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Aliases & Descriptions for GAST
(According to
1HGNC,
2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc
, and/or 7Ensembl,
8miRBase) About This Section
|
| Aliases |
|---|
| GAS 2, 3, 5 | | gastrin 2 |
| | |
| | Search outside databases for aliases for GAST gene |
Summaries for GAST(According to Entrez Gene,
Wikipedia's
Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
and/or
UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
| EntrezGene summary for GAST: Gastrin is a hormone whose main function is to stimulate secretion of hydrochloric acid by the gastric mucosa, which results in gastrin formation inhibition. This hormone also acts as a mitogenic factor for gastrointestinal epithelial cells. Gastrin has two biologically active peptide forms, G34 and G17. [provided by RefSeq] UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GAST_HUMAN, P01350Function: Gastrin stimulates the stomach mucosa to produce and secrete hydrochloric acid and the pancreas to secrete its digestive enzymes. It also stimulates smooth muscle contraction and increases blood circulation and water secretion in the stomach and intestineGene Wiki entry for GAST (Gastrin) |
Genomic Location for GAST
(According to
GeneLoc and/or
HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 36),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to
UCSC and
Ensembl,
Transcription factor binding sites according to
SABiosciences) About This Section
| Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
Transcription factor binding sites upstream to the GAST gene 
Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 17q21 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 17q21.2 HGNC cytogenetic band: 17qGAST Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
 GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 17 GeneLoc Exon Structure GeneLoc location for GC17P037124:
(about GC identifiers)
Start:
|
37,122,139 bp from pter |
End:
|
37,125,747 bp from pter |
Size:
|
3,609 bases |
Orientation:
|
plus strand |
RefSeq DNA sequence:- NC_000017.9 NT_010755.15
| Proteins for GAST
(According to
1UniProtKB,
and/or Ensembl,
Phosphorylation sites according to 2Phosphosite,
RefSeq according to NCBI,
PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia,
Recombinant Proteins
from Invitrogen,
Millipore,
Sigma-Aldrich,
R&D Systems,
Enzo Life Sciences,
Abnova,
OriGene and/or,
Abcam,
Biochemical Assays by
Invitrogen,
Millipore,
R&D Systems,
Cell Signaling Technology, and/or
Enzo Life Sciences,
Ontologies according to Gene
Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 and
Entrez Gene,
Antibodies by Invitrogen,
Millipore,
Sigma-Aldrich,
R&D Systems,
Cell Signaling Technology,
Abcam,
Abnova, and/or
Novus Biologicals)
About This Section
| UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GAST_HUMAN, P01350 (See
protein sequence)Recommended Name: Gastrin precursor Size: 101 amino acids; 11394 Da
Subcellular location: Secreted
Secondary accessions: P78463 P78464Post-translational modifications:
Two different processing pathways probably exist in antral G-cells. In the dominant pathway progastrin is cleaved at three sites resulting in two major bioactive gastrins, gastrin-34 and gastrin-17. In the putative alternative pathway, progastrin may be processed only at the most C-terminal dibasic site resulting in the synthesis of gastrin-711
Sulfation enhances proteolytic processing, and blocks peptide degradation. Levels of sulfation differ between proteolytically-cleaved gastrins. Thus, gastrin-6 is almost 73% sulfated, whereas the larger gastrins are less than 50% sulfated. Sulfation levels are also tissue-specific1
View phosphorylation sites using PhosphoSite2
REFSEQ proteins: NP_000796.1
ENSEMBL proteins: ENSP00000331358
Human Recombinant Proteins Browse Origene for full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells 
1 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component term (links to tree view): | GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|
| GO:0005576 | extracellular region |
IEA | -- | About this table
Antibodies for GAST: Assays for GAST: | Protein
Domains/ Families for GAST(According to InterPro, ProtoNet,
UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section
| - Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P01350
ProtoNet protein and cluster: P01350 1 Blocks protein family: IPB001651 Gastrin/cholecystokinin peptide hormone
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GAST_HUMAN, P01350Similarity: Belongs to the gastrin/cholecystokinin family | Gene Function for GAST
(According to MGI Jun 06 2009, UniProtKB,
IUBMB,and/or Genatlas,
shRNA from
OriGene,
Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from
Sigma-Aldrich,
RNAi Products,
Clones, and
Q-PCR Products
from Invitrogen,
Millipore,
OriGene, and/or
Abnova,
siRNAs from
Applied Biosystems,
SYBR primers from OriGene,
Cell-based Assays from Millipore,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via
Entrez Gene.)
