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DPYD Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 71

GC01M097255

dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc , and/or ⁷Ensembl, ⁸miRBase)
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Aliases
DHP ^²
DHPDHASE ^²
DHPDHase ^³
DPD ^¹, ², ³, ⁵
EC 1.3.1.2 ^³
MGC132008 ^²
MGC70799 ^²
OTTHUMP00000037640 ^²
OTTHUMP00000058954 ^²

Descriptions
Dihydrothymine dehydrogenase ^², ³
Dihydrouracil dehydrogenase ^², ³
dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase ^²

External Ids
HGNC: 3012¹
Entrez Gene: 1806²
UniProtKB: Q12882³
Ensembl: ENSG00000188641⁷

Search outside databases for aliases for DPYD gene

Previous GC identifers: GC01M097839 GC01M096644 GC01M096828 GC01M097015

(According to Entrez Gene, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
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EntrezGene summary for DPYD:

The protein encoded by this gene is a pyrimidine catabolic enzyme and the initial and rate-limiting

factor in the pathway of uracil and thymidine catabolism. Mutations in this gene result in

dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency, an error in pyrimidine metabolism associated with

thymine-uraciluria and an increased risk of toxicity in cancer patients receiving 5-fluorouracil

chemotherapy. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

[provided by RefSeq]

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DPYD_HUMAN, Q12882

Function: Involved in pyrimidine base degradation. Catalyzes the reduction of uracil and thymine.

Also involved the degradation of the chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil

Gene Wiki entry for DPYD

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 36),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC and Ensembl, Transcription factor binding sites according to SABiosciences)
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Genomic View:

UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Transcription factor binding sites upstream to the DPYD gene

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 1p22 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 1p21.3 HGNC cytogenetic band: 1p22

DPYD Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 1 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC01M097255: (about GC identifiers)

Start:	97,315,887 bp from pter
End:	98,159,203 bp from pter
Size:	843,317 bases
Orientation:	minus strand

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000001.9 NT_032977.8

(According to ¹UniProtKB, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to ²Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Enzo Life Sciences, Abnova, OriGene and/or, Abcam,
Biochemical Assays by Invitrogen, Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, and/or Enzo Life Sciences, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Abnova, and/or Novus Biologicals)
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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DPYD_HUMAN, Q12882 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP+] precursor

Size: 1025 amino acids; 111401 Da

Cofactor: Binds 2 FAD

Cofactor: Binds 2 FMN

Cofactor: Binds 2 4Fe-4S clusters. Contains approximately 33 iron atoms per molecule

Subunit: Homodimer

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm

Secondary accessions: A2RRQ2 A2RRQ3 A8K5A2 A8MWG9 Q16694 Q16761 Q96TH1

Post-translational modifications:

View phosphorylation sites using PhosphoSite²

REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts):

NP_000101.2 NP_001153773.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000359211 ENSP00000377715 ENSP00000307107 ENSP00000359210

Human Recombinant Proteins

	Browse Drug Discovery Central at Invitrogen for human recombinant proteins
	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at Millipore
	Browse Human Recombinant Proteins at Sigma-Aldrich
	Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	Recombinant Proteins from Abcam (DPYD)
	Human Recombinant Proteins from Abnova (DPYD)

Browse Origene for full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells

2 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component terms (links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IDA	1512248
GO:0005829	cytosol	IDA	9348115

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Antibodies for DPYD:

	Browse Antibodies Central at Invitrogen
	Browse Millipore's Extensive Line of Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies
	Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for DPYD
	Browse R&D Systems for Antibodies
	Antibodies from Abcam (DPYD), each with their Abpromise^SM
	Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies from Abnova (DPYD)
	Novus Biologicals Antibody for DPYD

Assays for DPYD:

	Browse Invitrogen for biochemical assays
	Browse Kits and Assays available from Millipore
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	Browse biochemical assays available from Enzo Life Sciences

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
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Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q12882

ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q12882

2 Blocks protein families:

IPB000103 Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase

IPB001327 Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DPYD_HUMAN, Q12882

Similarity: Belongs to the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase family

