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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

GPD1 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 68
GCID: GC12P050497

Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase 1 (Soluble)

Microbiology & Infectious Diseases Congress

See related diseases
at

MalaCards

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, ¹⁰fRNAdb, ¹²H-InvDB, ¹³NCBI, ¹⁴NONCODE, and/or ¹⁵RNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase 1 (Soluble)¹ ²		Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase [NAD(+)], Cytoplasmic²
GPD-C² ³		Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase [NAD+], Cytoplasmic²
GPDH-C² ³		Glycerophosphate Dehydrogenase²
EC 1.1.1.8³ ⁸		EC 1.1.1⁸
HTGTI²

External Ids:	HGNC: 4455¹	Entrez Gene: 2819²	Ensembl: ENSG00000167588⁷	OMIM: 138420⁵	UniProtKB: P21695³

Export aliases for GPD1 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC12P050792 GC12P050553 GC12P050214 GC12P048784 GC12P047531

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for GPD1 Gene:

This gene encodes a member of the NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family. The encoded protein

plays a critical role in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism by catalyzing the reversible conversion of

dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and reduced nicotine adenine dinucleotide (NADH) to glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P)

and NAD+. The encoded cytosolic protein and mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase also form a glycerol

phosphate shuttle that facilitates the transfer of reducing equivalents from the cytosol to mitochondria.

Mutations in this gene are a cause of transient infantile hypertriglyceridemia. Alternatively spliced transcript

variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. (provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012)

GeneCards Summary for GPD1 Gene:

GPD1 (glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (soluble)) is a protein-coding gene. Diseases associated with GPD1 include lactate dehydrogenase a deficiency, and infantile regressive hypertriglyceridemia and hepatosteatosis, and among its related super-pathways are Glycerophospholipid biosynthesis and Metabolic pathways. GO annotations related to this gene include glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD+] activity and protein homodimerization activity. An important paralog of this gene is GPD1L.

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 73), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000012.11 NC_018923.2 NT_029419.12

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the GPD1 gene promoter:
Lmo2 Olf-1 NF-kappaB AP-2gamma AREB6 S8 FOXC1 HSF2 NF-kappaB1
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: GPD1 promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for GPD1

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat GPD1

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 12q13.12 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 12q13.12 HGNC cytogenetic band: 12q13.12

GPD1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
GPD1 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 12 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC12P050497: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	50,497,602 bp from pter	End:	50,505,102 bp from pter
Size:	7,501 bases	Orientation:	plus strand

(According to UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE ¹MOPED, ²PaxDb, and ³MAXQB RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp., Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, LSBio, Abcam, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GPDA_HUMAN, P21695 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD(+)], cytoplasmic

Size: 349 amino acids; 37568 Da

Subunit: Homodimer

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm

3 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for GPD1:

1WPQ (3D)

1X0V (3D)

1X0X (3D)

Secondary accessions: F8W1L5 Q8N1B0

Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms: P21695-1 P21695-2 (No experimental confirmation available)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for GPD1: NX_P21695

Explore proteomics data for GPD1 at MOPED

Post-translational modifications:

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P21695

4/21 DME Specific Peptides for GPD1 (P21695) (see all 21)

QTPNFRI

GDNTKAA

FVVPHQF

KLTEIIN

GPD1 Protein expression data from MOPED¹, PaxDb² and MAXQB³ : About this image

REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts):

NP_001244128.1 NP_005267.2

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000301149 ENSP00000448244 ENSP00000446768

Reactome Protein details: P21695
Human Recombinant Protein Products for GPD1:

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	Cloud-Clone Corp. Proteins for GPD1

Gene Ontology (GO): 4 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IDA	--
GO:0005739	mitochondrion	IEA	--
GO:0005829	cytosol	TAS	--
GO:0009331	glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase complex	IEA	--

GPD1 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

GPD1 Antibody Products:

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Assay Products for GPD1:

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(According to HGNC, IUPHAR, InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

5/7 InterPro protein domains (see all 7):

