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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

GRM1 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 70
GCID: GC06P146390

glutamate receptor, metabotropic 1
 Explore 37 diseases affiliated with
GRM1 via
MalaCards
our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for GRM1    

Aliases
for GRM1 gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Glutamate Receptor, Metabotropic 11 2     MGLUR1A2
MGLUR11 2 3 5     SCAR132
GPRC1A1 2 3     Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 12
MGlu11     MGluR11
GRM1A2 5     

External Ids:    HGNC: 45931   Entrez Gene: 29112   Ensembl: ENSG000001528227   OMIM: 6044735   UniProtKB: Q132553   

Export aliases for GRM1 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC06P145973 GC06P146196 GC06P146330 GC06P143912


Summaries
for GRM1 gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for GRM1:
L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and activates both ionotropic and
metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function
and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of G
protein-coupled receptors, that have been divided into 3 groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal
transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties. Group I includes GRM1 and GRM5 and these receptors have been
shown to activate phospholipase C. Group II includes GRM2 and GRM3 while Group III includes GRM4, GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8.
Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of the cyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist
selectivities. The canonical alpha isoform of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 gene is a disulfide-linked
homodimer whose activity is mediated by a G-protein-coupled phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system.
Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms; some of which may have
distinct functions. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GRM1_HUMAN, Q13255
Function: Receptor for glutamate. The activity of this receptor is mediated by a G-protein that activates a
phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. May participate in the central action of glutamate in the CNS,
such as long-term potentiation in the hippocampus and long-term depression in the cerebellum

summary for GRM1:
Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) group I receptors are members of the metabotropic class of glutamate
receptors, which also includes mGlu group II and mGlu group III receptors. mGlu group I receptors are
divided into two subtypes, mGlu1 and mGlu5. The receptors are coupled to Gq/11 which activates phospholipase
C and they are also associated with Na+ and K+ channels. Their action is generally excitatory, increasing
conductance, causing more glutamate to be released from the presynaptic cell. They can also increase
inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs), inhibit glutamate release and can modulate voltage-dependent
calcium channels. Group I mGluRs, unlike other groups, are activated by 3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG),
allowing their function to be isolated. The human genes for mGlu1 and mGlu5 receptors have been localized to
chromosomes 6 (6q24) and 11 (11q14.3) respectively.

Gene Wiki entry for GRM1 (Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1)


Genomic Views
for GRM1 gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000006.11  NC_018917.1  NT_025741.15  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the GRM1 gene promoter:
         CREB   AML1a   HFH-1   FOXJ2 (long isoform)   HTF   deltaCREB   FOXJ2   LCR-F1   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: GRM1 promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for GRM1

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat GRM1


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 6q24   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  6q24.3   HGNC cytogenetic band: 6q24

GRM1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
GRM1 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 6         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC06P146390:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 146,348,782 bp from pter      End:
 146,758,734 bp from pter
Size:
 409,953 bases      Orientation:
 plus strand

Proteins
for GRM1 gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GRM1_HUMAN, Q13255 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 precursor  
Size: 1194 amino acids; 132357 Da
Subunit: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. The PPXXF motif binds HOMER1, HOMER2 and HOMER3. Interacts with SIAH1, RYR1,
RYR2, ITPR1, SHANK1, SHANK3 and GRASP (By similarity)
Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein
1 PDB 3D structure from and Proteopedia for GRM1:
3KS9 (3D)    
Secondary accessions: B9EG79 Q13256 Q14757 Q14758 Q5VTF7 Q5VTF8 Q9NU10 Q9UGS9 Q9UGT0
Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms:  Q13255-1   Q13255-2   (Ref.1 (AAA87844) sequence is in conflict in positions: 896:T->S and 904:V->A)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for GRM1: NX_Q13255

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q13255

    • GRM1 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_000829.2  NP_001107801.1  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000424095   ENSP00000282753   ENSP00000347437   ENSP00000425599   ENSP00000354896  
     ENSP00000376119  
    Reactome Protein details: Q13255
    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
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    OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: GRM1
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    Novus Biologicals GRM1 Protein
    Novus Biologicals GRM1 Lysate
    Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
    Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
    Uscn Proteins for GRM1

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/11 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 11):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005634nucleus IEA--
    GO:0005792microsome ----
    GO:0005886plasma membrane TAS--
    GO:0005887integral to plasma membrane TAS7476890
    GO:0014069postsynaptic density IEA--


    GRM1 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    GRM1 Antibody Products: 
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    ThermoFisher Antibody for GRM1

