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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

GALR1 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 62
GCID: GC18P074962

galanin receptor 1


(Previous symbols: GALNR1, GALNR)
 Explore 11 diseases affiliated with
GALR1 via our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for GALR1
    

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Galanin Receptor 11 2
GALNR1 2 3 5
GALNR11 2 3 5
GAL1-R2 3
GALR-12 3
Galanin Receptor Type 12

External Ids:    HGNC: 41321   Entrez Gene: 25872   Ensembl: ENSG000001665737   OMIM: 6003775   UniProtKB: P472113   

Export aliases for GALR1 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC18M074531 GC18P075110 GC18P074724 GC18P073088 GC18P073090 GC18P071642


(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for GALR1:
The neuropeptide galanin elicits a range of biological effects by interaction with specific G-protein-coupled
receptors. Galanin receptors are seven-transmembrane proteins shown to activate a variety of intracellular
second-messenger pathways. GALR1 inhibits adenylyl cyclase via a G protein of the Gi/Go family. GALR1 is widely
expressed in the brain and spinal cord, as well as in peripheral sites such as the small intestine and heart.
(provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GALR1_HUMAN, P47211
Function: Receptor for the hormone galanin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit
adenylate cyclase activity

summary for GALR1:
Galanin is widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous systems and the endocrine system. Three
different galanin receptors (GAL1-3) have been identified which are Gi/o-protein-coupled. They are highly
expressed in hypothalamic nuclei and the brainstem. In addition, they are found in proliferating zones of
the fetal and adult brain and in peripheral tissues including the pancreas, heart, skin and gastrointestinal
tract. Galanin receptors mediate a variety of physiological functions including inhibition of
glucose-induced insulin secretion, stimulation of growth hormone release and modulation of gastrointestinal
motility. These receptors also modulate neuronal functions including memory, nociception, spinal reflexes
and feeding. Disruption of galanin expression or galanin receptor signaling is seen in many multifactoral
conditions, suggesting a role in the development and/or pathology of certain diseases. These include
Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, diabetes, alcoholism, neuropathic pain and cancer.

Gene Wiki entry for GALR1 (Galanin receptor 1)


(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000018.9  NC_018929.1  NT_025028.14  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the GALR1 gene promoter:
         Bach1   AhR   FOXD3   S8   PPAR-gamma1   POU2F1   POU2F1a   Msx-1   PPAR-gamma2   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmidGALR1 promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for GALR1

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat GALR1


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 18q23   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  18q23   HGNC cytogenetic band: 18q23

GALR1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
GALR1 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 18         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC18P074962:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
74,962,008 bp from pter      End:
74,982,098 bp from pter
Size:
20,091 bases      Orientation:
plus strand

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GALR1_HUMAN, P47211 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Galanin receptor type 1  
Size: 349 amino acids; 38953 Da
Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein
Secondary accessions: Q4VBL7

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for GALR1: NX_P47211

Post-translational modifications:

  • Palmitoylated on at least one of the three cysteine residues present in the C-terminal part1
  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P47211

  • GALR1 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins: NP_001471.2  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000299727  
    Reactome Protein details: P47211
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    Uscn Proteins for GALR1

    Gene Ontology (GO): 2 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005886plasma membrane TAS--
    GO:0016021integral to membrane IEA--


    GALR1 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



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    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    GALR1 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    4 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR017452 GPCR_Rhodpsn_7TM
     IPR003906 Galnin_1_rcpt
     IPR000405 Galanin_rcpt
     IPR000276 GPCR_Rhodpsn

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P47211

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P47211

    2 Blocks protein families:
    IPB000405 Galanin receptor signature
    IPB003906 Galanin 1 receptor signature


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GALR1_HUMAN, P47211
    Similarity: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family


    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: GALR1_HUMAN, P47211
    Function: Receptor for the hormone galanin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit
    adenylate cyclase activity

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for GALR1:
    galanin receptor 1,G protein coupled receptor superfamily,linked to voltage gated calcium channel,expressed in
    brain,also coexpressed with GALN in ciliary epithelium predominantly signaling through inhibition of adenylate cyclase

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    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmidGALR1 3' UTR sequence
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    Gene Ontology (GO): 2 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0004966galanin receptor activity IEA--
    GO:0042923neuropeptide binding IEA--


    GALR1 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    1 GenomeRNAi human phenotype for GALR1:
     Increased HPV18 LCR reporter a 

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-out Galr1tm1Tpi for GALR1
         2 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 2 alleles(MGI details for Galr1):
     behavior/neurological  normal 

