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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

DYRK2 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 65
GCID: GC12P068042

Dual-Specificity Tyrosine-(Y)-Phosphorylation Regulated...
  See related diseases
at
MalaCards
 

Aliases
for DYRK2 gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, 10fRNAdb, 12H-InvDB, 13NCBI, 14NONCODE, and/or 15RNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Dual-Specificity Tyrosine-(Y)-Phosphorylation Regulated Kinase 21 2
EC 2.7.12.13 8
Dual Specificity Tyrosine-Phosphorylation-Regulated Kinase 22
EC 2.7.128

External Ids:    HGNC: 30931   Entrez Gene: 84452   Ensembl: ENSG000001273347   OMIM: 6034965   UniProtKB: Q926303   

Export aliases for DYRK2 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC12P067558 GC12P067846 GC12P067759 GC12P066329 GC12P066328 GC12P065093


Summaries
for DYRK2 gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for DYRK2 Gene:
DYRK2 belongs to a family of protein kinases whose members are presumed to be involved in cellular growth and/or
development. The family is defined by structural similarity of their kinase domains and their capability to
autophosphorylate on tyrosine residues. DYRK2 has demonstrated tyrosine autophosphorylation and catalyzed
phosphorylation of histones H3 and H2B in vitro. Two isoforms of DYRK2 have been isolated. The predominant
isoform, isoform 1, lacks a 5' terminal insert. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

GeneCards Summary for DYRK2 Gene: 
DYRK2 (dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 2) is a protein-coding gene. Diseases associated with DYRK2 include lung adenocarcinoma, and retinoblastoma, and among its related super-pathways are Translation Insulin regulation of translation and DNA Damage. GO annotations related to this gene include protein serine/threonine kinase activity and protein tyrosine kinase activity. An important paralog of this gene is DYRK1A.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DYRK2_HUMAN, Q92630
Function: Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in the regulation of the mitotic cell cycle, cell
proliferation, apoptosis, organization of the cytoskeleton and neurite outgrowth. Functions in part via its role
in ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal protein degradation. Functions downstream of ATM and phosphorylates p53/TP53
at 'Ser-46', and thereby contributes to the induction of apoptosis in response to DNA damage. Phosphorylates
NFATC1, and thereby inhibits its accumulation in the nucleus and its transcription factor activity.
Phosphorylates EIF2B5 at 'Ser-544', enabling its subsequent phosphorylation and inhibition by GSK3B. Likewise,
phosphorylation of NFATC1, CRMP2/DPYSL2 and CRMP4/DPYSL3 promotes their subsequent phosphorylation by GSK3B. May
play a general role in the priming of GSK3 substrates. Inactivates GYS1 by phosphorylation at 'Ser-641', and
potentially also a second phosphorylation site, thus regulating glycogen synthesis. Mediates EDVP E3 ligase
complex formation and is required for the phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of KATNA1. Phosphorylates
SIAH2, and thereby increases its ubiquitin ligase activity. Promotes the proteasomal degradation of MYC and JUN,
and thereby regulates progress through the mitotic cell cycle and cell proliferation. Promotes proteasomal
degradation of GLI2 and GLI3, and thereby plays a role in smoothened and sonic hedgehog signaling. Plays a role
in cytoskeleton organization and neurite outgrowth via its phosphorylation of DCX and DPYSL2. Phosphorylates
CRMP2/DPYSL2, CRMP4/DPYSL3, DCX, EIF2B5, EIF4EBP1, GLI2, GLI3, GYS1, JUN, MDM2, MYC, NFATC1, p53/TP53, TAU/MAPT
and KATNA1. Can phosphorylate histone H1, histone H3 and histone H2B (in vitro). Can phosphorylate CARHSP1 (in
vitro)

Gene Wiki entry for DYRK2 Gene


Genomic Views
for DYRK2 gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 73), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000012.11  NC_018923.2  NT_029419.12  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the DYRK2 gene promoter:
         Pax-5   p53   SREBP-1b   FOXL1   GATA-2   Roaz   RORalpha1   SREBP-1a   ATF6   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: DYRK2 promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for DYRK2

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat DYRK2


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 12q15   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  12q15   HGNC cytogenetic band: 12q15

DYRK2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
DYRK2 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 12         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC12P068042:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 68,042,118 bp from pter      End:
 68,059,186 bp from pter
Size:
 17,069 bases      Orientation:
 plus strand

