Home
GeneCards Guide
Suite
- MalaCards
- GeneALaCart
- GeneDecks
- GeneIP
- GeneLoc
Terms and Conditions
- Terms of Use
- 3rd Party Notice
About Us
User Feedback
Mirror sites

Set Analyses:

Generates a file of GeneCards annotations for your list of genes

Advanced Search

Search By

Section (entire)

for

All GeneCards Within gene subset (to enable gene prioritization):
or upload a file of gene symbols

Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

GHRL Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 61
GCID: GC03M010302

ghrelin/obestatin prepropeptide

(Previous names: ghrelin, growth hormone secretagogue receptor ligand )

Explore 173 diseases affiliated with
GHRL via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

This gene clusters with an RNA gene
Subcategory (RNA class): lncRNA

Quality score for the ORGUL clustered with this gene is 3

Aliases
Ghrelin/Obestatin Prepropeptide¹ ²		Ghrelin¹
MTLRP¹ ² ³		Obestatin¹
Ghrelin, Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor Ligand¹ ²		Appetite-Regulating Hormone²
Growth Hormone Secretagogue² ³		Ghrelin/Obestatin Preprohormone²
Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide² ³		Protein M46³
Motilin-Related Peptide² ³

External Ids:	HGNC: 18129¹	Entrez Gene: 51738²	Ensembl: ENSG00000157017⁷	OMIM: 605353⁵	UniProtKB: Q9UBU3³

ORGUL members:
	NONCODE:n332477 n406615 n406614 n332476 n406612	see all 7

Export aliases for GHRL gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifer: GC03M010256

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for GHRL:

This gene encodes ghrelin-obestatin preproprotein, which generates ghrelin and obestatin. Ghrelin is an endogenous

ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor and is involved in regulating growth hormone release. Obestatin

was initially reported to be an endogenous ligand for the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR39 and was involved in

satiety and decreased food intake; however, these findings are controversial. Recent reports show that obestatin is

involved in inhibiting thirst and anxiety, improving memory, regulating sleep, affecting cell proliferation, and

increasing the secretion of pancreatic juice enzymes. Alternative promoters and alternative splicing result in

multiple transcript variants, some of which encode different protein isoforms and some of which do not encode a

protein but may regulate the ghrelin-obestatin preproprotein expression. In addition, antisense transcripts for this

gene have been identified and may also function in regulation of the ghrelin-obestatin preproprotein expression.

(provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GHRL_HUMAN, Q9UBU3

Function: Ghrelin is the ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR). Induces the release of growth

hormone from the pituitary. Has an appetite-stimulating effect, induces adiposity and stimulates gastric acid

secretion. Involved in growth regulation

Function: Obestatin may be the ligand for GPR39. May have an appetite-reducing effect resulting in decreased food

intake. May reduce gastric emptying activity and jejunal motility (By similarity)

Gene Wiki entry for GHRL (Ghrelin)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000003.11 NC_018914.1 NT_022517.18

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the GHRL gene promoter:
CREB AP-1 ATF-2 deltaCREB
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: GHRL promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for GHRL

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat GHRL

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 3p26-p25 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 3p25.3 HGNC cytogenetic band: 3p26-p25

GHRL Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
GHRL gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 3 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC03M010302: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	10,327,359 bp from pter	End:	10,334,631 bp from pter
Size:	7,273 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

ORGUL member locations:
Legend (see complete legend)

n406612
n406611
n406614
n406615
n406613
n332476
n332477

lncRNA
Full Legend

10327433 10331032 10334631 chr3

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GHRL_HUMAN, Q9UBU3 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Appetite-regulating hormone precursor

Size: 117 amino acids; 12911 Da

Subcellular location: Secreted

Mass spectrometry: Mass=3398.9; Mass_error=0.3; Method=Electrospray; Range=24-51; Note=Ghrelin-28-C10, O-decanoylated

form; Source=PubMed:12414809;