    GALR1 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways  About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
    Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)1.00
    G alpha (i) signalling events0.44
    GPCR ligand binding0.75
    GPCRs, Class A Rhodopsin-like0.41
    Peptide ligand-binding receptors0.61
    Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction0.38
    2Signaling by GPCR
    Signaling by GPCR1.00
    Signal Transduction0.56
    GPCR downstream signaling0.89
    3Neuropeptides signaling through G-protein alpha-i & G-protein alpha-q
    Neuropeptides signaling through G-protein alpha-i & G-protein alpha-q1.00
    Peptide GPCRs0.46

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    1 EMD Millipore Pathway for GALR1
        Neuropeptides signaling through G-protein alpha-i & G-protein alpha-q


    2 BioSystems Pathways for GALR1 
        GPCRs, Class A Rhodopsin-like
    Peptide GPCRs

    5/7        Reactome Pathways for GALR1 (see all 7)
        GPCR downstream signaling
    Peptide ligand-binding receptors
    Signal Transduction
    Signaling by GPCR
    G alpha (i) signalling events


    1         Kegg Pathway  (Kegg details for GALR1):
        Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction


    GALR1 for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for GALR1

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/143 Interacting proteins for GALR1 (P472113 ENSP000002997274) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 143)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    GALP224663, ENSP000002656434I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000265643
    ADCY2ENSP000003429524STRING: ENSP00000342952
    ADCY5ENSP000004193614STRING: ENSP00000419361
    ADCY9ENSP000002940164STRING: ENSP00000294016
    GALR2ENSP000003296844STRING: ENSP00000329684
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0007186G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway ----
    GO:0007189adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway IEA--
    GO:0007194negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity TAS7524088
    GO:0007218neuropeptide signaling pathway TAS7524088
    GO:0007586digestion TAS8670213


    GALR1 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    GALR1 for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Compounds for GALR1 available from Tocris Bioscience    About this table
    CompoundAction CAS #
    M617Selective GAL1 agonist[860790-38-1]
    Galanin (1-29) (rat, mouse) Non-selective galanin receptor agonist[114547-31-8]
    Galanin (porcine)Galanin receptor agonist[88813-36-9]
    GalnonNon-selective galanin receptor agonist[475115-35-6]
    Galanin (1-30) (human)Endogenous galanin receptor agonist[119418-04-1]
    3 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for GALR1 gene    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    galp 76.8 1 15944009 (1)
    adenylate 34.3 3 17982695 (2), 9832121 (1)
    calcium 0 2 9832121 (1), 11567049 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about GALR1 

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section

    REFSEQ mRNAs for GALR1 gene: 
    NM_001480.3  

    Unigene Cluster for GALR1:

    Galanin receptor 1
    Hs.272191  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001480
    2 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000299727(uc002lms.4) ENST00000582943

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    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AY541036.1 BC095530.1 L34339.1 U23854.1 U53511.1 

    1 DOTS entry:

    DT.75139260 

    10 AceView cDNA sequences:

    BF445747 BX282079 U23854 BV198993 AA952998 U53511 AY541036 CF147813 
    L34339 NM_001480 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure


    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    GALR1 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: AAAATATTAA

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)

    About this image
    See GALR1 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for GALR1

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.272191
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including GALR1: 
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              Neurotrophins & Receptors in human mouse rat
              Obesity in human mouse rat

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    In Situ
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    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section

    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

    Orthologs for GALR1 gene from 5/17 species (see all 17)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification
    Gene Description Human
    Similarity
    Orthology
    Type
    Details
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)
    Aves GALR11 galanin receptor 1 84.59(n)
    88.22(a)
      428512  NM_001128062.1  NP_001121534.1 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)
    Reptilia GALR16
    --
    79(a)
    1 ↔ 1
    4(51162371-51195455)
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)
    Actinopterygii LOC5678201 similar to galanin receptor 69.82(n)
    74.39(a)
      567820  XM_691123.1  XP_696215.1 
    honey bee
    (Apis mellifera)
    Insecta --
    --
    --
    19(a)
    14(a)
    possible ortholog
    possible ortholog
    Group14.4(591732-626496)
    Group14.4(591732-636552)
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)
    Secernentea ZK455.33 G-protein coupled receptor 30(a)   X(11363821-11367302)   --


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for GALR1 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for GALR1 (if available) 

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for GALR1 gene
    SSTR32  OPRD12  SSTR42  GALR22  MCHR22  SSTR12  GALR32  OPRL12  
    NPBWR12  OPRK12  KISS1R2  SSTR52  SSTR22  OPRM12  MCHR12  NPBWR22  
    18/33 SIMAP similar genes for GALR1 using alignment to 1 protein entry:     GALR1_HUMAN(see all similar genes):
    GALR2    CMKLR1    GPR18    GALR3    OPRD1    PRLHR
    SSTR2    SSTR3    BRS3    CHRM2    OPRK1    SSTR1
    OPRM1    QRFPR    CCR5    NPY2R    KISS1R    LTB4R

