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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

GNAI2 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 70
GCID: GC03P050263

guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting...


(Previous symbol: GNAI2B)
 Explore 26 diseases affiliated with
GNAI2 via our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for GNAI2
    

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Guanine Nucleotide Binding Protein (G Protein), Alpha Inhibiting Activity
Polypeptide 21 2
     H_LUCA16.12
GNAI2B1 2 3 5     GTP-Binding Regulatory Protein Gi Alpha-2 Chain2
GIP1 2 5     Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Protein G(I) Subunit Alpha-22
Adenylate Cyclase-Inhibiting G Alpha Protein2 3     Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Protein G(I), Alpha-2 Subunit2
H_LUCA15.12     

External Ids:    HGNC: 43851   Entrez Gene: 27712   Ensembl: ENSG000001143537   OMIM: 1393605   UniProtKB: P048993   

Export aliases for GNAI2 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC03M049690 GC03M049860 GC03P050118 GC03P050223 GC03P050232 GC03P050239


(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for GNAI2:
The protein encoded by this gene is an alpha subunit of guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins). The encoded
protein contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and is involved in the hormonal regulation of adenylate cyclase.
Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been detected for this gene, but the full-length nature
of only two are known so far. (provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GNAI2_HUMAN, P04899
Function: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various
transmembrane signaling systems. The G(i) proteins are involved in hormonal regulation of adenylate cyclase: they
inhibit the cyclase in response to beta-adrenergic stimuli. May play a role in cell division
Function: Isoform sGi2: Regulates the cell surface density of dopamine receptors DRD2 by sequestrating them as an
intracellular pool

summary for GNAI2:
Heterotrimeric G proteins are membrane bound GTPases that are linked to 7-TM receptors. Each G protein
contains an alpha-, beta- and gamma-subunit and is bound to GDP in the 'off' state. Ligand-receptor binding
results in detachment of the G protein, switching it to an 'on' state and permitting Galpha activation of
second messenger signalling cascades. There are several types of Galpha proteins; Galphas and Galphai bind
directly to adenylyl cyclase and stimulate or inhibit its activity, leading to an increase or decrease in
cAMP levels respectively.

Gene Wiki entry for GNAI2


(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000003.11  NC_018914.1  NT_022517.18  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the GNAI2 gene promoter:
         SRF   CHOP-10   GR   Sp1   SRF (504 AA)   GR-alpha   C/EBPalpha   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmidGNAI2 promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for GNAI2

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat GNAI2


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 3p21.31   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  3p21.31   HGNC cytogenetic band: 3p21.31

GNAI2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
GNAI2 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 3         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC03P050263:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
50,263,724 bp from pter      End:
50,296,787 bp from pter
Size:
33,064 bases      Orientation:
plus strand

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GNAI2_HUMAN, P04899 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2  
Size: 355 amino acids; 40451 Da
Subunit: G proteins are composed of 3 units; alpha, beta and gamma. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide
binding site. Interacts with GPSM1. Interacts with RGS12 and RGS14 (By similarity). Interacts with UNC5B
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, centrosome. Cell membrane. Note=Localizes in the centrosomes
of interphase and mitotic cells. Detected at the cleavage furrow and/or the midbody
Secondary accessions: B4DYA0 Q6B6N3 Q8IZ71
Alternative splicing: 4 isoforms:  P04899-1   P04899-2   P04899-3   P04899-4   (No experimental confirmation available)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for GNAI2: NX_P04899

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P04899

  • GNAI2 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_001159897.1  NP_002061.1  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000406871   ENSP00000406065   ENSP00000312999   ENSP00000394321   ENSP00000395736  
     ENSP00000406369   ENSP00000266027   ENSP00000444360  
    Reactome Protein details: P04899
    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
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    Novus Biologicals GNAI2 Proteins
    Novus Biologicals GNAI2 Lysate
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    ProSpec Recombinant Protein for GNAI2
    Uscn Proteins for GNAI2

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/10 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 10):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005624membrane fraction ----
    GO:0005634nucleus IEA--
    GO:0005737cytoplasm IDA17635935
    GO:0005813centrosome IDA17635935
    GO:0005829cytosol IEA--


    GNAI2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    GNAI2 Antibody Products: 
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    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for GNAI2


    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    GNAI2 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    3 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR001019 Gprotein_alpha_su
     IPR011025 GproteinA_insert
     IPR001408 Gprotein_alpha_I