Mass spectrometry: Mass=3397.2; Mass_error=0.5; Method=Electrospray; Range=24-51; Note=Ghrelin-28-C10:1, O-decenoylated

form; Source=PubMed:12414809;

Mass spectrometry: Mass=3371.3; Mass_error=0.1; Method=Electrospray; Range=24-51; Note=Ghrelin-28-C8, O-octanoylated

form; Source=PubMed:12414809;

Mass spectrometry: Mass=3243.6; Mass_error=0.4; Method=Electrospray; Range=24-50; Note=Ghrelin-27-C10, O-decanoylated

form; Source=PubMed:12414809;

Mass spectrometry: Mass=3214.6; Mass_error=0.6; Method=Electrospray; Range=24-50; Note=Ghrelin-27-C8, O-octanoylated

form; Source=PubMed:12414809;

1 PDB 3D structure from and Proteopedia for GHRL:

1P7X (3D)

Secondary accessions: A8CF34 A8CF38 A8CF42 A8DN29 A8DN30 Q8TAT9 Q9H3R3

Alternative splicing: 5 isoforms: Q9UBU3-1 Q9UBU3-2 Q9UBU3-3 Q9UBU3-4 Q9UBU3-5

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for GHRL: NX_Q9UBU3

Post-translational modifications:

O-octanoylation or O-decanoylation is essential for ghrelin activity. The O-decanoylated forms Ghrelin-27-C10 and

Ghrelin-28-C10 differ in the length of the carbon backbone of the carboxylic acid bound to Ser-26. A small fraction of

ghrelin, ghrelin-28-C10:1, may be modified with a singly unsaturated carboxylic acid¹

Amidation of Leu-98 is essential for obestatin activity (By similarity)¹

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q9UBU3

GHRL Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins (5 alternative transcripts):

NP_001128413.1 NP_001128416.1 NP_001128417.1 NP_001128418.1 NP_057446.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000335074 ENSP00000399922 ENSP00000405464 ENSP00000388145 ENSP00000416768

ENSP00000287656 ENSP00000391406 ENSP00000403725 ENSP00000394923 ENSP00000414819

ENSP00000405031 ENSP00000389192 ENSP00000415521

Reactome Protein details: Q9UBU3
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
	Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: GHRL OriGene Custom Protein Services for GHRL
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for GHRL
	Novus Biologicals GHRL Proteins Novus Biologicals GHRL Lysates
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	ProSpec Recombinant Protein for GHRL
	Uscn Proteins for GHRL

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/6 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 6): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	--
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IDA	15531532
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	--	--
GO:0005788	endoplasmic reticulum lumen	TAS	--
GO:0030141	secretory granule	TAS	--

GHRL for ontologies About GeneDecksing

GHRL Antibody Products:

	EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of GHRL
	Browse R&D Systems for Antibodies
	OriGene Antibodies: GHRL OriGene Custom Antibody Services for GHRL
	GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for GHRL
	Novus Biologicals GHRL Antibodies
	Search for Antibodies for GHRL at Abcam
	Uscn Antibodies for GHRL
	ThermoFisher Antibody for GHRL

Assay Products for GHRL:

	EMD Millipore Kits and Assays for the Analysis of GHRL
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for GHRL
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for GHRL

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

GHRL for domains About GeneDecksing

3 InterPro domains/families:

IPR006738 Motilin_ghrelin

IPR006737 Motilin_assoc

IPR005441 Preproghrelin

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q9UBU3

ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q9UBU3

3 Blocks protein families:

IPB005441 Preproghrelin peptide signature

IPB006738 Motilin/ghrelin

IPB011070 Globular protein

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GHRL_HUMAN, Q9UBU3

Similarity: Belongs to the motilin family

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GHRL_HUMAN, Q9UBU3

Function: Ghrelin is the ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR). Induces the release of growth

hormone from the pituitary. Has an appetite-stimulating effect, induces adiposity and stimulates gastric acid

secretion. Involved in growth regulation

Function: Obestatin may be the ligand for GPR39. May have an appetite-reducing effect resulting in decreased food

intake. May reduce gastric emptying activity and jejunal motility (By similarity)

miRNA Products:		Browse 3'-UTR reporter clones for miRNA target validation Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat GHRL
		Search QIAGEN for miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate GHRL
		Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for GHRL (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: GHRL OriGene siRNA: GHRL
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat GHRL

Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for GHRL

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for GHRL (see all 7) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for GHRL (see all 6) OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 5): GHRL (NM_016362)
		Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for GHRL
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat GHRL

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for GHRL
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for GHRL

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for GHRL

Gene Ontology (GO): 5 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001664	G-protein coupled receptor binding	ISS	10604470
GO:0005179	hormone activity	--	--
GO:0016608	growth hormone-releasing hormone activity	TAS	16511605
GO:0030296	protein tyrosine kinase activator activity	IMP	15350694
GO:0031768	ghrelin receptor binding	TAS	16511605

GHRL for ontologies           About GeneDecksing

Animal Models:
     Mouse knock-outs for GHRL: Ghrl^tm1Mko Ghrl^tm1Lex
     7 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 5 alleles) (MGI details for Ghrl):

adipose tissue	behavior/neurological	digestive/alimentary	endocrine/exocrine gland	homeostasis/metabolism
no phenotypic analysis	normal

GHRL for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/6 super-pathways (see all 6) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

Synthesis, Secretion, and Inactivation of Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP)

	Synthesis, Secretion, and Deacylation of Ghrelin	0.46			Deacylation of Acyl Ghrelin	0.00
	Synthesis of Preproghrelin	0.00			Secretion of Acyl Ghrelin and C-Ghrelin	0.00

Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)

	Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)	1.00			Peptide ligand-binding receptors	0.61
	GPCR ligand binding	0.75

Signaling by GPCR

	Signaling by GPCR	1.00			Signal Transduction	0.56
	GPCR downstream signaling	0.89

G alpha (q) signalling events

G alpha (q) signalling events

1.00

Gastrin-CREB signalling pathway via PKC and MAPK

0.90

Insulin Processing

Peptide hormone metabolism

0.39

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

5/14 Reactome Pathways for GHRL (see all 14)

	GPCR downstream signaling
	Peptide ligand-binding receptors
	Synthesis of Preproghrelin
	Gastrin-CREB signalling pathway via PKC and MAPK
	Signaling by GPCR

GHRL for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for GHRL

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 7)

5/7 Interacting proteins for GHRL (Q9UBU3³ ENSP00000335074⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 7)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
ACE2	Q9BYF1³, ENSP00000252519⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000252519
AGRP	O00253³, ENSP00000290953⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000290953
GHRHR	Q02643³, ENSP00000320180⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000320180
NPY	P01303³, ENSP00000242152⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000242152
GHSR	Q92847³, ENSP00000241256⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000241256

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/39 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 39): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0000187	activation of MAPK activity	IMP	15350694
GO:0001696	gastric acid secretion	IEA	--
GO:0001937	negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	IDA	15572208
GO:0006006	glucose metabolic process	NAS	17392603
GO:0007186	G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway	TAS	16511605

GHRL for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

GHRL for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Enzo Life Sciences drugs & compounds for GHRL

Browse Tocris compounds for GHRL
10/122 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for GHRL gene (see all 122) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
hexarelin	88.7	68	11238504 (12), 12379504 (4), 11227737 (3), 11297611 (2) (see all 34)
ghrp	86.8	32	14610296 (3), 19931584 (2), 17537842 (2), 17686882 (2) (see all 21)
oxyntomodulin	79.6	26	19359390 (3), 15358278 (1), 18054740 (1), 17542673 (1) (see all 21)
glucose	75	834	17061019 (9), 15473884 (8), 15055473 (7), 12970297 (7) (see all 99)
prepromotilin	73.2	1	18342799 (1)
ghrp-6	73	5	10750044 (1), 17405826 (1), 8378260 (1)
ipamorelin	71	5	10496658 (1), 19289567 (1), 16648303 (1), 15556068 (1) (see all 5)
pegvisomant	64.4	2	11834429 (1)
acth	60.6	131	17280594 (7), 15860925 (5), 17566099 (5), 16832586 (5) (see all 51)
cinacalcet	53.7	1	18045826 (1)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about GHRL

