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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

GNB3 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 67
GCID: GC12P007045

guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide...

Explore 83 diseases affiliated with
GNB3 via

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our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Guanine Nucleotide Binding Protein (G Protein), Beta Polypeptide 3¹ ²		Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) Beta Subunit 3²
Transducin Beta Chain 3² ³		Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) Subunit Beta-3²
G Protein, Beta-3 Subunit²		Hypertension Associated Protein²
GTP-Binding Regulatory Protein Beta-3 Chain²

External Ids:	HGNC: 4400¹	Entrez Gene: 2784²	Ensembl: ENSG00000111664⁷	OMIM: 139130⁵	UniProtKB: P16520³

Export aliases for GNB3 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC12M007019 GC12M007103 GC12P006828 GC12P006819 GC12P006977 GC12P006981 GC12P006808 GC12P006989 GC12P007001 GC12P007010 GC12P007021

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for GNB3:

Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins), which integrate signals between receptors and effector

proteins, are composed of an alpha, a beta, and a gamma subunit. These subunits are encoded by families of related

genes. This gene encodes a beta subunit. Beta subunits are important regulators of alpha subunits, as well as of

certain signal transduction receptors and effectors. A single-nucleotide polymorphism (C825T) in this gene is

associated with essential hypertension and obesity. This polymorphism is also associated with the occurrence of the

splice variant GNB3-s, which appears to have increased activity. GNB3-s is an example of alternative splicing caused

by a nucleotide change outside of the splice donor and acceptor sites. Additional splice variants may exist for this

gene, but they have not been fully described. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GBB3_HUMAN, P16520

Function: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various

transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of

GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction

summary for GNB3:

Heterotrimeric G proteins are membrane bound GTPases that are linked to 7-TM receptors. Each G protein

contains an alpha-, beta- and gamma-subunit and is bound to GDP in the 'off' state. Ligand-receptor binding

results in detachment of the G protein, switching it to an 'on' state and permitting Galpha activation of

second messenger signalling cascades. There are several types of Galpha proteins; in addition, some

Gbetagamma subunits have active functions. Gbetagamma coupled to H1 receptors can activate PLA2 and

Gbetagamma coupled to M1 receptors can activate KIR channels.

Gene Wiki entry for GNB3

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000012.11 NC_018923.1 NT_009759.16

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the GNB3 gene promoter:
GATA-2 CREB PPAR-alpha PPAR-gamma1 deltaCREB HSF2 PPAR-gamma2 ATF
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: GNB3 promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for GNB3

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat GNB3

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 12p13 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 12p13.31 HGNC cytogenetic band: 12p13

GNB3 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
GNB3 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 12 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC12P007045: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	6,949,118 bp from pter	End:	6,956,557 bp from pter
Size:	7,440 bases	Orientation:	plus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GBB3_HUMAN, P16520 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3

Size: 340 amino acids; 37221 Da

Subunit: G proteins are composed of 3 units, alpha, beta and gamma. Interacts with RASD2

Secondary accessions: Q9BQC0

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for GNB3: NX_P16520

Post-translational modifications:

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P16520

GNB3 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins: NP_002066.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000229264 ENSP00000442002 ENSP00000439753 ENSP00000414734 ENSP00000444325

ENSP00000445967

Reactome Protein details: P16520
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

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	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
	Browse Proteins at Uscn

Gene Ontology (GO): 3 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005886	plasma membrane	TAS	--
GO:0043005	neuron projection	IEA	--
GO:0044297	cell body	IEA	--

GNB3 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

GNB3 Antibody Products:

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	GenScript Custom Assay Services for GNB3
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	Browse ELISAs and CLIAs at Uscn

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

GNB3 for domains About GeneDecksing

5/7 InterPro domains/families (see all 7):

IPR019775 WD40_repeat_CS

IPR016346 Guanine_nucleotide-bd_bsu

IPR001680 WD40_repeat

IPR020472 G-protein_beta_WD-40_rep

IPR001632 Gprotein_B

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P16520

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P16520

2 Blocks protein families:

IPB001632 Beta G-protein (transducin) signature

IPB001680 G-protein beta WD-40 repeat signature

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GBB3_HUMAN, P16520

Similarity: Belongs to the WD repeat G protein beta family

Similarity: Contains 7 WD repeats

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GBB3_HUMAN, P16520

Function: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various

transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of

GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction

Genatlas biochemistry entry for GNB3:

guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein),beta,polypeptide 3,with a shortened splice variant GNB3-s associated

with essential hypertension and susceptibility factor in obesity in Inuits with the 825TT variant