IPR008927 6-PGluconate_DH_C-like

IPR006168 G3P_DH_NAD-dep

IPR017751 G3P_DH_NAD-dep_euk

IPR006109 G3P_DH_NAD-dep_C

IPR013328 DH_multihelical

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P21695

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P21695

1 Blocks protein domain: IPB006168 NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GPDA_HUMAN, P21695

Similarity: Belongs to the NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family

GPD1 for domains About GeneDecksing

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, inGenious Targeting Laboratory, genOway,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Sirion Biotech, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, and Sirion Biotech, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Molecular Function:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: GPDA_HUMAN, P21695

Catalytic activity: sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + NAD(+) = glycerone phosphate + NADH

Enzyme regulation: Inhibited by zinc ions and sulfate

Genatlas biochemistry entry for GPD1:

glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,NAD dependent,cytoplasmic

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 1.1.1.8¹ ² EC 1.1.1²

Gene Ontology (GO): 5 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004367	glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD+] activity	IEA	--
GO:0004368	glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity	IEA	--
GO:0016616	oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor	--	--
GO:0042803	protein homodimerization activity	IEA	--
GO:0051287	NAD binding	IEA	--

GPD1 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

Phenotypes:
1 GenomeRNAi human phenotype for GPD1:

Synthetic lethal with Ras

3 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 1 allele) (MGI details for Gpd1):

growth/size

homeostasis/metabolism

reproductive system

GPD1 for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

Animal Models:

inGenious Targeting Laboratory - Custom generated mouse model solutions for GPD1

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genOway customized KO model: permanent, tissue-specific or time-controlled inactivation for GPD1

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		hsa-miR-4291 hsa-miR-4254 hsa-miR-631 hsa-miR-513a-5p hsa-miR-200a hsa-miR-4267 hsa-miR-141 hsa-miR-3148

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: GPD1 3' UTR sequence

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Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for GPD1
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for GPD1

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for GPD1

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Sino Biological, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

SuperPaths for GPD1 About (see all 7)

See pathways by source

SuperPath

Contained pathways About

Glycerophospholipid biosynthesis

	Glycerophospholipid biosynthesis	0.64			Glycerophospholipid metabolism	0.62
	Phospholipid metabolism	0.64

Metabolism

Metabolism

0.40

Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins

0.34

Regulation of Lipid Metabolism by Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha)

Fatty acid, triacylglycerol, and ketone body metabolism

0.52

Fatty Acyl-CoA Biosynthesis

Triglyceride Biosynthesis

0.47

Acyl chain remodelling of PE

Synthesis of PA

0.41

Pathways by source See SuperPaths
Show all pathways

2 BioSystems Pathways for GPD1

	glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle
	Triacylglyceride Synthesis

5/7 Reactome Pathways for GPD1 (see all 7)

	Glycerophospholipid biosynthesis
	Synthesis of PA
	Metabolism
	Phospholipid metabolism
	Triglyceride Biosynthesis

1 Kegg Pathway (Kegg details for GPD1):

Glycerophospholipid metabolism

GPD1 for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

Search SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Networks for GPD1

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 17)

5/46 Interacting proteins for GPD1 (P21695^{2, 3} ENSP00000301149⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 46)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
PTN	P21246²^,³	MINT-63594 I2D: score=5
MDH1	P40925³, ENSP00000233114⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000233114
GPD2	P43304³, ENSP00000308610⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000308610
PEX7	O00628³, ENSP00000315680⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000315680
PSMD4	P55036³	I2D: score=4

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/16 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 16): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005975	carbohydrate metabolic process	--	--
GO:0006072	glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process	--	--
GO:0006094	gluconeogenesis	IEA	--
GO:0006116	NADH oxidation	IEA	--
GO:0006644	phospholipid metabolic process	TAS	--

GPD1 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, Ligands according to IUPHAR, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

GPD1 for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for GPD1 (GPDA)