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for GHRL gene (5 alternative transcripts):

NM_001134941.1 NM_001134944.1 NM_001134945.1 NM_001134946.1 NM_016362.3

Unigene Clusters for GHRL:

Ghrelin/obestatin prepropeptide

Hs.590080 [show with all ESTs], Hs.672979 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequences: NR_024132, NR_004431

17 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000335542(uc003bvk.3 uc010hdc.2 uc010hdd.2 uc010hde.2 uc010hdf.2 uc010hdi.2 uc010hdh.2 uc010hdj.2 uc010hdk.2)

ENST00000481287(uc003bvj.1) ENST00000491589 ENST00000430179 ENST00000422159

ENST00000449238 ENST00000437422 ENST00000287656 ENST00000457360 ENST00000439975

ENST00000446937 ENST00000429122 ENST00000475759(uc010hdb.1) ENST00000476283(uc010hda.1)

ENST00000425479 ENST00000450603 ENST00000449554

miRNA Products:		Browse 3'-UTR reporter clones for miRNA target validation Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat GHRL
		Search QIAGEN for miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate GHRL
		Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for GHRL (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: GHRL OriGene siRNA: GHRL
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat GHRL

Clone Products:		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for GHRL (see all 7) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for GHRL (see all 6) OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 5): GHRL (NM_016362)
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for GHRL
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat GHRL

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for GHRL Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat GHRL
		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat GHRL
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat GHRL

Additional cDNA sequence:

EF549558.1 EF549564.1 EF549568.1 EF549570.1 EU072081.1 EU072082.1 EU789528.1 EU789529.1

EU789530.1 EU789531.1 EU789532.1 EU789533.1 EU789534.1 EU789535.1 EU789536.1 EU789537.1

EU789538.1 EU789539.1 EU789540.1 EU789541.1 EU789542.1 EU789543.1 EU789544.1 EU789545.1

EU789546.1 EU789547.1 EU789549.1 EU789552.1 EU789555.1 NR_004431.2 NR_024144.1 NR_024145.1

NR_024146.1

8 DOTS entries:

DT.92051456 DT.429526 DT.209390 DT.95176326 DT.40256663 DT.100702383 DT.97803965 DT.40281435

24/26 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 26):

BM982194 BX093784 AB029434 CA449820 BE467043 BE327561 AY184207 AB035700

NM_016362 AI914471 BQ005395 BX118529 AA923146 AI368486 AI057396 AW026274

AI914338 AY359053 BC025791 BM854032 BI907288 AI338429 AI702963 BF929001

GeneLoc Exon Structure

3 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for GHRL About this scheme

ExUns:	1	^	2	^	3	^	4	^	5a	·	5b
SP1:
SP2:
SP3:							-

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for GHRL

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

GHRL expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: GCAGGCTCCA

About this image

GHRL expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

3 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Pancreas

Islets of Langerhans

Epsilon Cells

Selective marker (cell-identifying gene)

Pancreas

Dorsal Pancreatic Bud

Immature Beta Progenitor Cells

Pancreas

Ventral Pancreatic Bud

Immature Beta Progenitor Cells

Pancreas

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

Stem Cell Differentiation: 4 LifeMap Cells

Name

Category

Pancreatic endoderm/endocrine precursor-like cells (A scalable, suspensi...)

beta-like cells (Generation of beta c...)

Endocrine progenitors (Generation of pancre...)

Posterior foregut (Generation of pancre...)

