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HAND2 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 56

GC04M174685
heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database
Services    
(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc , and/or 7Ensembl, 8miRBase)
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Aliases
DHAND 3, 5
DHAND2 2, 5
FLJ16260 2
Hed 1, 2
MGC125303 2
MGC125304 2
Thing2 1, 2
bHLHa26 1, 2
dHAND 3
dHand 1, 2
Descriptions
Deciduum, heart, autonomic nervous system and neural crest
derivatives-expressed protein 2 3
basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor HAND2 2
heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2 2
External Ids
HGNC: 48081
Entrez Gene: 94642
UniProtKB: P612963
Ensembl: ENSG000001641077
Search outside databases for aliases for HAND2 gene

Previous GC identifers: GC04M175366 GC04M174984 GC04M175142 GC04M174820

(According to Entrez Gene, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
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EntrezGene summary for HAND2:
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the basic helix-loop-helix family of transcription
factors. This gene product is one of two closely related family members, the HAND proteins, which
are asymmetrically expressed in the developing ventricular chambers and play an essential role in
cardiac morphogenesis. Working in a complementary fashion, they function in the formation of the
right ventricle and aortic arch arteries, implicating them as mediators of congenital heart
disease. In addition, this transcription factor plays an important role in limb and branchial arch
development. [provided by RefSeq]

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: HAND2_HUMAN, P61296
Function: Essential for cardiac morphogenesis, particularly for the formation of the right
ventricle and of the aortic arch arteries. Required for vascular development and regulation of
angiogenesis, possibly through a VEGF signaling pathway. Plays also an important role in limb
development, particularly in the establishment of anterior-posterior polarization, acting as an
upstream regulator of sonic hedgehog (SHH) induction in the limb bud. Is involved in the
development of branchial arches, which give rise to unique structures in the head and neck. Binds
DNA on E-box consensus sequence 5'-CANNTG-3' (By similarity)

Gene Wiki entry for HAND2

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 36),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC and Ensembl, Transcription factor binding sites according to SABiosciences)
About This Section

Genomic View:
UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

 Transcription factor binding sites upstream to the HAND2 gene  

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 4q33   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  4q34.1   HGNC cytogenetic band: 4q33

HAND2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 4         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC04M174685:     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
174,684,227 bp from pter
End:
174,687,953 bp from pter
Size:
3,727 bases
Orientation:
minus strand
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000004.10  NT_022792.17  
(According to 1UniProtKB, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to 2Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Enzo Life Sciences, Abnova, OriGene and/or, Abcam,
Biochemical Assays by Invitrogen, Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, and/or Enzo Life Sciences, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Abnova, and/or Novus Biologicals)
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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: HAND2_HUMAN, P61296 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Heart- and neural crest derivatives-expressed protein 2  
Size: 217 amino acids; 23666 Da
Subunit: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein. Forms homodimers
and heterodimers with TCF3 gene products E12 and E47, HAND1 and HEY1, HEY2 and HEYL (hairy-related
transcription factors) (By similarity)
Subcellular location: Nucleus (By similarity)
Developmental stage: Expressed in the fetal heart
Secondary accessions: O95300 O95301 P97833

REFSEQ proteins: NP_068808.1  

ENSEMBL proteins: 
ENSP00000377290 ENSP00000352565 


Human Recombinant Proteins 
Browse Drug Discovery Central at Invitrogen for human recombinant proteins
Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at Millipore
Browse Human Recombinant Proteins at Sigma-Aldrich  
Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
Recombinant Proteins from Abcam (HAND2)
Human Recombinant Proteins from Abnova (HAND2)
                Browse Origene for full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells 

2 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component terms (links to tree view):

GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
GO:0005634 nucleus IEA--
GO:0005667 transcription factor complex IEA--
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Antibodies for HAND2: 
Browse Antibodies Central at Invitrogen
Browse Millipore's Extensive Line of Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies
Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for HAND2
R&D Systems Antibodies for HAND2
Antibodies from Abcam (HAND2), each with their AbpromiseSM
Browse Abnova for Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies
Novus Biologicals Antibodies for HAND2