Similarity: Contains 3 4Fe-4S ferredoxin-type domains

(According to MGI Jun 06 2009, UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas,
shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Sigma-Aldrich,
RNAi Products, Clones, and Q-PCR Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, OriGene, and/or Abnova, siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, SYBR primers from OriGene, Cell-based Assays from Millipore, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (DPYD)
		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (DPYD)

OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_000110

Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs for DPYD

Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for DPYD

Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for DPYD

Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs

Clones:		Browse Clone Ranger at Invitrogen for clones
		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore

OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000110
Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000110
untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000110

Primers:

Browse Quantitative PCR Central at Invitrogen for Q-PCR LUX™ Primers

OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: NM_000110

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DPYD_HUMAN, Q12882

Function: Involved in pyrimidine base degradation. Catalyzes the reduction of uracil and thymine.

Also involved the degradation of the chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil

Catalytic activity: 5,6-dihydrouracil + NADP(+) = uracil + NADPH

Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 1.3.1.2

Genatlas biochemistry entry for DPYD:

dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase,pyrimidine catabolic pathway,pyrimidine catabolism

5/12 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (links to tree view) (see all 12 ):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004158	dihydroorotate oxidase activity	IEA	--
GO:0004159	dihydrouracil dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity	EXP	8083224
GO:0005488	binding	IEA	--
GO:0005506	iron ion binding	IEA	--
GO:0009055	electron carrier activity	IEA	--

About this table

(Pathways according to Invitrogen (maps by GeneGo), Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, and/or ³STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
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3 Sigma-Aldrich "Your Favorite Gene" Pathways for DPYD (Your Favorite Gene powered by Ingenuity)

Pyrimidine Metabolism
Pantothenate and CoA Biosynthesis
&beta

GeneDecks DPYD for the pathways selected above

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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DPYD_HUMAN, Q12882

Pathway: Amino-acid biosynthesis; beta-alanine biosynthesis

Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for DPYD

5/27 Interacting proteins for DPYD (ENSP00000359211³) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING (see all 27 )

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
DPYS	ENSP00000276651³	STRING (score=.991)
TYMP	ENSP00000252029³	STRING (score=.973)
UPP1	ENSP00000330032³	STRING (score=.966)
UPP2	ENSP00000005756³	STRING (score=.966)
NP	ENSP00000354532³	STRING (score=.899)

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5/7 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (links to tree view) (see all 7 ):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0006145	purine base catabolic process	IMP	11988088
GO:0006207	'de novo' pyrimidine base biosynthetic process	IEA	--
GO:0006210	thymine catabolic process	IDA	10410956
GO:0006212	uracil catabolic process	IDA	1512248 18075467
GO:0006214	thymidine catabolic process	IDA	1512248

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(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
About This Section

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Small Molecules at Sigma-Aldrich

Browse Tocris compounds for DPYD
10/42 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for DPYD gene (see all 42 )

Compound	Score	Articles	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine	93.61	85	17940834 (3), 12739060 (2), 19093184 (2), 15949589 (2) (see all 29)
dihydrouracil	92.85	35	7923135 (3), 14744810 (2), 8277507 (2), 15045945 (2) (see all 24)
(e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)uracil	89.91	46	9164418 (4), 9808711 (3), 10725316 (3), 10779372 (2) (see all 12)
potassium oxonate	89.25	23	15217941 (2), 14556932 (1), 12739060 (1), 15331922 (1) (see all 14)
pyrimidine	82.11	104	15899693 (2), 15303009 (2), 11668512 (2), 9830621 (1) (see all 53)
5-vinyluracil	81.99	7	12866042 (2), 12617910 (1), 15073108 (1)
thymidine	81.15	342	17993734 (4), 12910418 (2), 15538739 (2), 16012711 (2) (see all 99)
dihydrothymine	79.49	5	9679586 (1), 12829003 (1), 9857238 (1), 17272486 (1)
alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine	75.05	7	11896120 (1), 10545788 (1), 11106122 (1), 16369751 (1) (see all 5)
thymine	73.98	47	16556484 (2), 10071185 (2), 9857238 (2), 1544906 (1) (see all 28)

