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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

GSTA1 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 65
GCID: GC06M052656

glutathione S-transferase alpha 1

(Previous name: glutathione S-transferase A1 )

Explore 45 diseases affiliated with
GSTA1 via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Glutathione S-Transferase Alpha 1¹ ²		GST2²
Glutathione S-Transferase A1¹ ²		Glutathione S-Alkyltransferase A1²
GST-Epsilon¹		Glutathione S-Aryltransferase A1²
GSTA1-1² ³		Glutathione S-Transferase 2²
GTH1² ³		Glutathione S-Transferase Ha Subunit 1²
GST Class-Alpha Member 1² ³		GST, Class Alpha, 1²
GST HA Subunit 1² ³		S-(Hydroxyalkyl)Glutathione Lyase A1²
EC 2.5.1.18³ ⁸

External Ids:	HGNC: 4626¹	Entrez Gene: 2938²	Ensembl: ENSG00000243955⁷	OMIM: 138359⁵	UniProtKB: P08263³

Export aliases for GSTA1 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC06M052658 GC06M052657 GC06M052703 GC06M052764 GC06M052486

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for GSTA1:

Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of glutathione S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. These

enzymes function in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs,

environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione. The genes encoding these

enzymes are known to be highly polymorphic. These genetic variations can change an individual's susceptibility to

carcinogens and toxins as well as affect the toxicity and efficacy of some drugs. At present, eight distinct classes

of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi,

sigma, theta and zeta. This gene encodes a glutathione S-tranferase belonging to the alpha class. The alpha class

genes, located in a cluster mapped to chromosome 6, are the most abundantly expressed glutathione S-transferases in

liver. In addition to metabolizing bilirubin and certain anti-cancer drugs in the liver, the alpha class of these

enzymes exhibit glutathione peroxidase activity thereby protecting the cells from reactive oxygen species and the

products of peroxidation. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GSTA1_HUMAN, P08263

Function: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles

summary for GSTA1:

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a family of enzymes that catalyze a variety of reactions in both

eukaryotes and prokaryotes. They catalyze the conjugation of reduced glutathione with potentially toxic,

xenobiotic substrates, thus aiding excretion from the body.

Gene Wiki entry for GSTA1 (Glutathione S-transferase A1)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000006.11 NC_018917.1 NT_007592.15

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the GSTA1 gene promoter:
Sp1 AP-1 ATF-2 Lmo2 FOXD1 AP-4 Nkx2-5 HNF-1A HNF-1 c-Jun
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: GSTA1 promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for GSTA1

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat GSTA1

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 6p12.1 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 6p12.2 HGNC cytogenetic band: 6p12.2

GSTA1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
GSTA1 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 6 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC06M052656: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	52,656,178 bp from pter	End:	52,668,708 bp from pter
Size:	12,531 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GSTA1_HUMAN, P08263 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Glutathione S-transferase A1

Size: 222 amino acids; 25631 Da

Subunit: Homodimer or heterodimer of GSTA1 and GSTA2

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm

6/26 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for GSTA1 (see all 26):

1GSD (3D)

1GSE (3D)

1GSF (3D)

1GUH (3D)

1K3L (3D)

1K3O (3D)

Secondary accessions: Q14750 Q5GHF8 Q5SZC1

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for GSTA1: NX_P08263

Post-translational modifications:

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P08263

4/12 DME Specific Peptides for GSTA1 (P08263) (see all 12)

AAGVEFE

RYFPAFE

LVGNKLS

AGVEFEE

GSTA1 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins: NP_665683.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000335620

Reactome Protein details: P08263
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

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	ProSpec Recombinant Protein for GSTA1
	Browse Proteins at Uscn

Gene Ontology (GO): 2 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	NAS	--
GO:0005829	cytosol	TAS	--

GSTA1 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

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Assay Products for GSTA1:

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	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for GSTA1
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Browse ELISAs and CLIAs at Uscn

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

GSTA1 for domains About GeneDecksing

5/6 InterPro domains/families (see all 6):

