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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

DSC1 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 54
GCID: GC18M028732

desmocollin 1

 Explore 23 diseases affiliated with
DSC1 via our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for DSC1
    

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Desmocollin 11 2
CDHF11 2 3
Cadherin Family Member 12 3
Desmosomal Glycoprotein 2/32 3
DG2/DG32 3
Desmocollin-11

External Ids:    HGNC: 30351   Entrez Gene: 18232   Ensembl: ENSG000001347657   OMIM: 1256435   UniProtKB: Q085543   

Export aliases for DSC1 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC18M028528 GC18M026961 GC18M026963 GC18M025564


(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for DSC1:
The protein encoded by this gene is a calcium-dependent glycoprotein that is a member of the desmocollin subfamily of
the cadherin superfamily. These desmosomal family members, along with the desmogleins, are found primarily in
epithelial cells where they constitute the adhesive proteins of the desmosome cell-cell junction and are required for
cell adhesion and desmosome formation. The desmosomal family members are arranged in two clusters on chromosome 18,
occupying less than 650 kb combined. Alternative splicing results in two transcript variants encoding distinct
isoforms. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DSC1_HUMAN, Q08554
Function: Component of intercellular desmosome junctions. Involved in the interaction of plaque proteins and
intermediate filaments mediating cell-cell adhesion. May contribute to epidermal cell positioning (stratification) by
mediating differential adhesiveness between cells that express different isoforms. Linked to the keratinization of
epithelial tissues

Gene Wiki entry for DSC1


(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000018.9  NC_018929.1  NT_010966.14  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the DSC1 gene promoter:
         POU2F2 (Oct-2.1)   Oct-B1   oct-B3   oct-B2   ATF-2   POU2F2   POU2F2C   POU2F1   POU2F1a   POU2F2B   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmidDSC1 promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for DSC1

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat DSC1


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 18q12.1   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  18q12.1   HGNC cytogenetic band: 18q12.1

DSC1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
DSC1 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 18         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC18M028732:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
28,709,199 bp from pter      End:
28,742,819 bp from pter
Size:
33,621 bases      Orientation:
minus strand

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DSC1_HUMAN, Q08554 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Desmocollin-1 precursor  
Size: 894 amino acids; 99987 Da
Subunit: Binds to JUP/plakoglobin
Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cell junction, desmosome
Secondary accessions: Q9HB01
Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms:  Q08554-1   Q08554-2   

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for DSC1: NX_Q08554

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q08554

  • DSC1 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_004939.1  NP_077739.1  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000257197   ENSP00000257198  

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    Uscn Proteins for DSC1

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/6 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 6):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005624membrane fraction ----
    GO:0005886plasma membrane IEA--
    GO:0005921gap junction TAS7679953
    GO:0016020membrane TAS7679953
    GO:0016021integral to membrane IEA--


    DSC1 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



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    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    DSC1 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    5/7 InterPro domains/families (see all 7):
     IPR000233 Cadherin_cytoplasmic-dom
     IPR009124 Desmocollin
     IPR002126 Cadherin
     IPR015919 Cadherin-like
     IPR009122 Desmo_cadherin

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q08554

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q08554

    3 Blocks protein families:
    IPB002126 Cadherin
    IPB009122 Desmosomal cadherin signature
    IPB009124 Desmocollin signature


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DSC1_HUMAN, Q08554
    Domain: Calcium may be bound by the cadherin-like repeats (Potential)
    Domain: Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections,
    imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain (By similarity)
    Similarity: Contains 5 cadherin domains


    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DSC1_HUMAN, Q08554
    Function: Component of intercellular desmosome junctions. Involved in the interaction of plaque proteins and
    intermediate filaments mediating cell-cell adhesion. May contribute to epidermal cell positioning (stratification) by
    mediating differential adhesiveness between cells that express different isoforms. Linked to the keratinization of
    epithelial tissues

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for DSC1:
    desmocollin 1 (desmoglein related DGIV/DGV,desmosomal glycoprotein,cadherin superfamily of calcium dependent
    cell-adhesion molecule),specific for keratinizing epithelium of epidermis,expressed in suprabasal spinous layer of
    epidermis

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    Gene Ontology (GO): 2 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005509calcium ion binding IEA--
    GO:0005515protein binding ----


    DSC1 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    3 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for DSC1:
     Increased S DNA content  Increased TP53 protein express  Synthetic lethal with Ras 