See GHRL Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for GHRL

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene clusters: Hs.590080 Hs.672979

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GHRL_HUMAN, Q9UBU3

Tissue specificity: Highest level in stomach. All forms are found in serum as well. Other tissues compensate for the

loss of ghrelin synthesis in the stomach following gastrectomy

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including GHRL:

Terminal Differentiation Markers in human mouse rat

Obesity in human mouse rat

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for GHRL Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat GHRL
		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat GHRL
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat GHRL

In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for GHRL

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for GHRL gene from 2/7 species (see all 7) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
mouse (Mus musculus)	Mammalia	Ghrl^{1 , 5}	ghrelin^{1, 5}	85.47(n)¹ 83.76(a)¹		6 (52.84 cM)⁵ 58991¹ NM_021488.4¹ NP_067463.2¹ 113716119⁵
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	GHRL⁶	ghrelin preproprotein	38(a)	1 ↔ 1	12(20094804-20097505)

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for GHRL (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for GHRL (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 3 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs696217^1,2	C,F,A,H,	pathogenic	10331457(+)	`TTCCAG/TTTCAT`	20	M L	nc-transcript-variantint¹ mis¹		32		EA NA NS EU	10399
rs4684677^1,2	C,F,H,	other	10328453(+)	`GGTACT/AGAACC`	21	/Q /L	nc-transcript-variantint¹ mis¹ ese³		14		NS EA NA EU	6855
rs34911341^1,2	C,F,	other	10331519(+)	`GAGCTC/TGGGGC`	20	Q R	nc-transcript-variantint¹ mis¹		4		NA EU	5923
rs201295883^1,2		--	10327517(+)	`ATGAGC/TGCTTC`	17	--	nc-transcript-variantut3¹ int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs180790269^1,2	C,	--	10327618(+)	`GCACCG/ATCCTG`	17	--	int¹		1		EU	1323
rs75829178^1,2		--	10327699(+)	`GCCTTG/TGAGTC`	17	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs114837813^1,2	F,	--	10327711(+)	`GAGGGC/TGGCAC`	17	--	int¹		1		WA	118
rs116755162^1,2		--	10327767(+)	`GAGTCT/CTGGTT`	17	--	int¹		1		WA	118
rs185193841^1,2		--	10327868(+)	`TGCAGA/GTGTTT`	17	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs138877275^1,2		--	10327895(+)	`TTGGGC/TGGTTT`	17	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for GHRL (10327359 - 10334631 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for GHRL: --
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): GHRL

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

Search QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing GHRL

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for GHRL

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

GHRL for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 605353
OMIM disorders: 601665
20/173 diseases for GHRL (see all 173):    About MalaCards

acth-secreting pituitary adenoma growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma protein-energy malnutrition prader-willi syndrome

obsessive-compulsive disorder growth hormone deficiency multiple endocrine neoplasia bulimia nervosa

glucose intolerance eating disorder pancreatitis congenital diaphragmatic hernia

pituitary adenoma polycystic ovary syndrome short stature anorexia nervosa

precocious puberty gastroparesis nonalcoholic steatohepatitis non-hodgkin lymphoma

12 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for GHRL:

Prader-Willi syndrome Gastroparesis Diabetes mellitus Morbid obesity

Eating disorder Dyspepsia Ileus Polycystic ovary syndrome

Vascular disease Hyperinsulinism Gastritis Hyperglycemia

10/98 Novoseek disease relationships for GHRL gene (see all 98) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
obesity	80.5	389	17113660 (6), 15769982 (5), 19883981 (5), 17299069 (5) (see all 99)
anorexia nervosa	77.8	113	15104562 (5), 18380540 (4), 15998770 (2), 17395395 (2) (see all 61)
prader-willi syndrome	72.7	26	16887433 (2), 18603572 (2), 17047025 (2), 12466337 (1) (see all 21)
insulin sensitivity	71.9	90	15728212 (5), 16381992 (4), 15472202 (3), 15240647 (3) (see all 52)
insulin resistance	71.3	183	18350633 (5), 15994748 (4), 15070922 (4), 15538935 (4) (see all 96)
eating disorders	62.1	34	17616759 (4), 15682922 (3), 16131812 (2), 11720888 (2) (see all 22)
obesity morbid	59.2	8	17443025 (1), 19628651 (1), 15057669 (1), 16687021 (1) (see all 8)
polycystic ovary syndrome	55.2	33	17276431 (2), 18756827 (2), 18075283 (2), 18973889 (2) (see all 22)
hyperinsulinemia	54.4	30	15070922 (3), 15538935 (3), 15855322 (2), 17347858 (2) (see all 17)
gastroparesis	52.9	25	16868831 (6), 16225494 (3), 19082715 (2), 18946177 (2) (see all 13)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): GHRL
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: GHRL (79 documents)