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    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for GRM1

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for GRM1 gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    GRM1 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    5/8 InterPro domains/families (see all 8):
     IPR011500 GPCR_3_9-Cys_dom
     IPR000337 GPCR_3
     IPR017979 GPCR_3_CS
     IPR019588 Metabotropic_Glu_rcpt_Homer-bd
     IPR001256 GPCR_3_mtglu_rcpt_1

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q13255

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q13255

    4 Blocks protein families:
    IPB000162 Metabotropic glutamate receptor signature
    IPB000337 G-protein coupled receptors family 3 (Metabotropic glutamate receptor-like)
    IPB001256 Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 signature
    IPB001828 Extracellular ligand-binding receptor


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GRM1_HUMAN, Q13255
    Similarity: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 3 family


    Function
    for GRM1 gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GRM1_HUMAN, Q13255
    Function: Receptor for glutamate. The activity of this receptor is mediated by a G-protein that activates a
    phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. May participate in the central action of glutamate in the CNS,
    such as long-term potentiation in the hippocampus and long-term depression in the cerebellum

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for GRM1:
    metabotropic glutamate receptor 1,expressed in the brain,G protein coupled receptor superfamily,binding to HOMER
    proteins and linked to inositol phosphate receptors,activating PI turnover and triggering intracellular calcium
    release,

    miRNA
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    hsa-miR-323-3p hsa-miR-300 hsa-miR-139-5p hsa-miR-218 hsa-miR-570 hsa-miR-509-3-5p hsa-miR-181b hsa-miR-3163
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: GRM1 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for GRM1 (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: GRM1
    OriGene siRNA: GRM1
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    Gene Editing
    Products:    		DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for GRM1

    Clone
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    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat GRM1 

    Cell Line
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    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for GRM1

    In Situ Assay
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         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for GRM1

    Gene Ontology (GO): 4 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0004930G-protein coupled receptor activity TAS7476890
    GO:0005515protein binding ----
    GO:0008066glutamate receptor activity TAS7476890
    GO:0030331estrogen receptor binding ----


    GRM1 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    1 GenomeRNAi human phenotype for GRM1:
     Increased gamma-H2AX phosphory 

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-outs for GRM1: Grm1tm1Stl Grm1tm1Crpl
         11 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 11 alleles) (MGI details for Grm1):
     adipose tissue  behavior/neurological  growth/size  homeostasis/metabolism  mortality/aging 
     muscle  nervous system  renal/urinary system  reproductive system  skeleton 
     vision/eye 

    GRM1 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    Pathways & Interactions
    for GRM1 gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/16 super-pathways (see all 16) About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors)
    		Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors)1.00
    		Synaptic Neurotransmission: Glutamatergic Excitation0.33
    		GPCRs, Class C Metabotropic glutamate, pheromone0.58
    2Signaling by GPCR
    		Signaling by GPCR1.00
    		Signal Transduction0.56
    3Neurophysiological process Glutamate regulation of Dopamine D1A receptor signaling
    		Neurophysiological process Glutamate regulation of Dopamine D1A receptor signaling1.00
    		Neurophysiological process_Glutamate regulation of Dopamine D1A receptor signaling0.98
    4Signaling in Gap Junctions
    		Signaling in Gap Junctions1.00
    		Gap junction0.31
    5Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
    		GPCR ligand binding0.75
    		Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction0.38

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    2 EMD Millipore Pathways for GRM1
        Neurophysiological process Glutamate regulation of Dopamine D1A receptor signaling
    Glutamic acid signaling

    1 R&D Systems Pathway for GRM1
        Synaptic Neurotransmission: Glutamatergic Excitation

    3 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for GRM1
        Neuropathic Pain-Signaling in Dorsal Horn Neurons
    CREB Pathway
    Signaling in Gap Junctions

    1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for GRM1
        Neuroscience

    1 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathway for GRM1
        Neurophysiological process Glutamate regulation of Dopamine D1A receptor signaling

    3 BioSystems Pathways for GRM1 
        Hypothetical Network for Drug Addiction
    GPCRs, Other
    GPCRs, Class C Metabotropic glutamate, pheromone

    4        Reactome Pathways for GRM1
        Signal Transduction
    Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors)
    Signaling by GPCR
    GPCR ligand binding


    5/7         Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for GRM1) (see all 7):
        Calcium signaling pathway
    Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction
    Gap junction
    Long-term potentiation
    Glutamatergic synapse


