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Aliases & Descriptions for D2HGDH
(According to
1HGNC,
2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc
, and/or 7Ensembl,
8miRBase) About This Section
|
| Aliases |
|---|
| D2HGD 1, 2, 3, 5 | | EC 1.1.99.- 3 | | FLJ42195 1, 2 | | MGC25181 1, 2 |
| | | Descriptions |
|---|
| D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase 2 |
|
| | Search outside databases for aliases for D2HGDH genePrevious GC identifer: GC02P9M0151 |
Summaries for D2HGDH(According to Entrez Gene,
Wikipedia's
Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
and/or
UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
| EntrezGene summary for D2HGDH: This gene encodes D-2hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase, a mitochondrial enzyme belonging to the FAD-binding oxidoreductase/transferase type 4 family. This enzyme, which is most active in liver and kidney but also active in heart and brain, converts D-2-hydroxyglutarate to 2-ketoglutarate. Mutations in this gene are present in D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria, a rare recessive neurometabolic disorder causing developmental delay, epilepsy, hypotonia, and dysmorphic features. [provided by RefSeq] UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: D2HDH_HUMAN, Q8N465Function: Catalyzes the oxidation of D-2-hydroxyglutarate to alpha-ketoglutarateGene Wiki entry for D2HGDH |
Genomic Location for D2HGDH
(According to
GeneLoc and/or
HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 36),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to
UCSC and
Ensembl,
Transcription factor binding sites according to
SABiosciences) About This Section
| Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 2q37.3 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 2q37.3 HGNC cytogenetic band: 2p25.3D2HGDH Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
 GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 2 GeneLoc Exon Structure GeneLoc location for GC02P242323:
(about GC identifiers)
Start:
|
242,322,690 bp from pter |
End:
|
242,356,904 bp from pter |
Size:
|
34,215 bases |
Orientation:
|
plus strand |
RefSeq DNA sequence:- NT_113880.1 NC_000002.10 NT_005416.12
| Proteins for D2HGDH
(According to
1UniProtKB,
and/or Ensembl,
Phosphorylation sites according to 2Phosphosite,
RefSeq according to NCBI,
PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia,
Recombinant Proteins
from Invitrogen,
Millipore,
Sigma-Aldrich,
R&D Systems,
Enzo Life Sciences,
Abnova,
OriGene and/or,
Abcam,
Biochemical Assays by
Invitrogen,
Millipore,
R&D Systems,
Cell Signaling Technology, and/or
Enzo Life Sciences,
Ontologies according to Gene
Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 and
Entrez Gene,
Antibodies by Invitrogen,
Millipore,
Sigma-Aldrich,
R&D Systems,
Cell Signaling Technology,
Abcam,
Abnova, and/or
Novus Biologicals)
About This Section
| UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: D2HDH_HUMAN, Q8N465 (See
protein sequence)Recommended Name: D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor Size: 521 amino acids; 56416 Da
Cofactor: FAD (Potential)
Subcellular location: Mitochondrion (Probable)
Sequence caution: Sequence=AAH31817.2; Type=Miscellaneous discrepancy; Note=Intron retention; Sequence=AAX82020.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction;
Secondary accessions: Q6IQ24 Q8N5Q8Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms: Q8N465-1 Q8N465-2 REFSEQ proteins: NP_689996.4
ENSEMBL proteins: ENSP00000315351 ENSP00000339536 ENSP00000384723
Human Recombinant Proteins Browse Origene for full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells 
1 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component term (links to tree view): About this table
Antibodies for D2HGDH: Assays for D2HGDH: | Protein
Domains/ Families for D2HGDH(According to InterPro, ProtoNet,
UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section
| - Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q8N465
ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q8N465 1 Blocks protein family: IPB004113 FAD linked oxidase
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: D2HDH_HUMAN, Q8N465Similarity: Belongs to the FAD-binding oxidoreductase/transferase type 4 familySimilarity: Contains 1 FAD-binding PCMH-type domain | Gene Function for D2HGDH
(According to MGI Jun 06 2009, UniProtKB,
IUBMB,and/or Genatlas,
shRNA from
OriGene,
Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from
Sigma-Aldrich,
RNAi Products,
Clones, and
Q-PCR Products
from Invitrogen,
Millipore,
OriGene, and/or
Abnova,
siRNAs from
Applied Biosystems,
SYBR primers from OriGene,
Cell-based Assays from Millipore,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via
Entrez Gene.)