IPR012336 Thioredoxin-like_fold

IPR003080 GST_alpha

IPR004046 GST_C

IPR017933 Glutathione_S_Trfase/Cl_chnl_C

IPR004045 Glutathione_S-Trfase_N

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P08263

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P08263

2 Blocks protein families:

IPB003080 Alpha-class glutathione S-transferase signature

IPB004045 Glutathione S-transferase

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GSTA1_HUMAN, P08263

Domain: The C-terminal domain may form a component of the hydrophobic substrate-binding site, but in contrast appears

not to be directly involved in GSH binding and is not absolutely essential for catalytic activity

Similarity: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Alpha family

Similarity: Contains 1 GST C-terminal domain

Similarity: Contains 1 GST N-terminal domain

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GSTA1_HUMAN, P08263

Function: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles

Catalytic activity: RX + glutathione = HX + R-S-glutathione

Genatlas biochemistry entry for GSTA1:

glutathione S-transferase 1,alpha,expressed in liver,with a proximal promoter essential for the binding of activating

transcription factor complexes

Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 2.5.1.18¹ ²

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: GSTA1 Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat GSTA1
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		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: GSTA1 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for GSTA1 OriGene shRNA RFP: GSTA1 OriGene siRNA: GSTA1
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Gene Editing
Products:

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		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: GSTA1 (NM_145740)
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Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for GSTA1
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for GSTA1

In Situ Assay
Products:

Search Advanced Cell Diagnostics for RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for GSTA1

Gene Ontology (GO): 1 molecular function term (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004364	glutathione transferase activity	NAS	1731620

GSTA1 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/9 super-pathways (see all 9) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

Glutathione metabolism

Glutathione metabolism	1.00	glutathione-mediated detoxification I	0.53
Glutathione metabolism	0.92	Glutathione conjugation	0.50
Glutathione metabolism	0.70	Glutathione metabolism	0.44

2-Naphthylamine and 2-Nitronaphtalene metabolism

2-Naphthylamine and 2-Nitronaphtalene metabolism

1.00

2-Naphthylamine and 2-Nitronaphtalene metabolism

0.95

Naphthalene metabolism

Naphthalene metabolism

1.00

Naphthalene metabolism

1.00

Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450

Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450

1.00

Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450

0.73

Biological oxidations

Biological oxidations

1.00

Phase II conjugation

0.52

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

3 EMD Millipore Pathways for GSTA1

	2-Naphthylamine and 2-Nitronaphtalene metabolism
	Naphthalene metabolism
	Glutathione metabolism

3 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for GSTA1

	Naphthalene metabolism
	2-Naphthylamine and 2-Nitronaphtalene metabolism
	Glutathione metabolism

3 BioSystems Pathways for GSTA1

	glutathione-mediated detoxification I
	Glutathione metabolism
	4-hydroxy-2-nonenal detoxification

4 Reactome Pathways for GSTA1

	Metabolism
	Biological oxidations
	Glutathione conjugation
	Phase II conjugation

2 PharmGKB Pathways for GSTA1

	Busulfan Pathway, Pharmacodynamics
	Thiopurine Pathway, Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics

3 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for GSTA1):

	Glutathione metabolism
	Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450
	Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450

GSTA1 for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for GSTA1

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/64 Interacting proteins for GSTA1 (P08263³ ENSP00000335620⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 64)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
GSTA2	P09210³, ENSP00000420168⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000420168
ADH1A	ENSP00000209668⁴	STRING: ENSP00000209668
ADH1B	ENSP00000306606⁴	STRING: ENSP00000306606
ADH4	ENSP00000265512⁴	STRING: ENSP00000265512
ADH5	ENSP00000296412⁴	STRING: ENSP00000296412

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 4 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0006749	glutathione metabolic process	IDA	11851347
GO:0006805	xenobiotic metabolic process	TAS	--
GO:0008152	metabolic process	IC	3800996
GO:0044281	small molecule metabolic process	TAS	--

GSTA1 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

GSTA1 for compounds About GeneDecksing

EMD Millipore small molecules for GSTA1:
Small Molecule - inhibitor

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Compounds for GSTA1 available from Tocris Bioscience About this table

Compound	Action	CAS #
Ellagic acid	Selective inhibitor of CK2. Also inhibits glutathione S-transferase	[476-66-4]