About This Section
|               OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_000805
Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs for GAST
Sigma-Aldrich siRNA for GAST  Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for GAST  Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs 
              OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000805                                  Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000805                                  untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000805 
Primers: Browse
Quantitative PCR Central at Invitrogen for Q-PCR LUX™ Primers               OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: NM_000805
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GAST_HUMAN, P01350Function: Gastrin stimulates the stomach mucosa to produce and secrete hydrochloric acid and the pancreas to secrete its digestive enzymes. It also stimulates smooth muscle contraction and increases blood circulation and water secretion in the stomach and intestine6 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 4 alleles ) (MGI details for Gast):
2 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (links to tree view): About this table | Pathways & Interactions for GAST
(Pathways according to Invitrogen
(maps by GeneGo),
Millipore,
Cell Signaling Technology,
Sigma-Aldrich,
KEGG
and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
Proteins Network according to
SABiosciences,
Interactions according to 1UniProtKB,
2MINT, and/or
3STRING,
with links to IntAct and
Ensembl,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via
Entrez Gene.)
About This Section
| 1 Sigma-Aldrich "Your Favorite Gene" Pathway for GAST (Your Favorite Gene powered by Ingenuity) 
Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for GAST 
5/75 Interacting proteins for GAST (ENSP000003313583) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING (see all 75
)About this table
1 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process term (links to tree view): About this table
|
Drugs & Compounds for GAST(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences,
Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or
Novoseek and Drugs according to
Enzo Life Sciences and/or
PharmGKB)
About This Section
|
Browse Tocris compounds for GAST 10/44 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for GAST gene (see all 44
)
| Compound |
Score |
Articles |
PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences) |
| pro-gastrin |
94.82 |
205 |
14627349 (7), 16615003 (6), 12825873 (6), 11115822 (5) (see all 73) |
| gastrin 17 |
87.27 |
10 |
16143134 (7), 15362871 (1), 7851540 (1) |
| preprogastrin |
83.60 |
8 |
1773057 (2), 15486344 (2), 2218398 (1) |
| pepsinogen |
82.31 |
112 |
15298602 (7), 10102232 (7), 8642157 (6), 8053437 (5) (see all 36) |
| minigastrin |
82.19 |
1 |
16204724 (1) |
| spiroglumide |
74.70 |
3 |
12921485 (1), 10093002 (1), 8813647 (1) |
| l365260 |
74.56 |
16 |
8942742 (2), 7890609 (2), 9834332 (2), 18310296 (1) (see all 8) |
| antigastrin |
72.74 |
1 |
8562170 (1) |
| oxyntomodulin |
70.76 |
11 |
1806810 (1), 10532260 (1), 11054648 (1), 18803943 (1) (see all 10) |
| phenylalanine amide |
68.02 |
1 |
2360639 (1) |
About this table
|
Transcripts for GAST(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene
(Build 219 Homo sapiens; Jun 2 2009) or GenBank, RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or
AceView,
non coding RNAs according to
RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc,
alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or
ECgene,
RNAi Products from Invitrogen,
Millipore, and/or
Abnova,
siRNAs from Applied Biosystems,
Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from
Sigma-Aldrich,
OriGene,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from
OriGene, Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems) About This Section
|               OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_000805
Sigma-Aldrich siRNA for GAST  Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for GAST  Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs 
Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs: NM_000805 REFSEQ mRNAs for GAST gene: NM_000805.3
Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays: NM_000805               OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000805                                  Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000805                                  untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000805  Additional cDNA sequence: BC069724.1 BC069762.1 V00511.1 1 DOTS entry: DT.97843366 24/26 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 26
):BM765898 BQ084163 BM855359 BM856458 BM855583 BQ083239 BM768289 BM854018 V00511 BM854691 BM855834 BM856563 BM830473 BM768748 BM850374 BM855860 NM_000805 BM853900 BM768483 BC069762 BM768337 BM856272 BC069724 BM855956
highest scoring ESTs for GAST:V00511 BC069724 BC069762 BM765898 BM768289 BM768337 BM768483 BM768748 BM768762 BM830473 Unigene Cluster for GAST: Gastrin Hs.2681 [show with all ESTs]Unigene Representative Sequence: BM768289
GeneLoc Exon Structure
1 Ensembl transcript including schematic representation: ENST00000329402
|
Expression for GAST
(Experimental results according to
1GeneNote
and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to
2GeneAnnot ,
3GeneTide ,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
Electronic Northern calculations according to data from
UniGene (Build 219 Homo sapiens),
SAGE tags according to
CGAP,
plus additional links to
SOURCE, and/or
GNF
BioGPS, and/or
EXPOLDB, and/or
UniProtKB,
Expression Assays from
Applied Biosystems
)
About This Section
| GAST expression in normal and diseased human tissues
Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays for GAST
1 / 2 / 3 3 probe-sets matching GAST gene Data from
(Publications) and GNF BioGPS About these images About these images
CGAP SAGE TAG: GCTGGAGGAA
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.2681
Expression variation in blood from EXPOLDB for GAST |
Orthologs for GAST
(Orthologs according to
1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version),
3euGenes,
4SGD
and/or
5MGI Jun 06 2009,
with possible further links to
Flybase
and/or
WormBase,
Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section
|
Orthologs for GAST gene from 4 species
About this table Species with no ortholog for GAST
ENSEMBL Gene Tree for GAST | Paralogs for GAST(Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene and 2Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to 3Pseudogene.org) About This Section
| -- |
SNPs/Variants for GAST(According to the
1NCBI SNP Database,
2Ensembl,
3PupaSUITE, and
UniProtKB,
Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap,
Genotyping Reagents from
Applied Biosystems)
About This Section
|
HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for GAST (up to first 250kb)
|
Disorders & Mutations for GAST
(in which this Gene is Involved, According to
OMIM, UniProtKB,
Novoseek, PharmGKB,
Genatlas, GeneTests,
Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT,
HGMD, GAD,
HuGE Navigator,
BCGD,
and/or TGDB.)