Export disorders for GHRL gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for GHRL gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 1899):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with GHRL)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Identification and characterization of a novel gastric peptide hormone: the motilin-related peptide. (PubMed id 10930375)^{1, 2, 3} Tomasetto C.... Rio M.-C. (2000)
Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach. (PubMed id 10604470)^{1, 2, 3} Kojima M.... Kangawa K. (1999)
Structural divergence of human ghrelin. Identification of multiple ghrelin-derived molecules produced by post-translational processing. (PubMed id 12414809)^{1, 2, 9} Hosoda H.... Kangawa K. (2003)
Polymorphisms in ghrelin and neuropeptide Y genes are associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. (PubMed id 15894681)^{1, 4, 9} Skibola D.R....Holly E.A. (2005)
Variants in the ghrelin gene are associated with metabolic syndrome in the Old Order Amish. (PubMed id 16204371)^{1, 4, 9} Steinle N.I....Shuldiner A.R. (2005)
Molecular screening of the ghrelin gene in Italian obese children: the Leu72Met variant is associated with an earlier onset of obesity. (PubMed id 14724664)^{1, 4, 9} Miraglia del Giudice E....Perrone L. (2004)
Mutations in the preproghrelin/ghrelin gene associated with obesity in humans. (PubMed id 11502844)^{1, 4, 9} Ukkola O....Bouchard C. (2001)
Ghrelin gene polymorphisms and ghrelin, insulin, IGF-I, leptin and anthropometric data in children and adolescents. (PubMed id 15248833)^{1, 4, 9} Vivenza D....Bona G. (2004)
Ghrelin Arg51Gln mutation is a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes and hypertension in a random sample of middle-aged subjects. (PubMed id 12739020)^{1, 4, 9} Poykko S....Kesaniemi Y.A. (2003)
Revised genomic structure of the human ghrelin gene and identification of novel exons, alternative splice variants and natural antisense transcripts. (PubMed id 17727735)^{1, 2} Seim I.... Chopin L.K. (2007)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 51738	HGNC: 18129	AceView: GHRL	Ensembl:ENSG00000157017	euGenes: HUgn51738
ECgene: GHRL	H-InvDB: GHRL

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for GHRL	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for GHRL	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Protein Spotlight	http://web.expasy.org/spotlight/back_issues/sptlt066.shtml
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghrelin

Intellectual Property for GHRL gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

About This Section

Patent Information for GHRL gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving GHRL

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences),
In Situ Hybridization Assays from
Advanced Cell Diagnostics
About This Section

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
	Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
	Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
	EMD Millipore Kits and Assays for the Analysis of GHRL
	EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of GHRL
	Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

	EMD Millipore Custom Antibody & Bulk Services
	EMD Millipore Preclinical / Clinical Development Services
	EMD Millipore Immunoassay Services
	EMD Millipore Target Screening & Profiling Services

	Browse Antibodies		Browse Cell Culture Products
	Browse ELISAs		Browse Flow Cytometry Kits
	Browse Primer Pairs		Browse Kinase Activity Assays/Reagents
	Browse ELISpot Kits/Development Modules		Browse TFB/Immunoprecipitation Assays
	Browse Apoptosis Detection Kits/Reagents		Browse Ubiquitin Proteasome Pathway (UPP) Assay Kits/Reagents
	Browse DNA Damage/Repair Kits/Reagents		Browse Multiplex/Array Assay Kits/Reagents
	Browse Cell Selection/Detection Kits/Reagents		Browse Secondary Antibodies/Controls/Staining Reagents
	Browse Phosphatase Activity Assays/Reagents		Browse Recombinant/Natural Proteins