10/12 HMDB Compounds for GSTA1 (see all 12) About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
2-Hydroxyestrone-1-S-glutathione	2,3-dihydroxy-1,3,5[10]-estratriene-17-one-1-S-glutathione;2-hydroxyestrone-1-S-glutathione	--	--
2-Hydroxyestrone-4-S-glutathione	2,3-dihydroxy-1,3,5[10]-estratriene-17-one-4-S-glutathione	--	--
4-Hydroxyestrone-2-S-glutathione	3,4-dihydroxy-1,3,5[10]-estratriene-17-one-2-S-glutathione	--	--
Adrenochrome	adrenochrome oxidised;adrenochrome O-quinone;N-methyl-5,6-dioxo-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-3-hydroxyindole;N-methyl-5,6-dioxo-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-3-indolol;AdChr	54-06-8	--
Estrone-2,3-quinone	catecholestrogen quinone	40551-33-5	--
Estrone-3,4-quinone	catecholestrogen quinone	633-34-1	--
Glutathione	5-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine (see all 32)	70-18-8	--
Hydrochloric acid	Hydrogen chloride anhydrous [UN1050] [Poison gas] (see all 16)	7647-01-0	--
Noradrenochrome	noradrenochrome O-quinone;noradrenochrome oxidised;5,6-dioxo-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-3-hydroxyindole;5,6-dioxo-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-3-indolol;AdChr	490-89-1	--
S-(PGJ2)-glutathione	GSPGJ2;9-(S-glutathionyl)-prostaglandin J(,2)	--	--

8 DrugBank Compounds for GSTA1 About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
Glutathione	5-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine (see all 5)	70-18-8	target	--	17425746 17346923 10592235 17333241
Glutathione	5-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine (see all 5)	70-18-8	enzyme	substrate	17425746 17346923 10592235 17333241 1782341 15822171
Busulfan	Busulphan (see all 8)	55-98-1	enzyme	substrate	20672371 16448639 18194479
Glutathione Sulfonic Acid	--	--	target	--	17139284 17016423 10592235
S-Hydroxycysteine	--	--	target	--	17139284 17016423 10592235
2-Hydroxyethyl Disulfide	--	1892-29-1	target	--	--
2-Hydroxyethyl Disulfide	--	1892-29-1	enzyme	--	--
N-(4-Aminobutanoyl)-S-(4-Methoxybenzyl)-L-Cysteinylglycine	--	--	target	--	--
N-(4-Aminobutanoyl)-S-(4-Methoxybenzyl)-L-Cysteinylglycine	--	--	enzyme	--	--
S-Benzyl-Glutathione	--	--	target	--	--
S-Benzyl-Glutathione	--	--	enzyme	--	--
S-Hexylglutathione	--	--	target	--	--
S-Hexylglutathione	--	--	enzyme	--	--

10/20 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for GSTA1 gene (see all 20) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
gsts	87.9	8	16608922 (2), 8330352 (1), 15128049 (1), 10053036 (1) (see all 7)
sulforaphane	77	16	15090468 (6), 12151360 (3), 20204301 (2), 12756216 (1) (see all 6)
busulfan	61.3	9	12429583 (2), 15779864 (2), 17425746 (1), 16448639 (1) (see all 7)
androstane	57.2	2	17112801 (1), 16204462 (1)
gamma-glutamylcysteine	47	2	19176875 (1), 16356128 (1)
12-dichloroethane	46.9	5	11673082 (3), 8330352 (1)
ethacrynic acid	45.1	2	11297599 (1), 16802828 (1)
phip	41.5	1	14601045 (1)
aflatoxin b1	39.4	2	8330352 (1)
phenobarbital	32.6	1	16012075 (1)

2 PharmGKB related drug/compound annotations for GSTA1 gene

Drug/compound	PharmGKB Annotation
cisplatin	CA
cyclophosphamide	CA

About this table

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about GSTA1

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for GSTA1 gene:

NM_145740.3

Unigene Cluster for GSTA1:

Glutathione S-transferase alpha 1

Hs.446309 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: AL096729

3 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000493331 ENST00000334575(uc003paz.3 uc021zan.1) ENST00000476213

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		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat GSTA1
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat GSTA1

Additional cDNA sequence:

AK293371.1 AL096729.1 AY532928.1 BC053578.1 BC110891.1 CR407656.1 M14777.1 M15872.1

M21758.1 M25627.1 S49975.1

16 DOTS entries:

DT.91702252 DT.452793 DT.100676913 DT.121406139 DT.100676915 DT.100676919 DT.91761490 DT.100676912

DT.100723252 DT.95143695 DT.100745080 DT.95175723 DT.121406142 DT.91761493 DT.100676916 DT.97805568

24/152 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 152):

BU949701 AV652178 AV702143 H69204 CR601508 CB163833 AA846513 AV703708

AV653390 AI261839 BX283159 T73486 NM_000846 AV707807 AV705917 BG572303

AV706836 BV204430 BI762502 BE796134 BE795593 BX506437 AV681855 BU949992

GeneLoc Exon Structure

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

GSTA1 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: GAGGCCAAGA

About this image

GSTA1 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

Stem Cell Differentiation: 4 LifeMap Cells

Name

Category

PureStem™ progenitor E68 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)

Syncytiotrophoblast-like cells (Generation of syncyt...)

Posterior foregut-like cells (A scalable, suspensi...)

Embryoid bodies (Two-step protocol fo...)

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

See GSTA1 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for GSTA1

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.446309

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GSTA1_HUMAN, P08263

Tissue specificity: Liver

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including GSTA1:

Drug Metabolism: Phase II Enzymes in human mouse rat

Cellular Stress Responses in human mouse rat

Drug Metabolism in human mouse rat

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		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat GSTA1

In Situ
Assay Products:

Search Advanced Cell Diagnostics for RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for GSTA1

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for GSTA1 gene from 4/15 species (see all 15) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	GSTA1_CHICK⁶	Glutathione S-transferase	65(a)	1 → many	3(91202951-91209673)
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	-- -- (see all 4)	--	69(a) 68(a) (see all 4)	many ↔ many many ↔ many (see all 4)	1(151781701-151787309) 1(148461947-148466438)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	AW633886.1²	--	74.45(n)		AW633886.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	gstal⁶ zgc:173962⁶ (see all 3)	zgc:173962 (see all 3)	55(a) 55(a) (see all 3)	many ↔ many many ↔ many (see all 3)	13(715869-724232) 13(707116-712513)

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for GSTA1 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for GSTA1 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
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Paralogs for GSTA1 gene

GSTA4² GSTA5² GSTA3² GSTM1² GSTM3² GSTA2² GSTP1² GSTM4²

HPGDS² GSTM5² GSTM2²

6 SIMAP similar genes for GSTA1 using alignment to 1 protein entry: GSTA1_HUMAN:

GSTA2 GSTA5 GSTalpha locus GSTA3 GSTA4 GSTP1

GSTA1 for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
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SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 6 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs188729313^1,2		--	52655709(+)	`GCTGCA/CGGTAG`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs6904269^1,2	C,F,A,H,	--	52655827(+)	`GATTAA/GCACTA`	1	--	ds500¹		16		NS NA WA CSA EA	1164
rs181623809^1,2		--	52655833(+)	`CACTAC/TGGGAC`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs186757379^1,2		--	52655841(+)	`GACCAA/GTATGG`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs192060176^1,2		--	52655918(+)	`TTTGCA/GTATAG`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs73740638^1,2	C,,	--	52655933(+)	`TTGTAT/CTTCAC`	1	--	ds500¹		2		WA	120
rs112363622^1,2		--	52655945(+)	`TATACC/AATCTG`	1	--	ds500¹		1		CSA	2
rs6908788^1,2	C,	--	52655955(+)	`GTATCT/GTGGCA`	1	--	ds500¹		9		NA WA CSA EA	134
rs6931329^1,2	C,H,	--	52656000(+)	`AGGCTC/TATGCC`	1	--	ds500¹		12		NA WA CSA EA	373
rs144195544^1,2		--	52656037(+)	`AGAGTA/GAGGAT`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for GSTA1 (52656178 - 52668708 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 4 variations for GSTA1
3 CNVs: 2630 8515 99540
1 Indel: 43717
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): GSTA1

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QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing GSTA1

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(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
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GSTA1 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 138359    OMIM disorders: --

