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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

GREM2 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 54
GCID: GC01M240652

gremlin 2, DAN family BMP antagonist

(Previous names: gremlin 2, cysteine knot superfamily, homolog (Xenopus...)
 Explore 12 diseases affiliated with
GREM2 via
MalaCards
our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for GREM2    

Aliases
for GREM2 gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Gremlin 2, DAN Family BMP Antagonist1 2     DAN Domain Family Member 32 3
CKTSF1B21 2 3     FLJ211951
DAND31 2 3     Prdc1
PRDC2 3 5     Gremlin 2, Cysteine Knot Superfamily, Homolog (Xenopus Laevis)1
Gremlin 21 2     Gremlin 2, Cysteine Knot Superfamily, Homolog2
Cysteine Knot Superfamily 1, BMP Antagonist 22 3     Gremlin-21
Protein Related To DAN And Cerberus2 3     

External Ids:    HGNC: 176551   Entrez Gene: 643882   Ensembl: ENSG000001808757   OMIM: 6088325   UniProtKB: Q9H7723   

Export aliases for GREM2 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC01M236979 GC01M238719 GC01M211110


Summaries
for GREM2 gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for GREM2:
This gene encodes a member of the BMP (bone morphogenic protein) antagonist family. Like BMPs, BMP antagonists contain
cystine knots and typically form homo- and heterodimers. The CAN (cerberus and dan) subfamily of BMP antagonists, to
which this gene belongs, is characterized by a C-terminal cystine knot with an eight-membered ring. The antagonistic
effect of the secreted glycosylated protein encoded by this gene is likely due to its direct binding to BMP proteins.
As an antagonist of BMP, this gene may play a role in regulating organogenesis, body patterning, and tissue
differentiation. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GREM2_HUMAN, Q9H772
Function: Cytokine that inhibits the activity of BMP2 and BMP4 in a dose-dependent manner. Antagonized BMP4-induced
suppression of progesterone production in granulosa cells (By similarity)




Genomic Views
for GREM2 gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000001.10  NC_018912.1  NT_167186.1  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the GREM2 gene promoter:
         USF1   HOXA3   CUTL1   RORalpha1   S8   IRF-2   GATA-6   FOXO1a   SEF-1 (1)   FOXO1   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: GREM2 promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for GREM2

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat GREM2


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 1q43   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  1q43   HGNC cytogenetic band: 1q43

GREM2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
GREM2 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 1         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC01M240652:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 240,652,873 bp from pter      End:
 240,775,462 bp from pter
Size:
 122,590 bases      Orientation:
 minus strand

Proteins
for GREM2 gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GREM2_HUMAN, Q9H772 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Gremlin-2 precursor  
Size: 168 amino acids; 19320 Da
Subunit: Interacts with BMP2 and BMP4 (By similarity)
Subcellular location: Secreted (Probable)
Secondary accessions: Q86UD9

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for GREM2: NX_Q9H772

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q9H772

    • GREM2 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins: NP_071914.3  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000318650  
    Reactome Protein details: Q9H772
    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
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    Novus Biologicals GREM2 Proteins
    Novus Biologicals GREM2 Lysates
    Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
    Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
    Uscn Proteins for GREM2

    Gene Ontology (GO): 2 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005576extracellular region TAS--
    GO:0005615extracellular space IEA--


    GREM2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    GREM2 Antibody Products: 
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    Novus Biologicals GREM2 Antibodies
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    Uscn Antibodies for GREM2
    Search ThermoFisher Antibodies for GREM2

    Assay Products for GREM2: 
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    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for GREM2

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for GREM2 gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    GREM2 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    3 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR006207 Cys_knot_C
     IPR004133 DAN
     IPR017159 Gremlin_precursor

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q9H772

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q9H772

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GREM2_HUMAN, Q9H772
    Similarity: Belongs to the DAN family
    Similarity: Contains 1 CTCK (C-terminal cystine knot-like) domain


    Function
    for GREM2 gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GREM2_HUMAN, Q9H772
    Function: Cytokine that inhibits the activity of BMP2 and BMP4 in a dose-dependent manner. Antagonized BMP4-induced
    suppression of progesterone production in granulosa cells (By similarity)

    miRNA
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    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat GREM2
    8/50 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate GREM2 (see all 50):
    hsa-miR-323-3p hsa-miR-579 hsa-miR-429 hsa-miR-1260b hsa-miR-374a hsa-miR-500a hsa-miR-449a hsa-miR-10b*
    Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids
    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for GREM2 (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: GREM2
    OriGene siRNA: GREM2
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat GREM2