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: GNB3 Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat GNB3
		3 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate GNB3:
		hsa-miR-186* hsa-miR-3675-5p hsa-miR-486-3p
		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: GNB3 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for GNB3 (see first 1) NM_002075 (human cat#: TG312716) BC018239 (mouse cat#: TR515065) BC018239 (mouse cat#: TF515065) BC018239 (mouse cat#: TG515065) NM_021858 (rat cat#: TR710544) NM_021858 (rat cat#: TF710544) NM_021858 (rat cat#: TG710544) OriGene shRNA RFP: GNB3 OriGene siRNA: GNB3
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Gene Editing
Products:

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		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for GNB3

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for GNB3

Gene Ontology (GO): 3 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0003924	GTPase activity	TAS	9425898
GO:0004871	signal transducer activity	IEA	--
GO:0051020	GTPase binding	IPI	19255495

GNB3 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

1 GenomeRNAi human phenotype for GNB3:

Increased gamma-H2AX phosphory

Animal Models:
Mouse knock-out Gnb3^{tm1(KOMP)Vlcg} for GNB3
3 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 1 allele) (MGI details for Gnb3):

mortality/aging

nervous system

vision/eye

GNB3 for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/72 super-pathways (see all 72) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta

8/13 pathways (see all 13)
G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta	1.00	Inhibition of Insulin Secretion by Adrenaline/Noradrenaline	0.55
Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors	0.95	G-protein activation	0.55
Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor	0.77	Glucagon-type ligand receptors	0.52
G-protein beta:gamma signalling	0.71	G-Protein Signaling through Tubby Protein	0.38

Development Angiotensin activation of ERK

8/9 pathways (see all 9)
Development Angiotensin activation of ERK	1.00	Development G-Proteins mediated regulation MARK-ERK signaling	0.66
Development_Angiotensin activation of ERK	0.98	Development_EDNRB signaling	0.54
Development_ACM2 and ACM4 activation of ERK	0.74	Development EDNRB signaling	0.54
Development ACM2 and ACM4 activation of ERK	0.74	Cholinergic synapse	0.30

Development_A3 receptor signaling

Development_A3 receptor signaling	1.00	Development A1 receptor signaling	0.65
Development A3 receptor signaling	1.00	G-protein signaling_G-Protein alpha-q signaling cascades	0.53
Development_A1 receptor signaling	0.65	G-protein signaling G-Protein alpha-q signaling cascades	0.53

G-protein signaling_G-Protein alpha-i signaling cascades

G-protein signaling_G-Protein alpha-i signaling cascades	1.00	Development Beta-adrenergic receptors regulation of ERK	0.55
G-protein signaling G-Protein alpha-i signaling cascades	1.00	G-protein signaling_G-Protein alpha-s signaling cascades	0.44
Development_Beta-adrenergic receptors regulation of ERK	0.55	G-protein signaling G-Protein alpha-s signaling cascades	0.44

Development_Dopamine D2 receptor transactivation of EGFR

Development_Dopamine D2 receptor transactivation of EGFR	1.00	Development Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor activation of ERK	0.66
Development Dopamine D2 receptor transactivation of EGFR	1.00	Chemotaxis_CXCR4 signaling pathway	0.48
Development_Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor activation of ERK	0.66	Chemotaxis CXCR4 signaling pathway	0.48

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

5/31 EMD Millipore Pathways for GNB3 (see all 31)

	Chemotaxis CXCR4 signaling pathway
	Translation Translation regulation by Alpha-1 adrenergic receptors
	Development Activation of ERK by Alpha-1 adrenergic receptors
	Cytoskeleton remodeling Role of PKA in cytoskeleton reorganisation
	Development A1 receptor signaling

5/71 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for GNB3 (see all 71)

	Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
	Intracellular Calcium Signaling
	CDK5 Pathway
	JNK Pathway
	ERK5 Signaling

2 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathways for GNB3

	Ca, cAMP and Lipid Signaling
	Neuroscience

5/34 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for GNB3 (see all 34)