Proteins
for DYRK2 gene

(According to UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE 1MOPED, 2PaxDb, and 3MAXQB RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp., Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, LSBio, Abcam, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DYRK2_HUMAN, Q92630 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2  
Size: 601 amino acids; 66652 Da
Cofactor: Magnesium
Cofactor: Manganese
Subunit: Component of an E3 ligase complex containing DYRK2, EDD/UBR5, DDB1 and VPRBP (EDVP complex). Interacts
directly with EDD/UBR5, DDB1 and VPRBP. Interacts with SIAH2 and MDM2. Interacts with MAP3K10 and NFATC1. May
also interact with CCNL2
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=Translocates into the nucleus following DNA damage
Sequence caution: Sequence=CAA73885.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended;
3 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for DYRK2:
3K2L (3D)        3KVW (3D)        4AZF (3D)    
Secondary accessions: B2R9V9 Q9BRB5
Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms:  Q92630-1   Q92630-2   

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for DYRK2: NX_Q92630

Explore proteomics data for DYRK2 at MOPED 

Post-translational modifications:

  • UniProtKB: Autophosphorylates cotranslationally on the second tyrosine residue in the Tyr-X-Tyr motif in the activation loop,
    but once mature, does not have any protein tyrosine kinase activity. Phosphorylated at Thr-106 and Ser-442 by ATM
    in response to genotoxic stress
  • UniProtKB: Under normal conditions, polyubiquitinated in the nucleus by MDM2, leading to its proteasomal degradation.
    Phosphorylation on Thr-106 and Ser-442 by ATM in response to genotoxic stress disrupts MDM2 binding and prevents
    MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation. Polyubiquitinated by SIAH2, leading to its
    proteasomal degradation. Polyubiquitinated by SIAH2 occurs under normal conditions, and is enhanced in response
    to hypoxia
  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q92630

    • 4/9 DME Specific Peptides for DYRK2 (Q92630) (see all 9)
     NAKKRQG  LYELIKKN  KVIDFGSSC  IGKGSFGQV 

    DYRK2 Protein expression data from MOPED1, PaxDb2 and MAXQB3 :    About this image 

    DYRK2 Protein Expression
    REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_003574.1  NP_006473.2  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000440839   ENSP00000342105   ENSP00000377186   ENSP00000324733   ENSP00000443314  

    Human Recombinant Protein Products for DYRK2: 
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    Novus Biologicals DYRK2 Proteins
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    Cloud-Clone Corp. Proteins for DYRK2 

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/6 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 6):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000151ubiquitin ligase complex IDA19287380
    GO:0005634nucleus IDA--
    GO:0005730NOT nucleolus IDA--
    GO:0005737cytoplasm IDA--
    GO:0030529ribonucleoprotein complex IEA--

    DYRK2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    DYRK2 Antibody Products: 
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    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for DYRK2 gene

    (According to HGNC, IUPHAR, InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    		 IUPHAR Guide to PHARMACOLOGY protein family classification: dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 2 
    Dyrk2 subfamily

    5 InterPro protein domains:
     IPR017441 Protein_kinase_ATP_BS
     IPR002290 Ser/Thr_dual-sp_kinase_dom
     IPR011009 Kinase-like_dom
     IPR008271 Ser/Thr_kinase_AS
     IPR000719 Prot_kinase_cat_dom

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q92630

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q92630

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DYRK2_HUMAN, Q92630
    Similarity: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MNB/DYRK subfamily
    Similarity: Contains 1 protein kinase domain