    GRM1 for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for GRM1

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/45 Interacting proteins for GRM1 (Q132552, 3 ENSP000002827534) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 45)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    KPNA1P522942, 3, ENSP000003437014MINT-6803357 MINT-6803320 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000343701
    KPNA3O005052, 3, ENSP000002616674MINT-6803333 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000261667
    HOMER1Q86YM73, ENSP000003343824I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000334382
    ADORA1P305423, ENSP000003085494I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000308549
    GAPDHP044063, ENSP000002292394I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000229239
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/12 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 12):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000186activation of MAPKK activity IEA--
    GO:0000187activation of MAPK activity IEA--
    GO:0007186G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway TAS7476890
    GO:0007268synaptic transmission TAS9076744
    GO:0007626locomotory behavior IEA--


    GRM1 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for GRM1 gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    GRM1 for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Enzo Life Sciences drugs & compounds for GRM1

    Compounds for GRM1 available from Tocris Bioscience    About this table
    CompoundAction CAS #
    YM 298198 hydrochloride Highly potent, selective non-competitive mGlu1 antagonist [748758-45-4]
    CPCCOEtSelective non-competitive mGlu1 receptor antagonist[179067-99-3]
    JNJ 16259685 Extremely potent, mGlu1-selective non-competitive antagonist [409345-29-5]
    LY 367385Selective mGlu1a antagonist[198419-91-9]
    A 841720Selective mGlu1 antagonist[869802-58-4]

    2 HMDB Compounds for GRM1    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    CalciumCa (see all 2)7440-70-2--
    L-Glutamic acid(2S)-2-Aminopentanedioate (see all 49)56-86-0--

    3 DrugBank Compounds for GRM1    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #TypeActionsPubMed Ids
    4-(1-Amino-1-Carboxy-Ethyl)-Benzoic Acid-- --target--17139284 17016423 10592235
    L-Glutamic Acid(2S)-2-Aminopentanedioic acid (see all 15)56-86-0target--17331504 16751798 17360958
    Acamprosate3-(Acetylamino)propanesulphonic acid (see all 3)77337-76-9targetantagonist17139284 17016423

    10/35 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for GRM1 gene (see all 35)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    ly367385 90 13 15140199 (4), 15182196 (2), 11414795 (1), 19474170 (1) (see all 7)
    glutamate 89.1 381 9692717 (7), 15182196 (6), 11961129 (5), 9639261 (4) (see all 99)
    cpccoet 87.5 12 17292864 (2), 10051528 (1), 10835431 (1), 11414795 (1) (see all 8)
    2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine 82.1 2 12815014 (1), 11880516 (1)
    quisqualate 77.5 15 8093260 (3), 15184361 (2), 8103516 (2), 8528465 (1) (see all 8)
    nmda 69.1 49 16699816 (3), 19403613 (3), 16489129 (2), 11487629 (2) (see all 26)
    ganciclovir 64.8 8 18094230 (1), 19474170 (1), 16023154 (1), 11387401 (1) (see all 8)
    chpg 57.3 1 10428410 (1)
    inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate 56.9 7 11461909 (1), 12586823 (1), 16234485 (1), 10798399 (1) (see all 7)
    gaba 52.3 6 19415487 (2), 10923987 (1), 16982110 (1), 9065826 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about GRM1 

    Transcripts
    for GRM1 gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for GRM1 gene (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_000838.3  NM_001114329.1  

    Unigene Cluster for GRM1:

    Glutamate receptor, metabotropic 1
    Hs.32945  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001114329
    8 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000507005(uc010khu.1) ENST00000502405 ENST00000492807(uc003qll.2 uc011edz.1 uc011eea.1)
    ENST00000282753 ENST00000355289 ENST00000507907 ENST00000361719(uc010khw.1)
    ENST00000392299(uc010khv.1)

    miRNA
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    8/42 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate GRM1 (see all 42):
    hsa-miR-323-3p hsa-miR-300 hsa-miR-139-5p hsa-miR-218 hsa-miR-570 hsa-miR-509-3-5p hsa-miR-181b hsa-miR-3163
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: GRM1 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:             		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for GRM1 (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: GRM1
    OriGene siRNA: GRM1
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat GRM1
    Clone
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    Primer
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    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AB208837.1 AK308550.1 BC136280.1 BC143777.1 BC143779.1 L76627.1 L76631.1 U31215.1 
    U31216.1 