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3 PharmGKB drug compound relationships for DPYD gene

Drug compound	PharmGKB Relations	PubMed IDs for articles supporting these relationships
5-fluorouracil	CO PD FA GN	12360106 12084458 14730388
fluorouracil	PD PK FA GN	12164772 3335642 7491709
methotrexate	FA	12084458

About this table

(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 219 Homo sapiens; Jun 2 2009) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView,
non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, and/or Abnova,
siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (DPYD)
		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (DPYD)

OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_000110

Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for DPYD

Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for DPYD

Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs

Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs:

NM_000110

REFSEQ mRNAs for DPYD gene (2 alternative transcripts):

NM_000110.3 NM_001160301.1

NM_000110

              OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000110
                                 Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000110
                                 untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000110

Additional cDNA sequence:

AB003063.1 AK291217.1 AK297515.1 BC008379.1 BC064027.1 BC108742.1 BC131777.1 BC131778.1

BT006740.1 CR590314.1 CR607436.1 U09178.1 U20938.1

10 DOTS entries:

DT.112203 DT.92427124 DT.121366027 DT.451691 DT.100722198 DT.100778995 DT.121366025 DT.91744203

DT.91983122 DT.95168350

24/111 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 111 ):

AI798067 CR607436 U20938 CA441327 CD723498 AB003063 CB241720 BQ428238

CD723572 BM474131 BX281533 BU146366 AL045199 BX486224 AL702440 AI168714

CR590314 AA402686 AI480415 AA402835 BX339757 AL533024 BG024298 BX339758

highest scoring ESTs for DPYD:

U20938 AB003063 AI752078 AL533024 AU076411 AU098568 BC008379 BC064027 BE889239 BE961084

Unigene Cluster for DPYD:

Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase

Hs.335034 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_000110

GeneLoc Exon Structure

4 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations:

ENST00000370192 ENST00000394160 ENST00000306031 ENST00000370191

(Experimental results according to ¹GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to ²GeneAnnot , ³GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 219 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems )
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DPYD expression in normal and diseased human tissues

Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays for DPYD

¹ / ² / ³

5 probe-sets matching DPYD gene

Affymetrix probe-set	Array	# genes	Sensitivity	Specificity	Correlation	Length	Gb_Accession	Consensus	Uniqueness	Score	Rank
Affymetrix probe-set	Array	GeneAnnot data			GeneNote data		GeneTide data
38220_at²^{, 3}	U95-A	1	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	U20938	1.00	1.00	1.00	1
204646_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	0.91	1.00	--	--	NM_000110	0.60	1.00	0.82	1
1554534_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
1554536_at²	U133Plus2	1	0.91	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
204646_at²	U133Plus2	1	0.91	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--

GeneDecks DPYD for binary patterns associated with the probe-sets selected above

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Data from

(Publications) and GNF BioGPS
About these images
About these images

CGAP SAGE TAG: GCATCTTCAA

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.335034
Expression variation in blood from EXPOLDB for DPYD
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DPYD_HUMAN, Q12882
Tissue specificity: Found in most tissues with greatest activity found in liver and peripheral
blood mononuclear cells

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD and/or ⁵MGI Jun 06 2009, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
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Orthologs for DPYD gene from 5/15 species (see all 15 )

Organism	Gene	Locus	Description	Human Similarity	NCBI accessions
dog (Canis familiaris)	DPYD¹	--	dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase	92.53(n) 92.57(a)	479935 XM_537061.2 XP_537061.2
chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)	DPYD¹	--	dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase	99.38(n) 99.71(a)	457047 XM_513583.2 XP_513583.2
cow (Bos taurus)	DPYD¹	--	dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase	91.41(n) 92.38(a)	281124 NM_174041.2 NP_776466.1
rat (Rattus norvegicus)	Dpyd¹	--	dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase	85.59(n) 89.17(a)	81656 NM_031027.1 NP_112289.1
mouse (Mus musculus)	Dpyd^{1, 5}	3⁵	dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase^{1, 5}	86.15(n)¹ 89.56(a)¹	99586¹ NM_170778.2¹ NP_740748.1¹ AI315208⁵ AI853171⁵ (see all 12)