    Gene Editing
    Products:    		DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for GREM2

    Clone
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    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for GREM2 (see all 3)
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    OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling 
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    Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for GREM2
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    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat GREM2 

    Cell Line
    Products:             		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for GREM2
    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for GREM2

    In Situ Assay
    Products:       
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for GREM2

    Gene Ontology (GO): 1 molecular function term (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005125cytokine activity IEA--


    GREM2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    2 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for GREM2:
     Decreased viability with pacli  Large nuclei 


    Pathways & Interactions
    for GREM2 gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways  About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Signaling by BMP
    		Signaling by BMP1.00
    2Signaling by GPCR
    		Signal Transduction0.56

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways


    2        Reactome Pathways for GREM2
        Signal Transduction
    Signaling by BMP



    GREM2 for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        Search SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Networks for GREM2

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 6)

    5/6 Interacting proteins for GREM2 (Q9H7723 ENSP000003186504) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 6)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    BMP4P126443, ENSP000002454514I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000245451
    BMP2P126433, ENSP000003681044I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000368104
    CER1ENSP000003702974STRING: ENSP00000370297
    NOGENSP000003281814STRING: ENSP00000328181
    FSTL1ENSP000002956334STRING: ENSP00000295633
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 1 biological process term (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0030509BMP signaling pathway TAS--


    GREM2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for GREM2 gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    GREM2 for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for GREM2
    2 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for GREM2 gene    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    cystine 58.8 1 11179006 (1)
    cysteine 37.3 7 15254711 (2), 15806314 (1), 14525956 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about GREM2 

    Transcripts
    for GREM2 gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for GREM2 gene: 
    NM_022469.3  

    Unigene Cluster for GREM2:

    Gremlin 2
    Hs.98206  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_022469
    1 Ensembl transcript including schematic representation, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000318160(uc001hys.3)

    miRNA
    Products:             		 OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: GREM2
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    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat GREM2
    8/50 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate GREM2 (see all 50):
    hsa-miR-323-3p hsa-miR-579 hsa-miR-429 hsa-miR-1260b hsa-miR-374a hsa-miR-500a hsa-miR-449a hsa-miR-10b*
    Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids
    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for GREM2 (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: GREM2
    OriGene siRNA: GREM2
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat GREM2
    Clone
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    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for GREM2
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    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: GREM2 (NM_022469)
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for GREM2
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat GREM2 
    Primer
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    Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
    SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat GREM2
      QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat GREM2
      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat GREM2

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AK024848.1 BC046632.1 

    1 DOTS entry:

    DT.40197615 

    24/38 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 38):

    F02679 BQ005641 CA448413 Z43228 AI097232 AK024848 BU158631 CA437861 
    AA778005 N30655 BM805883 BF793224 AA628953 BF064283 W69692 BQ949853 
    AA760931 AI200117 NM_022469 T78690 AI597757 BC046632 AI151500 BG150451 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure


    Expression
    for GREM2 gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    GREM2 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: GAACCCACAC

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)
    About this image

    GREM2 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    Stem Cell Differentiation: 3 LifeMap Cells 
    NameCategory
    Trophoblast-like cells (Generation of tropho...)
    Definitive endoderm-like cells (A scalable, suspensi...)
    Embryoid bodies (Two-step protocol fo...)
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization

    See GREM2 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for GREM2

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.98206
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Array including GREM2: 
              Inflammatory Response & Autoimmunity 384HT in human mouse rat

    Primer
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    In Situ
    Assay Products:     
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for GREM2

    Orthologs
    for GREM2 gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

    Orthologs for GREM2 gene from 4/13 species (see all 13)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves GREM21 gremlin 2 83.63(n)
    83.83(a)    		   421507  XM_419552.3  XP_419552.3 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia GREM26
    		 --
    		 88(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 1(216890811-216891314)
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii prdc2 protein related to DAN and cerberus homolog (mouse) 80.77(n)   378455  BI896369.1 
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)    		 Secernentea F35B12.106
    		 --
    		 13(a)
    		 1 → many
    		 V(11625952-11629304)


