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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

GZMA Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 62
GCID: GC05P054398

granzyme A (granzyme 1, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated...


(Previous symbols: HFSP, CTLA3)
 Explore 37 diseases affiliated with
GZMA via
MalaCards
our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for GZMA    

Aliases
for GZMA gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Granzyme A (Granzyme 1, Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Serine Esterase
3)1 2
     Granzyme A2
CTLA31 2 3 5     Granzyme A (Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Serine Esterase-3; Hanukah Factor
Serine Protease)2
HFSP1 2 3 5     EC 3.4.21.783
Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Proteinase 12 3     Fragmentin-13
H Factor2 3     Granzyme-13
HF2 3     Hanukkah Factor3
CTL Tryptase2 3     EC 3.4.218
Fragmentin-13     

External Ids:    HGNC: 47081   Entrez Gene: 30012   Ensembl: ENSG000001456497   OMIM: 1400505   UniProtKB: P125443   

Export aliases for GZMA gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC05P054561 GC05P055827 GC05P054352 GC05P054414 GC05P054434 GC05P051373


Summaries
for GZMA gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for GZMA:
Cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells share the remarkable ability to recognize, bind, and lyse
specific target cells. They are thought to protect their host by lysing cells bearing on their surface 'nonself'
antigens, usually peptides or proteins resulting from infection by intracellular pathogens. The protein described here
is a T cell- and natural killer cell-specific serine protease that may function as a common component necessary for
lysis of target cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GRAA_HUMAN, P12544
Function: This enzyme is necessary for target cell lysis in cell-mediated immune responses. It cleaves after Lys or
Arg. Cleaves APEX1 after 'Lys-31' and destroys its oxidative repair activity. Involved in apoptosis

Gene Wiki entry for GZMA


Genomic Views
for GZMA gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000005.9  NC_018916.1  NT_006713.15  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the GZMA gene promoter:
         AML1a   MEF-2   GATA-1   YY1   C/EBPalpha   MEF-2A   FOXJ2 (long isoform)   FOXO4   FOXJ2   aMEF-2   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: GZMA promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for GZMA

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat GZMA


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 5q11-q12   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  5q11.2   HGNC cytogenetic band: 5q11-q12

GZMA Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
GZMA gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 5         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC05P054398:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 54,398,474 bp from pter      End:
 54,406,080 bp from pter
Size:
 7,607 bases      Orientation:
 plus strand

Proteins
for GZMA gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GRAA_HUMAN, P12544 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Granzyme A precursor  
Size: 262 amino acids; 28999 Da
Subunit: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with APEX1
Subcellular location: Isoform alpha: Secreted. Cytoplasmic granule
Caution: Exons 1a and 1b of the sequence reported in PubMed:17180578 are of human origin, however exon 2 shows strong
similarity to the rat sequence
3 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for GZMA:
1HF1 (3D)        1OP8 (3D)        1ORF (3D)    
Secondary accessions: A4PHN1 Q6IB36
Alternative promoter usage: 2 isoforms:  P12544-1   P12544-2   

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for GZMA: NX_P12544

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P12544

    • 3 DME Specific Peptides for GZMA (P12544)
     GDSGSPL  VLTAAHC  WVLTAAH 

    GZMA Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins: NP_006135.1  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000274306  

    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
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    Novus Biologicals GZMA Proteins
    Novus Biologicals GZMA Lysate
    Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
    Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
    Uscn Proteins for GZMA

    Gene Ontology (GO): 3 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0001772immunological synapse TAS12524539
    GO:0005576extracellular region IEA--
    GO:0005634nucleus TAS11909973


    GZMA for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    GZMA Antibody Products: 
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    ThermoFisher Antibodies for GZMA

    Assay Products for GZMA: 
    Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
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    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for GZMA

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for GZMA gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    GZMA for domains           About GeneDecksing

    4 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR001314 Peptidase_S1A
     IPR001254 Peptidase_S1
     IPR018114 Peptidase_S1_AS
     IPR009003 Trypsin-like_Pept_dom

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P12544

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P12544

    2 Blocks protein families:
    IPB001254 Serine protease
    IPB001314 Chymotrypsin serine protease family (S1) signature


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GRAA_HUMAN, P12544
    Similarity: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Granzyme subfamily
    Similarity: Contains 1 peptidase S1 domain