    DYRK2 for domains           About GeneDecksing


    Function
    for DYRK2 gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, inGenious Targeting Laboratory, genOway,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Sirion Biotech, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, and Sirion Biotech, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Molecular Function:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: DYRK2_HUMAN, Q92630
    Function: Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in the regulation of the mitotic cell cycle, cell
    proliferation, apoptosis, organization of the cytoskeleton and neurite outgrowth. Functions in part via its role
    in ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal protein degradation. Functions downstream of ATM and phosphorylates p53/TP53
    at 'Ser-46', and thereby contributes to the induction of apoptosis in response to DNA damage. Phosphorylates
    NFATC1, and thereby inhibits its accumulation in the nucleus and its transcription factor activity.
    Phosphorylates EIF2B5 at 'Ser-544', enabling its subsequent phosphorylation and inhibition by GSK3B. Likewise,
    phosphorylation of NFATC1, CRMP2/DPYSL2 and CRMP4/DPYSL3 promotes their subsequent phosphorylation by GSK3B. May
    play a general role in the priming of GSK3 substrates. Inactivates GYS1 by phosphorylation at 'Ser-641', and
    potentially also a second phosphorylation site, thus regulating glycogen synthesis. Mediates EDVP E3 ligase
    complex formation and is required for the phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of KATNA1. Phosphorylates
    SIAH2, and thereby increases its ubiquitin ligase activity. Promotes the proteasomal degradation of MYC and JUN,
    and thereby regulates progress through the mitotic cell cycle and cell proliferation. Promotes proteasomal
    degradation of GLI2 and GLI3, and thereby plays a role in smoothened and sonic hedgehog signaling. Plays a role
    in cytoskeleton organization and neurite outgrowth via its phosphorylation of DCX and DPYSL2. Phosphorylates
    CRMP2/DPYSL2, CRMP4/DPYSL3, DCX, EIF2B5, EIF4EBP1, GLI2, GLI3, GYS1, JUN, MDM2, MYC, NFATC1, p53/TP53, TAU/MAPT
    and KATNA1. Can phosphorylate histone H1, histone H3 and histone H2B (in vitro). Can phosphorylate CARHSP1 (in
    vitro)
    Catalytic activity: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein
    Enzyme regulation: Activated by autophosphorylation on the second tyrosine residue in the Tyr-X-Tyr motif in the
    activation loop. Inhibited by acridine analogs, purvalanol, and barely by harmine. Inhibited by leucettine and
    leucettine derivatives
    Induction: Accumulates in nucleus upon DNA damage. Induced in both esophageal and lung adenocarcinomas

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for DYRK2:
    dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 2,phosphorylating histone H2B

         Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 2.7.12.11 2 EC 2.7.122

         Gene Ontology (GO): 5/10 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 10):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000287magnesium ion binding IDA9748265
    GO:0004672protein kinase activity ----
    GO:0004674protein serine/threonine kinase activity IDA11311121
    GO:0004712protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity IEA--
    GO:0004713protein tyrosine kinase activity IDA9748265
         
    DYRK2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    Phenotypes:
         5 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for DYRK2:
     Decreased G3BP1 protein expres  Decreased focal adhesion (FA)   Decreased mitotic index  Increased cell death HMECs cel 
     Upregulation of NF-kappaB path 

    Animal Models:
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       genOway customized KO model: permanent, tissue-specific or time-controlled inactivation for DYRK2 
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    miRNA
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    8/115 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate DYRK2 (see all 115):
    hsa-miR-3678-3p hsa-miR-15a hsa-miR-218-1* hsa-miR-4305 hsa-miR-605 hsa-miR-1304 hsa-miR-208b hsa-miR-4325
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: DYRK2 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    Gene Editing
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    Pathways & Interactions
    for DYRK2 gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Sino Biological, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    SuperPaths for DYRK2 About                                                                                                See pathways by source

    SuperPathContained pathways About
    1Translation Insulin regulation of translation
    		Translation Regulation activity of EIF20.47
    2DNA Damage
    		Cell Cycle / Checkpoint Control0.32
    3p53 pathway
    		p53 pathway

    Pathways by source                                                                                                                                                                 See SuperPaths
    Show all pathways

    1 EMD Millipore Pathway for DYRK2
        Translation Regulation activity of EIF2


    1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for DYRK2
        Cell Cycle / Checkpoint Control

    1 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathway for DYRK2
        Translation Regulation of EIF2 activity

    1 BioSystems Pathway for DYRK2
        p53 pathway




    DYRK2 for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for DYRK2

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/53 Interacting proteins for DYRK2 (Q926301, 2, 3 ENSP000003421054) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 53)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    ENSG00000232804P081073, ENSP000003930874I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000393087
    HSPA1AP081073, ENSP000003648024I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000364802
    ENSG00000212866P081073I2D: score=2 
    ENSG00000215328P081073I2D: score=2 
    ENSG00000224501P081073I2D: score=2 
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/6 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 6):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0006468protein phosphorylation IDA11311121
    GO:0006974response to DNA damage stimulus IEP19965871
    GO:0007224smoothened signaling pathway IMP18455992
    GO:0042771intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator IDA17349958
    GO:0045725positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process IDA11311121

    DYRK2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for DYRK2 gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, Ligands according to IUPHAR, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section
    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
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    Browse Tocris compounds for DYRK2