	Signal transduction cAMP signaling
	G-protein signaling Regulation of p38 and JNK signaling mediated by G-proteins
	G-protein signaling G-Protein alpha-i signaling cascades
	Inhibitory action of Lipoxins and Resolvin E1 on neutrophil functions
	Signal transduction Activation of PKC via G-Protein coupled receptor

5 BioSystems Pathways for GNB3

	Myometrial Relaxation and Contraction Pathways
	SIDS Susceptibility Pathways
	G Protein Signaling Pathways
	Calcium Regulation in the Cardiac Cell
	Visual signal transduction- Cones

5/48 Reactome Pathways for GNB3 (see all 48)

	G alpha (12/13) signalling events
	Platelet homeostasis
	G protein gated Potassium channels
	G alpha (z) signalling events
	Inwardly rectifying K+ channels

2 PharmGKB Pathways for GNB3

	Beta-agonist/Beta-blocker Pathway, Pharmacodynamics
	Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor Pathway, Pharmacodynamics

4 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for GNB3):

	Chemokine signaling pathway
	Glutamatergic synapse
	Cholinergic synapse
	Taste transduction

GNB3 for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for GNB3

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/580 Interacting proteins for GNB3 (P16520^{2, 3} ENSP00000229264⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 580)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
GNG3	P63215³, ENSP00000294117⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000294117
GNG5	P63218³, ENSP00000359675⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000359675
ESR2	Q92731³, ENSP00000343925⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000343925
GNG13	Q9P2W3³, ENSP00000248150⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000248150
GNG4	P50150³, ENSP00000355556⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000355556

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/7 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 7): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0006112	energy reserve metabolic process	TAS	--
GO:0006184	GTP catabolic process	TAS	9425898
GO:0007186	G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway	TAS	2107550
GO:0007268	synaptic transmission	TAS	--
GO:0008217	regulation of blood pressure	TAS	9425898

GNB3 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

GNB3 for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Compounds for GNB3 available from Tocris Bioscience About this table

Compound	Action	CAS #
Gallein	Inhibitor of betagamma signaling	[2103-64-2]
GRK2i	GRK2 inhibitory polypeptide. Gbetagamma antagonist	[148505-03-7]

3 HMDB Compounds for GNB3 About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
Guanosine diphosphate	5'-GDP (see all 10)	146-91-8	--
Guanosine monophosphate	5'-GMP (see all 14)	85-32-5	--
Guanosine triphosphate	5'-GTP (see all 10)	86-01-1	--

10/19 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for GNB3 gene (see all 19) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
nppa	62.9	2	17036337 (1), 15699455 (1)
sibutramine	56.7	6	20359253 (2), 19687782 (2)
thiazide	46.9	2	16450155 (1)
sodium	31.5	4	9886871 (1), 11259340 (1), 16002097 (1), 17642146 (1)
guanine	30.4	10	17065478 (2), 15171355 (1), 19301222 (1), 18325076 (1) (see all 5)
clozapine	20.9	6	16141801 (2), 15179018 (1), 18855531 (1)
clonidine	20.7	1	12844135 (1)
hydrochlorothiazide	14.1	1	16450155 (1)
cholesterol	8.22	4	10701813 (2), 11434508 (1), 15042113 (1)
norepinephrine	7.47	3	16513451 (1), 17544870 (1), 17642146 (1)

10/10 PharmGKB related drug/compound annotations for GNB3 gene (see all 10)

Drug/compound	PharmGKB Annotation
atorvastatin	CA
fluvastatin	CA
hmg coa reductase inhibitors	CA
lovastatin	CA
olanzapine	CA
pravastatin	CA
rosuvastatin	CA
sildenafil	CA
simvastatin	CA
sumatriptan	CA

About this table

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about GNB3 / GBB3

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for GNB3 gene:

NM_002075.2

Unigene Cluster for GNB3:

Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide 3

Hs.631657 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: AB209283

9 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000540458(uc001qrc.3) ENST00000229264(uc001qrd.3 uc009zfe.3)

ENST00000541257 ENST00000541978 ENST00000435982 ENST00000539127 ENST00000542868

ENST00000537035 ENST00000542751

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		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: GNB3 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
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		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat GNB3

Clone Products:		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for GNB3 (see all 7) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for GNB3 OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: GNB3 (NM_002075)
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		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat GNB3