    Function
    for GZMA gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GRAA_HUMAN, P12544
    Function: This enzyme is necessary for target cell lysis in cell-mediated immune responses. It cleaves after Lys or
    Arg. Cleaves APEX1 after 'Lys-31' and destroys its oxidative repair activity. Involved in apoptosis
    Catalytic activity: Hydrolysis of proteins, including fibronectin, type IV collagen and nucleolin. Preferential
    cleavage: -Arg- -Xaa-, -Lys- -Xaa- >> -Phe- -Xaa- in small molecule substrates
    Induction: Dexamethasone (DEX) induces expression of isoform beta and represses expression of isoform alpha. The
    alteration in expression is mediated by binding of glucocorticoid receptor to independent promoters adjacent to the
    alternative first exons of isoform alpha and isoform beta

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for GZMA:
    cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated granule serine protease 3,Hanuka factor,lymphocyte tryptase 1

    Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 3.4.212 EC 3.4.21.781

    miRNA
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    Inhib. RNA
    Products:            		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for GZMA (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: GZMA
    OriGene siRNA: GZMA
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    Gene Editing
    Products:    		DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for GZMA

    Clone
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    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for GZMA (see all 3)
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    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat GZMA 

    Cell Line
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    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for GZMA

    In Situ Assay
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    Gene Ontology (GO): 4 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0004252serine-type endopeptidase activity IDA12819770
    GO:0005515protein binding IPI12524539
    GO:0008236serine-type peptidase activity ----
    GO:0042803protein homodimerization activity IDA12819770


    GZMA for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-outs for GZMA: Gzmatm1Ley Gzmatm1Simn
         4 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 2 alleles) (MGI details for Gzma):
     hematopoietic system  immune system  mortality/aging  tumorigenesis 

    GZMA for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    Pathways & Interactions
    for GZMA gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/8 super-pathways (see all 8) About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Lymphocyte Signaling
    		Lymphocyte Signaling1.00
    2Apoptosis and Autophagy
    		Apoptosis and Autophagy1.00
    3Granzyme Pathway
    		Granzyme Pathway1.00
    4IL-15 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types
    		IL-15 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types1.00
    5Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
    		Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction0.38

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    1 R&D Systems Pathway for GZMA
        IL-15 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types

    3 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for GZMA
        IL-9 Pathway
    Granzyme-A Pathway
    Granzyme Pathway

    2 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathways for GZMA
        Apoptosis and Autophagy
    Lymphocyte Signaling

    1 BioSystems Pathway for GZMA 
        IL12-mediated signaling events


    1         Kegg Pathway  (Kegg details for GZMA):
        Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction


    GZMA for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for GZMA

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 20)

    5/30 Interacting proteins for GZMA (P125443 ENSP000002743064) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 30)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    SETQ011053, ENSP000003617774I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000361777
    APEX1P276953, ENSP000002167144I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000216714
    NCLP193383, ENSP000003181954I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000318195
    HSPA1AP081073I2D: score=1 
    HSPA1BP081073I2D: score=1 
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/9 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 9):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0006915apoptotic process TAS12524539
    GO:0006922cleavage of lamin involved in execution phase of apoptosis IDA11331782
    GO:0006955immune response TAS12524539
    GO:0019835cytolysis IEA--
    GO:0032078negative regulation of endodeoxyribonuclease activity IDA12524539


    GZMA for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for GZMA gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    GZMA for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    EMD Millipore small molecules for GZMA:
    Small Molecule - inhibitor
    Enzo Life Sciences drugs & compounds for GZMA

    Browse Tocris compounds for GZMA
    10/16 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for GZMA gene (see all 16)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    3,4-dichloroisocoumarin 74.4 1 9036942 (1)
    serine 70.5 43 7923921 (2), 8835202 (2), 8288245 (2), 8305526 (1) (see all 28)
    isocoumarin 58.7 1 1998680 (1)
    ddvp 58.6 9 16002202 (4), 16873099 (1), 18063463 (1)
    chromium 33.6 3 16873099 (1), 15622622 (1), 16002202 (1)
    mannose 6-phosphate 30.8 7 8432729 (5)
    rantes 23.7 4 15929698 (2), 17314518 (1), 9495345 (1)
    ionomycin 23.5 1 9538144 (1)
    agarose 0 1 8258716 (1)
    oxygen 0 5 15780992 (1), 15286980 (1), 18485862 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about GZMA / GRAA 