    4 HMDB Compounds for DYRK2    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    ADPadenosindiphosphorsaeure (see all 8)58-64-0--
    Adenosine triphosphate5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) Adenosine (see all 24)56-65-5--
    MagnesiumMagnesium (see all 2)7439-95-4--
    Manganesemanganese 7439-96-5--

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about DYRK2

    Transcripts
    for DYRK2 gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 236 Homo sapiens; Apr 25 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    Conferences by KenesGroup, exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Sirion Biotech, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for DYRK2 gene (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_003583.3  NM_006482.2  

    Unigene Cluster for DYRK2:

    Dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 2
    Hs.173135  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_006482
    6 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000543747 ENST00000344096(uc001str.4 uc001sts.4) ENST00000393555
    ENST00000537632 ENST00000319833 ENST00000542503
    miRNA
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    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: DYRK2 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    Additional mRNA sequence: 

    AK024870.1 AK025018.1 AK313937.1 AL832817.1 BC005809.2 BC006375.2 Y09216.1 Y13493.1 

    5 DOTS entries:

    DT.70102673  DT.86852216  DT.100776236  DT.95217947  DT.92031642 

    24/188 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 188):

    BG503033 AW779027 Z44142 AI990466 AI768474 BX414735 BM480346 AA369687 
    BC006375 AW576615 BQ003898 BQ898123 CR612226 AA829145 Y09216 AI078765 
    BU428846 NM_003583 AA088200 Y13493 BF001860 BC005809 CA314286 AI784564 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    4 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for DYRK2    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1a · 1b ^ 2 ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5a · 5b · 5c
    SP1:                    -     -                     
    SP2:                    -                           
    SP3:              -     -     -                     
    SP4:                          -                     


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for DYRK2

    Expression
    for DYRK2 gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    DYRK2 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)      DYRK2 embryonic expression: see
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS <intensity>2/3
    CGAP TAG: AGGACAATGC
    DYRK2 Expression
    About this image


    DYRK2 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells    About this table
    Data from LifeMap, the Embryonic Development and Stem Cells Database 
     5/2 selected tissues (see all 2) fully expand
     
     Blood (Hematopoietic System)    fully expand to see all 3 entries
             t cells   
     
     Liver (Hepatobiliary System)
             Liver Bud

    See DYRK2 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for DYRK2

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.173135

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DYRK2_HUMAN, Q92630
    Tissue specificity: Testis, after the onset of spermatogenesis

        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Array including DYRK2: 
              Apoptosis 384HT in human mouse rat

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    Orthologs
    for DYRK2 gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

    Orthologs for DYRK2 gene from 7/17 species (see all 17)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)    		 Mammalia Dyrk21 , 5 dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated more1, 5 90.76(n)1
    97.5(a)1    		   10 (66.75 cM)5
    691811  NM_001014390.21  NP_001014412.11 
     1188593495 
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves DYRK21 dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated more 82.13(n)
    92.97(a)    		   427864  NM_001031480.1  NP_001026651.1 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia DYRK26
    		 Uncharacterized protein
    		 92(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 GL343256.1(1018265-1019845)
    African clawed frog
    (Xenopus laevis)    		 Amphibia Xl.49182 Xenopus laevis transcribed sequence with moderate similarity more 78.92(n)    BG731137.1 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii dyrk21 dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated more 75.01(n)
    85.52(a)    		   557602  NM_001044833.2  NP_001038298.1 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)    		 Insecta Dyrk31 , 3 protein serine/threonine kinase3
    CG40478-PA1    		 72(a)
    (best of 2)3
    64.23(n)1
    72.73(a)1    		   102F3
    38855671  NM_001038721.11  NP_001033810.11 
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)    		 Secernentea mbk-21 , 3 serine/threonine kinase (2 domains)3
    Protein MBK-21    		 73(a)
    (best of 3)3
    59.49(n)1
    63.11(a)1    		   IV(13031505-13034122)3
    1782501  NM_001028036.11  NP_001023207.11 


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for DYRK2 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for DYRK2 (if available)

    Paralogs
    for DYRK2 gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for DYRK2 gene
    DYRK1A2  DYRK32  HIPK12  DYRK42  HIPK32  HIPK42  HIPK22  DYRK1B2  
    7 SIMAP similar genes for DYRK2 using alignment to 5 protein entries:     DYRK2_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    DYRK3    DYRK4    DYRK1A    DYRK1B    CLK1    CDK2
    CDK7

