FURIN Gene
protein-coding GIFtS: 65
GC15P089212
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furin (paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme) (Previous names: paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme (furin, membrane associated receptor protein) ) Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database (Previous symbols: PCSK3, FUR, PACE)
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Aliases & Descriptions for FURIN
(According to
1HGNC,
2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc
, and/or 7Ensembl,
8miRBase) About This Section
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| Aliases |
|---|
| EC 3.4.21.75 3 | | FUR 2, 3, 5 | | PACE 2, 3, 5 | | PCSK3 2, 3, 5 | | SPC1 1, 2 | | furin 2 |
| | | Descriptions |
|---|
| Dibasic-processing enzyme 3 | | FES upstream region 2 | | Paired basic amino acid residue cleaving enzyme 3 | | dibasic processing enzyme 2 | | furin (paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme) 2 | | furin, membrane associated receptor protein 2 | paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme (furin, membrane associated receptor protein) 1 | | proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 3 2 |
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| | Search outside databases for aliases for FURIN genePrevious GC identifers: GC15P084851 GC15P088999 GC15P089141 |
Summaries for FURIN(According to Entrez Gene,
Wikipedia's
Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
and/or
UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
| EntrezGene summary for FURIN: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the subtilisin-like proprotein convertase family. The members of this family are proprotein convertases that process latent precursor proteins into their biologically active products. This encoded protein is a calcium-dependent serine endoprotease that can efficiently cleave precursor proteins at their paired basic amino acid processing sites. Some of its substrates are: proparathyroid hormone, transforming growth factor beta 1 precursor, proalbumin, pro-beta-secretase, membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase, beta subunit of pro-nerve growth factor and von Willebrand factor. It is also thought to be one of the proteases responsible for the activation of HIV envelope glycoproteins gp160 and gp140. This gene is thought to play a role in tumor progression. The use of alternate polyadenylation sites has been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq] UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: FURIN_HUMAN, P09958Function: Furin is likely to represent the ubiquitous endoprotease activity within constitutive secretory pathways and capable of cleavage at the RX(K/R)R consensus motifGene Wiki entry for FURIN (Furin) |
Genomic Location for FURIN
(According to
GeneLoc and/or
HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 36),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to
UCSC and
Ensembl,
Transcription factor binding sites according to
SABiosciences) About This Section
| Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
Transcription factor binding sites upstream to the FURIN gene 
Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 15q26.1 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 15q26.1 HGNC cytogenetic band: 15q26.1FURIN Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
 GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 15 GeneLoc Exon Structure GeneLoc location for GC15P089212:
(about GC identifiers)
Start:
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89,212,889 bp from pter |
End:
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89,227,691 bp from pter |
Size:
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14,803 bases |
Orientation:
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plus strand |
RefSeq DNA sequence:- NC_000015.8 NT_010274.16
| Proteins for FURIN
(According to
1UniProtKB,
and/or Ensembl,
Phosphorylation sites according to 2Phosphosite,
RefSeq according to NCBI,
PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia,
Recombinant Proteins
from Invitrogen,
Millipore,
Sigma-Aldrich,
R&D Systems,
Enzo Life Sciences,
Abnova,
OriGene and/or,
Abcam,
Biochemical Assays by
Invitrogen,
Millipore,
R&D Systems,
Cell Signaling Technology, and/or
Enzo Life Sciences,
Ontologies according to Gene
Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 and
Entrez Gene,
Antibodies by Invitrogen,
Millipore,
Sigma-Aldrich,
R&D Systems,
Cell Signaling Technology,
Abcam,
Abnova, and/or
Novus Biologicals)
About This Section
| UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: FURIN_HUMAN, P09958 (See
protein sequence)Recommended Name: Furin precursor Size: 794 amino acids; 86678 Da
Cofactor: Calcium
Subunit: Interacts with FLNA (By similarity). Binds to PACS1 which mediates TGN localization and connection to clathrin adapters
Subcellular location: Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Note=Shuttles between the trans-Golgi network and the cell surface. Propeptide cleavage is a prerequisite for exit of furin molecules out of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). A second cleavage within the propeptide occurs in the trans Golgi network (TGN), followed by the release of the propeptide and the activation of furin
Secondary accessions: Q14336 Q6LBS3 Q9UCZ5Post-translational modifications:
The inhibition peptide, which plays the role of an intramolecular chaperone, is autocatalytically removed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and remains non-covalently bound to furin as a potent autoinhibitor. Following transport to the trans Golgi, a second cleavage within the inhibition propeptide results in propeptide dissociation and furin activation1
Phosphorylation is required for TGN localization of the endoprotease. In vivo, exists as di-, mono- and non-phosphorylated forms1
View phosphorylation sites using PhosphoSite2
REFSEQ proteins: NP_002560.1
ENSEMBL proteins: ENSP00000268171
Human Recombinant Proteins Browse Origene for full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells 
5/9 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component terms (links to tree view) (see all 9
): About this table
Antibodies for FURIN: Assays for FURIN: | Protein
Domains/ Families for FURIN(According to InterPro, ProtoNet,
UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section
| - Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P09958
ProtoNet protein and cluster: P09958 3 Blocks protein families: IPB000209 Subtilisin serine protease family (S8) signature IPB002884 Proprotein convertase IPB006212 Furin-like repeat
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: FURIN_HUMAN, P09958Domain: Contains a cytoplasmic domain responsible for its TGN localization and recycling from the cell surfaceSimilarity: Belongs to the peptidase S8 family. Furin subfamilySimilarity: Contains 1 homo B/P domain | Gene Function for FURIN
(According to MGI Jun 06 2009, UniProtKB,
IUBMB,and/or Genatlas,
shRNA from
OriGene,
Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from
Sigma-Aldrich,
RNAi Products,
Clones, and
Q-PCR Products
from Invitrogen,
Millipore,
OriGene, and/or
Abnova,
siRNAs from
Applied Biosystems,
SYBR primers from OriGene,
Cell-based Assays from Millipore,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via
Entrez Gene.)
About This Section
|               OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_002569
Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs for FURIN
Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for FURIN  Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for FURIN  Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs 
              OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_002569                                  Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_002569                                  untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_002569 
Primers: Browse
Quantitative PCR Central at Invitrogen for Q-PCR LUX™ Primers               OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: NM_002569
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: FURIN_HUMAN, P09958Function: Furin is likely to represent the ubiquitous endoprotease activity within constitutive secretory pathways and capable of cleavage at the RX(K/R)R consensus motifCatalytic activity: Release of mature proteins from their proproteins by cleavage of -Arg-Xaa-Yaa-Arg- -Zaa- bonds, where Xaa can be any amino acid and Yaa is Arg or Lys. Releases albumin, complement component C3 and vWF from their respective precursorsEnzyme regulation: Could be inhibited by the not secondly cleaved propeptideEnzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 3.4.21.75 7 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 3 alleles ) (MGI details for Furin):
5/8 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (links to tree view) (see all 8
): About this table | Pathways & Interactions for FURIN
(Pathways according to Invitrogen
(maps by GeneGo),
Millipore,
Cell Signaling Technology,
Sigma-Aldrich,
KEGG
and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
Proteins Network according to
SABiosciences,
Interactions according to 1UniProtKB,
2MINT, and/or
3STRING,
with links to IntAct and
Ensembl,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via
Entrez Gene.)
About This Section
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2 Sigma-Aldrich "Your Favorite Gene" Pathways for FURIN (Your Favorite Gene powered by Ingenuity) 
Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for FURIN 
5/91 Interacting proteins for FURIN (ENSP000002681713 P099582) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING (see all 91
)About this table
5/12 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (links to tree view) (see all 12
): About this table
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Drugs & Compounds for FURIN(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences,
Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or
Novoseek and Drugs according to
Enzo Life Sciences and/or
PharmGKB)
About This Section
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Enzo Life Sciences drugs & compounds for FURIN |
Browse Tocris compounds for FURIN 10/34 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for FURIN gene (see all 34
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| Compound |
Score |
Articles |
PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences) |
| dfurin2 |
86.29 |
3 |
1512259 (2) |
| arg-arg |
70.92 |
1 |
8846780 (1) |
| exotoxin-a |
68.42 |
10 |
9169757 (3), 7989356 (2), 9636142 (1), 10600112 (1) (see all 5) |
| prosomatostatin |
59.82 |
3 |
7619075 (2), 8095501 (1) |
| peptidylglycine |
54.67 |
2 |
7865135 (1), 8402152 (1) |
| mannose 6-phosphate |
50.08 |
5 |