About This Section
|
OMIM: 137250
10/96 Novoseek disease relationships for GAST gene (see all 96
)
| Disease |
Score |
Articles |
PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences) |
| zollinger-ellison syndrome |
93.89 |
52 |
11136282 (2), 2103752 (2), 2188384 (1), 1940201 (1) (see all 44) |
| gastrinoma |
93.52 |
119 |
9605259 (4), 11095444 (3), 2322109 (3), 2129824 (3) (see all 69) |
| gastritis atrophic |
88.10 |
72 |
2323589 (5), 15932170 (3), 17261130 (3), 8723421 (2) (see all 42) |
| duodenal ulcer |
86.32 |
170 |
2019363 (5), 7924733 (4), 8098023 (4), 16610039 (4) (see all 99) |
| gastritis |
85.10 |
119 |
18237867 (5), 8053437 (3), 9759944 (3), 15191513 (2) (see all 74) |
| carcinoid |
85.02 |
89 |
9465604 (3), 2049096 (3), 9752879 (3), 8204017 (2) (see all 63) |
| achlorhydria |
83.92 |
14 |
10418939 (4), 17985088 (1), 19172694 (1), 17101553 (1) (see all 9) |
| multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 |
82.07 |
20 |
1802924 (3), 11419921 (2), 8924487 (2), 8102327 (1) (see all 11) |
| ovarian stromal cancer |
80.40 |
1 |
9575243 (1) |
| hypochlorhydria |
79.18 |
11 |
7859584 (2), 8578237 (1), 16409664 (1), 19115463 (1) (see all 8) |
About this table
|
Medical News for GAST(Possibly Related Articles in
Doctor's Guide)
About This Section
| |
Publications for GAST (in
PubMed.
Associations of this gene to articles via
1Novoseek,
2HGNC,
3Entrez Gene,
4UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
5UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
6GAD, and/or
7PharmGKB)
About This Section
| 10/1569 PubMed articles for GAST gene (see all 1569
):- Identification of gastrin component I as gastrin-71. The largest possible bioactive progastrin product. (PubMed id 8055952)1, 3, 4 Rehfeld J.F. and Johnsen A.H. (1994)
- Post-poly(Glu) cleavage and degradation modified by O-sulfated tyrosine: a novel post-translational processing mechanism. (PubMed id 7530658)1, 3, 4 Rehfeld J.F.... Johnsen A.H. (1995)
- The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)3, 4 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
- Purification and structural determination of urinary NH2-terminal big gastrin fragments. (PubMed id 2730647)3, 4 Higashimoto Y....Tarui S. (1989)
- Expression of human gastrin gene in normal and gastrinoma tissues. (PubMed id 3034736)3, 4 Kariya Y.... Matsubara K. (1986)
- Structure of a human gastrin gene. (PubMed id 6322186)3, 4 Wiborg O.... Vuust J. (1984)
- Structural analysis of the gene encoding human gastrin: the large intron contains an Alu sequence. (PubMed id 6087340)3, 4 Ito R.... Agarwal K.L. (1984)
- Molecular cloning of human gastrin precursor cDNA. (PubMed id 6689486)3, 4 Kato K....Matsubara K. (1983)
- Molecular cloning of the human gastrin gene. (PubMed id 6324077)3, 4 Kato K.... Matsubara K. (1983)
- Molecular cloning of human gastrin cDNA: evidence for evolution of gastrin by gene duplication. (PubMed id 6574456)3, 4 Boel E....Marcker K.A. (1983)
|
Search for GAST
(in PubMed,
OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf) About This Section
|
|
Genome Databases showing GAST
(According to
Entrez Gene,
HGNC,
AceView,
euGenes,
Ensembl,
miRBase,
ECgene,
and/or
H-InvDB)
About This Section
|
| Other Databases showing GAST
(According to HUGE)
About This Section
| -- |
Specialized Databases showing GAST(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL, Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) About This Section
|
| Name | Description |
| Wikipedia | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrin |
|
| | | About This Section
| --
| Services for GAST(Reagents available from Applied Biosystems, Antibodies and assays by Cell
Signaling Technology, Abcam, Novus Biologicals, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Millipore, Abnova, and/or Invitrogen, Clones available from OriGene,and/or Invitrogen, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Tocris Bioscience) About This Section
| 
 Products for GAST:

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| Antibodies & Assays for GAST  (Gastrin Precursor) |
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GeneCards Homepage - Last full update: 2 Jul 2009
Incremental update: 13 Oct 2009
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