About this table Species with no ortholog for DPYD

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for DPYD

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene
and ²Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to ³Pseudogene.org)
About This Section

(According to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Genotyping Reagents from Applied Biosystems)
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10/4037 NCBI SNPs in DPYD are shown (see all 4037 )
(Click for Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Genotyping Assay) (see all 1229)

AB	SNP ID	Valid	Chr 1 pos	Sequence	Recs	AA Chg	Type	More	Recs	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
AB	Genomic Data				Transcription Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--				--
	rs1801265^1,2	A,C,F,H	98121473(-)	`CTCTGT/CGTTCC`	1	R/C	mis¹ ese³		12		MN EU EA WA NA	1164
	rs1042482^1,2	A,C,F,H	97316547(-)	`ATTAAG/ATAAAA`	1	--	ut3¹ ese³		12		MN EU EA WA NA	1128
	rs291592^1,2	A,C,F,H	97316352(-)	`CTTTTA/GCTGTG`	1	--	ut3¹		8		MN NA EU EA WA	744
	rs1801159^1,2	A,C,F,H	97753983(-)	`AGTTTA/GTAAAT`	1	I/V	mis¹		12		MN NA EU EA WA	1092
	rs291593^1,2	A,C,F,H	97316340(-)	`ACATAC/TGGGCT`	1	--	ut3¹ ese³		9		MN EA NA EU WA	818
	rs2297595^1,2	C,F,H	97937679(+)	`ACTCAT/CTGCTT`	1	V/M	mis¹		8		EU EA WA	832
	rs17470762^1,2	F,H	97316220(+)	`ACTTAA/GTATAT`	1	--	ut3¹		7		NA EU EA WA	550
	rs1801158^1,2	C,F	97754009(-)	`CATTAG/ATGTAG`	1	N/S	mis¹		5		MN EU EA WA	604
--	rs6604096^1,2	C	98159381(+)	`TCTTTA/TAACTG`	1	--	ng3¹ tfbs³		0	--	--	--	--
	rs2635723^1,2	H	97316654(-)	`TGTTTC/ATAAGA`	1	--	ut3¹		4		EU EA WA	420

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HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for DPYD (up to first 250kb)

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, Novoseek, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, BCGD, and/or TGDB.)
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OMIM: 612779 disorders: 274270 274270

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DPYD_HUMAN, Q12882

Defects in DPYD are the cause of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency (DPYD

deficiency) [MIM:274270]; also known as hereditary thymine-uraciluria or familial pyrimidinemia.

DPYD deficiency is a disease characterized by persistent urinary excretion of excessive amounts of

uracil, thymine and 5-hydroxymethyluracil. Patients suffering from this disease show a severe

reaction to the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil. This reaction includes stomatitis, Leukopenia,

thrombocytopenia, hair loss, diarrhea, fever, marked weight loss, cerebellar ataxia, and

neurologic symptoms, progressing to semicoma

10/75 Novoseek disease relationships for DPYD gene (see all 75 )

Disease	Score	Articles	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
colorectal cancer	79.87	279	15069545 (6), 9951876 (5), 16786143 (5), 15820075 (4) (see all 99)
pyrimidine metabolism disorder	78.89	1	10750737 (1)
gastric cancer	72.17	117	19102414 (4), 10697632 (4), 11865631 (3), 10744051 (3) (see all 46)
recurrent gastric cancer	70.19	4	16835493 (1), 18690094 (1)
cancer	65.54	313	11729480 (6), 15330204 (6), 12722680 (6), 9323539 (4) (see all 99)
gastrointestinal carcinoma	64.02	7	11862480 (2), 16619549 (1), 17848752 (1)
orotic aciduria	61.24	1	8581129 (1)
tumors	60.79	577	14744539 (8), 15015608 (7), 15309506 (6), 16786143 (6) (see all 99)
enzyme deficiency	56.49	5	9280881 (2), 17397246 (1), 12912951 (1), 18937829 (1)
mucositis	56.32	8	18299612 (2), 9732227 (1), 10473079 (1), 16965690 (1) (see all 6)