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P04899

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P04899

    2 Blocks protein families:
    IPB001019 Alpha G-protein (transducin) signature
    IPB001408 G-protein alpha subunit group I signature


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GNAI2_HUMAN, P04899
    Similarity: Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(i/o/t/z) subfamily


    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GNAI2_HUMAN, P04899
    Function: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various
    transmembrane signaling systems. The G(i) proteins are involved in hormonal regulation of adenylate cyclase: they
    inhibit the cyclase in response to beta-adrenergic stimuli. May play a role in cell division
    Function: Isoform sGi2: Regulates the cell surface density of dopamine receptors DRD2 by sequestrating them as an
    intracellular pool

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for GNAI2:
    guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein),alpha inhibiting activity,polypeptide 2

    miRNA
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    miRTarBase miRNAs that target GNAI2:
    hsa-mir-30a (MIRT005181), hsa-mir-30d (MIRT003274)

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    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat GNAI2
    8/68 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate GNAI2 (see all 68):
    hsa-miR-124* hsa-miR-579 hsa-miR-607 hsa-miR-3607-3p hsa-miR-632 hsa-miR-578 hsa-miR-30d hsa-miR-30a
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmidGNAI2 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat GNAI2

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    Clone
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    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): GNAI2 (NM_002070)
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    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/8 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 8):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0001664G-protein coupled receptor binding IBA--
    GO:0003924GTPase activity IBA--
    GO:0004871signal transducer activity IBA--
    GO:0005515protein binding IPI16189514
    GO:0005525GTP binding IEA--


    GNAI2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-outs for GNAI2: Gnai2tm1Uru Gnai2tm1Lbi Gnai2tm1Rmm
         13 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 4 alleles(MGI details for Gnai2):
     behavior/neurological  cardiovascular system  cellular  digestive/alimentary  endocrine/exocrine gland 
     growth/size  hematopoietic system  homeostasis/metabolism  immune system  liver/biliary system 
     mortality/aging  respiratory system  tumorigenesis 

    GNAI2 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/78 super-pathways (see all 78About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Development Angiotensin activation of ERK
    8/9 pathways (see all 9)
    Development Angiotensin activation of ERK1.00
    Development G-Proteins mediated regulation MARK-ERK signaling0.66
    Development_Angiotensin activation of ERK0.98
    Development_EDNRB signaling0.54
    Development_ACM2 and ACM4 activation of ERK0.74
    Development EDNRB signaling0.54
    Development ACM2 and ACM4 activation of ERK0.74
    Cholinergic synapse0.30
    2Development_Dopamine D2 receptor transactivation of EGFR
    Development_Dopamine D2 receptor transactivation of EGFR1.00
    Development Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor activation of ERK0.66
    Development Dopamine D2 receptor transactivation of EGFR1.00
    Chemotaxis_CXCR4 signaling pathway0.48
    Development_Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor activation of ERK0.66
    Chemotaxis CXCR4 signaling pathway0.48
    3Opioid Signalling
    Opioid Signalling1.00
    Beta-agonist/Beta-blocker Pathway, Pharmacodynamics0.35
    G-protein mediated events0.55
    Glutamatergic synapse0.31
    PLC beta mediated events0.54
    4G Protein Signaling Pathways
    G Protein Signaling Pathways1.00
    Signal transduction_PKA signaling0.23
    Signal transduction cAMP signaling0.44
    Signal transduction PKA signaling0.23
    Signal transduction_cAMP signaling0.44
    5G-Beta Gamma Signaling
    G-Beta Gamma Signaling1.00
    Relaxin Pathway0.32
    GHRH Signaling0.46
    Hedgehog Signaling in Mammals0.22
    CRHR Pathway0.44

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    5/23 EMD Millipore Pathways for GNAI2 (see all 23)
        Chemotaxis CXCR4 signaling pathway
    Development A1 receptor signaling
    Immune response CCR3 signaling in eosinophils
    Cell adhesion Integrin inside-out signaling
    Development G-Proteins mediated regulation MARK-ERK signaling

    5/57 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for GNAI2 (see all 57)
        RhoA Pathway
    Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
    Intracellular Calcium Signaling
    Visual Cycle in Retinal Rods
    CDK5 Pathway