About This Section
|                  Browse Origene for 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector
Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs for D2HGDH
Sigma-Aldrich siRNA for D2HGDH  Browse shRNA at Sigma-Aldrich  Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs 
              OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_152783                                  Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_152783                                  untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): BC036604 
Primers: Browse
Quantitative PCR Central at Invitrogen for Q-PCR LUX™ Primers               OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: NM_152783
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: D2HDH_HUMAN, Q8N465Function: Catalyzes the oxidation of D-2-hydroxyglutarate to alpha-ketoglutarateCatalytic activity: (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate + acceptor = 2-oxoglutarate + reduced acceptorEnzyme regulation: Activated by zinc and cobaltEnzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 1.1.99.- 4 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (links to tree view): About this table | Pathways & Interactions for D2HGDH
(Pathways according to Invitrogen
(maps by GeneGo),
Millipore,
Cell Signaling Technology,
Sigma-Aldrich,
KEGG
and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
Proteins Network according to
SABiosciences,
Interactions according to 1UniProtKB,
2MINT, and/or
3STRING,
with links to IntAct and
Ensembl,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via
Entrez Gene.)
About This Section
|
1 Interacting protein for D2HGDH (Q8N4651) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRINGAbout this table
5/7 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (links to tree view) (see all 7
): About this table
|
Drugs & Compounds for D2HGDH(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences,
Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or
Novoseek and Drugs according to
Enzo Life Sciences and/or
PharmGKB)
About This Section
|
Browse Tocris compounds for D2HGDH
|
Transcripts for D2HGDH(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene
(Build 219 Homo sapiens; Jun 2 2009) or GenBank, RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or
AceView,
non coding RNAs according to
RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc,
alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or
ECgene,
RNAi Products from Invitrogen,
Millipore, and/or
Abnova,
siRNAs from Applied Biosystems,
Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from
Sigma-Aldrich,
OriGene,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from
OriGene, Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems) About This Section
|                  Browse Origene for 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector
Sigma-Aldrich siRNA for D2HGDH  Browse shRNA at Sigma-Aldrich  Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs 
Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs: NM_152783 REFSEQ mRNAs for D2HGDH gene: NM_152783.3
Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays: NM_152783               OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_152783                                  Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_152783                                  untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): BC036604  Additional cDNA sequence: AK304773.1 AK311066.1 11 DOTS entries: DT.92068331 DT.99969480 DT.75139555 DT.95211512 DT.108618 DT.121001808 DT.99937479 DT.108617 DT.100781756 DT.102828291 DT.121001801
highest scoring ESTs for D2HGDH:AA478726 AA479430 AA700770 AF318334 AI283360 AI608921 AI927858 AI953659 AJ346772 AK027102 Unigene Clusters for D2HGDH: D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase Hs.516813 [show with all ESTs], Hs.535639 [show with all ESTs]Unigene Representative Sequences: BC036604, NM_152783
GeneLoc Exon Structure
5/8 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for D2HGDH (see all 8
)
| ExUns: | 1a | · | 1b | · | 1c | ^ | 2 | ^ | 3 | ^ | 4 | ^ | 5a | · | 5b | ^ | 6 | ^ | 7a | · | 7b | · | 7c | ^ | 8a | · | 8b | ^ | 9 | ^ | 10 | ^ | 11a | · | 11b | ^ | 12 | ^ | 13a | · | 13b | · | 13c | |
| SP1: | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | - |   | |   | |   | - |   | |   | |   | - |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |
| SP2: | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | - |   | - |   | - |   | - |   | |   | |   | - |   | - |   | - |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |
| SP3: | |   | |   | |   | - |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | - |   | - |   | - |   | - |   | |   | |   | - |   | - |   | - |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |
| SP4: | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | - |   | - |   | - |   | - |   | - |   | - |   | - |   | - |   | - |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |
| SP5: | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | |   | - |   | - |   | - |   | |   | |   | |   | |   |
About this scheme
ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for D2HGDH
3 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations: ENST00000321264
ENST00000342518
ENST00000403782
|
Expression for D2HGDH
(Experimental results according to
1GeneNote
and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to
2GeneAnnot ,
3GeneTide ,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
Electronic Northern calculations according to data from
UniGene (Build 219 Homo sapiens),
