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FAR2 Gene(Protein Coding)

Fatty Acyl-CoA Reductase 2

GCID:
GC12P029145
GIFtS:
55
Genes Participants
UDN Logo

Aliases for FAR2 Gene

Aliases for FAR2 Gene

  • Fatty Acyl-CoA Reductase 2 2 3 5
  • Short Chain Dehydrogenase/Reductase Family 10E, Member 2 2 3
  • Male Sterility Domain-Containing Protein 1 3 4
  • EC 1.2.1.n2 4 61
  • MLSTD1 3 4
  • Male Sterility Domain Containing 1 2
  • Epididymis Secretory Protein Li 81 3
  • HEL-S-81 3
  • SDR10E2 3

External Ids for FAR2 Gene

Previous HGNC Symbols for FAR2 Gene

  • MLSTD1

Previous GeneCards Identifiers for FAR2 Gene

  • GC12P029268
  • GC12P029376
  • GC12P029302

Summaries for FAR2 Gene

Entrez Gene Summary for FAR2 Gene

  • This gene belongs to the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily. It encodes a reductase enzyme involved in the first step of wax biosynthesis wherein fatty acids are converted to fatty alcohols. The encoded peroxisomal protein utilizes saturated fatty acids of 16 or 18 carbons as preferred substrates. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene. Related pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 2, 14 and 22. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]

GeneCards Summary for FAR2 Gene

FAR2 (Fatty Acyl-CoA Reductase 2) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are Peroxisome and Wax biosynthesis. GO annotations related to this gene include NAD binding and coenzyme binding. An important paralog of this gene is FAR1.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for FAR2 Gene

  • Catalyzes the reduction of fatty acyl-CoA to fatty alcohols. The preferred substrates are C16, C18, C18:1 and C18:2 but low activity can be observed with C10-C14 substrates.

No data available for CIViC summary , Tocris Summary , Gene Wiki entry , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for FAR2 Gene

Genomics for FAR2 Gene

Products:

  1. Regulatory Element

Regulatory Elements for FAR2 Gene

Enhancers for FAR2 Gene
GeneHancer Identifier Enhancer Score Enhancer Sources Gene-Enhancer Score TSS distance (kb) Number of Genes Away Size (kb) Transcription Factor Binding Sites within enhancer Gene Targets for Enhancer
GH12G029240 1.6 FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE 22.7 +93.4 93357 3.3 PKNOX1 FEZF1 YY1 ZNF766 ELK1 GATA2 FOS JUNB TBX21 MEF2D LOC100506606 FAR2 GC12P029213 ENSG00000275476
GH12G029228 1 ENCODE 18.1 +80.2 80233 1.5 ATF1 PKNOX1 CREB3L1 DMAP1 BRCA1 YY1 DEK NFYC ZHX2 REST FAR2 GC12P029213 ENSG00000275476
GH12G029101 1.4 FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE 12.5 -45.4 -45435 3.9 CBX5 RELB ETV6 IKZF2 CREM CEBPB NCOA1 JUNB REST TBX21 FAR2 LOC100506606 GC12P029085 ENSG00000257258
GH12G029206 1.1 FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE 12.4 +59.2 59237 3.8 CTCF FOXA2 MAX ZSCAN29 EMSY MYC FAR2 LOC100506606 GC12P029213 PIR55591
GH12G029220 0.6 ENCODE 18.6 +71.9 71901 0.8 KLF1 NRF1 CEBPB ZEB2 NFIC FOXK2 HMBOX1 PRDM1 NR2C2 FAR2 LOC100506606 GC12P029213 ENSG00000275476
- Elite enhancer and/or Elite enhancer-gene association Download GeneHancer data dump

Enhancers around FAR2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Promoters for FAR2 Gene
Ensembl Regulatory Elements (ENSRs) TSS Distance (bp) Size (bp) Binding Sites for Transcription Factors within promoters
ENSR00000050365 297 1801 AGO1 GLI4 ZNF121 GLIS2 KLF7 ZNF263 SP3 REST CBX8 GLIS1

Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the FAR2 gene promoter:

Genomic Location for FAR2 Gene

Chromosome:
12
Start:
29,149,003 bp from pter
End:
29,340,980 bp from pter
Size:
191,978 bases
Orientation:
Plus strand

Genomic View for FAR2 Gene

Genes around FAR2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Cytogenetic band:
FAR2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Location for FAR2 Gene
GeneLoc Logo Genomic Neighborhood • Exon Structure • Gene Density

RefSeq DNA sequence for FAR2 Gene

Proteins for FAR2 Gene

Products:

  1. Antibody
  2. Protein
  3. Assay

  • Protein details for FAR2 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

    Protein Symbol:
    Q96K12-FACR2_HUMAN
    Recommended name:
    Fatty acyl-CoA reductase 2
    Protein Accession:
    Q96K12
    Secondary Accessions:
    • F8VV73
    • Q9H0D5
    • Q9NVW8

    Protein attributes for FAR2 Gene

    Size:
    515 amino acids
    Molecular mass:
    59438 Da
    Quaternary structure:
    No Data Available

    Alternative splice isoforms for FAR2 Gene

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

neXtProt entry for FAR2 Gene

Protein Expression for FAR2 Gene

See protein expression from ProteomicsDB, MOPED, PaxDb, and MaxQB

Selected DME Specific Peptides for FAR2 Gene

Q96K12:
  • IARSQMARN
  • SYFRASST
  • FNFDVRQL
  • TGATGFLGKVL

Post-translational modifications for FAR2 Gene

  • Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
  • Modification sites at neXtProt

Other Protein References for FAR2 Gene

ENSEMBL proteins:
REFSEQ proteins:

Domains & Families for FAR2 Gene

Gene Families for FAR2 Gene

HGNC:

Protein Domains for FAR2 Gene

InterPro:
Blocks:
ProtoNet:

Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for FAR2 Gene

GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry

Q96K12

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

FACR2_HUMAN :
  • Belongs to the fatty acyl-CoA reductase family.
Family:
  • Belongs to the fatty acyl-CoA reductase family.
genes like me logo Genes that share domains with FAR2: view

Function for FAR2 Gene

Products:

  1. Animal Model
  2. CRISPR
  3. miRNA
  4. Inhibitory RNA
  5. Clone
  6. Cell Line
  7. Flow Cytometry

Molecular function for FAR2 Gene

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Hexadecanal + CoA + NADP(+) = hexadecanoyl-CoA + NADPH.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
Catalyzes the reduction of fatty acyl-CoA to fatty alcohols. The preferred substrates are C16, C18, C18:1 and C18:2 but low activity can be observed with C10-C14 substrates.

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) for FAR2 Gene

Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function for FAR2 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0016491 oxidoreductase activity TAS,IEA --
GO:0050062 long-chain-fatty-acyl-CoA reductase activity IEA --
GO:0080019 fatty-acyl-CoA reductase (alcohol-forming) activity IDA,IEA 15220348
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with FAR2: view
genes like me logo Genes that share phenotypes with FAR2: view

Animal Models for FAR2 Gene

MGI Knock Outs for FAR2:
  • Far2 tm2b(KOMP)Wtsi

Animal Model Products

CRISPR Products

Inhibitory RNA Products

Flow Cytometry Products

No data available for Human Phenotype Ontology , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for FAR2 Gene

Localization for FAR2 Gene

Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for FAR2 Gene

Peroxisome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Note=Peroxisome in cells expressing low levels of the protein. Peroxisome and endoplasmic reticulum in cells expressing high levels of the protein.

