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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

FGA Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 66
GCID: GC04M155504

fibrinogen alpha chain

(Previous names: fibrinogen, A alpha polypeptide )

Explore 106 diseases affiliated with
FGA via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Fibrinogen Alpha Chain¹ ²
Fibrinogen, A Alpha Polypeptide¹ ²
Fib2²

External Ids:	HGNC: 3661¹	Entrez Gene: 2243²	Ensembl: ENSG00000171560⁷	OMIM: 134820⁵	UniProtKB: P02671³

Export aliases for FGA gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC04M156353 GC04M155892 GC04M155970 GC04M156081 GC04M155826 GC04M155723 GC04M151244

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for FGA:

The protein encoded by this gene is the alpha component of fibrinogen, a blood-borne glycoprotein comprised of three

pairs of nonidentical polypeptide chains. Following vascular injury, fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form fibrin

which is the most abundant component of blood clots. In addition, various cleavage products of fibrinogen and fibrin

regulate cell adhesion and spreading, display vasoconstrictor and chemotactic activities, and are mitogens for several

cell types. Mutations in this gene lead to several disorders, including dysfibrinogenemia, hypofibrinogenemia,

afibrinogenemia and renal amyloidosis. Alternative splicing results in two isoforms which vary in the

carboxy-terminus. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: FIBA_HUMAN, P02671

Function: Fibrinogen has a double function: yielding monomers that polymerize into fibrin and acting as a cofactor in

platelet aggregation

Gene Wiki entry for FGA (Fibrinogen alpha chain)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000004.11 NC_018915.1 NT_016354.19

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the FGA gene promoter:
ISGF-3 Tal-1 Pbx1a FOXO3 E47 Evi-1 FOXO3b STAT3 FOXO3a
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: FGA promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for FGA

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat FGA

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 4q28 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 4q31.3 HGNC cytogenetic band: 4q28

FGA Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
FGA gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 4 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC04M155504: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	155,504,278 bp from pter	End:	155,511,918 bp from pter
Size:	7,641 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: FIBA_HUMAN, P02671 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Fibrinogen alpha chain precursor

Size: 866 amino acids; 94973 Da

Subunit: Heterohexamer; disulfide linked. Contains 2 sets of 3 non-identical chains (alpha, beta and gamma). The 2

heterotrimers are in head to head conformation with the N-termini in a small central domain

Subcellular location: Secreted

6/37 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for FGA (see all 37):

1BBR (3D)

1DM4 (3D)

1FZA (3D)

1FZB (3D)

1FZC (3D)

1FZD (3D)

Secondary accessions: D3DP14 D3DP15 Q4QQH7 Q9BX62 Q9UCH2

Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms: P02671-1 P02671-2 (Ref.3 (AAK31372) sequence is in conflict in positions: 640:PSLSP->LPCPPRLS)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for FGA: NX_P02671

Post-translational modifications:

The alpha chain is not glycosylated¹

Forms F13A-mediated cross-links between a glutamine and the epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue, forming

fibronectin-fibrinogen heteropolymers¹

About one-third of the alpha chains in the molecules in blood were found to be phosphorylated¹

Conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin is triggered by thrombin, which cleaves fibrinopeptides A and B from alpha and beta

chains, and thus exposes the N-terminal polymerization sites responsible for the formation of the soft clot. The soft

clot is converted into the hard clot by factor XIIIA which catalyzes the epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine cross-linking

between gamma chains (stronger) and between alpha chains (weaker) of different monomers¹

Phosphorylation sites are present in the extracellular medium¹

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P02671

FGA Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts):

NP_000499.1 NP_068657.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000306361 ENSP00000385981

Reactome Protein details: P02671
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

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	Novus Biologicals FGA Protein Novus Biologicals FGA Lysate
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
	Browse Proteins at Uscn

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/8 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 8): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	--
GO:0005577	fibrinogen complex	IEA	--
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IDA	6777381
GO:0005886	plasma membrane	TAS	--
GO:0005938	cell cortex	IEA	--

FGA for ontologies About GeneDecksing

FGA Antibody Products:

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	ThermoFisher Antibodies for FGA

