Aliases for CXCL1 Gene
Aliases for CXCL1 Gene
- C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1 2 3
- Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Ligand 1 (Melanoma Growth Stimulating Activity, Alpha) 2 3 5
- GRO1 Oncogene (Melanoma Growth Stimulating Activity, Alpha) 2 3
- Neutrophil-Activating Protein 3 3 4
- Fibroblast Secretory Protein 2 3
- C-X-C Motif Chemokine 1 3 4
- GRO-Alpha(1-73) 3 4
- NAP-3 3 4
- SCYB1 3 4
- GROa 3 4
- GRO1 3 4
- MGSA 3 4
External Ids for CXCL1 Gene
- HGNC: 4602
- Entrez Gene: 2919
- Ensembl: ENSG00000163739
- OMIM: 155730
- UniProtKB: P09341
Previous HGNC Symbols for CXCL1 Gene
- MGSA
- GRO1
- FSP
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for CXCL1 Gene
- GC04P074724
- GC04P074974
- GC04P075135
- GC04P075201
- GC04P075100
- GC04P070546
Summaries for CXCL1 Gene
-
This antimicrobial gene encodes a member of the CXC subfamily of chemokines. The encoded protein is a secreted growth factor that signals through the G-protein coupled receptor, CXC receptor 2. This protein plays a role in inflammation and as a chemoattractant for neutrophils. Aberrant expression of this protein is associated with the growth and progression of certain tumors. A naturally occurring processed form of this protein has increased chemotactic activity. Alternate splicing results in coding and non-coding variants of this gene. A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome 4. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]
GeneCards Summary for CXCL1 Gene
CXCL1 (C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CXCL1 include Rheumatoid Arthritis and Gastritis. Among its related pathways are Peptide ligand-binding receptors and TNF signaling pathway. GO annotations related to this gene include receptor binding and chemokine activity. An important paralog of this gene is PF4.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for CXCL1 Gene
-
Has chemotactic activity for neutrophils. May play a role in inflammation and exerts its effects on endothelial cells in an autocrine fashion. In vitro, the processed forms GRO-alpha(4-73), GRO-alpha(5-73) and GRO-alpha(6-73) show a 30-fold higher chemotactic activity.
No data available for Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for CXCL1 Gene
Genomics for CXCL1 Gene
Regulatory Elements for CXCL1 Gene
Enhancers for CXCL1 Gene
| GeneHancer Identifier | Score | Enhancer Sources | TSS distance (kb) | Number of Genes Away | Size (kb) | Transcription Factor Binding Sites within enhancer | Other Gene Targets for Enhancer |
|---|
Enhancers around CXCL1 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
Promoters for CXCL1 Gene
| Ensembl Regulatory Elements (ENSRs) | TSS Distance (bp) | Size (bp) | Binding Sites for Transcription Factors within promoters |
|---|
ENSRs around CXCL1 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the CXCL1 gene promoter:
Regulatory Element Products
Genomic Location for CXCL1 Gene
- Chromosome:
- 4
- Start:
- 73,869,392 bp from pter
- End:
- 73,871,302 bp from pter
- Size:
- 1,911 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
Genomic View for CXCL1 Gene
Genes around CXCL1 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 4q13.3 by Ensembl
- 4q21 by Entrez Gene
- 4q13.3 by HGNC
CXCL1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for CXCL1 Gene
Proteins for CXCL1 Gene
-
Protein details for CXCL1 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- P09341-GROA_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Growth-regulated alpha protein
- Protein Accession:
- P09341
- Q9UCR7
Protein attributes for CXCL1 Gene
- Size:
- 107 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 11301 Da
- Quaternary structure:
- No Data Available
Protein Expression for CXCL1 Gene
Post-translational modifications for CXCL1 Gene
- N-terminal processed forms GRO-alpha(4-73), GRO-alpha(5-73) and GRO-alpha(6-73) are produced by proteolytic cleavage after secretion from peripheral blood monocytes.
- Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
- Modification sites at neXtProt
Other Protein References for CXCL1 Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- R&D Systems Antibodies for CXCL1 (CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1)
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for CXCL1
- Abcam antibodies for GRO alpha
-
Cloud-Clone Corp. Antibodies for CXCL1
- Invitrogen Antibodies for CXCL1
- GeneTex CXCL1 antibody for CXCL1
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for CXCL1
Protein Products
- R&D Systems Proteins and Enzymes for CXCL1 (CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1)
- Enzo Life Sciences proteins for CXCL1
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for CXCL1
- Origene Custom Protein Services for CXCL1
- Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins for CXCL1
- Browse Sino Biological Cell Lysates
- ProSpec Recombinant Proteins for CXCL1
-
Cloud-Clone Corp. Proteins for CXCL1
- eBioscience Human CXCL1 (GRO alpha) Recombinant Protein Carrier-Free (To Be Discontinued) 100 ug for CXCL1
- GeneTex GRO alpha protein (GTX29806) for CXCL1
- GeneTex MGSA Recombinant Protein (Active) (GTX48439-PRO) for CXCL1
- GeneTex GRO/MGSA recombinant protein (GTX65108) for CXCL1
- Abcam proteins for GRO alpha
Assay Products
- R&D Systems ELISAs, Luminex Assays, Proteome Profiler Antibody Arrays, and other biochemical assays for CXCL1 (CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1)
- Enzo Life Sciences assays for CXCL1
- antibodies-online Kits for CXCL1: See all 11
- Abcam assays for GRO alpha
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for CXCL1 Gene
Domains & Families for CXCL1 Gene
Gene Families for CXCL1 Gene
Protein Domains for CXCL1 Gene
- InterPro:
- Blocks:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for CXCL1 Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
P09341- Family:
-
- Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family.
Function for CXCL1 Gene
Molecular function for CXCL1 Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Has chemotactic activity for neutrophils. May play a role in inflammation and exerts its effects on endothelial cells in an autocrine fashion. In vitro, the processed forms GRO-alpha(4-73), GRO-alpha(5-73) and GRO-alpha(6-73) show a 30-fold higher chemotactic activity.
Phenotypes for CXCL1 Gene
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for CXCL1:
-
- Increased vaccinia virus (VACV) infection
- Lamellipodia cells
- Decreased viability in esophageal squamous lineage
- Decreased ionizing radiation sensitivity
- Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)
- Decreased shRNA abundance (Z-score < -2)
- Decreased viability after Maraba virus infection
- Decreased focal adhesion (FA) area, decreased FA length, decreased FA mean intensity, increased number of small and round FAs, increased FA abundance
- Decreased cell number
Animal Model Products
-
Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for CXCL1
-
ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for CXCL1 gene
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for CXCL1 gene
- Search ViGene Biosciences for CXCL1
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for CXCL1
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for CXCL1
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for CXCL1
miRNA for CXCL1 Gene
- miRTarBase miRNAs that target CXCL1
miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for CXCL1
Clone Products
- OriGene clones in human for CXCL1
- OriGene ORF clones in human,mouse,rat for CXCL1
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for CXCL1
- Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat
Cell Line Products
-
ViGene Biosciences adenoviral particle packaged cDNA for CXCL1 gene
-
ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for CXCL1 gene
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for CXCL1 gene
Flow Cytometry Products
No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function , Human Phenotype Ontology , Animal Models , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for CXCL1 Gene
Localization for CXCL1 Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for CXCL1 Gene
- Secreted.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| extracellular | 5 |
| cytosol | 2 |
| nucleus | 2 |
| plasma membrane | 2 |
| cytoskeleton | 1 |
| mitochondrion | 1 |
No data available for Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for CXCL1 Gene
Pathways & Interactions for CXCL1 Gene
More details on SuperPathways for CXCL1| Superpath | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | PEDF Induced Signaling |
.61
.47
|
|
| 2 | Peptide ligand-binding receptors | ||
| 3 | ERK Signaling |
.61
|
|
| 4 | Signaling by GPCR | ||
| 5 | Chemokine Signaling |
Pathways by source for CXCL1 Gene
4 BioSystems pathways for CXCL1 Gene
8 Reactome pathways for CXCL1 Gene
2 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) pathways for CXCL1 Gene
1 R&D Systems pathway for CXCL1 Gene
17 Qiagen pathways for CXCL1 Gene
Interacting Proteins for CXCL1 Gene
SIGNOR curated interactions for CXCL1 Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0006935 | chemotaxis | TAS | 10820279 |
| GO:0006955 | immune response | IEA,IBA | -- |
| GO:0007186 | G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway | TAS | 10820279 |
| GO:0008283 | cell proliferation | TAS | 8380167 |
| GO:0008285 | negative regulation of cell proliferation | TAS | 9551928 |
Transcripts for CXCL1 Gene
mRNA/cDNA for CXCL1 Gene
- (1) REFSEQ mRNAs :
- (5) Additional mRNA sequences :
- (94) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
- (2) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :
Unigene Clusters for CXCL1 Gene
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for CXCL1
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for CXCL1
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for CXCL1
miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for CXCL1
Clone Products
- OriGene clones in human for CXCL1
- OriGene ORF clones in human,mouse,rat for CXCL1
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for CXCL1
- Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat
Flow Cytometry Products
Expression for CXCL1 Gene
mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells
- Bone (Muscoskeletal System)
- Placenta (Extraembryonic Tissues)
- Endothelium (Cardiovascular System)
-
Blood (Hematopoietic System)
- Granulocytes Peripheral Blood
- Amnion (Extraembryonic Tissues)
-
Smooth Muscle (Muscoskeletal System)
-
Lung (Respiratory System)
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for CXCL1 Gene
This gene is overexpressed in Spleen (x12.2).