10547356 (1), 11331585 (1), 11014362 (1), 9695949 (1) (see all 5) |
| preproinsulin |
47.47 |
2 |
15821105 (1), 11874714 (1) |
| proglucagon |
43.21 |
3 |
15528303 (1), 12651102 (1) |
| tgf beta1 |
39.75 |
10 |
11424093 (2), 14644155 (2), 11014362 (2), 10099264 (1) (see all 6) |
| monensin |
39.33 |
2 |
18992360 (1) |
About this table
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Transcripts for FURIN(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene
(Build 219 Homo sapiens; Jun 2 2009) or GenBank, RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or
AceView,
non coding RNAs according to
RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc,
alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or
ECgene,
RNAi Products from Invitrogen,
Millipore, and/or
Abnova,
siRNAs from Applied Biosystems,
Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from
Sigma-Aldrich,
OriGene,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from
OriGene, Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems) About This Section
|               OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_002569
Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for FURIN  Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for FURIN  Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs 
Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs: NM_002569 REFSEQ mRNAs for FURIN gene: NM_002569.2
Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays: NM_002569               OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_002569                                  Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_002569                                  untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_002569  Additional cDNA sequence: AL110107.1 BC008295.1 BC012181.1 S65442.1 X17094.1 9 DOTS entries: DT.447619 DT.91774265 DT.100733268 DT.121062643 DT.97796995 DT.100786346 DT.121062677 DT.95246560 DT.95246561 24/296 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 296
):BC008295 AI797049 X17094 BF196808 BE219000 AW467853 BQ668619 BU191560 BQ669905 AI633315 AW964052 AI222953 BQ690452 AW403605 BU542206 BM311681 NM_002569 BM311086 BC012181 BM830768 BQ636937 BM917196 BU625529 BQ880122
highest scoring ESTs for FURIN:X17094 AA037089 AA186708 AA203402 AA325040 AA447140 AA548568 AA654637 AA707055 AA827773 Unigene Cluster for FURIN: Furin (paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme) Hs.513153 [show with all ESTs]Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_002569
GeneLoc Exon Structure
3 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for FURIN
| ExUns: | 1 | ^ | 2 | ^ | 3 | ^ | 4 | ^ | 5a | · | 5b | ^ | 6 | ^ | 7a | · | 7b | ^ | 8 | ^ | 9 | ^ | 10 | ^ | 11 | ^ | 12a | · | 12b | ^ | 13 | ^ | 14 | ^ | 15 | |
| SP1: | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |
| SP2: | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |
| SP3: | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   |
About this scheme
ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for FURIN
1 Ensembl transcript including schematic representation: ENST00000268171
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Expression for FURIN
(Experimental results according to
1GeneNote
and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to
2GeneAnnot ,
3GeneTide ,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
Electronic Northern calculations according to data from
UniGene (Build 219 Homo sapiens),
SAGE tags according to
CGAP,
plus additional links to
SOURCE, and/or
GNF
BioGPS, and/or
EXPOLDB, and/or
UniProtKB,
Expression Assays from
Applied Biosystems
)
About This Section
| FURIN expression in normal and diseased human tissues
Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays for FURIN
1 / 2 / 3 3 probe-sets matching FURIN gene Data from
(Publications) and GNF BioGPS About these images About these images
CGAP SAGE TAG: AGATAATGTT
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.513153
Expression variation in blood from EXPOLDB for FURIN UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: FURIN_HUMAN, P09958Tissue specificity: Seems to be expressed ubiquitously |
Orthologs for FURIN
(Orthologs according to
1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version),
3euGenes,
4SGD
and/or
5MGI Jun 06 2009,
with possible further links to
Flybase
and/or
WormBase,
Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section
|
Orthologs for FURIN gene from 5/13 species (see all 13
)
About this table Species with no ortholog for FURIN
ENSEMBL Gene Tree for FURIN | Paralogs for FURIN(Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene and 2Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to 3Pseudogene.org) About This Section
| Paralogs for FURIN gene
- PCSK42 PCSK62 PCSK52
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SNPs/Variants for FURIN(According to the
1NCBI SNP Database,
2Ensembl,
3PupaSUITE, and
UniProtKB,
Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap,
Genotyping Reagents from
Applied Biosystems)
About This Section
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HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for FURIN (up to first 250kb)
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Disorders & Mutations for FURIN
(in which this Gene is Involved, According to
OMIM, UniProtKB,
Novoseek, PharmGKB,
Genatlas, GeneTests,
Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT,
HGMD, GAD,
HuGE Navigator,
BCGD,
and/or TGDB.)