Additional cDNA sequence:

AB209283.1 AB593098.1 AB593099.1 AF501884.1 AK313091.1 BC000115.1 BC002454.2 BC015920.1

BT009800.1 M31328.1 U47930.1

10 DOTS entries:

DT.121170390 DT.112163 DT.95155927 DT.121170335 DT.40115198 DT.100779698 DT.40265129 DT.95155920

DT.102841594 DT.215631

9 AceView cDNA sequences:

BC015920 NM_002075 BC000115 U47931 U47930 BC002454 BT009800 M31328

AF501884

GeneLoc Exon Structure

5/7 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for GNB3 (see all 7) About this scheme

ExUns:	1a	·	1b	·	1c	·	1d	·	1e	^	2	^	3	^	4	^	5a	·	5b	^	6	^	7a	·	7b	^	8a	·	8b	^	9	^	10	^	11a	·	11b	^	12
SP1:															-		-																-
SP2:															-		-																-		-
SP3:															-		-																-
SP4:															-		-
SP5:															-

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for GNB3

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

GNB3 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: CTTTCTCCTT

About this image

GNB3 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

1 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartment/Cell

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Eye

Inner Nuclear Layer

Mature Rod Bipolar Cells

Bipolar, Retina

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

Stem Cell Differentiation: 1 LifeMap Cell

Name

Category

Midbrain dopaminergic-like neurons (Generation of midbra...)

See GNB3 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for GNB3

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.631657

SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for GNB3

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for GNB3 Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
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(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

Orthologs for GNB3 gene from 7/24 species (see all 24) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	GNB3¹	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta more	81.96(n) 93.24(a)		427945 XM_425517.3 XP_425517.3
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	GNB3⁶	--	90(a)	1 ↔ 1	GL343453.1(391066-403708)
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	gnb3a¹	guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta more	71.96(n) 79.71(a)		436710 NM_001002437.1 NP_001002437.1
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	G&bgr;13F³	G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway more	77(a) (best of 2)		13F16 --
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)	Secernentea	gpb-1³	guanine nucleotide-binding protein beta subunit	81(a)		II(11743881-11747549) --
thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)	eudicotyledons	ELK4⁶	guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta	43(a)	1 → many	4(16477106-16479528)
rice (Oryza sativa)	Liliopsida	--	WD domain, G-beta repeat domain containing protein...	42(a)	1 → many	3(26391617-26399638)

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for GNB3 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for GNB3 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
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Paralogs for GNB3 gene

GNB2² GNB1² WDR47² GNB4² GNB5²

8 SIMAP similar genes for GNB3 using alignment to 8 protein entries: GBB3_HUMAN (see all proteins):

GNB1 GNB4 GNB2 GNB5 WDR61 PF20

WDR82 GNB2L1

GNB3 for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 12 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs77410621^1,2		--	6801362(+)	`ATTGTA/GGGAAG`	1	--	us2k¹		1		WA	118
rs3809247^1,2	C,	--	6802550(+)	`GCCTGG/CGGAGC`	1	--	us2k¹		2		CSA WA	120
rs3809250^1,2	C,F,H,	--	6802734(+)	`CTCTCA/CGCCAG`	1	--	us2k¹		9		NS EA CSA WA	1292
rs77419422^1,2		--	6803138(+)	`GGGTCC/GCCTGT`	1	--	ut5¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs111831093^1,2		--	6803353(+)	`TCCTGG/TCCTGG`	1	--	int¹		1		CSA	2
rs45453800^1,2	C,	--	6803600(+)	`TCTCTA/GTGGCC`	1	--	int¹		4		WA CSA EA	242
rs2071057^1,2	C,	--	6803775(+)	`CCGCCG/AGTCGG`	1	--	ut5¹		1		NA	2
rs13306409^1,2	H	--	6804085(+)	`GGCACG/AAAGGG`	1	--	int¹		4		NS EA	416
rs73258795^1,2	C,	--	6804696(+)	`GATGCG/AAAAGA`	1	--	int¹		2		WA	120
rs112963109^1,2	F,	--	6805036(+)	`AATACC/ATGATT`	1	--	int¹		2		CSA	4

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for GNB3 (6949118 - 6956557 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for GNB3: --
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): GNB3

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(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