4 HMDB Compounds for GPD1 About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate	1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propanone phosphate (see all 17)	57-04-5	--
Glycerol 3-phosphate	1-(dihydrogen phosphate) Glycerol (see all 37)	57-03-4	--
NAD	3-Carbamoyl-1-D-ribofuranosylpyridinium hydroxide 5'-ester with adenosine 5'-pyrophosphate (see all 28)	53-84-9	--
NADH	1,4-Dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (see all 17)	58-68-4	--

1 DrugBank Compound for GPD1 About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
NADH	beta-DPNH (see all 18)	606-68-8	target	--	17088060

10/41 Novoseek inferred chemical compound relationships for GPD1 gene (see all 41) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
glycerol 3-phosphate	98	269	10190973 (6), 14605988 (5), 12548942 (5), 2226800 (3) (see all 99)
dhap	67	5	16460752 (2), 18376850 (1)
troglitazone	57.9	3	12861228 (1), 12895585 (1), 16483873 (1)
lipid	57.9	36	14605988 (2), 1976021 (1), 8126079 (1), 9062891 (1) (see all 27)
succinate	56.7	14	8351966 (2), 9431688 (2), 8130177 (1), 7812436 (1) (see all 11)
fatty acid	56.6	29	12643487 (1), 9075710 (1), 11606486 (1), 14605988 (1) (see all 18)
ibmx	56.1	1	12861228 (1)
glycerol	52.8	23	12548942 (5), 7812436 (1), 17242918 (1), 14524727 (1) (see all 5)
6-phosphogluconate	50.4	3	14605988 (1), 12196534 (1), 12604241 (1)
glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate	48.1	6	9831620 (1), 10336621 (1), 1315269 (1), 16913842 (1) (see all 6)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about GPD1 / GPDA

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 236 Homo sapiens; Apr 25 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
Conferences by KenesGroup, exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Sirion Biotech, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for GPD1 gene (2 alternative transcripts):

NM_001257199.1 NM_005276.3

Unigene Cluster for GPD1:

Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (soluble)

Hs.524418 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_005276

7 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000301149(uc001rvz.3 uc001rwa.3) ENST00000547964 ENST00000551939(uc010smp.1)

ENST00000547190 ENST00000548814 ENST00000548152 ENST00000550172

Congresses - knowledge worth sharing:
European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) 10 - 13 May 2014

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		8/41 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate GPD1 (see all 41):
		hsa-miR-4291 hsa-miR-4254 hsa-miR-631 hsa-miR-513a-5p hsa-miR-200a hsa-miR-4267 hsa-miR-141 hsa-miR-3148

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: GPD1 3' UTR sequence

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Additional mRNA sequence:

AK130162.1 AK295911.1 AK312516.1 BC032234.1 L34041.1

5 DOTS entries:

DT.113922 DT.92021196 DT.100785873 DT.95327703 DT.121193033

24/207 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 207):

BM918911 CA306021 CD515894 BP381758 CB154050 AU122033 BI759262 BP381762

CR593251 BM547808 H26339 BQ721700 NM_005276 BP381755 BM701059 BI833137

AA341745 BQ184145 BM672380 BC032234 AW473816 CA427025 BP381824 AI609131

GeneLoc Exon Structure

5/7 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for GPD1 (see all 7) About this scheme

ExUns:	1a	·	1b	·	1c	^	2a	·	2b	^	3	^	4a	·	4b	^	5	^	6	^	7	^	8	^	9	^	10a	·	10b	^	11	^	12a	·	12b	^	13	^	14
SP1:							-		-				-		-										-
SP2:							-		-				-												-
SP3:							-		-				-				-		-						-
SP4:							-						-
SP5:													-						-		-

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for GPD1

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

GPD1 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities) GPD1 embryonic expression: see
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS <intensity>^2/3
CGAP TAG: CCTGGCATCT

About this image

GPD1 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells About this table

Data from LifeMap, the Embryonic Development and Stem Cells Database

5/10 selected tissues (see all 10) fully expand


Kidney (Urinary System) fully expand to see all 13 entries
Loop of Henle Cells Loop of Henle
Proximal Tubule
visceral organ/metanephros/calyx

Lower Urinary Tract (Urinary System) fully expand to see all 5 entries
visceral organ