    GALR1 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/521 NCBI SNPs in GALR1 are shown (see all 521    About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance
    Chr 18 posSequence#AA
    Chg
    TypeMore#Allele
    freq
    PopTotal
    sample
    More
    ----------
    rs1821296221,2
    --74960008(+) GTTAGC/TAATAA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1880591201,2
    --74960139(+) AGGAAA/GGCTGT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs782994441,2
    --74960237(+) CAAAAC/TATGTA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1415903051,2
    C,--74960310(+) ATATA-/TTAT  
            
    TTAAG
    1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1910327001,2
    --74960385(+) GAGATA/TGTGGG 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1391513851,2
    C,--74960389(+) TAGTG-/GGAGAGGT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1471538601,2
    --74960700(+) AGGTCG/TGGGCA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1831411991,2
    --74960807(+) CCTTGC/TAAGGA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1883276101,2
    --74960833(+) ATGTAC/GATAAA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1403447251,2
    --74960997(+) ACTGCA/GTCCGC 1 -- us2k10--------

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for GALR1 (74962008 - 74982098 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
    Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 6 variations for GALR1
         4 CNVs: 77953 4063 88948 8860
         2 Indels: 61644 45693
    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): GALR1

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    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    GALR1 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 600377    OMIM disorders: --

    11 diseases for GALR1:    About MalaCards
    alzheimer's disease    oral squamous cell carcinoma    anorexia nervosa    squamous cell carcinoma
    alcoholism    neuronitis    hermaphroditism    obesity
    carcinoma    esophagitis    adenocarcinoma

    5 Novoseek disease relationships for GALR1 gene    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    pathological processes 32 1 18500647 (1)
    mood disorders 24 1 18500647 (1)
    alzheimers disease 22 3 18500647 (1), 19159918 (1)
    obesity 0 4 15930442 (3)
    melanoma 0 1 15464198 (1)

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): GALR1
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: GALR1 (9 documents)

    Export disorders for GALR1 gene to outside databases

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for GALR1 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 78):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with GALR1)
        Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Molecular cloning of a functional human galanin receptor. (PubMed id 7524088)1, 2, 3 Habert-Ortoli E.... Mayaux J.-F. (1994)
    2. Human galanin (GAL) and galanin 1 receptor (GALR1) variations are not involved in fat intake and early onset obesity. (PubMed id 15930442)1, 4, 9 Schauble N....Hinney A. (2005)
    3. Structural organization of the mouse and human GALR1 galanin receptor genes (Galnr and GALNR) and chromosomal localization of the mouse gene. (PubMed id 9367674)1, 2, 9 Jacoby A.S.... Iismaa T.P. (1997)
    4. Cloning, chromosomal location, and transcriptional regulation of the human galanin-1 receptor gene (GALN1R). (PubMed id 9425310)1, 2, 9 Lorimer D.D.... Benya R.V. (1997)
    5. Epigenetic inactivation of galanin receptor 1 in head and neck cancer. (PubMed id 19047085)1, 9 Misawa K....Carey T.E. (2008)
    6. Galanin receptor 1 has anti-proliferative effects in oral squamous cell carcinoma. (PubMed id 15767248)1, 9 Henson B.S....D'Silva N.J. (2005)
    7. Galanin stimulates cortisol secretion from human adrenocortical cells through the activation of galanin receptor subtype 1 coupled to the adenylate cyclase-dependent signaling cascade. (PubMed id 17982695)1, 9 Belloni A.S....Nussdorfer G.G. (2007)
    8. The galanin signaling cascade is a candidate pathway regulating oncogenesis in human squamous cell carcinoma. (PubMed id 18973137)1, 9 Sugimoto T....Hata A. (2009)
    9. Alcoholism is associated with GALR3 but not two other galanin receptor genes. (PubMed id 17083333)1, 9 Belfer I....Enoch M.A. (2007)
    10. Postendocytotic traffic of the galanin R1 receptor: a lysosomal signal motif on the cytoplasmic terminus. (PubMed id 18385373)1, 9 Xia S....Xu Z.Q. (2008)

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
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    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 2587 HGNC: 4132 AceView: GALR1 Ensembl:ENSG00000166573 euGenes: HUgn2587
    ECgene: GALR1 Kegg: 2587 H-InvDB: GALR1

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
      --

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for GALR1 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    Patent Information for GALR1 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving GALR1

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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