This gene is overexpressed in Amniocyte (60.6) and Islet of Langerhans (8.4).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, PaxDb, and MOPED for CXCL1 Gene
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for CXCL1 Gene Hs.789
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for CXCL1
No data available for mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for CXCL1 Gene
Orthologs for CXCL1 Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | CXCL1 35 |
|
||
| CXCL1 36 |
|
OneToOne | |||
| cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | -- 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |
| CXCL3 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| GRO1 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | -- 36 |
|
OneToMany | |
| mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Cxcl1 36 |
|
OneToMany | |
| platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | -- 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |
| -- 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| -- 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | -- 36 |
|
OneToMany | |
| lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | -- 36 |
|
OneToMany |
- Species with no ortholog for CXCL1:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- corn (Zea mays)
- dog (Canis familiaris)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
- green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
- malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- pig (Sus scrofa)
- rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- rat (Rattus norvegicus)
- rice (Oryza sativa)
- rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- sea squirt (Ciona intestinalis)
- sea squirt (Ciona savignyi)
- sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- soybean (Glycine max)
- stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis)
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
- zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Paralogs for CXCL1 Gene
(13) SIMAP similar genes for CXCL1 Gene using alignment to 1 proteins:
Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for CXCL1 Gene
Variants for CXCL1 Gene
| SNP ID | Clin | Chr 04 pos | Sequence Context | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs4074 | -- | 73,870,427(+) | TCGGA(A/G)AACTC | intron-variant | |
| rs930113 | -- | 73,870,184(+) | CCTGG(A/C)GTCCC | intron-variant | |
| rs1814092 | -- | 73,870,518(+) | CATTG(C/T)AGTGA | intron-variant | |
| rs1957068 | -- | 73,871,188(+) | AGGGG(C/T)TTAAT | nc-transcript-variant, utr-variant-3-prime | |
| rs2071425 | -- | 73,869,527(+) | GTGGC(A/G)CTGCT | nc-transcript-variant, reference, synonymous-codon |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
59.9% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
0.98;
20.15% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Relevant External Links for CXCL1 Gene
Disorders for CXCL1 Gene
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| rheumatoid arthritis |
|
|
| gastritis |
|
|
| meningitis |
|
|
| asthma |
|
|
| pneumonia |
|
Search CXCL1 in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
Relevant External Links for CXCL1
No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for CXCL1 Gene
Publications for CXCL1 Gene
- Association study of the chemokine, CXC motif, ligand 1 (CXCL1) gene with sporadic Alzheimer's disease in a Japanese population. (PMID: 15843053) Tamura Y. … Hohjoh H. (Neurosci. Lett. 2005) 3 23 48 67
- Identification of three related human GRO genes encoding cytokine functions. (PMID: 2217207) Haskill S. … Sager R. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1990) 2 3 23
- IL-17 regulates CXCL1 mRNA stability via an AUUUA/tristetraprolin-independent sequence. (PMID: 20042592) Datta S. … Hamilton T. (J. Immunol. 2010) 3 23
- Vascular endothelial growth factor induces protein kinase D-dependent production of proinflammatory cytokines in endothelial cells. (PMID: 19176759) Hao Q. … Tang H. (Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol. 2009) 3 23
- LPS induces GROalpha chemokine production via NF-kappaB in oral fibroblasts. (PMID: 19430878) JAPnsson D. … Nilsson B.O. (Inflamm. Res. 2009) 3 23
Products for CXCL1 Gene
- R&D Systems Antibodies for CXCL1 (CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1)
- R&D Systems Proteins and Enzymes for CXCL1 (CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1)
- R&D Systems ELISAs, Luminex Assays, Proteome Profiler Antibody Arrays, and other biochemical assays for CXCL1 (CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1)
- Browse Primary Antibodies
- Browse Proteins and Enzymes
- Browse ELISAs
- Browse Activity Assays
- Browse cDNA Clones
- Browse Cell Culture Products