Adipose (Muscoskeletal System) fully expand to see all 4 entries
Body Subcutaneous White Adipose
Adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction and adipocytes (HiQCell)
Adipocyte

Neural Tube (Nervous System) fully expand to see all 4 entries
Metencephalon
spinal cord/lateral wall/ventricular layer

Brain (Nervous System) fully expand to see all 3 entries
Medulla Oblongata
brain/midbrain/lateral wall

See GPD1 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for GPD1

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.524418

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including GPD1:

Insulin Signaling Pathway in human mouse rat

Fatty Acid Metabolism in human mouse rat

Diabetes in human mouse rat

Molecular Toxicology PathwayFinder 384HT in human mouse rat

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In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for GPD1

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

Orthologs for GPD1 gene from 10/24 species (see all 24) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
mouse (Mus musculus)	Mammalia	Gpd1^{1 , 5}	glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (soluble)^{1, 5}	89.59(n)¹ 93.98(a)¹		15 (56.13 cM)⁵ 14555¹ NM_010271.2¹ NP_034401.1¹ 99717515⁵
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	LOC426881¹	glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD+], cytoplasmic-like less	75.26(n) 79.37(a)		426881 XM_003643117.1 XP_003643165.1
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	GPD1⁶	Uncharacterized protein	84(a)	1 ↔ 1	2(91633778-91651523)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	Xl.2478²	Xenopus laevis, Similar to glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase 1, cytoplasmic adult, clone IMAGE4888802, mRNA, partial cds less	76.12(n)		BC043631.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	wufc30a07²	Danio rerio glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC63859 IMAGE6789017), complete cds less	78.01(n)		BC053116.1
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	Gpdh^{1 , 3}	glycerophosphate shuttle glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) less³ Glycerol 3 phosphate dehydrogenase¹	65(a) (best of 2)³ 67.91(n)¹ 66.67(a)¹		26A3³ 33824¹ NM_057218.3¹ NP_476566.1¹
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)	Secernentea	F47G4.3³ gpdh-2¹	NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase less³ Protein GPDH-2¹	50(a)³ 59.58(n)¹ 61.49(a)¹		I(14083918-14086109)³ 176399¹ NM_181903.4¹ NP_871632.1¹
baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)	Saccharomycetes	GPD1(YDL022W)⁴ GPD1¹	NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, key enzyme of glycerol synthesis, essential for growth under osmotic stress; expression regulated by high-osmolarity glycerol response pathway; homolog of Gpd2p less⁴ Gpd1p¹	53.47(n)¹ 50.76(a)¹		4(411825-413000)⁴ 851539^{1, 4} NP_010262.1^{1, 4}
thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)	eudicotyledons	AT5G40610¹	glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD+]	57.19(n) 53.21(a)		834060 NM_123425.4 NP_198877.1
rice (Oryza sativa)	Liliopsida	Os.24891²	Oryza sativa (japonica cultivar-group) cDNA cloneJ023050E11, full insert sequence less	76.79(n)		AK070366.1

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for GPD1 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for GPD1 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
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Paralogs for GPD1 gene

GPD1L²

1 SIMAP similar gene for GPD1 using alignment to 2 protein entries: GPDA_HUMAN (see all proteins):

GPD1L

GPD1 for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, ⁴UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 12 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
VAR_067426⁴		--	--	see VAR_067426	2	T I	mis⁴		0	--	--	--	--
rs143869720^1,2		--	47534240(+)	`CTCCTG/TTCCCA`	2	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs76583391^1,2	F	--	47534315(+)	`TGCCCA/GGGCTA`	2	--	int¹		3		CSA WA	122
rs189211543^1,2		--	47534507(+)	`GGGTGC/TAGCAA`	2	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs181655504^1,2		--	47534531(+)	`GAGGCA/GGAAGT`	2	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs2232208^1,2	C,F,H	--	47534570(+)	`TCTCTT/CCTGCA`	2	--	int¹ trp³		9		NS EA WA	1306
rs144416246^1,2	F	--	47534685(+)	`GCCGTG/TGGGGC`	4	V	syn¹		1		NA	4550
rs141014044^1,2	C	--	47534718(+)	`TTTGGC/TGACAA`	4	G	syn¹		1		NA	4552
rs201027631^1,2	C	--	47534733(+)	`AAGGCG/AGCAGT`	4	/A	syn¹		1		MN	244
rs34944386^1,2	C	--	47534743(+)	`TGATCC/TGGCTG`	4	R W	mis¹		3		NA	80