    Transcripts
    for GZMA gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for GZMA gene: 
    NM_006144.3  

    Unigene Cluster for GZMA:

    Granzyme A (granzyme 1, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase 3)
    Hs.90708  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: BM917804
    1 Ensembl transcript including schematic representation, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000274306(uc003jpm.3)

    miRNA
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    Inhib. RNA
    Products:             		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for GZMA (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: GZMA
    OriGene siRNA: GZMA
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    Clone
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    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    BC015739.1 CR456968.1 M18737.1 

    5 DOTS entries:

    DT.210372  DT.92443776  DT.92443767  DT.95098368  DT.92443770 

    24/115 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 115):

    BG190565 CD368966 BG181621 CA444285 BQ012679 BG743936 BM917918 BG207530 
    AI948936 BQ010949 AI346708 BG196660 BF063535 BG202305 BG187879 BG203375 
    BG213869 BG210150 AL708407 BG185787 BG190044 BG211181 BE672232 BG744120 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    2 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for GZMA    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1a · 1b ^ 2 ^ 3 ^ 4a · 4b ^ 5
    SP1:                                          
    SP2:              -                           


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for GZMA

    Expression
    for GZMA gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    GZMA expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: ACTGTAAAAA

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)
    About this image

    GZMA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    Stem Cell Differentiation: 1 LifeMap Cell 
    NameCategory
    PureStem™ progenitor EN7 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization

    See GZMA Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for GZMA

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.90708
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Array including GZMA: 
              Drug Metabolism: Phase I Enzymes in human mouse rat

    Primer
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    In Situ
    Assay Products:     
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for GZMA

    Orthologs
    for GZMA gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

    Orthologs for GZMA gene from 5/16 species (see all 16)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)    		 Mammalia Gzma1 , 5 granzyme A1, 5 76.67(n)1
    68.85(a)1    		   13 (63.93 cM)5
    149381  NM_010370.21  NP_034500.11 
     1130938275 
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves GZMA1 granzyme A (granzyme 1, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated more 61.87(n)
    54(a)    		   395108  NM_204457.1  NP_989788.1 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia --
    --
    		 --
    		 49(a)
    46(a)
    		 many → 1
    many → 1
    		 2(2702829-2709626)
    2(2693812-2696592)
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii gzma6
    AL954146.16
    (see all 4)    		 --
    		 33(a)
    32(a)
    (see all 4)    		 many ↔ many
    possible ortholog
    (see all 4)    		 21(18353016-18355129)
    23(37542555-37552094)
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)    		 Insecta Try29F6
    thetaTry6
    (see all 49)    		 thetaTrypsin
    (see all 49)    		 28(a)
    27(a)
    (see all 49)    		 possible ortholog
    possible ortholog
    (see all 49)    		 2L(8998537-8999468)
    2R(7229219-7230265)


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for GZMA (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for GZMA (if available) 

    Paralogs
    for GZMA gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for GZMA gene
    PRTN32  GZMH2  GZMK2  PRSS572  CTSG2  CFD2  ELANE2  CMA12  
    AZU12  GZMM2  GZMB2  
    18/88 SIMAP similar genes for GZMA using alignment to 1 protein entry:     GRAA_HUMAN(see all similar genes):
    GZMK    GZMB    CFD    DF    GZMH    CMA1
    KLK13    KLK14    KLK9    CELA1    CTSG    ELANE
    KLK7    KLK8    CTRB1    CTRB2    CTRL    KLK12

    GZMA for paralogs           About GeneDecksing


    1 Pseudogenes.org Pseudogene for GZMA
    PGOHUM00000235592


    Genomic Variants
    for GZMA gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/196 NCBI SNPs in GZMA are shown (see all 196)     About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 5 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    rs1502347441,2
    		C,--54396703(+) AACAG-/ACAA  
                ACAGA     		1 -- us2k10--------
    rs577017421,2
    		C--54396706(+) AGACA-/AACA  
                GAGAG     		1 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- AACA:0.00NA 2
    rs100789861,2
    		C,--54396790(+) AGGGAC/TGTGAA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1822789381,2
    		--54396791(+) GGGATA/GTGAAG 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1409884261,2
    		--54396832(+) CTCAAC/TGAAAT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1869364951,2
    		--54397082(+) TACCTA/GACTTC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1502296001,2
    		--54397184(+) ACACTC/GTAAAT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1929836791,2
    		--54397197(+) GTGACA/CTTTAT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1851387021,2
    		--54397451(+) CAGGGG/TTCTCA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1388120151,2
    		--54397592(+) TGTATC/TGGAGA 1 -- us2k10--------