    2 DOTS entries:

    DT.102836021  DT.87046965 

    19 AceView cDNA sequences:

    L76631 AA322702 AL118996 BX477925 CD609632 BX954545 L76627 U31216 
    BV183579 U31215 NM_000838 CB990979 CD609625 CD609630 AV730666 CD609627 
    CD609622 CD609624 CD609619 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    2 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for GRM1    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1 ^ 2a · 2b ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5 ^ 6 ^ 7 ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10a · 10b
    SP1:                                                                        
    SP2:                                                        -               


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for GRM1

    Expression
    for GRM1 gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    GRM1 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: CTTATTTTTT

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)
    About this image

    GRM1 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    1 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartment/Cell 
    Tissue Anatomical Compartment CellCategory (developmental path)
    EyeInner Nuclear LayerGABAergic Amacrine CellsAmacrine, Retina
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization

    See GRM1 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for GRM1

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.32945
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including GRM1 (see all 6): 
              Neurotransmitter Receptors in human mouse rat
              G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling PathwayFinder in human mouse rat
              G Protein Coupled Receptors 384HT in human mouse rat
              GABA & Glutamate in human mouse rat
              Gap Junctions in human mouse rat

    Primer
    Products:    		 OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for GRM1
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    QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat GRM1
    In Situ
    Assay Products:     
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for GRM1

    Orthologs
    for GRM1 gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

    Orthologs for GRM1 gene from 5/19 species (see all 19)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves GRM11 glutamate receptor, metabotropic 1 79.4(n)
    87.76(a)    		   421614  XM_419652.2  XP_419652.2 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia GRM16
    		 --
    		 89(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 1(207224332-207402339)
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii grm11 glutamate receptor, metabotropic 1 70.79(n)
    74.91(a)    		   100150246  XM_001921559.3  XP_001921594.3 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)    		 Insecta CG303613 metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling
    pathway more    		 41(a)     --
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)    		 Secernentea mgl-26
    		 Metabotropic GLutamate receptor family member (mgl...
    		 36(a)
    		 1 → many
    		 I(10384210-10391386)


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for GRM1 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for GRM1 (if available) 

    Paralogs
    for GRM1 gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for GRM1 gene
    GRM72  GRM42  GRM62  GRM82  GRM22  GRM52  GRM32  
    10 SIMAP similar genes for GRM1 using alignment to 2 protein entries:     GRM1_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    GRM5    GRM8    GRM3    DKFZp686H1993    GRM2    GRM7
    GRM6    GRM4    GPCR    CASR

    GRM1 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for GRM1 gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/6471 NCBI SNPs in GRM1 are shown (see all 6471)     About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 6 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    rs1493860641,2
    		Cother166331369(+) CAGATC/TGCTTA 4 I syn11Minor allele frequency- T:0.00NA 4550
    rs1136336131,2
    		--143910012(+) ACAATG/ATTTCT 2 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- A:0.00CSA 1
    rs793447751,2
    		C,--143911058(+) AAAGAA/C/TCTTTT 2 -- us2k12NA EA 122
    rs69091821,2
    		H--143911419(+) CTGTAG/AGGAAG 2 -- us2k14Minor allele frequency- A:0.00NS EA 420
    rs1171394111,2
    		C,F,--143911979(+) CCCTCC/TCCCTC 2 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- T:0.02NA 120
    rs38111041,2
    		C,F,H,--143912903(+) AACAAG/ATTACC 2 -- int17Minor allele frequency- A:0.02NS EA 866
    rs69205291,2
    		C,F,--143913371(+) TGAGGA/GCAGAG 2 -- int11Minor allele frequency- G:0.11WA 118
    rs121901091,2
    		C,H--143913977(+) GTCGTC/ATCAGC 4 /Y /S mis1 ese35Minor allele frequency- A:0.00NS EA NA 418
    rs798042291,2
    		F,--143914820(+) TTCCAT/CGCAAA 2 -- int11Minor allele frequency- C:0.02WA 118
    rs1176143041,2
    		C,F,--143916647(+) TTTCTG/ACCTTC 2 -- int11Minor allele frequency- A:0.03NA 120

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for GRM1 (146348782 - 146598782 bp, first 250kb of GRM1)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
    Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 3 variations for GRM1
         2 CNVs: 0092 64679
         1 Indel: 11269
    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): GRM1

    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
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    Disorders / Diseases
    for GRM1 gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    GRM1 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 604473    OMIM disorders: --