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for GPD1 (50497602 - 50505102 bp)

Structural Variations
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for GPD1: --

Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): GPD1

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing GPD1

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for GPD1

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Conferences by KenesGroup, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

OMIM gene information: 138420 OMIM disorders: --

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GPDA_HUMAN, P21695

Hypertriglyceridemia, transient infantile (HTGTI) [MIM:614480]: An autosomal recessive disorder

characterized by onset of moderate to severe transient hypertriglyceridemia in infancy that normalizes with age.

The hypertriglyceridemia is associated with hepatomegaly, moderately elevated transaminases, persistent fatty

liver, and the development of hepatic fibrosis. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene

represented in this entry

20/24 diseases for GPD1 (see all 24): About MalaCards

lactate dehydrogenase a deficiency infantile regressive hypertriglyceridemia and hepatosteatosis hypertriglyceridemia brugada syndrome

sleep apnea cleft lip liposarcoma cleft palate

albinism duodenitis acute leukemia obesity

blindness myopathy colorectal cancer insulin resistance

pneumonia diabetes mellitus tuberculosis alcoholism

GPD1 for disorders About GeneDecksing

3 Novoseek inferred disease relationships for GPD1 gene About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
obesity	53.9	2	20404019 (1), 7857262 (1)
necrosis	0.704	1	9492058 (1)
tumors	0	1	9492058 (1)

Export disorders for GPD1 gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
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PubMed articles for GPD1 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 192):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with GPD1)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Crystal structures of human glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (GPD1). (PubMed id 16460752)^{1, 2, 9} Ou X....Rao Z. (2006)
Sequence conservation and structural organization of the glycerol-3- phosphate dehydrogenase promoter in mice and humans. (PubMed id 2398890)^{1, 2, 9} Gwynn B.... Birkenmeier E.H. (1990)
Transient infantile hypertriglyceridemia, fatty liver, and hepatic fibrosis caused by mutated GPD1, encoding glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1. (PubMed id 22226083)^{1, 2} Basel-Vanagaite L.... Shamir R. (2012)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
Molecular cloning, sequencing and expression of a cDNA encoding a human liver NAD-dependent alpha-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. (PubMed id 7772607)^{1, 2} Menaya J.... Ayuso M.S. (1995)
The influence of obstructive sleep apnea on the expre ssion of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 gene. (PubMed id 20404019)^{1, 9} Guindalini C....Tufik S. (2010)
Ability of cytosolic malate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase to increase the ratio of NADPH to NADH oxidation by cytosolic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. (PubMed id 10190973)^{1, 9} Fahien L.A....Chobanian M. (1999)
GRB14, GPD1, and GDF8 as potential network collaborators in weight loss-induced improvements in insulin action in human skeletal muscle. (PubMed id 16849634)^{1, 9} Park J.J....Hoffman E.P. (2006)
Enhanced glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in adipose tissue of obese humans. (PubMed id 14674682)^{1, 9} Swierczynski J....Sledzinski Z. (2003)
Initial characterization of the human central proteome. (PubMed id 21269460)² Burkard T.R.... Colinge J. (2011)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 2819	HGNC: 4455	AceView: GPD1	Ensembl:ENSG00000167588	euGenes: HUgn2819
ECgene: GPD1	Kegg: 2819	H-InvDB: GPD1

(According to HUGE)
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(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
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Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for GPD1	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

Intellectual Property for GPD1 gene
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Patent Information for GPD1 gene:
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GPD1 Gene

Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase 1 (Soluble)

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Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase 1 (Soluble)

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