GNB3 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 139130
OMIM disorders: 145500
20/83 diseases for GNB3 (see all 83):    About MalaCards

essential hypertension hypertension obesity seasonal affective disorder

temporal lobe epilepsy cluster headache dengue hemorrhagic fever orthostatic hypotension

aortic coarctation gastroesophageal reflux disease tardive dyskinesia type 2 diabetes mellitus

major depressive disorder hemorrhagic fever coronary heart disease myocardial infarction

irritable bowel syndrome amyotrophic lateral sclerosis carotid stenosis sleep apnea

1 disease from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for GNB3:

Hypertension

10/31 Novoseek disease relationships for GNB3 gene (see all 31) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
essential hypertension	79.1	39	10817859 (2), 19811352 (2), 15042113 (2), 17278960 (1) (see all 28)
obesity	60.9	59	15090636 (3), 12730030 (3), 19065529 (2), 19594364 (2) (see all 30)
genetic susceptibility	53.9	1	10713907 (1)
hypertension arterial	52	8	11230982 (3), 11816511 (1), 12439636 (1), 15332573 (1) (see all 6)
ventricular hypertrophy	41.1	2	12011775 (1), 15332573 (1)
thyroid adenoma	38.5	1	17136758 (1)
major depression	32.3	10	14647404 (2), 16302021 (1), 17943025 (1), 12476328 (1) (see all 7)
insulin resistance	31.9	10	12930636 (3), 11121369 (1), 12624279 (1), 17161225 (1) (see all 6)
mood disorders	28	3	11586049 (2), 11992559 (1)
schizophrenia	26.5	4	16139171 (1), 16141801 (1), 16964080 (1), 10884039 (1)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): GNB3
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: GNB3 (294 documents)

Export disorders for GNB3 gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for GNB3 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 402):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with GNB3)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
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The 825C>T polymorphism of the G-protein beta-3 subunit gene (GNB3) and breast cancer. (PubMed id 15019160)^{1, 4, 9} Krippl P....Samonigg H. (2004)
G protein beta 3 gene: structure, promoter, and additional polymorphisms. (PubMed id 10904009)^{1, 2, 9} Rosskopf D.... Siffert W. (2000)
[Association between G-protein beta3 subunit (GNB(3)) gene C825T polymorphism, hypertension, insulin resistance and obesity] (PubMed id 12930636)^{1, 4, 9} Chen Y.Y....Hui R.T. (2003)
Heterogeneity in hand veins responses to acetylcholine is not associated with polymorphisms in the G-protein beta3-subunit (C825T) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (G894T) genes but with serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol. (PubMed id 11434508)^{1, 4, 9} Grossmann M....Kirch W. (2001)
Association of G-protein beta-3 subunit gene (GNB3) T825 allele with Type II diabetes. (PubMed id 15855877)^{1, 4, 9} Kiani J.G....Frossard P.M. (2005)
Association between a G-protein beta 3 subunit gene polymorphism and the symptomatology and treatment responses of major depressive disorders. (PubMed id 14647404)^{1, 4, 9} Lee H.J....Lee M.S. (2004)
G protein beta3 gene variant, vascular function, and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. (PubMed id 12511541)^{1, 4, 9} Fernandez-Real J.M....Ricart W. (2003)
Association between a polymorphism in the G protein beta3 subunit gene (GNB3) with arterial hypertension but not with myocardial infarction. (PubMed id 11230982)^{1, 4, 9} Hengstenberg C....Holmer S.R. (2001)
[Absence of an association between the C825T polymorphism of the G-protein beta 3 subunit and salt-sensitivity in essential arterial hypertension] (PubMed id 11816511)^{1, 4, 9} Gonzalez-Nunez D....Poch E. (2001)
Insulin-mediated venodilation is impaired in young, healthy carriers of the 825T allele of the G-protein beta3 subunit gene (GNB3). (PubMed id 15961981)^{1, 4, 9} Mitchell A....Schafers R.F. (2005)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
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(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 2784	HGNC: 4400	AceView: GNB3	Ensembl:ENSG00000111664	euGenes: HUgn2784
ECgene: GNB3	Kegg: 2784	H-InvDB: GNB3

(According to HUGE)
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(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for GNB3	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

Intellectual Property for GNB3 gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

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Patent Information for GNB3 gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving GNB3

GeneCards and IP:
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