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for GREM2 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for GREM2 (if available) 

    Paralogs
    for GREM2 gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for GREM2 gene
    GREM12  NBL12  
    2 SIMAP similar genes for GREM2 using alignment to 1 protein entry:     GREM2_HUMAN:
    GREM1    NBL1

    GREM2 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for GREM2 gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/2365 NCBI SNPs in GREM2 are shown (see all 2365)     About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 1 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    rs168402501,2
    		C,F,H,--240652415(+) CCTCCA/GCTAAA 1 -- ds500110Minor allele frequency- G:0.23NA NS EA CSA 786
    rs1406140061,2
    		C,--240652523(+) TACAC-/TATATAT 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs97283141,2
    		C,A,--240652532(+) tatatA/Tttgtg 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs97286071,2
    		C,A,--240652533(+) atataG/Ttgtgt 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs1431577961,2
    		--240652624(+) AAACTC/TGGGAT 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs1861000221,2
    		--240652646(+) TATGGC/TAGTGA 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs1478606091,2
    		--240652647(+) TGGCA-/GGTGAT 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs1475078481,2
    		--240652673(+) TGTTTC/TGCCTT 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs1401203391,2
    		--240652710(+) TCAGTA/GACATC 1 -- ds50010--------
    rs97296681,2
    		C,F,A,H,--240652757(+) TTCCCG/TTGTTT 1 -- ds500110Minor allele frequency- T:0.18NS EA NA WA 772

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for GREM2 (240652873 - 240775462 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
    Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 1 variation for GREM2
         1 Indel: 44538

    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
    QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing GREM2
    DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for GREM2

    Disorders / Diseases
    for GREM2 gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    GREM2 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 608832    OMIM disorders: --

    12 diseases for GREM2:    About MalaCards
    accommodative esotropia    swine influenza    intraocular retinoblastoma    scimitar syndrome
    norrie disease    esotropia    astigmatism    keratoconus
    multiple sclerosis    myopia    influenza    retinoblastoma

    4 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for GREM2:
    Astigmatism     Myopia     Accommodative esotropia     Keratoconus
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: GREM2 (2 documents)

    Export disorders for GREM2 gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for GREM2 gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for GREM2 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 20):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with GREM2)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Identification and characterization of human CKTSF1B2 and CKTSF1B3 genes in silico. (PubMed id 15254711)1, 2, 9 Katoh M. and Katoh M. (2004)
    2. The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. (PubMed id 16710414)1, 2 Gregory S.G.... Bentley D.R. (2006)
    3. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
    4. Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)1, 2 Ota T.... Sugano S. (2004)
    5. Protein related to DAN and cerberus is a bone morphogenetic protein antagonist that participates in ovarian paracrine regulation. (PubMed id 15039429)1, 3 Sudo S....Hsueh A.J. (2004)
    6. Comparative genomic analysis of the eight-membered ring cystine knot-containing bone morphogenetic protein antagonists. (PubMed id 14525956)1, 9 Avsian-Kretchmer O. and Hsueh A.J. (2004)
    7. Association between chromosome 9p21 variants and the a nkle-brachial index identified by a meta-analysis of 21 genome-wide association studies. (PubMed id 22199011)1 Murabito J.M....Kronenberg F. (2012)
    8. Genome-wide association study of antibody response to smallpox vaccine. (PubMed id 22542470)1 Ovsyannikova I.G....Poland G.A. (2012)
    9. Personalized smoking cessation: interactions between nicotine dose, dependence and quit-success genotype score. (PubMed id 20379614)1 Rose J.E....Uhl G.R. (2010)
    10. Follow-up examination of linkage and association to c hromosome 1q43 in multiple sclerosis. (PubMed id 19626040)1 McCauley J.L....Haines J.L. (2009)

    External Searches for GREM2 gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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    Genome Databases showing GREM2 gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 64388 HGNC: 17655 AceView: GREM2 Ensembl:ENSG00000180875 euGenes: HUgn64388
    ECgene: GREM2 H-InvDB: GREM2

    Other Databases showing GREM2 gene

    (According to HUGE)
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    Specialized Databases showing GREM2 gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for GREM2 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    Intellectual Property
    for GREM2 gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for GREM2 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving GREM2

    GeneCards and IP:
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     GREM2 Proteins, Antibodies, CLIAs, and ELISAs
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