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5 PharmGKB disease relationships for DPYD gene

Disease	PharmGKB Relations	PubMed IDs for articles supporting these relationships
5-fluorouracil associated toxicity	CO PD GN	12360106
Leukemia	FA	12084458
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Acute, L1	FA GN	12086872
Neoplasms	PK	7491709
epithelial cancers	PK	12164772

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Genatlas disease: DPYD

thymine-uraciluria,with convulsive disorders of variable clinical expression,motor and mental

retardation,mild or quite severe,hereditary and sensitivity to fluorouracyl in heterozygotes

Human Gene Mutation Database: DPYD
Genetic Association Database: DPYD
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator: DPYD (40 documents)

(Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
About This Section

AACR: DPYD Methylation May Cause 5-FU Toxicity

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Novoseek, ²HGNC, ³Entrez Gene, ⁴UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁵UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁶GAD, and/or ⁷PharmGKB)
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10/657 PubMed articles for DPYD gene (see all 657 ):

High prevalence of the IVS14 + 1G>A mutation in the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene of patients with severe 5-fluorouracil-associated toxicity. (PubMed id 12360106)^{3, 6, 7} Van Kuilenburg A.B....Van Gennip A.H. (2002)
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase pharmacogenetics in the Taiwanese population. (PubMed id 15132136)^{1, 3, 6} Hsiao H.H....Lin S.F. (2004)
Increased risk of grade IV neutropenia after administration of 5-fluorouracil due to a dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency: high prevalence of the IVS14+1g>a mutation. (PubMed id 12209976)^{1, 3, 6} Van Kuilenburg A.B....Van Gennip A.H. (2002)
Lack of correlation between phenotype and genotype for the polymorphically expressed dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in a family of Pakistani origin. (PubMed id 9170156)^{1, 3, 4} Fernandez-Salguero P.M.... Gonzalez F.J. (1997)
Mutations in exon 14 of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase and 5-Fluorouracil toxicity in Portuguese colorectal cancer patients. (PubMed id 15017333)^{1, 3, 6} Salgueiro N....Castedo S. (2004)
Germline mutation of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenese gene among a Japanese population in relation to toxicity to 5-Fluorouracil. (PubMed id 11267945)^{1, 3, 6} Yamaguchi K....Akagi K. (2001)
[Mutations in the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene and their role in 5-fluororuracil intolerance] (PubMed id 12822071)^{1, 3, 6} Gross E....Kiechle M. (2002)
Suicidal inactivation of human dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase by (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)uracil derived from the antiviral, sorivudine. (PubMed id 9464498)^{1, 3, 4} Ogura K.... Watabe T. (1998)
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency: identification and expression of missense mutations C29R, R886H and R235W. (PubMed id 9439663)^{1, 3, 4} Vreken P.... van Gennip A.H. (1997)
Structural organization of the human dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene. (PubMed id 9135003)^{1, 3, 4} Johnson M.R.... Diasio R.B. (1997)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 1806	HGNC: 3012	AceView: DPYD	Ensembl:ENSG00000188641	euGenes: HUgn1806
ECgene: DPYD	H-InvDB: DPYD

(According to HUGE)
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(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
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Name	Description
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for DPYD	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
GeneReviews	http://www.genetests.org/query?gene=DPYD

Licensable Technologies for DPYD
(Available from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts)

About This Section

(Reagents available from Applied Biosystems, Antibodies and assays by Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Novus Biologicals,
Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Millipore, Abnova, and/or Invitrogen, Clones available from OriGene,and/or Invitrogen, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Tocris Bioscience)
About This Section

Products for DPYD:

TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays

TaqMan ® Genotyping Assays

Free SNP selection tool

Invitrogen iPath Pathways	Invitrogen BLOCK-iT™ RNAi
Invitrogen Antibodies	Invitrogen Assays
Invitrogen Clones	Invitrogen Q-PCR Products
Invitrogen Human Recombinant Kinases	Invitrogen Custom Antibody and Peptide Service
Invitrogen Proteins / Assays / Screening Services	Search Invitrogen catalog for DPYD-related products