Assays for HAND2: 
Browse Invitrogen for biochemical assays
Browse Kits and Assays available from Millipore
Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
Browse biochemical assays available from Enzo Life Sciences

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
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2 InterPro domains/families:
 IPR001092 HLH_basic
 IPR011598 HLH_DNA_bd


   GeneDecks  HAND2 for the domains selected above  
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Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P61296

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P61296

1 Blocks protein family: IPB001092 Basic helix-loop-helix dimerization domain bHLH

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: HAND2_HUMAN, P61296
Similarity: Contains 1 basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain

(According to MGI Jun 06 2009, UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas,
shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Sigma-Aldrich,
RNAi Products, Clones, and Q-PCR Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, OriGene, and/or Abnova, siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, SYBR primers from OriGene, Cell-based Assays from Millipore, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
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Inhib.
RNA:
Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (HAND2)
Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (HAND2)
              OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_021973

              Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs for HAND2

              Sigma-Aldrich siRNA for HAND2  
                     Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for HAND2  
                     Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs  

Clones:Invitrogen Clones for HAND2
Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore
              OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_021973
                                 Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_021973
                                 untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_021973 

Primers: Browse Quantitative PCR Central at Invitrogen for Q-PCR LUX™ Primers
              OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: NM_021973

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: HAND2_HUMAN, P61296
Function: Essential for cardiac morphogenesis, particularly for the formation of the right
ventricle and of the aortic arch arteries. Required for vascular development and regulation of
angiogenesis, possibly through a VEGF signaling pathway. Plays also an important role in limb
development, particularly in the establishment of anterior-posterior polarization, acting as an
upstream regulator of sonic hedgehog (SHH) induction in the limb bud. Is involved in the
development of branchial arches, which give rise to unique structures in the head and neck. Binds
DNA on E-box consensus sequence 5'-CANNTG-3' (By similarity)

Genatlas biochemistry entry for HAND2:
heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2,also expressed in the deciduum,murine bHAND
homolog,activating UFD1L in neural crest mesenchyme,acting in a complementary fashion with HAND1
in the formation of right ventricles and aortic arches

15/16 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 6 alleles(MGI details for Hand2) (see all 16 ):

behavior/neurologicalcellularcraniofacialdigestive/alimentary
embryogenesisgrowth/sizehearing/vestibular/earhomeostasis/metabolismlethality-postnatal
lethality-prenatal/perinatallife span-post-weaning/aginglimbs/digits/tailmusclenervous system

3 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (links to tree view):

GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
GO:0003700 transcription factor activity TAS9500550 9878849
GO:0042802 identical protein binding IEA--
GO:0046982 protein heterodimerization activity IEA--
About this table

(Pathways according to Invitrogen (maps by GeneGo), Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, and/or 3STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section


1 Sigma-Aldrich "Your Favorite Gene" Pathway for  HAND2  (Your Favorite Gene powered by Ingenuity) 
 Cardiac Hypertrophy Signaling

   GeneDecks  HAND2 for the pathways selected above  
About GeneDecksing

 Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for  HAND2 


5/46 Interacting proteins for HAND2 (ENSP000003525653) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING (see all 46 )
InteractantInteraction Details
GeneCardExternal ID(s)
NKX2-5ENSP000003277583STRING (score=.982)
HAND1ENSP000002311213STRING (score=.964)
SHHENSP000002972613STRING (score=.952)
GATA4ENSP000003344583STRING (score=.947)
BMP4ENSP000002454513STRING (score=.946)
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5/10 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (links to tree view) (see all 10 ):

GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
GO:0001525 angiogenesis IEA--
GO:0001701 in utero embryonic development IEA--
GO:0001947 heart looping IEA--
GO:0006355 regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent IEA--
GO:0006915 apoptosis IEA--
About this table
(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
About This Section