    5/25 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for GNAI2 (see all 25)
        Signal transduction cAMP signaling
    Development Endothelin-1/EDNRA signaling
    G-protein signaling Regulation of p38 and JNK signaling mediated by G-proteins
    G-protein signaling G-Protein alpha-i signaling cascades
    Inhibitory action of Lipoxins and Resolvin E1 on neutrophil functions

    5/13 BioSystems Pathways for GNAI2 (see all 13
        Signal Transduction of S1P Receptor
    Calcium Regulation in the Cardiac Cell
    G Protein Signaling Pathways
    TSH signaling pathway
    S1P4 pathway

    5/24        Reactome Pathways for GNAI2 (see all 24)
        Transmission across Chemical Synapses
    Metabolism
    Regulation of Insulin Secretion
    Neuronal System
    Opioid Signalling

    3 PharmGKB Pathways for GNAI2
        Beta-agonist/Beta-blocker Pathway, Pharmacodynamics
    Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor Pathway, Pharmacodynamics
    Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Pathway, Pharmacodynamics

    5/14         Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for GNAI2) (see all 14):
        Chemokine signaling pathway
    Axon guidance
    Tight junction
    Gap junction
    Leukocyte transendothelial migration


    GNAI2 for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for GNAI2

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/351 Interacting proteins for GNAI2 (P048991, 2, 3 ENSP000003129994) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 351)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    NCF2P198782, 3, ENSP000003565054MINT-7135264 MINT-7135250 MINT-7135281 MINT-7135162 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000356505
    NCF1P145982, 3, ENSP000002894734MINT-7135281 MINT-7135190 MINT-7135171 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000289473
    MAP3K3Q997592, 3, ENSP000003549274MINT-48437 I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000354927
    GNB1P628732, 3, ENSP000003678724MINT-7135221 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000367872
    HSP90AB1P082382, 3MINT-72645 I2D: score=3 
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/21 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 21):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000186activation of MAPKK activity IEA--
    GO:0001973adenosine receptor signaling pathway IBA--
    GO:0006184GTP catabolic process TAS9637720
    GO:0007049cell cycle IEA--
    GO:0007165signal transduction TAS9637720


    GNAI2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section
    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Compounds for GNAI2 available from Tocris Bioscience    About this table
    CompoundAction CAS #
    Mastoparan XG protein activator peptide[72093-22-2]
    MastoparanActivates Gi and Go[72093-21-1]
    Pertussis Toxin Catalyzes ADP-ribosylation of Gi, Go and Gt [70323-44-3]
    MelittinInhibits Gs and stimulates Gi activity[20449-79-0]
    NF 023 Selective, competitive P2X antagonist [104869-31-0]

    3 HMDB Compounds for GNAI2    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    Guanosine diphosphate5'-GDP (see all 10)146-91-8--
    Guanosine monophosphate5'-GMP (see all 14)85-32-5--
    Guanosine triphosphate5'-GTP (see all 10)86-01-1--
    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about GNAI2 

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section

    REFSEQ mRNAs for GNAI2 gene (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_001166425.1  NM_002070.2  

    Unigene Cluster for GNAI2:

    Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 2
    Hs.77269  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: AK126708
    13 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000422163(uc003cyo.1 uc003cyp.1) ENST00000446079 ENST00000491100
    ENST00000480090 ENST00000313601(uc003cyq.1 uc011bdn.2) ENST00000441156(uc010hlg.1)
    ENST00000440628 ENST00000451956 ENST00000490122(uc003cyr.1) ENST00000468422
    ENST00000492383 ENST00000266027 ENST00000536647

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    8/68 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate GNAI2 (see all 68):
    hsa-miR-124* hsa-miR-579 hsa-miR-607 hsa-miR-3607-3p hsa-miR-632 hsa-miR-578 hsa-miR-30d hsa-miR-30a
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmidGNAI2 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat GNAI2
    Clone
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    OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling 
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see first 1): GNAI2 (NM_002070  NM_001166425)
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    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat GNAI2 
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    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AF493906.1 AK055574.1 AK096299.1 AK096595.1 AK126708.1 AK131062.1 AK302330.1 AK304473.1 
    AY555145.1 AY677118.1 BC012138.1 BC014627.2 BC016995.1 CR456783.1 J03004.1 X04828.1 

    24/42 DOTS entries (see all 42):