Assay Products for FGA:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for FGA
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Browse ELISAs and CLIAs at Uscn

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

FGA for domains About GeneDecksing

5/6 InterPro domains/families (see all 6):

IPR012290 Fibrinogen_a/b/g_coil_dom

IPR014715 Fibrinogen_a/b/g_C_2

IPR021996 Fibrinogen_aC

IPR014716 Fibrinogen_a/b/g_C_1

IPR020837 Fibrinogen_CS

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P02671

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P02671

1 Blocks protein family: IPB002181 Fibrinogen

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: FIBA_HUMAN, P02671

Domain: A long coiled coil structure formed by 3 polypeptide chains connects the central nodule to the C-terminal

domains (distal nodules). The long C-terminal ends of the alpha chains fold back, contributing a fourth strand to the

coiled coil structure

Similarity: Contains 1 fibrinogen C-terminal domain

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: FIBA_HUMAN, P02671

Function: Fibrinogen has a double function: yielding monomers that polymerize into fibrin and acting as a cofactor in

platelet aggregation

Genatlas biochemistry entry for FGA:

fibrinogen,alpha polypeptide,63kDa (see FG@)

miRNA Products:		miRTarBase miRNAs that target FGA: hsa-mir-29a (MIRT005531), hsa-mir-29b (MIRT005533), hsa-mir-29c (MIRT005527), hsa-mir-144 (MIRT005529), hsa-mir-409-3p (MIRT005518)

		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 2): FGA Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat FGA
		8/14 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate FGA (see all 14):
		hsa-miR-600 hsa-miR-520d-5p hsa-miR-4297 hsa-miR-324-3p hsa-miR-548v hsa-miR-139-5p hsa-miR-29c hsa-miR-29a

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: FGA 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for FGA (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: FGA OriGene siRNA: FGA
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat FGA

Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for FGA

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		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): FGA (NM_000508)
		Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for FGA
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat FGA

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for FGA
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for FGA

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for FGA

Gene Ontology (GO): 4 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005102	receptor binding	IEA	--
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	10954706
GO:0030674	protein binding, bridging	IEA	--
GO:0043499	eukaryotic cell surface binding	IDA	6777381

FGA for ontologies           About GeneDecksing

Animal Models:
     Mouse knock-out Fga^tm1Jld for FGA
     14 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 1 allele) (MGI details for Fga):

cardiovascular system	digestive/alimentary	embryogenesis	endocrine/exocrine gland	hematopoietic system
homeostasis/metabolism	immune system	integument	liver/biliary system	mortality/aging
nervous system	reproductive system	skeleton	vision/eye

FGA for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/16 super-pathways (see all 16) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

Common Pathway

	Common Pathway	1.00			fibrin multimer -> fibrin multimer, crosslinked + NH4+	0.36
	Extrinsic Prothrombin Activation Pathway	0.69

Cell adhesion_Integrin inside-out signaling

Cell adhesion_Integrin inside-out signaling

1.00

Cell adhesion Integrin inside-out signaling

0.99

Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation

Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation

1.00

Hemostasis

0.43

Amyloid precursor proteins form ordered fibrils

Amyloid precursor proteins form ordered fibrils

1.00

Amyloids

0.43

Platelet degranulation

Platelet degranulation

1.00

Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+

0.94

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

3 EMD Millipore Pathways for FGA

	Cell adhesion Integrin inside-out signaling
	Metalloproteases in connective tissue degradation
	Cell adhesion Plasmin signaling

3 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for FGA

	Extrinsic Prothrombin Activation Pathway
	Blood Coagulation Cascade
	Intrinsic Prothrombin Activation Pathway

2 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for FGA

	Cell adhesion Integrin inside-out signaling
	Cell adhesion Plasmin signaling

1 BioSystems Pathway for FGA

Blood Clotting Cascade

5/16 Reactome Pathways for FGA (see all 16)

	Hemostasis
	Integrin cell surface interactions
	p130Cas linkage to MAPK signaling for integrins
	Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+
	Platelet Aggregation (Plug Formation)

1 PharmGKB Pathway for FGA

Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor Pathway, Pharmacodynamics