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences
Browse Small Molecules at Sigma-Aldrich

Browse Tocris compounds for HAND2
1 Novoseek chemical compound relationship for HAND2 gene
Compound   Score   Articles   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
tyrosine 0.00 3 18724272 (1), 15649470 (1)
About this table


(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 219 Homo sapiens; Jun 2 2009) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView,
non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, and/or Abnova,
siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

Inhib.
RNA:
Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (HAND2)
Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (HAND2)
              OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_021973

              Sigma-Aldrich siRNA for HAND2  
                     Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for HAND2  
                     Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs  

Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs: 

NM_021973  

REFSEQ mRNAs for HAND2 gene: 

NM_021973.2   

Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays: 

NM_021973  

              OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_021973
                                 Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_021973
                                 untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_021973 

Additional cDNA sequence: 

AF087940.1 AK122739.1 BC101406.1 BC101974.1 BC109383.1 FJ226608.1 

6 DOTS entries:

DT.441870  DT.101967388  DT.101959298  DT.121217200  DT.121217204  DT.95269853 

24/56 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 56 ):

AA228070 AA228069 BP375336 CB216748 AW872910 CR613998 AA553383 AI021959 
AA402116 AA232841 BU624590 AL709273 BQ270188 AK122739 AF087940 BI042724 
BX404434 BI195868 BF206131 AA319613 BX283484 BG953656 BQ011016 AA262355 

highest scoring ESTs for HAND2:

AF087940 AI651666 BF206131 BF313018 BI195112 BX283484 N88945 AA262355 AI652225 BI195868 

Unigene Cluster for HAND2:

Heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2
Hs.388245  [show with all ESTs]
Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_021973


GeneLoc Exon Structure

2 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations:
ENST00000393686  ENST00000359562  
(Experimental results according to 1GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to 2GeneAnnot , 3GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 219 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems )
About This Section

HAND2 expression in normal and diseased human tissues

 Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays for HAND2

1 / 2 / 3

4 probe-sets matching HAND2 gene


Affymetrix
probe-set
Array  GeneAnnot data GeneNote data GeneTide data
# genes Sensitivity Specificity Correlation Length Gb_Accession Consensus Uniqueness Score Rank
68465_at2, 3 U95-D 1 1.00 1.00 0.74 1.43 AI651666 0.80 1.00 0.91 1
45131_at2, 3 U95-B 1 0.38 1.00 0.95 0.61 AA262355 0.60 1.00 0.82 1

220480_at2, 3 U133-A 1 0.36 1.00 -- -- NM_021973 0.60 1.00 0.82 1

220480_at2 U133Plus2 1 0.36 1.00 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GeneDecks  HAND2 for binary patterns associated with the probe-sets selected above  
About GeneDecksing
About this table    
Data from (Publications) and GNF BioGPS
    About these images
About these images

CGAP SAGE TAG: GACCTGCTGG

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.388245

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: HAND2_HUMAN, P61296
Tissue specificity: Heart

(Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD and/or 5MGI Jun 06 2009, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section


Orthologs for HAND2 gene from 5/10 species (see all 10 )
Organism Gene Locus Description Human
Similarity
NCBI accessions
dog
(Canis familiaris)
HAND21   -- heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2 96.23(n)
98.31(a)
607431  XM_844096.1  XP_849189.1 
chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
HAND21   -- heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2 100(n)
100(a)
741581  XM_001156041.1  XP_001156041.1 
rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
Hand21   -- heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2 93.55(n)
100(a)
64637  NM_022696.1  NP_073187.1 
mouse
(Mus musculus)
Hand21, 5 8 (30.00 cM)5
heart and neural crest derivatives expressed transcript more1, 5 94.01(n)1
99.54(a)1
151111  NM_010402.31  NP_034532.21 
 AI2259065  AI6611485  (see all 12)
chicken
(Gallus gallus)
HAND21   -- heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2 83.72(n)
87.91(a)
395813  NM_204966.1  NP_990297.1 
About this table        Species with no ortholog for HAND2