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-outs for DSC1: Dsc1tm1Dga Dsc1tm1Pko
         9 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 2 alleles(MGI details for Dsc1):
     behavior/neurological  cellular  craniofacial  growth/size  homeostasis/metabolism 
     immune system  integument  normal  vision/eye 

    DSC1 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section



    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for DSC1

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 16)

    5/21 Interacting proteins for DSC1 (Q085543 ENSP000002571984) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 21)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    JUPP149233, ENSP000003111134I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000311113
    PKP3Q9Y4463, ENSP000003316784I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000331678
    DSG2Q141263, ENSP000002615904I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000261590
    PKP2Q999593, ENSP000000708464I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000070846
    USP1O947823, ENSP000003435264I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000343526
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 1 biological process term (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0007156homophilic cell adhesion IEA--


    DSC1 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    DSC1 for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
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    Browse Tocris compounds for DSC1

    1 HMDB Compound for DSC1    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    CalciumCa (see all 2)7440-70-2--
    1 Novoseek chemical compound relationship for DSC1 gene    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    retinoic acid 10.5 1 15482329 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about DSC1 

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
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    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section

    REFSEQ mRNAs for DSC1 gene (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_004948.3  NM_024421.2  

    Unigene Cluster for DSC1:

    Desmocollin 1
    Hs.567260  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: X72925
    2 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000257197(uc002kwm.3) ENST00000257198(uc002kwn.3)

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    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    X72925.1 Z34522.1 

    1 DOTS entry:

    DT.100737614 

    15 AceView cDNA sequences:

    AU120006 NM_024421 BX103703 NM_004948 AI160964 CA394960 BV197983 Z34522 
    BV197982 X72925 BF984389 AI092035 BG678493 BF984457 AU146202 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure


    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    DSC1 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: GTGGCGAATG

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)

    About this image
    See DSC1 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for DSC1

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.567260

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DSC1_HUMAN, Q08554
    Tissue specificity: Strongly expressed in epidermis, less in lymph node and tongue

        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including DSC1: 
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              Cell Junction PathwayFinder in human mouse rat

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    In Situ
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    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section

    This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

    Orthologs for DSC1 gene from 4/12 species (see all 12)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification
    Gene Description Human
    Similarity
    Orthology
    Type
    Details
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)
    Aves F1NJD7_CHICK6
    Uncharacterized protein
    49(a)
    1 → many
    2(109109318-109128390)
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)
    Reptilia --
    --
    --
    46(a)
    45(a)
    many ↔ many
    many ↔ many
    GL343207.1(4005714-4028306)
    GL343207.1(3967092-3980002)
    tropical clawed frog
    (Xenopus tropicalis)
    Amphibia Str.172172 Transcribed sequence with weak similarity to protein more 72.88(n)    141996241 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)
    Actinopterygii dsc2l1 desmocollin 2 like 47.44(n)
    38.44(a)
      560091  XM_683486.4  XP_688578.4 


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for DSC1 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for DSC1 (if available) 

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for DSC1 gene
    CDH42  CDH182  DSG42  CDH32  CDH102  CDH112  CDH12  CDH62  
    DSC22  CDH82  CDH202  CDH222  CDH192  DSG12  CDH72  DSG22  
    CDH92  CDH122  CDH262  DSC32  CDH22  CDH242  CDH152  CDH52  
    DSG32  
    9 SIMAP similar genes for DSC1 using alignment to 2 protein entries:     DSC1_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    DSC2    DKFZp686P18250    DSC3    DKFZp686I11137    CDH3    CDH2
    CDH1    CDH4    DSG4

    DSC1 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/867 NCBI SNPs in DSC1 are shown (see all 867    About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance
    Chr 18 posSequence#AA
    Chg
    TypeMore#Allele
    freq
    PopTotal
    sample
    More
    ----------
    rs21564951,2
    C,F,A,H,--25564916(+) GTAATT/CGATTT 2 -- ds500117Minor allele frequency- C:0.15NS EA NA WA CSA 1885
    rs72402591,2
    C,F,A,--25565286(+) TAGTTG/TTCCAA 2 -- ut31 ese34Minor allele frequency- T:0.02NA WA 260
    rs80953541,2
    C,F,A,H,--25565331(+) GGCAGG/ACCTAT 2 -- ut3114Minor allele frequency- A:0.08NS EA NA WA 1454
    rs560827151,2
    C,--25565420(+) AAACAC/TATTTG 2 -- ut311Minor allele frequency- T:0.50WA 2
    rs72414561,2
    H--25565470(+) TTTCAT/CGGAAA 2 -- ut31 ese34Minor allele frequency- C:0.00NS EA 416
    rs27409951,2
    C,H--25565555(-) TTCTAG/AGGTTC 2 -- ut31 ese34Minor allele frequency- A:0.00NS EA 416
    rs765752081,2
    C,F,--25565684(+) GAAATG/AAACTT 2 -- ut311Minor allele frequency- A:0.15WA 118
    rs72448221,2
    C,F,A,H,--25565749(+) CTCAGG/TTGGAG 2 -- ut31 ese320Minor allele frequency- T:0.06NA NS EA WA 2036
    rs774579951,2
    C,F,--25566783(+) ATAGTG/ATAATA 2 -- int11Minor allele frequency- A:0.15WA 118
    rs559135531,2
    C,--25566799(+) AACTGG/ACTAAT 2 -- int11Minor allele frequency- A:0.50WA 2