    DT.100680604  DT.97768608  DT.75112974  DT.99968212  DT.91784324  DT.97860778  DT.100680607  DT.100057602 
    DT.95357437  DT.97800888  DT.100059846  DT.100862119  DT.91784320  DT.100059845  DT.120873963  DT.100680601 
    DT.95214674  DT.100648169  DT.100680617  DT.120873971  DT.95185336  DT.120874020  DT.100042317  DT.100859294 

    24/1325 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 1325):

    BQ680845 CR606737 AF493906 BU730850 BI032154 BM663450 BE741703 BQ895963 
    CD515989 AI066694 BQ009020 BU689061 BM708555 BU153196 AK096595 BQ893578 
    BQ927770 BE302918 AI654458 BQ899266 BU158574 CA393116 BG165758 BQ676408 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/12 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for GNAI2 (see all 12)    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1a · 1b ^ 2a · 2b ^ 3 ^ 4a · 4b ^ 5 ^ 6 ^ 7a · 7b ^ 8 ^ 9a · 9b ^ 10 ^ 11a · 11b ^ 12 ^ 13 ^ 14a · 14b ^ 15a · 15b · 15c · 15d · 15e ·
    SP1:              -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -                       -                                         -                                 
    SP2:                                            -     -     -     -                 -                                         -                                 
    SP3:              -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -     -                 -                                         -                                 
    SP4:                          -     -     -     -     -     -     -                 -                                         -                                 
    SP5:                                            -     -     -     -     -           -                                         -                                 

    ExUns: 15f
    SP1:      
    SP2:      
    SP3:      
    SP4:      
    SP5:      


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for GNAI2

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    GNAI2 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: TTTTATGGAA

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)

    About this image

    GNAI2 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    4 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells 
    Tissue Anatomical Compartment CellCategory (developmental path)
    BrainHypothalamusBrain
    BrainMedulla OblongataBrain
    Neural TubeDiencephalic Ventricular ZoneNeural Tube
    Spinal CordPresumptive Spinal CordSpinal Cord
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization

    See GNAI2 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for GNAI2

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.77269
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including GNAI2: 
              Tight Junctions in human mouse rat
              Multiple Sclerosis in human mouse rat

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    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section

    This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

    Orthologs for GNAI2 gene from 9/31 species (see all 31)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification
    Gene Description Human
    Similarity
    Orthology
    Type
    Details
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)
    Aves GNAI21 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha more 87.32(n)
    95.21(a)
      396367  NM_205402.1  NP_990733.1 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)
    Reptilia GNAI26
    --
    95(a)
    1 ↔ 1
    2(148689937-148767736)
    African clawed frog
    (Xenopus laevis)
    Amphibia Xl.215122 Xenopus laevis guanine nucleotide-binding protein Gi more 83.72(n)    AF086606.1 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)
    Actinopterygii wufi21e062 wufi21e06 82.55(n)   327650  BC049343.1 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)
    Insecta G-ialpha65A3 G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling
    pathway more
    76(a)
    (best of 3)
        --
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)
    Secernentea goa-13 guanine nucleotide-binding protein 68(a)
    (best of 14)
      I(7530272-7533917)   --
    baker's yeast
    (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
    Saccharomycetes GPA11 Gpa1p 53.61(n)
    48.49(a)
      856394   NP_011868.1 
    thale cress
    (Arabidopsis thaliana)
    eudicotyledons XLG16
    XLG26
    (see all 4)
    extra-large GTP-binding protein 2
    (see all 4)
    9(a)
    8(a)
    (see all 4)
    many ↔ many
    many ↔ many
    (see all 4)
    2(9995478-9999122)
    4(16441179-16445005)
    rice
    (Oryza sativa)
    Liliopsida --
    XA76
    (see all 5)
    G-protein alpha subunit, putative, expressed
    (see all 5)
    9(a)
    29(a)
    (see all 5)
    many ↔ many
    many ↔ many
    (see all 5)
    12(24838937-24843804)
    5(15552385-15556024)


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for GNAI2 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for GNAI2 (if available) 

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for GNAI2 gene
    GNAQ2  GNA142  GNA112  GNAI32  GNAT22  GNA132  GNAT32  GNAT12  
    GNA152  GNA122  GNAZ2  GNAI12  GNAO12  
    18 SIMAP similar genes for GNAI2 using alignment to 8 protein entries:     GNAI2_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    GNAI3    GNAI1    GNAT3    GNAT2    DKFZp686O0962    GNAT1
    GNAZ    GNAO1    GNA11    GNA14    GNAQ    GNA12
    GNA13    GNAL    GNA15    GNAS    GSA    WUGSC