About This Section
|
OMIM: 136950
10/38 Novoseek disease relationships for FURIN gene (see all 38
)
| Disease |
Score |
Articles |
PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences) |
| dementia, familial british |
82.81 |
2 |
10526337 (1), 12883829 (1) |
| anthrax |
71.13 |
25 |
1644824 (2), 16041026 (2), 18977558 (2), 14688144 (2) (see all 14) |
| amyloidosis familial |
66.00 |
3 |
14596804 (1), 14675544 (1), 11707399 (1) |
| fowl plague |
47.19 |
2 |
1360148 (1), 1628614 (1) |
| colon carcinoma |
46.52 |
15 |
7690548 (2), 12691605 (1), 12782675 (1), 7707552 (1) (see all 9) |
| ectodermal dysplasia, hypohidrotic |
40.23 |
1 |
11416205 (1) |
| influenza |
32.61 |
10 |
8057485 (3), 10074171 (1), 7562936 (1), 10219565 (1) (see all 8) |
| diphtheria |
29.23 |
3 |
18089813 (1), 8253774 (1) |
| colon adenocarcinoma |
28.49 |
4 |
12736257 (1), 8760366 (1), 12058031 (1), 8057485 (1) |
| immunodeficiency |
26.78 |
13 |
8189547 (2), 8325837 (1), 8163529 (1), 10567353 (1) (see all 12) |
About this table
Genetic Association Database: FURIN
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Medical News for FURIN(Possibly Related Articles in
Doctor's Guide)
About This Section
| -- |
Publications for FURIN (in
PubMed.
Associations of this gene to articles via
1Novoseek,
2HGNC,
3Entrez Gene,
4UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
5UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
6GAD, and/or
7PharmGKB)
About This Section
| 10/386 PubMed articles for FURIN gene (see all 386
):- Expression of a human proprotein processing enzyme: correct cleavage of the von Willebrand factor precursor at a paired basic amino acid site. (PubMed id 2251280)2, 3, 4 Wise R.J....Kaufman R.J. (1990)
- Activation of human furin precursor processing endoprotease occurs by an intramolecular autoproteolytic cleavage. (PubMed id 1629222)1, 3, 4 Leduc R.... Thomas G. (1992)
- Intracellular trafficking of furin is modulated by the phosphorylation state of a casein kinase II site in its cytoplasmic tail. (PubMed id 8846780)1, 3, 4 Jones B.G....Thomas G. (1995)
- A mutation of furin causes the lack of precursor-processing activity in human colon carcinoma LoVo cells. (PubMed id 7690548)1, 3, 4 Takahashi S.... Nakayama K. (1993)
- PACS-1 binding to adaptors is required for acidic cluster motif- mediated protein traffic. (PubMed id 11331585)1, 3, 4 Crump C.M....Thomas G. (2001)
- The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)3, 4 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
- Homology modelling of the catalytic domain of human furin. A model for the eukaryotic subtilisin-like proprotein convertases. (PubMed id 8020465)3, 4 Siezen R.J.... van de Ven W.J.M. (1994)
- cDNA and gene structure for a human subtilisin-like protease with cleavage specificity for paired basic amino acid residues. (PubMed id 1713771)3, 4 Barr P.J....Brake A.J. (1991)
- Identification of a second human subtilisin-like protease gene in the fes/fps region of chromosome 15. (PubMed id 1741956)2, 3 Kiefer M.C....Barr P.J. (1991)
- Structural homology between the human fur gene product and the subtilisin-like protease encoded by yeast KEX2. (PubMed id 2408021)3, 4 van den Ouweland A.M.W.... van de Ven W.J.M. (1990)
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Search for FURIN
(in PubMed,
OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf) About This Section
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Genome Databases showing FURIN
(According to
Entrez Gene,
HGNC,
AceView,
euGenes,
Ensembl,
miRBase,
ECgene,
and/or
H-InvDB)
About This Section
|
| Other Databases showing FURIN
(According to HUGE)
About This Section
| -- |
Specialized Databases showing FURIN(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL, Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) About This Section
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| Services for FURIN(Reagents available from Applied Biosystems, Antibodies and assays by Cell
Signaling Technology, Abcam, Novus Biologicals, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Millipore, Abnova, and/or Invitrogen, Clones available from OriGene,and/or Invitrogen, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Tocris Bioscience) About This Section
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 Products for FURIN:

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