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for DSC1 (28709199 - 28742819 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
    Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 4 variations for DSC1
         4 CNVs: 5900 102625 58823 5901

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    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    DSC1 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 125643    OMIM disorders: --

    20/23 diseases for DSC1 (see all 23):    About MalaCards
    subcorneal pustular dermatosis    hidradenitis suppurativa    eczema herpeticum    palmoplantar keratosis
    hidradenitis    astroblastoma    hypopyon    lichen planus
    netherton syndrome    pemphigus    skin disease    eczema
    keratosis    acne    sinusitis    hepatocellular carcinoma
    alzheimer's disease    periodontitis    dermatitis    psoriasis

    2 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for DSC1:
    Dermatitis     Netherton syndrome

    4 Novoseek disease relationships for DSC1 gene    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    subcorneal pustular dermatosis 93.4 6 11405762 (2), 9242496 (1), 10606950 (1), 10886149 (1) (see all 5)
    pemphigus 84.4 14 11405762 (2), 19841404 (2), 9242496 (1), 10606950 (1) (see all 11)
    skin diseases 60.1 2 10756926 (1), 9302575 (1)
    cancer 0 4 18422976 (2)


    Export disorders for DSC1 gene to outside databases

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
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    PubMed articles for DSC1 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 71):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with DSC1)
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    1. Genomic organization and amplification of the human desmosomal cadherin genes DSC1 and DSC3, encoding desmocollin types 1 and 3. (PubMed id 11027496)1, 2, 9 Whittock N.V.... McGrath J.A. (2000)
    2. Differential synthesis of type 1 and type 2 desmocollin mRNAs in human stratified epithelia. (PubMed id 8507556)1, 2, 9 Theis D.G.... Franke W.W. (1993)
    3. Nomenclature of the desmosomal cadherins. (PubMed id 8486729)1, 3 Buxton R.S....Stanley J.R. (1993)
    4. Cloning of the cDNA (DSC1) coding for human type 1 desmocollin and its assignment to chromosome 18. (PubMed id 8288219)1, 2 King I.A.... Buxton R.S. (1993)
    5. Keratinization is associated with the expression of a new protein related to the desmosomal cadherins DGII/III. (PubMed id 1713860)1, 2 King I.A.... Buxton R.S. (1991)
    6. Desmocollin 1 expression and desmosomal remodeling during terminal differentiation of human anagen hair follicle: an electron microscopic study. (PubMed id 15140019)1, 9 Donetti E....Barajon I. (2004)
    7. Corneodesmosomal cadherins are preferential targets of stratum corneum trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like hyperactivity in Netherton syndrome. (PubMed id 16628198)1, 9 Descargues P....Hovnanian A. (2006)
    8. Patterns of desmocollin synthesis in human epithelia: immunolocalization of desmocollins 1 and 3 in special epithelia and in cultured cells. (PubMed id 8884173)1, 9 Nuber U.A....Franke W.W. (1996)
    9. Interactions of plakoglobin and beta-catenin with des mosomal cadherins: basis of selective exclusion of alpha- and beta-catenin from desmosomes. (PubMed id 19759396)2, 9 Choi H.J....Weis W.I. (2009)
    10. Direct Ca2+-dependent heterophilic interaction between desmosomal cadherins, desmoglein and desmocollin, contributes to cell-cell adhesion. (PubMed id 9214392)1, 9 Chitaev N.A. and Troyanovsky S.M. (1997)

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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    Entrez Gene: 1823 HGNC: 3035 AceView: DSC1 Ensembl:ENSG00000134765 euGenes: HUgn1823
    ECgene: DSC1 H-InvDB: DSC1

    (According to HUGE)
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      --

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for DSC1 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
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    Patent Information for DSC1 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving DSC1

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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