1 Kegg Pathway (Kegg details for FGA):

Complement and coagulation cascades

FGA for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for FGA

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/62 Interacting proteins for FGA (P02671^{2, 3} ENSP00000306361⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 62)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
PRRC2A	P48634²^,³, ENSP00000365175⁴	MINT-62623 MINT-62721 MINT-62797 I2D: score=5 STRING: ENSP00000365175
PASK	Q96RG2²^,³, ENSP00000234040⁴	MINT-8149008 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000234040
FGB	P02675³, ENSP00000306099⁴	I2D: score=5 STRING: ENSP00000306099
F13A1	P00488³, ENSP00000264870⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000264870
F2	P00734³, ENSP00000308541⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000308541

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/6 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 6): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0002576	platelet degranulation	TAS	--
GO:0007165	signal transduction	IEA	--
GO:0007596	blood coagulation	TAS	--
GO:0030168	platelet activation	TAS	--
GO:0051258	protein polymerization	IEA	--

FGA for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

FGA for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for FGA

6 DrugBank Compounds for FGA About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
Alteplase	t-PA (see all 4)	105857-23-6	target	--	17963464 19436656 18673235
Reteplase	t- PA (see all 4)	133652-38-7	target	--	17963464 19436656 18673235
Tenecteplase	t- PA (see all 4)	191588-94-0	target	--	17963464 19436656 18673235
Alpha-D-Mannose	--	3458-28-4	target	--	17139284 17016423
Anistreplase	t- PA (see all 4)	81669-57-0	target	--	17139284 17016423
Sucralfate	--	54182-58-0	target	antagonist	6892775

10/65 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for FGA gene (see all 65) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
fibrinopeptide a	95.1	55	8459055 (4), 7539015 (4), 10369791 (3), 7646626 (3) (see all 27)
fibrinogen	91.5	317	9916133 (3), 7903170 (2), 20059469 (2), 12706644 (2) (see all 99)
heparin	78.1	62	7930274 (3), 7860920 (2), 9801927 (2), 8921778 (2) (see all 45)
batroxobin	78.1	8	8362369 (2), 9397156 (1), 9268200 (1), 9360849 (1) (see all 6)
hirudin	77.8	7	9868910 (1), 2380171 (1), 1587268 (1), 8571330 (1) (see all 7)
ancrod	77.1	8	8461606 (1), 9127941 (1), 10933802 (1), 15572240 (1) (see all 7)
hirugen	73.8	2	2380171 (1), 1590777 (1)
nafamostat mesilate	57.8	1	8167888 (1)
calcium heparin	57.1	1	8607111 (1)
desirudin	56.3	2	8921778 (2)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about FGA / FIBA

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for FGA gene (2 alternative transcripts):

NM_000508.3 NM_021871.2

Unigene Cluster for FGA:

Fibrinogen alpha chain

Hs.351593 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: M58569

2 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000302053(uc003iod.1) ENST00000403106(uc003ioe.1 uc003iof.1)

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 2): FGA Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat FGA
		8/14 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate FGA (see all 14):
		hsa-miR-600 hsa-miR-520d-5p hsa-miR-4297 hsa-miR-324-3p hsa-miR-548v hsa-miR-139-5p hsa-miR-29c hsa-miR-29a

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: FGA 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for FGA (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: FGA OriGene siRNA: FGA
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		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat FGA
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat FGA

Additional cDNA sequence:

AK290559.1 BC020764.1 BC070246.1 BC098280.1 BC099706.1 BC099720.1 BC101935.1 BC105803.1

J00127.1 J00128.1 K02272.1 M26878.1 M58569.1

24/26 DOTS entries (see all 26):

DT.453599 DT.100697222 DT.92460971 DT.100760439 DT.92460957 DT.100697218 DT.121267490 DT.95201336

DT.95201310 DT.92460950 DT.100697203 DT.100697204 DT.100697197 DT.100697211 DT.100697226 DT.121267502

DT.95187527 DT.100645631 DT.100697207 DT.100697217 DT.121267493 DT.91896121 DT.92460958 DT.92460970

24/761 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 761):

CR608485 AL531564 CB153830 BG563549 CR617717 BX427631 CR613050 BX496446

K02272 CB164382 BX494153 AL558047 R06796 BX346173 CR594140 AA382695

T61875 BX494773 BX426651 BX494694 AA343657 BX346172 T40106 BX494861

GeneLoc Exon Structure

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

FGA expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: TTAAATGGAT

About this image

FGA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

1 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartment/Cell

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Liver

Liver Lobule

Liver

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

Stem Cell Differentiation: 2 LifeMap Cells

Name

Category

Posterior foregut-like cells (A scalable, suspensi...)