SAGE tags according to
CGAP,
plus additional links to
SOURCE, and/or
GNF
BioGPS, and/or
EXPOLDB, and/or
UniProtKB,
Expression Assays from
Applied Biosystems
)
About This Section
| D2HGDH expression in normal and diseased human tissues
Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays for D2HGDH
1 / 2 / 3 3 probe-sets matching D2HGDH gene Data from
(Publications) and GNF BioGPS About these images About these images
CGAP SAGE TAG: AATGTCCAGT
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene clusters: Hs.516813 Hs.535639
|
Orthologs for D2HGDH
(Orthologs according to
1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version),
3euGenes,
4SGD
and/or
5MGI Jun 06 2009,
with possible further links to
Flybase
and/or
WormBase,
Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section
|
Orthologs for D2HGDH gene from 2 species
| Organism |
Gene |
Locus |
Description |
Human Similarity |
NCBI accessions |
mouse (Mus musculus) |
D2hgdh5 |
1 |
D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase |
-- |
CD544497
|
baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) |
DLD2(YDL178W)4 |
4(139523-141115) |
D-lactate dehydrogenase, located in the mitochondrial more |
-- |
851376 NP_010103.1 |
About this table Species with no ortholog for D2HGDH
ENSEMBL Gene Tree for D2HGDH | Paralogs for D2HGDH(Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene and 2Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to 3Pseudogene.org) About This Section
| Paralogs for D2HGDH gene
- LOC2570541 LDHD2 ENSG000002156922 AGPS2
|
SNPs/Variants for D2HGDH(According to the
1NCBI SNP Database,
2Ensembl,
3PupaSUITE, and
UniProtKB,
Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap,
Genotyping Reagents from
Applied Biosystems)
About This Section
| -- |
Disorders & Mutations for D2HGDH
(in which this Gene is Involved, According to
OMIM, UniProtKB,
PharmGKB,
Genatlas, GeneTests,
Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT,
HGMD, GAD,
HuGE Navigator,
BCGD,
and/or TGDB.)
About This Section
|
OMIM: 609186 disorders: 600721 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: D2HDH_HUMAN, Q8N465
Defects in D2HGDH are the cause of D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (D2HGA) [MIM:600721]. D2HGA is a rare recessive neurometabolic disorder causing developmental delay, epilepsy, hypotonia, and dysmorphic features. Both a mild and a severe phenotype exist. The severe phenotype is homogeneous and is characterized by early infantile-onset epileptic encephalopathy and cardiomyopathy. The mild phenotype has a more variable clinical presentation. Diagnosis is based on the presence of an excess of D-2-hydroxyglutaric acid in the urineHuman Gene Mutation Database: D2HGDH
|
Medical News for D2HGDH(Possibly Related Articles in
Doctor's Guide)
About This Section
| -- |
Publications for D2HGDH (in
PubMed.
Associations of this gene to articles via
1Novoseek,
2HGNC,
3Entrez Gene,
4UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
5UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
6GAD, and/or
7PharmGKB)
About This Section
| 10/14 PubMed articles for D2HGDH gene (see all 14
):- Mutations in the D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase gene cause D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. (PubMed id 15609246)2, 3, 4 Struys E.A....Jakobs C. (2005)
- Identification of a dehydrogenase acting on D-2-hydroxyglutarate. (PubMed id 15070399)2, 3, 4 Achouri Y....van Schaftingen E. (2004)
- D-2-Hydroxyglutaric aciduria in three patients with proven SSADH deficiency: genetic coincidence or a related biochemical epiphenomenon? (PubMed id 16442322)3, 4 Struys E.A....Jakobs C. (2006)
- Phenotypic heterogeneity in the presentation of D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria in monozygotic twins. (PubMed id 16081310)3, 4 Misra V.K.... Innis J.W. (2005)
- Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. (PubMed id 15815621)3, 4 Hillier L.W....Wilson R.K. (2005)
- Mutations in phenotypically mild D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. (PubMed id 16037974)3, 4 Struys E.A.... Jakobs C. (2005)
- The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)3, 4 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
- Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry. (PubMed id 17353931)3 Ewing R.M....Figeys D. (2007)
- Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. (PubMed id 16344560)3 Kimura K.... Sugano S. (2006)
- Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)3 Ota T....Sugano S. (2004)
|
Search for D2HGDH
(in PubMed,
OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf) About This Section
|
|
Genome Databases showing D2HGDH
(According to
Entrez Gene,
HGNC,
AceView,
euGenes,
Ensembl,
miRBase,
ECgene,
and/or
H-InvDB)
About This Section
|
| Other Databases showing D2HGDH
(According to HUGE)
About This Section
| -- |
Specialized Databases showing D2HGDH(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL, Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) About This Section
|
| Name | Description |
| GeneReviews | http://www.genetests.org/query?gene=D2HGDH |
|
| | | About This Section
| --
| Services for D2HGDH(Reagents available from Applied Biosystems, Antibodies and assays by Cell
Signaling Technology, Abcam, Novus Biologicals, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Millipore, Abnova, and/or Invitrogen, Clones available from OriGene,and/or Invitrogen, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Tocris Bioscience) About This Section
| 
 Products for D2HGDH:

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