Subcellular locations from

COMPARTMENTS
Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization image for FAR2 gene
Compartment Confidence
peroxisome 5
endoplasmic reticulum 3
nucleus 2
cytosol 2
golgi apparatus 2
mitochondrion 1
lysosome 1

Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for FAR2 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005777 peroxisome ISS --
GO:0005778 peroxisomal membrane IEA --
GO:0005779 integral component of peroxisomal membrane IDA 24108123
GO:0005782 peroxisomal matrix TAS --
GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with FAR2: view

Pathways & Interactions for FAR2 Gene

genes like me logo Genes that share pathways with FAR2: view

Pathways by source for FAR2 Gene

1 KEGG pathway for FAR2 Gene

Interacting Proteins for FAR2 Gene

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 4 interactants - click image to see details)
http://string-db.org/version_10/api/image/networkList?limit=0&targetmode=proteins&caller_identity=gene_cards&network_flavor=evidence&identifiers=9606.ENSP00000182377%0d%0a9606.ENSP00000346874%0d%0a9606.ENSP00000307958%0d%0a9606.ENSP00000357051%0d%0a9606.ENSP00000295682%0d%0a
Selected Interacting proteins: Q96K12-FACR2_HUMAN ENSP00000182377 for FAR2 Gene via IID STRING

Gene Ontology (GO) - Biological Process for FAR2 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0006629 lipid metabolic process IEA --
GO:0010025 wax biosynthetic process TAS --
GO:0035336 long-chain fatty-acyl-CoA metabolic process IDA 15220348
GO:0055114 oxidation-reduction process IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with FAR2: view

No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for FAR2 Gene

Drugs & Compounds for FAR2 Gene

Products:

  1. Drug

(4) Drugs for FAR2 Gene - From: HMDB

Name Status Disease Links Group Role Mechanism of Action Clinical Trials
Isopropyl alcohol Approved Pharma 0
Hexadecanal Experimental Pharma 0
Propionyl-CoA Experimental Pharma 0
Coenzyme A Nutra 0

(46) Additional Compounds for FAR2 Gene - From: HMDB

Name Synonyms Role CAS Number PubChem IDs PubMed IDs
(2E)-Decenoyl-CoA
  • (E)-S-2-decenoate
  • (E)-S-2-decenoate CoA
  • (E)-S-2-decenoate Coenzyme A
  • (E)-S-2-decenoic acid
  • 2-trans-Decenoyl-CoA
 10018-95-8
(2E)-Dodecenoyl-CoA
  • (2E)-Dodec-2-enoyl-CoA
  • (2E)-Dodec-2-enoyl-Coenzyme A
  • 2-trans-Dodecenoyl-CoA
  • 2-trans-Dodecenoyl-Coenzyme A
 1066-12-2
(2E)-Hexadecenoyl-CoA
  • (2E)-Hexadecenoyl-CoA
  • (2E)-Hexadecenoyl-Coenzyme A
  • trans-2-Hexadecenoyl-CoA
  • trans-2-Hexadecenoyl-Coenzyme A
 4460-95-1
(2E)-Octenoyl-CoA
  • (E)-S-2-octenoate
  • (E)-S-2-octenoate CoA
  • (E)-S-2-octenoate Coenzyme A
  • (E)-S-2-octenoic acid
  • 2,3-trans-Octenoyl coenzyme A
 10018-94-7
(2E)-Tetradecenoyl-CoA
  • (2E)-Tetradecenoyl-CoA
  • (2E)-Tetradecenoyl-Coenzyme A
  • Trans-tetra-dec-2-enoyl-CoA
  • Trans-tetra-dec-2-enoyl-CoA.
  • Trans-tetra-dec-2-enoyl-Coenzyme A
 38795-33-4
genes like me logo Genes that share compounds with FAR2: view

Transcripts for FAR2 Gene

Products:

  1. CRISPR
  2. miRNA
  3. Inhibitory RNA
  4. Clone
  5. Flow Cytometry

mRNA/cDNA for FAR2 Gene

(7) REFSEQ mRNAs :
(8) Additional mRNA sequences :
(87) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
(10) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :

Unigene Clusters for FAR2 Gene

Fatty acyl CoA reductase 2:
Representative Sequences:

CRISPR Products

Inhibitory RNA Products

Flow Cytometry Products

Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for FAR2 Gene

ExUns: 1a · 1b · 1c · 1d ^ 2 ^ 3 ^ 4a · 4b ^ 5 ^ 6 ^ 7a · 7b ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10 ^ 11 ^ 12 ^ 13 ^ 14 ^ 15
SP1:
SP2: -
SP3: - - - -
SP4: - - - - -
SP5: -
SP6:

Relevant External Links for FAR2 Gene

GeneLoc Exon Structure for
FAR2
ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for
FAR2

Expression for FAR2 Gene

Products:

  1. Primer

mRNA expression in normal human tissues from GTEx, Illumina, BioGPS, and CGAP SAGE for FAR2 Gene

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for FAR2 Gene
mRNA expression by BioGPS for FAR2 GenemRNA expression by GTEx for FAR2 Gene

mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for FAR2 Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Whole Blood (x8.4).

Protein differential expression in normal tissues from HIPED for FAR2 Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Lung (56.8) and Platelet (12.2).

Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, PaxDb, MaxQB, and MOPED for FAR2 Gene



Protein tissue co-expression partners for FAR2 Gene

NURSA nuclear receptor signaling pathways regulating expression of FAR2 Gene:

FAR2

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for FAR2 Gene:

Hs.728955

Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for FAR2 Gene

  • Heart(4.2)
  • Nervous system(2.9)
genes like me logo Genes that share expression patterns with FAR2: view

Primer Products

No data available for mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for FAR2 Gene

Orthologs for FAR2 Gene

This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

Orthologs for FAR2 Gene

Organism Taxonomy Gene Similarity Type Details
chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
 Mammalia FAR2 34 35
  • 99.61 (n)
dog
(Canis familiaris)
 Mammalia FAR2 34 35
  • 91.33 (n)
cow
(Bos Taurus)
 Mammalia FAR2 34 35
  • 88.93 (n)
mouse
(Mus musculus)
 Mammalia Far2 34 16 35
  • 84.01 (n)
rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
 Mammalia Far2 34
  • 83.43 (n)
oppossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
 Mammalia FAR2 35
  • 79 (a)
 OneToOne
platypus
(Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
 Mammalia FAR2 35
  • 49 (a)
 OneToOne
chicken
(Gallus gallus)
 Aves FAR2 34 35
  • 67.96 (n)
lizard
(Anolis carolinensis)
 Reptilia -- 35
  • 62 (a)
 OneToMany
-- 35
  • 52 (a)
 OneToMany
zebrafish
(Danio rerio)
 Actinopterygii FAR2 35
  • 61 (a)
 OneToOne
fruit fly
(Drosophila melanogaster)
 Insecta CG5065 34 35
  • 48.37 (n)
CG12268 35
  • 34 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG14893 35
  • 34 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG17560 35
  • 33 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG4020 35
  • 33 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG10096 35
  • 32 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG10097 35
  • 32 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG17562 35
  • 32 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG13091 35
  • 31 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG1441 35
  • 31 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG30427 35
  • 31 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG8306 35
  • 31 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG1443 35
  • 30 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG18031 35
  • 28 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG4770 35
  • 28 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG34342 35
  • 26 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG8303 35
  • 25 (a)
 ManyToMany
African malaria mosquito
(Anopheles gambiae)
 Insecta AgaP_AGAP009690 34
  • 39.47 (n)
worm
(Caenorhabditis elegans)
 Secernentea fard-1 34 35
  • 48.99 (n)
thale cress
(Arabidopsis thaliana)
 eudicotyledons MS2 34
  • 45.34 (n)
rice
(Oryza sativa)
 Liliopsida Os03g0167600 34
  • 44.59 (n)
sea squirt
(Ciona savignyi)
 Ascidiacea -- 35
  • 34 (a)
 ManyToMany
-- 35
  • 34 (a)
 ManyToMany
CSA.10130 35
  • 33 (a)
 ManyToMany
-- 35
  • 32 (a)
 ManyToMany
Species where no ortholog for FAR2 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
  • A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
  • Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
  • African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
  • Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
  • alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
  • amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
  • Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
  • baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
  • barley (Hordeum vulgare)
  • beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
  • bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
  • Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
  • common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
  • corn (Zea mays)
  • E. coli (Escherichia coli)
  • filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
  • Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
  • fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
  • green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
  • honey bee (Apis mellifera)
  • K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
  • loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
  • malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
  • medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
  • moss (Physcomitrella patens)
  • orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
  • pig (Sus scrofa)
  • rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
  • rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
  • schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
  • sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
  • sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
  • soybean (Glycine max)
  • stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
  • sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
  • tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
  • toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
  • Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
  • tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis)
  • wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Evolution for FAR2 Gene