20/45 diseases for GSTA1 (see all 45):    About MalaCards

diffuse large b-cell lymphoma b-cell lymphomas familial adenomatous polyposis urinary bladder cancer

toxic encephalopathy atrial fibrillation myeloid leukemia chronic myeloid leukemia

acute myeloid leukemia cushing's syndrome liver disease cystic fibrosis

benign tumors polyposis schistosomiasis albinism

down syndrome neurodegenerative disease colorectal cancer brain disease

10 Novoseek disease relationships for GSTA1 gene About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
cancer	13	2	20056632 (1), 15746160 (1)
bladder cancer	12.9	6	11061940 (5), 20204301 (1)
breast cancer	8.32	14	16624829 (3), 18414193 (3), 12516103 (2), 19440493 (2)
colorectal cancer	3.91	1	16886896 (1)
cancer lung	0	3	15808404 (1), 17086718 (1)
inflammation	0	3	18636040 (2), 17021248 (1)
liver diseases	0	4	9049444 (2), 9727173 (2)
adenocarcinoma	0	3	11550208 (3)
tumors	0	4	11061940 (2), 11297599 (1), 18414193 (1)
prostate cancer	0	3	20056632 (2), 15616829 (1)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): GSTA1
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: GSTA1 (83 documents)

Export disorders for GSTA1 gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
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PubMed articles for GSTA1 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 228):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with GSTA1)

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Glutathione S-transferase A1 polymorphisms and acute graft-vs.-host disease in HLA-matched sibling allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. (PubMed id 17425746)^{1, 7, 9} Kim I....Kim B.K. (2007)
Association between a glutathione S-transferase A1 promoter polymorphism and survival after breast cancer treatment. (PubMed id 12516103)^{1, 4, 9} Sweeney C....Coles B.F. (2003)
Effect of polymorphism in the human glutathione S-transferase A1 promoter on hepatic GSTA1 and GSTA2 expression. (PubMed id 11692074)^{1, 4, 9} Coles B.F....Kadlubar F.F. (2001)
Human glutathione S-transferase A2 polymorphisms: variant expression, distribution in prostate cancer cases/controls and a novel form. (PubMed id 15128049)^{1, 4, 9} Ning B....Coles B. (2004)
Common genetic variants of microsomal epoxide hydrolase affect warfarin dose requirements beyond the effect of cytochrome P450 2C9. (PubMed id 15900282)^{1, 4, 9} Loebstein R....Almog S. (2005)
Fine mapping of the autosomal recessive polycystic ki dney disease locus (PKHD1) and the genes MUT, RDS, CSNK2 beta, and GSTA1 at 6p2 1.1-p12. (PubMed id 9503014)^{1, 3, 9} MA1cher G....Zerres K. (1998)
Genetic analysis of glutathione S-transferase A1 polymorphism in the Chinese population and the influence of genotype on enzymatic properties. (PubMed id 16280386)^{1, 4, 9} Ping J....Liu Z.S. (2006)
Genetic polymorphisms in CYP1B1, GSTA1, NQO1 and NAT2 and the risk of lung cancer. (PubMed id 15808404)^{1, 4, 9} Sorensen M....Raaschou-Nielsen O. (2005)
Human glutathione S-transferase A1, T1, M1, and P1 polymorphisms and susceptibility to prostate cancer in the Japanese population. (PubMed id 15616829)^{1, 4, 9} Komiya Y....Katoh T. (2005)
Genetic analysis of glutathione S-transferase A1 and T1 polymorphisms in a Japanese population. (PubMed id 15202795)^{1, 4, 9} Matsuno K....Iga T. (2004)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
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Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
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(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 2938	HGNC: 4626	AceView: GSTA2andGSTA3andGSTA5	Ensembl:ENSG00000243955	euGenes: HUgn2938
ECgene: GSTA1	Kegg: 2938	H-InvDB: GSTA1

(According to HUGE)
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(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
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Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for GSTA1	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for GSTA1	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

Intellectual Property for GSTA1 gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

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Patent Information for GSTA1 gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving GSTA1

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

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glutathione S-transferase alpha 1

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GSTA1 Gene

glutathione S-transferase alpha 1

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