Embryoid bodies (Two-step protocol fo...)

See FGA Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for FGA

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.351593

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: FIBA_HUMAN, P02671

Tissue specificity: Plasma

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including FGA:

Atherosclerosis in human mouse rat

Wound Healing in human mouse rat

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		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat FGA
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat FGA

In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for FGA

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for FGA gene from 4/14 species (see all 14) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	FGA¹	fibrinogen alpha chain	62.8(n) 56.25(a)		396307 XM_001232366.2 XP_001232367.1
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	FGA⁶	--	47(a)	1 ↔ 1	5(130255998-130265655)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	fga-prov²	Fibrinogen, A alpha polypeptide	76.01(n)		BC041754.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	wufb59b03²	Danio rerio cDNA clone IMAGE3817673, partial cds	74.58(n)		BC054946.1

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for FGA (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for FGA (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for FGA gene

FGL2² ANGPT4² FGG² ANGPTL6² ANGPTL2² ANGPTL4² ANGPT1² ANGPTL3²

ANGPTL1² ANGPTL7² FGB² ANGPT2² FGL1²

6 SIMAP similar genes for FGA using alignment to 5 protein entries: FIBA_HUMAN (see all proteins):

FGB FGL1 ANGPTL7 FCN3 FCN2 FCN1

FGA for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): FGA

Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB): FGA

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing FGA

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for FGA

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

FGA for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 134820
OMIM disorders: 105200  202400
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: FIBA_HUMAN, P02671

Defects in FGA are a cause of congenital afibrinogenemia (CAFBN) [MIM:202400]. This is a rare autosomal

recessive disorder characterized by bleeding that varies from mild to severe and by complete absence or extremely low

levels of plasma and platelet fibrinogen. Note=The majority of cases of afibrinogenemia are due to truncating

mutations. Variations in position Arg-35 (the site of cleavage of fibrinopeptide a by thrombin) leads to

alpha-dysfibrinogenemias

Defects in FGA are a cause of amyloidosis type 8 (AMYL8) [MIM:105200]; also known as systemic non-neuropathic

amyloidosis or Ostertag-type amyloidosis. AMYL8 is a hereditary generalized amyloidosis due to deposition of

apolipoprotein A1, fibrinogen and lysozyme amyloids. Viscera are particularly affected. There is no involvement of the

nervous system. Clinical features include renal amyloidosis resulting in nephrotic syndrome, arterial hypertension,

hepatosplenomegaly, cholestasis, petechial skin rash

20/106 diseases for FGA (see all 106): About MalaCards

dysfibrinogenemia, alpha type, causing bleeding diathesis dysfibrinogenemia, alpha type, causing recurrent thrombosis dysfibrinogenemia afibrinogenemia

hypofibrinogenemia amyloidosis disseminated intravascular coagulation patent foramen ovale

spinal cord injury antithrombin iii deficiency cleft lip/palate age related macular degeneration

deep vein thrombosis amyloidosis, hereditary renal congenital afibrinogenemia adult respiratory distress syndrome

arterial occlusive disease peripheral arterial occlusive disease intermittent claudication pre-eclampsia

2 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for FGA:

Congenital afibrinogenemia Schizophrenia

10/82 Novoseek disease relationships for FGA gene (see all 82) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
congenital afibrinogenemia	88.3	9	15946522 (2), 19417632 (2), 11460507 (1), 12406899 (1) (see all 6)
afibrinogenemia	86.3	15	17295221 (2), 17393016 (1), 12406899 (1), 12511408 (1) (see all 10)
dysfibrinogenemia	84.7	3	12706644 (1), 7485081 (1), 20510102 (1)
hypofibrinogenemia	71.4	8	8426084 (2), 7489960 (1), 17295221 (1), 18676163 (1)
thrombosis	68	11	1295502 (1), 8348763 (1), 7554626 (1), 1433937 (1) (see all 10)
thrombophilia	67	8	8446931 (1), 8003387 (1), 2137945 (1), 8914220 (1) (see all 8)
disseminated intravascular coagulation	66.7	16	8426084 (5), 11460518 (1), 9308756 (1), 8039760 (1) (see all 7)
coagulopathy	56.1	8	7563081 (1), 18676163 (1), 19551918 (1), 8426084 (1) (see all 7)
thromboembolism	48.5	5	8426084 (3)
bleeding	46.8	10	11342472 (1), 8408654 (1), 8291501 (1), 7485081 (1) (see all 9)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): FGA
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: FGA (60 documents)

Export disorders for FGA gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for FGA gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 771):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with FGA)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
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Hereditary renal amyloidosis associated with a mutant fibrinogen alpha-chain. (PubMed id 8097946)^{1, 2, 4} Benson M.D.... Correa R. (1993)
Molecular basis for fibrinogen Dusart (A alpha 554 Arg-->Cys) and its association with abnormal fibrin polymerization and thrombophilia. (PubMed id 8473507)^{1, 2, 4} Koopman J....Caen J.P. (1993)
Contribution of haplotypes across the fibrinogen gene cluster to variation in risk of myocardial infarction. (PubMed id 15735812)^{1, 4, 9} Mannila M.N....Silveira A. (2005)
gammaAla82Gly represents a common fibrinogen gamma-chain variant in Caucasians. (PubMed id 15795540)^{1, 4, 9} Ivaskevicius V....Oldenburg J. (2005)
Fibrinogen Osaka IV: a congenital dysfibrinogenemia found in a patient originally reported in relation to surgery, now defined to have an A alpha arginine-16 to histidine substitution. (PubMed id 8461606)^{1, 2, 9} Yamazumi K....Tsujinaka T. (1993)
Functional polymorphisms of FGA, encoding alpha fibrinogen, are associated with susceptibility to venous thromboembolism in a Taiwanese population. (PubMed id 16362348)^{1, 4} Ko Y.L....Lee Y.S. (2006)
Phosphoproteomic analysis of the human pituitary. (PubMed id 16807684)^{1, 2} Beranova-Giorgianni S.... Giorgianni F. (2006)
Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. (PubMed id 16335952)^{1, 2} Liu T.... Smith R.D. (2005)
A role of TNF-alpha gene variant on juvenile ischemic stroke: a case-control study. (PubMed id 16324093)^{1, 4} Rubattu S....Rasura M. (2005)
Genetic variation in the fibrinogen gamma gene increases the risk for deep venous thrombosis by reducing plasma fibrinogen gamma' levels. (PubMed id 16144795)^{1, 4} Uitte de Willige S....Bertina R.M. (2005)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 2243	HGNC: 3661	AceView: FGA	Ensembl:ENSG00000171560	euGenes: HUgn2243
ECgene: FGA	Kegg: 2243	H-InvDB: FGA

(According to HUGE)
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(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for FGA	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
GeneReviews	http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/GeneTests/lab/gene/FGA
SHMPD	http://shmpd.bii.a-star.edu.sg/gene.php?genestart=A&genename=FGA
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrinogen
SeattleSNPs	http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/fga/

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Patent Information for FGA gene:
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GeneCards and IP:
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fibrinogen alpha chain

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PT PROLONGED
Raynauds Phenomenon
essential hypertension
sepsis
Acute myocardial infarction
coagulopathy
Sclerosis
Allergic Reaction
Primary pulmonary hypertension
Myocardial Ischemia
Ischemia
Atherosclerosis
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Hypercholesterolemia
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cell damage
Cancer
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RENAL DISEASE
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Hyperglycemia
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VENOUS OCCLUSION
CONGENITAL AFIBRINOGENEMIA
Dysfibrinogenemia
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Protein S Deficiency
Mitral stenosis
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STROKE
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FGA Gene

fibrinogen alpha chain

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