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for HAND2
(Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene
and 2Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to 3Pseudogene.org)
About This Section

Paralogs for HAND2 gene
TWIST12  TCF152  SCXB2  HAND12  SCXA2  

(According to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Genotyping Reagents from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section


10/26 NCBI SNPs in HAND2 are shown (see all 26 )
(Click for Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Genotyping Assay)  (see all 61)
ABGenomic DataTranscription DataAllele Frequencies
SNP IDValidChr 4 posSequenceRecsAA
Chg
TypeMoreRecsAllele
freq
PopTotal
sample
More
------------
rs21197881,2
A,C,F,H,O174683964(-) CTGAAA/GTCAAT 1 -- ng5121Minor allele frequency- N:0.00NS EA NA EU WA 1518
rs41468601,2
A,C,F,H174689327(+) CTGGGA/GCTCGC 1 -- ng314Minor allele frequency- G:0.29EU EA WA 396
--
rs100247371,2
A,C,F,H174684718(+) ATCTAT/CGAGAC 1 -- ut314Minor allele frequency- C:0.10EU EA WA 412
rs170595461,2
C,F,H174689637(+) GCGGCC/TGGGCG 1 -- ng3116Minor allele frequency- N:0.00NA EU EA WA 1474
rs131413561,2
C,F,H174683937(+) ACTGAC/AGGCCT 1 -- ng5111Minor allele frequency- A:0.13NA EU EA WA 982
rs131463461,2
C,F,H174689912(+) TGGTTC/TTTCAA 1 -- ng3115Minor allele frequency- T:0.13NA EU EA WA 1392
rs105202601,2
C,F,H174683924(+) TCTCCA/GAACAA 1 -- ng5117Minor allele frequency- G:0.22NS EU EA WA NA 1156
rs22769401,2
F,H174688574(-) AACCGG/TGGTAA 1 -- ng315Minor allele frequency- T:0.11EA EU WA 1912
rs22769411,2
F,H174688229(-) GGGGGG/AAAAAT 1 -- ng31 trp33Minor allele frequency- A:0.23EA WA 298
--
rs38405031,2
C174688151(+) GGGGG-/GCAGGG 1 -- ng310--------
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HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for HAND2 (up to first 250kb)

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, Novoseek, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, BCGD, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

OMIM: 602407

1 Novoseek disease relationship for HAND2 gene

Disease   Score   Articles   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
saethre-chotzen syndrome 74.20 1 15735646 (1)
About this table

(Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
About This Section

  --

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Novoseek, 2HGNC, 3Entrez Gene, 4UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 5UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 6GAD, and/or 7PharmGKB)
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10/57 PubMed articles for HAND2 gene (see all 57 ):
(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

 ANDOR
Aliases
Free Text  

  Query String
PubMed
OMIM
NCBI Bookshelf
  (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)
(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 9464 HGNC: 4808 AceView: HAND2 Ensembl:ENSG00000164107 euGenes: HUgn9464
ECgene: HAND2 H-InvDB: HAND2
(According to HUGE)
About This Section

  --
(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

  --
(Available from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts)
About This Section

  --
(Reagents available from Applied Biosystems, Antibodies and assays by Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Novus Biologicals,
Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Millipore, Abnova, and/or Invitrogen, Clones available from OriGene,and/or Invitrogen, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Tocris Bioscience)
About This Section



Products for HAND2:
 TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays
 TaqMan ® Genotyping Assays
  Free SNP selection tool



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 Predesigned and custom siRNAs for HAND2 Antibodies for HAND2
 Explore super-pooled esiRNAs Browse proteins at Sigma-Aldrich
 Lentivirus-delivered shRNAs for HAND2 Browse small molecules at Sigma-Aldrich
 "Your Favorite Gene" Pathwaysfeedback


  
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 Antibodies for HAND2

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