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for GZMA (54398474 - 54406080 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
    Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 2 variations for GZMA
         2 CNVs: 36418 99141

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    Disorders / Diseases
    for GZMA gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    GZMA for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 140050    OMIM disorders: --

    20/37 diseases for GZMA (see all 37):    About MalaCards
    chediak-higashi syndrome    chronic obstructive pulmonary disease    cutaneous leishmaniasis    systemic lupus erythematosus
    sjogren's syndrome    lupus erythematosus    cytomegalovirus infection    polymyositis
    rheumatoid arthritis    acute lymphoblastic leukemia    lymphoblastic leukemia    pulmonary sarcoidosis
    myositis    leishmaniasis    lateral sclerosis    sarcoidosis
    bronchiolitis    renal cell carcinoma    pulmonary disease    pulmonary tuberculosis

    10/19 Novoseek disease relationships for GZMA gene (see all 19)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    myositis 27.3 1 7919969 (1)
    sjogrens syndrome 25 2 8030547 (1), 7904795 (1)
    tumors 21.6 15 12847210 (3), 11069717 (2), 8959642 (1), 12428227 (1) (see all 11)
    virus infection 18.8 4 10998317 (1), 8929545 (1), 16208762 (1)
    necrosis 16.3 8 8959642 (1), 12428227 (1), 8517482 (1), 9538144 (1) (see all 8)
    lymphoproliferative disorders 16.1 1 10892713 (1)
    rheumatoid arthritis 15.8 7 7923921 (2), 1731326 (2), 7536415 (1), 10337032 (1) (see all 5)
    cmv infection 15.5 1 15848677 (1)
    hiv infections 11.9 4 10449281 (1), 10716374 (1), 12001057 (1)
    polymyositis 11.8 1 8268727 (1)

    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: GZMA (4 documents)

    Export disorders for GZMA gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for GZMA gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for GZMA gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 245):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with GZMA)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Characterization of three serine esterases isolated from human IL-2 activated killer cells. (PubMed id 3262682)1, 2, 3 Hameed A.... Podack E.R. (1988)
    2. Cleaving the oxidative repair protein Ape1 enhances cell death mediated by granzyme A. (PubMed id 12524539)1, 2, 9 Fan Z.... Lieberman J. (2003)
    3. The oligomeric structure of human granzyme A is a determinant of its extended substrate specificity. (PubMed id 12819769)1, 2, 9 Bell J.K....Craik C.S. (2003)
    4. Crystal structure of the apoptosis-inducing human granzyme A dimer. (PubMed id 12819770)1, 2, 9 Hink-Schauer C....Jenne D.E. (2003)
    5. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
    6. Characterization of granzymes A and B isolated from granules of cloned human cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (PubMed id 3263427)1, 2 Kraehenbuhl O.... Tschopp J. (1988)
    7. Comparative molecular model building of two serine proteinases from cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (PubMed id 3237717)1, 2 Murphy M.E.P.... James M.N.G. (1988)
    8. Cloning and chromosomal assignment of a human cDNA encoding a T cell- and natural killer cell-specific trypsin-like serine protease. (PubMed id 3257574)1, 2 Gershenfeld H.K.... Weissman I.L. (1988)
    9. Human cytotoxic lymphocyte tryptase. Its purification from granules and the characterization of inhibitor and substrate specificity. (PubMed id 3047119)1, 2 Poe M.... Zweerink H.J. (1988)
    10. Identification of granzyme A isolated from cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-granules as one of the proteases encoded by CTL-specific genes. (PubMed id 3533635)1, 3 Masson D....Tschopp J. (1986)

    External Searches for GZMA gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing GZMA gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 3001 HGNC: 4708 AceView: GZMA Ensembl:ENSG00000145649 euGenes: HUgn3001
    ECgene: GZMA Kegg: 3001 H-InvDB: GZMA

    Other Databases showing GZMA gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing GZMA gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for GZMA Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    Intellectual Property
    for GZMA gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for GZMA gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving GZMA

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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