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GRM1_HUMAN, Q13255
  • Defects in GRM1 are the cause of spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive, 13 (SCAR13) [MIM:614831].
    • Spinocerebellar ataxia is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of cerebellar disorders. Patients show
    progressive incoordination of gait and often poor coordination of hands, speech and eye movements, due to degeneration
    of the cerebellum with variable involvement of the brainstem and spinal cord. SCAR13 is characterized by delayed
    psychomotor development beginning in infancy. Affected individuals show mild to profound mental retardation with poor
    or absent speech as well as gait and stance ataxia and hyperreflexia

    20/37 diseases for GRM1 (see all 37):    About MalaCards
    hypocalcemia, autosomal dominant    disuse ambylopia    hypothalamic hamartomas    temporal lobe epilepsy
    epilepsies, partial    hypocalcemia    precocious puberty    fragile x syndrome
    intractable epilepsy    amyotrophic lateral sclerosis    lateral sclerosis    psychotic disorder
    hypercalcemia    cerebellar ataxia    neurodegenerative disease    pick's disease
    parkinson's disease    bipolar disorder    neurodegeneration    albinism

    2 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for GRM1:
    Fragile X syndrome     Disuse amblyopia

    10/16 Novoseek disease relationships for GRM1 gene (see all 16)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    hypocalcemia, autosomal dominant 81.3 1 12890593 (1)
    neurodegenerative diseases 31.3 1 10668448 (1)
    cns diseases 30.6 3 16178731 (1)
    epilepsy temporal lobe 20.7 3 17446080 (2), 10744030 (1)
    neurodegeneration 18 2 17265692 (1), 10530809 (1)
    epilepsy 15.7 2 16563443 (2)
    parkinson disease 9.04 1 11786307 (1)
    schizophrenia 4.93 3 15945063 (2), 16699816 (1)
    necrosis 4.04 1 17168764 (1)
    tumors 1.58 2 17168764 (1), 20061814 (1)

    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: GRM1 (13 documents)

    Export disorders for GRM1 gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for GRM1 gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for GRM1 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 323):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with GRM1)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Human metabotropic glutamate receptor 1: mRNA distribution, chromosome localization and functional expression of two splice variants. (PubMed id 9076744)1, 2, 3, 9 Stephan D.... Pruss R.M. (1996)
    2. Cys-140 is critical for metabotropic glutamate receptor-1 dimerization. (PubMed id 10945991)1, 2, 9 Ray K. and Hauschild B.C. (2000)
    3. Expression of a novel splice variant of human mGluR1 in the cerebellum. (PubMed id 9376535)1, 3, 9 Makoff A.J....Emson P. (1997)
    4. Autosomal-recessive congenital cerebellar ataxia is caused by mutations in metabotropic glutamate receptor 1. (PubMed id 22901947)1, 2 Guergueltcheva V.... Kalaydjieva L. (2012)
    5. The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. (PubMed id 14574404)1, 2 Mungall A.J.... Beck S. (2003)
    6. Cloning and expression of a human metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 alpha: enhanced coupling on co-transfection with a glutamate transporter. (PubMed id 7476890)1, 2 Desai M.A.... Schoepp D.D. (1995)
    7. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 internalization induced by muscarinic acetylcholine receptor activation: differential dependency of internalization of splice variants on nonvisual arrestins. (PubMed id 11961129)1, 9 Mundell S.J....Kelly E. (2002)
    8. The metabotropic glutamate receptor 1, GRM1: evaluati on as a candidate gene for inherited forms of cerebellar ataxia. (PubMed id 19924463)1, 9 Rossi P.I....Puliti A. (2010)
    9. Pharmacological characterization of a new, orally active and potent allosteric metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 antagonist, 4-[1-(2-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]-N-i sopropyl-N-methyl-3,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxamide (FTIDC). (PubMed id 17360958)7, 9 Suzuki G....Ohta H. (2007)
    10. Phosphorylation-independent regulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 signaling requires g protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 binding to the second intracellular loop. (PubMed id 15870073)1, 9 Dhami G.K....Ferguson S.S. (2005)

    External Searches for GRM1 gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
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      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing GRM1 gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 2911 HGNC: 4593 AceView: GRM1 Ensembl:ENSG00000152822 euGenes: HUgn2911
    ECgene: GRM1 Kegg: 2911 H-InvDB: GRM1

    Other Databases showing GRM1 gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing GRM1 gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for GRM1 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    Intellectual Property
    for GRM1 gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for GRM1 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving GRM1

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



    Products
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    About This Section

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