    GNAI2 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing


    2 Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for GNAI2
    PGOHUM00000238547 PGOHUM00000239685


    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/320 NCBI SNPs in GNAI2 are shown (see all 320    About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance
    Chr 3 posSequence#AA
    Chg
    TypeMore#Allele
    freq
    PopTotal
    sample
    More
    ----------
    rs1378532261,2
    Cother82185941(+) GGACCC/G/TGCGTA 6 R G C mis10--------
    rs1491184511,2
    --50271665(+) GCTAAC/TTTTTT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1448643071,2
    --50271714(+) GTCTCC/GATCTC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1387130991,2
    --50271743(+) GCCTCA/GGCCTC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1403390471,2
    --50271778(+) GCCACC/TGTGCC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1454012131,2
    --50271868(+) AACCTC/GCGCCT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1924020711,2
    --50271918(+) AGCTGC/GGATTA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1474273381,2
    --50271933(+) TGCCCA/GCCACC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1483276661,2
    --50272075(+) CAACCA/GTGCCC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1154094271,2
    F,--50272107(+) TCTAAG/AGAAGG 1 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- A:0.02WA 118

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for GNAI2 (50263724 - 50296787 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
    Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 5 variations for GNAI2
         5 CNVs: 30176 4335 3429 53228 4336
    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): GNAI2

    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
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    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    GNAI2 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 139360   
    OMIM disorders: 192605  
    20/26 diseases for GNAI2 (see all 26):    About MalaCards
    ventricular tachycardia, idiopathic    ventricular tachycardia    high blood pressure    functioning pituitary adenoma
    olivopontocerebellar atrophy    pituitary adenoma    noonan syndrome    insulin resistance
    fainting    squamous cell carcinoma    adenoma    chagas disease
    trypanosomiasis    toxoplasmosis    pertussis    pharyngitis
    hypertension    neuroblastoma    schizophrenia    adenocarcinoma

    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: GNAI2 (6 documents)

    Export disorders for GNAI2 gene to outside databases

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for GNAI2 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 125):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with GNAI2)
        Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Human Gi protein alpha-subunit: deduction of amino acid structure from a cloned cDNA. (PubMed id 3100330)1, 2, 3 Didsbury J.R.... Snyderman R. (1987)
    2. Role of a Galphai2 protein splice variant in the formation of an intracellular dopamine D2 receptor pool. (PubMed id 17550964)1, 2 Lopez-Aranda M.F.... Khan Z.U. (2007)
    3. Localization of Gi alpha proteins in the centrosomes and at the midbody: implication for their role in cell division. (PubMed id 17635935)1, 2 Cho H. and Kehrl J.H. (2007)
    4. Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)1, 2 Ota T.... Sugano S. (2004)
    5. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
    6. Modulation of G(ialpha(2)) signaling by the axonal guidance molecule UNC5H2. (PubMed id 12359238)1, 2 Komatsuzaki K.... Kinane T.B. (2002)
    7. Regional localization of the human G protein alpha i2 (GNAI2) gene: assignment to 3p21 and a related sequence (GNAI2L) to 12p12-p13. (PubMed id 1733849)1, 3 Magovcevic I....Morton C.C. (1992)
    8. Presence of three distinct molecular species of Gi protein alpha subunit. Structure of rat cDNAs and human genomic DNAs. (PubMed id 2834384)1, 2 Itoh H.... Kaziro Y. (1988)
    9. Cloning and characterization of the human gene for the alpha-subunit of Gi2, a GTP-binding signal transduction protein. (PubMed id 2837412)1, 2 Weinstein L.S.... Carter A.D. (1988)
    10. A small multigene family encodes Gi signal-transduction proteins. (PubMed id 3120178)1, 2 Beals C.R.... Perlmutter R.M. (1987)

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Free Text  

      Query String
    PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 2771 HGNC: 4385 AceView: GNAI2 Ensembl:ENSG00000114353 euGenes: HUgn2771
    ECgene: GNAI2 Kegg: 2771 H-InvDB: GNAI2

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
      --

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for GNAI2 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for GNAI2 Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    Patent Information for GNAI2 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving GNAI2

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



    (Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences),
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