	OriGene Antibodies for GHRL		OriGene shRNA RFP for GHRL
	OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for GHRL		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for GHRL
	OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate for GHRL		Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	OriGene siRNA for GHRL		Browse 3'-UTR reporter clones for miRNA target validation
	OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for GHRL		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for GHRL
	Browse OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector		Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
	Browse OriGene basic RS shRNAs		Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
	Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells		OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
	OriGene Custom Antibody Services for GHRL		OriGene Custom Protein Services for GHRL
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development

	QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of in human, mouse, rat GHRL
	Search QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing GHRL
	QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat GHRL
	QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat GHRL
	QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat GHRL
	QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat GHRL

	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for GHRL		GenScript cDNA clones with any tag delivered in your preferred vector for GHRL
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for GHRL		GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for GHRL
	GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for GHRL		CloneReady with Over 120,000 Genes
	Gene Synthesis: Any Gene in Any Vector		Vector-based siRNA and miRNA, Ready for Transfection
	Gene Mutant Library, Variants up to 10^11		Plasmid Preparation
	Custom Peptide Services

Search for Antibodies & Assays

	Regulatory tfbs in GHRL promoter
	Search Chromatin IP Primers for GHRL
	RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat GHRL
	GNC Network for GHRL
	SABiosciences PCR Arrays including human, mouse, rat GHRL

Search Tocris compounds for GHRL

	Browse Sino Biological Proteins and Antibodies
	Browse Sino Biological cDNA Clones
	Antibodies/Proteins Production Services
	Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody Platform
	Bulk Purchasing

	Drugs for GHRL
	Search www.enzolifesciences.com for proteins, assays, substrates, inhibitors & antibodies

	Novus Tissue Slides
	GHRL antibodies
	GHRL proteins
	GHRL lysates

	Search for Antibodies for GHRL at Abcam
	See all of Abcam's Antibodies, Kits and Proteins for GHRL
	Custom Antibody / Protein Production Service
	Bulk Purchasing
	Advantages of Rabbit Monoclonal antibodies
	Abcam protocols and scientific support

Recombinant Protein for GHRL

GHRL Proteins, Antibodies, CLIAs, and ELISAs

Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for GHRL

	Gene Synthesis
	Protein Engineering
	Variant Library Synthesis
	Codon Optimization
	Protein Production and Purification

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for GHRL

	Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids for GHRL
	SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids for GHRL

ThermoFisher Antibody for GHRL

Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat GHRL

GeneCards Homepage - Last full update: 19 Mar 2013 - Incrementals: 21 Mar 2013 , 15 Apr 2013 , 26 Apr 2013

View Random Gene

Category			VWF (GIFTS: 73) von Willebrand factor
GIFtS Group

The GeneCards human gene database gene index: 1 3 5 6 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

The GeneCards Human Gene Database

Developed at the Crown Human Genome Center, Department of Molecular Genetics, the Weizmann Institute of Science

Hot genes Disease genes GHRL gene at Home site.