	Millipore Custom Antibody & Bulk Services
	Millipore Preclinical / Clinical Development Services
	Millipore Immunoassay Services
	Millipore Target Screening & Profiling Services

	Predesigned and custom siRNAs for DPYD		Antibodies for DPYD
	Explore super-pooled esiRNAs		Browse proteins at Sigma-Aldrich
	Lentivirus-delivered shRNAs for DPYD		Browse small molecules at Sigma-Aldrich
	"Your Favorite Gene" Pathways		feedback

	Antibodies		Primer Pairs
	Cell Culture Products		ELISAs
	Flow Cytometry Kits		Protease Activity Assays & Reagents
	Cell Selection/Detection Kits & Reagents		ELISA/Assay Development Kits & Reagents
	Multiplex/Array Assay Kits & Reagents		ELISpot Kits & Development Modules
	Recombinant & Natural Proteins

	Recombinant Proteins (DPYD)
	Antibodies (DPYD)
	Chimera RNAi (DPYD)
	Custom Service for Mouse Mab
	Custom Service for Rabbit Pab from Full-length Protein

Search for Antibodies & Assays

	Recombinant Proteins (DPYD)
	Antibodies (DPYD)

Search OriGene for DPYD

Search Tocris compounds for DPYD

Search www.enzolifesicences.com for proteins, assays, substrates, inhibitors & antibodies

Antibodies for DPYD

GeneCards Homepage - Last full update: 2 Jul 2009 Incremental update: 13 Oct 2009

Random Gene From GIFtS :

about GIFtS

Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Developed at the Crown Human Genome Center & Weizmann Institute of Science

The GeneCards Human Gene Database: Copyright © 1996-2009, Weizmann Institute of Science. All Rights Reserved.
DPYD Gene at Home site.
Version 2.41.1
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DPYD Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 71

Aliases &
Descriptions
for DPYD

Summaries
for DPYD

Genomic Location
for DPYD

Proteins
for DPYD

Protein Domains/
Families
for DPYD

Gene Function
for DPYD

Pathways & Interactions
for DPYD

Drugs & Compounds
for DPYD

Transcripts
for DPYD

Expression
for DPYD

Orthologs
for DPYD

Paralogs
for DPYD

SNPs/Variants
for DPYD

Disorders & Mutations
for DPYD

Medical News
for DPYD

Publications
for DPYD

Search for DPYD

Genome Databases showing DPYD

Other Databases showing DPYD

Specialized Databases showing DPYD

Licensable Technologies
for DPYD

Services
for DPYD

Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

DPYD Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 71

Aliases & Descriptionsfor DPYD

Summariesfor DPYD

Genomic Locationfor DPYD

Proteinsfor DPYD

Protein Domains/Familiesfor DPYD

Gene Functionfor DPYD

Pathways & Interactionsfor DPYD

Drugs & Compoundsfor DPYD

Transcriptsfor DPYD

Expression for DPYD

Orthologsfor DPYD

Paralogsfor DPYD

SNPs/Variantsfor DPYD

Disorders & Mutationsfor DPYD

Medical Newsfor DPYD

Publicationsfor DPYD

Search for DPYD

Genome Databases showing DPYD

Other Databases showing DPYD

Specialized Databases showing DPYD

Licensable Technologiesfor DPYD

Servicesfor DPYD

Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Aliases &
Descriptions
for DPYD

Summaries
for DPYD

Genomic Location
for DPYD

Proteins
for DPYD

Protein Domains/
Families
for DPYD

Gene Function
for DPYD

Pathways & Interactions
for DPYD

Drugs & Compounds
for DPYD

Transcripts
for DPYD

Expression
for DPYD

Orthologs
for DPYD

Paralogs
for DPYD

SNPs/Variants
for DPYD

Disorders & Mutations
for DPYD

Medical News
for DPYD

Publications
for DPYD

Licensable Technologies
for DPYD

Services
for DPYD