    DYRK2 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for DYRK2 gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, 4UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/311 SNPs in DYRK2 are shown (see all 311)    About this table     
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 12 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    VAR_0404594
    		A glioblastoma multiforme sample4--see VAR_0404592 P L mis40--------
    rs118314691,2
    		C,F,H--68040548(+) AAGTAT/CTGTAC 2 -- us2k14Minor allele frequency- C:0.21NA WA CSA 126
    rs17977151,2
    		C,F,A,H--68040554(+) TGTACA/G/TAATAA 2 -- us2k112NA WA CSA EA 378
    rs17315461,2
    		C,H--68040606(+) TTTTGC/TTTCAT 2 -- us2k116Minor allele frequency- T:0.01NS EA NA WA CSA 791
    rs37591591,2
    		C,F,H--68040735(+) TAGTGT/CGATGG 2 -- us2k125Minor allele frequency- C:0.31NS EA NA WA CSA 2768
    rs1818722481,2
    		--68040822(+) TTAGTA/CGATTC 2 -- us2k10--------
    rs1116756121,2
    		C--68040996(+) AAGGGTGTTT/- 
                TGTTT     		2 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- -:0.50CSA 2
    rs1429649701,2
    		C--68040996(+) AAGGG-/TGTT  
      TTGTTT    TGTTT     		2 -- us2k10--------
    rs1869419761,2
    		--68041075(+) GTTCCC/GTCTCC 2 -- us2k10--------
    rs19045631,2
    		C,F,H--68041258(+) CTTCCG/AACTGG 2 -- us2k110Minor allele frequency- A:0.05NS NA 1364

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for DYRK2 (68042118 - 68059186 bp)

    Structural Variations
          Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for DYRK2: --
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    Disorders / Diseases
    for DYRK2 gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Conferences by KenesGroup, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    		 OMIM gene information: 603496    OMIM disorders: --

    5 diseases for DYRK2:    About MalaCards
    lung adenocarcinoma    retinoblastoma    adenocarcinoma    lung cancer
    esophagitis


    DYRK2 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    1 Novoseek inferred disease relationship for DYRK2 gene    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    tumors 0 3 12874018 (3)

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): DYRK2
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: DYRK2 (1 document)

    Export disorders for DYRK2 gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for DYRK2 gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for DYRK2 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 38):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with DYRK2)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Sequence characteristics, subcellular localization, and substrate specificity of DYRK-related kinases, a novel family of dual specificity protein kinases. (PubMed id 9748265)1, 2, 3 Becker W....Joost H.-G. (1998)
    2. DYRK2 is targeted to the nucleus and controls p53 via Ser46 phosphorylation in the apoptotic response to DNA damage. (PubMed id 17349958)1, 2, 9 Taira N.... Yoshida K. (2007)
    3. Mutual regulation between SIAH2 and DYRK2 controls hypoxic and genotoxic signaling pathways. (PubMed id 22878263)1, 2 Perez M.... Calzado M.A. (2012)
    4. DYRK2 priming phosphorylation of c-Jun and c-Myc modul ates cell cycle progression in human cancer cells. (PubMed id 22307329)1, 2 Taira N....Yoshida K. (2012)
    5. ATM augments nuclear stabilization of DYRK2 by inhibi ting MDM2 in the apoptotic response to DNA damage. (PubMed id 19965871)1, 2 Taira N....Yoshida K. (2010)
    6. Protein kinase DYRK2 is a scaffold that facilitates assembly of an E3 ligase. (PubMed id 19287380)1, 2 Maddika S. and Chen J. (2009)
    7. Application of active and kinase-deficient kinome col lection for identification of kinases regulating hedgehog signaling. (PubMed id 18455992)1, 2 Varjosalo M....Taipale J. (2008)
    8. A genome-wide Drosophila RNAi screen identifies DYRK-family kinases as regulators of NFAT. (PubMed id 16511445)1, 2 Gwack Y....Rao A. (2006)
    9. Phosphorylation of Ser640 in muscle glycogen synthase by DYRK family protein kinases. (PubMed id 14593110)1, 2 Skurat A.V. and Dietrich A.D. (2004)
    10. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)

    External Searches for DYRK2 gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing DYRK2 gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 8445 HGNC: 3093 AceView: DYRK2 Ensembl:ENSG00000127334 euGenes: HUgn8445
    ECgene: DYRK2 H-InvDB: DYRK2

    Other Databases showing DYRK2 gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing DYRK2 gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for DYRK2 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    Intellectual Property
    for DYRK2 gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for DYRK2 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving DYRK2

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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