hostname: 356980-web2.xennexinc.com index build: 100 solr: 1.4

Advanced Search

Export list of displayed genes

GHRL Gene

ghrelin/obestatin prepropeptide

Aliases
for GHRL gene

Summaries
for GHRL gene

Genomic Views
for GHRL gene

Proteins
for GHRL gene

Protein Domains /
Families
for GHRL gene

Function
for GHRL gene

Pathways & Interactions
for GHRL gene

Drugs & Compounds
for GHRL gene

Transcripts
for GHRL gene

Expression
for GHRL gene

Orthologs
for GHRL gene

Paralogs
for GHRL gene

Genomic Variants
for GHRL gene

Disorders / Diseases
for GHRL gene

Publications
for GHRL gene

External Searches for GHRL gene

Genome Databases showing GHRL gene

Other Databases showing GHRL gene

Specialized Databases showing GHRL gene

Intellectual Property
for GHRL gene

Products
for GHRL gene

View Random Gene

Hyperinsulinemia
Pituitary Tumors
Obesity Morbid
Eating Disorders
Binge eating disorder
Glucose Intolerance
Binge Eating
insulin sensitivity
Ischemia
Atherosclerosis
Tonsillar Hypertrophy
Hyperthyroidism
Edema
Gastrointestinal Diseases
Hypoglycemia
Asthma
Adenocarcinoma
Gastroparesis
THYROID CARCINOMA MEDULLARY
Gastric mucosal atrophy
Hypopituitarism
GASTRITIS CHRONIC
motility disorder
Colorectal Cancer
Epilepsy
PANCREAS EXOCRINE
Malnutrition
Infantile colic
Inflammation
SHORT STATURE
Insulinoma
Hyperglycemia
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1
Anemia
Hypertrophy
Rheumatoid Arthritis
prostate cancer
Cardiovascular Diseases
Tumors
Bulimia Nervosa
metabolic disorder
Necrosis
Celiac Disease
Hyperinsulinism
Anovulation
Cushing Syndrome
Chronic Disease
major depression
Gastric Cancer
Gastritis Atrophic
Melanoma
BREAST CARCINOMA
Autoimmune Diseases
insulin tolerance
Anorexia Nervosa
gastric disorder
Malabsorption
PITUITARY ADENOMA
Carcinoma
INFARCT
Hypothyroidism
Acromegaly
Diabetes Mellitus
Alcoholism
Endocrine Effects
HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Carcinoid
Effects Cardiovascular
Glucagonoma
DIABETIC GASTROPARESIS
hypercortisolism
gastric ulcer
Cancer Lung
HEART FAILURE
Myocardial Infarction
Neuroendocrine Tumors
FUNCTIONAL DYSPEPSIA
Coronary Artery Disease
Wasting Syndrome
Insulin Resistance
growth hormone deficiency
Ascites
impaired glucose tolerance
Adenoma
OBESITY
nutritional disorder
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Gastritis
STROKE
DYSFUNCTION THYROID
Hashimotos Thyroiditis
NIDDM
Prader-Willi Syndrome
Growth retardation
Polycystic ovaries
Renal Failure Chronic
Hypogonadism
Arthritis

Advanced Search

Export list of displayed genes

GHRL Gene

ghrelin/obestatin prepropeptide

Aliasesfor GHRL gene

Summariesfor GHRL gene

Genomic Viewsfor GHRL gene

Proteinsfor GHRL gene

Protein Domains /Familiesfor GHRL gene

Functionfor GHRL gene

Pathways & Interactionsfor GHRL gene

Drugs & Compoundsfor GHRL gene

Transcriptsfor GHRL gene

Expression for GHRL gene

Orthologsfor GHRL gene

Paralogsfor GHRL gene

Genomic Variantsfor GHRL gene

Disorders / Diseasesfor GHRL gene

Publicationsfor GHRL gene

External Searches for GHRL gene

Genome Databases showing GHRL gene

Other Databases showing GHRL gene

Specialized Databases showing GHRL gene

Intellectual Propertyfor GHRL gene

Productsfor GHRL gene

View Random Gene

Aliases
for GHRL gene

Summaries
for GHRL gene

Genomic Views
for GHRL gene

Proteins
for GHRL gene

Protein Domains /
Families
for GHRL gene

Function
for GHRL gene

Pathways & Interactions
for GHRL gene

Drugs & Compounds
for GHRL gene

Transcripts
for GHRL gene

Expression
for GHRL gene

Orthologs
for GHRL gene

Paralogs
for GHRL gene

Genomic Variants
for GHRL gene

Disorders / Diseases
for GHRL gene

Publications
for GHRL gene

Intellectual Property
for GHRL gene

Products
for GHRL gene