ENSEMBL:
Gene Tree for FAR2 (if available)
TreeFam:
Gene Tree for FAR2 (if available)

Paralogs for FAR2 Gene

Paralogs for FAR2 Gene

(1) SIMAP similar genes for FAR2 Gene using alignment to 6 proteins:

Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for FAR2 Gene

genes like me logo Genes that share paralogs with FAR2: view

Variants for FAR2 Gene

Sequence variations from dbSNP and Humsavar for FAR2 Gene

SNP ID Clin Chr 12 pos Sequence Context AA Info Type
rs1000021935 -- 29,260,281(+) GGCAA(G/T)AGGTA intron-variant
rs1000031571 -- 29,193,436(+) ACTGA(C/T)CATTT intron-variant
rs1000069550 -- 29,276,508(+) ATATG(G/T)AATCT intron-variant
rs1000122874 -- 29,284,618(+) AGACA(A/G)TAGAA intron-variant
rs1000126389 -- 29,230,080(+) TGACC(A/G)AATAA intron-variant

Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for FAR2 Gene

Variant ID Type Subtype PubMed ID
esv2762969 CNV loss 21179565
esv33168 CNV gain 17666407
esv33218 CNV gain 17666407
nsv1113470 CNV deletion 24896259
nsv437739 CNV loss 16327808
nsv477212 CNV novel sequence insertion 20440878
nsv819469 CNV gain 19587683
nsv951345 CNV duplication 24416366
nsv975465 CNV duplication 23825009

Variation tolerance for FAR2 Gene

Residual Variation Intolerance Score: 19.4% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score: 1.56; 30.19% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

Relevant External Links for FAR2 Gene

SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
FAR2

No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for FAR2 Gene

Disorders for FAR2 Gene

Genatlas disease for FAR2 Gene

familial amyloidosis,renal,Ostertag type (lysozyme deposit)

Relevant External Links for FAR2

Genetic Association Database (GAD)
FAR2
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator
FAR2
Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology:
FAR2
genes like me logo Genes that share disorders with FAR2: view

No data available for MalaCards and UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for FAR2 Gene

Publications for FAR2 Gene

  1. Mammalian wax biosynthesis: I. Identification of two fatty acyl- coenzyme A reductases with different substrate specificities and tissue distributions. (PMID: 15220348) Cheng J.B. … Russell D.W. (J. Biol. Chem. 2004) 2 3 4 64
  2. New gene functions in megakaryopoiesis and platelet formation. (PMID: 22139419) Gieger C. … Soranzo N. (Nature 2011) 3 46 64
  3. Personalized smoking cessation: interactions between nicotine dose, dependence and quit-success genotype score. (PMID: 20379614) Rose J.E. … Uhl G.R. (Mol. Med. 2010) 3 46 64
  4. The SDR (short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase and related enzymes) nomenclature initiative. (PMID: 19027726) Persson B. … Oppermann U. (Chem. Biol. Interact. 2009) 2 3 64
  5. Mammalian wax biosynthesis. II. Expression cloning of wax synthase cDNAs encoding a member of the acyltransferase enzyme family. (PMID: 15220349) Cheng J.B. … Russell D.W. (J. Biol. Chem. 2004) 2 3 64

Products for FAR2 Gene

Sources for FAR2 Gene

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