- Browse Cell Selection and Detection Kits
- Browse DNA Damage and Repair Kits
- Browse ELISpot/FluoroSpot Kits and Development Modules
- Browse Flow Cytometry Kits
- Browse Immunoprecipitation Assays
- Browse Luminex Assays
- Browse Peptides
- Browse Proteome Profiler Antibody Arrays
- Browse Small Molecules
- Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for CXCL1
- Custom Assay Services
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for CXCL1
- Origene Custom Protein Services for CXCL1
- Origene siRNA, shRNA, mouse_rna, rat_shrna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for CXCL1
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For CXCL1
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs for CXCL1
- OriGene CRISPR knockouts for CXCL1
- OriGene clones in human for CXCL1
- OriGene ORF clones in human,mouse,rat for CXCL1
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- GenScript: Next-day shipping cDNA clones in your preferred vector
- GenScript Purified and Recombinant Proteins for CXCL1
- GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for CXCL1
- GenScript Custom Assay Services for CXCL1
- GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for CXCL1
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for CXCL1
- Design optimal peptide antigens
- CloneReady with Over 120,000 Genes
- Gene Synthesis: Any Gene in Any Vector
- Vector-based siRNA and miRNA, Ready for Transfection
- Gene Mutant Library, Variants up to 10^11
- Plasmid Preparation
- GenScript Custom Peptide Services for CXCL1
- Enzo Life Sciences proteins for CXCL1
- Enzo Life Sciences assays for CXCL1
- Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences
- Search Enzo Life Sciences for proteins, assays, substrates, inhibitors & antibodies
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for CXCL1
- Novus Biologicals proteins and lysates for CXCL1
- Novus Biologicals
- Novus Biologicals Tissue Microarrays
- Abcam antibodies for GRO alpha
- Abcam proteins for GRO alpha
- Abcam assays for GRO alpha
- Find your target
- Search knockout validated antibodies
- Browse monoclonal antibodies
- ProSpec Recombinant Proteins for CXCL1
- Cloud-Clone Corp. Antibodies for CXCL1
- Cloud-Clone Corp. Proteins for CXCL1
- Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for CXCL1
- Find your next knockout model in the Taconic Knockout Repository
- Genetically Engineered Models Available Immediately
- Humanized Mice
- GeneTex CXCL1 antibody for CXCL1
- GeneTex GRO alpha protein (GTX29806) for CXCL1
- GeneTex MGSA Recombinant Protein (Active) (GTX48439-PRO) for CXCL1
- GeneTex GRO/MGSA recombinant protein (GTX65108) for CXCL1
- ViGene Biosciences adenoviral particle packaged cDNA for CXCL1 gene
- ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for CXCL1 gene
- ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for CXCL1 gene
- ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for CXCL1 gene
- ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for CXCL1 gene
- ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for CXCL1 gene
- Search ViGene Biosciences for CXCL1
- Search ViGene Biosciences for CXCL1
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for CXCL1
- Search Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) for CXCL1 siRNA/shRNA
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for CXCL1
Sources for CXCL1 Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) EntrezGene
- (4) Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) GO
- (12) TrEMBL
- (13) InterPro
- (14) ProtoNet
- (15) Blocks
- (16) MGI
- (17) IUBMB
- (18) KEGG
- (19) MINT
- (20) STRING
- (21) I2D
- (22) IntAct
- (23) Novoseek
- (24) PharmGKB
- (25) DrugBank
- (26) HMDB
- (27) UniGene
- (28) AceView
- (29) RNAdb
- (30) ASD
- (31) ECgene
- (32) GeneAnnot
- (33) SAGE
- (34) SOURCE
- (35) HomoloGene
- (36) PanEnsembl
- (37) euGenes
- (38) SGD
- (39) FlyBase
- (40) WormBase
- (41) Pseudogene
- (42) DGV
- (43) dbSNP
- (44) HapMap
- (45) GenAtlas
- (46) GeneTests
- (47) HGMD
- (48) GAD
- (49) LSDB
- (50) BGMUT
- (51) HuGE
- (52) eBioscience
- (53) Atlas
- (54) Cell Signaling Technology
- (55) GenBank
- (56) H-invDB
- (57) HORDE
- (58) HUGE
- (59) IMGT
- (60) Leiden
- (61) MILLIPORE
- (62) miRBase
- (63) DME
- (64) Nature
- (65) NCBI
- (66) OriGene
- (67) PubMed
- (68) R&D Systems
- (69) Salk
- (70) TGDB
- (71) Tufts
- (72) YEDA
- (73) CROW21
- (74) Tocris
- (75) Abcam
- (76) Novus
- (77) ProSpec
- (78) Sino Biological
- (79) GenScript
- (80) Qiagen
- (81) Cloud-Clone Corp.
- (82) Enzo Life Sciences
- (83) OCA
- (84) Proteopedia
- (85) MOPED
- (86) SPIRE
- (87) neXtProt
- (88) Reactome
- (89) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (90) fRNAdb
- (91) DISEASES
- (92) SIMAP
- (93) GenomeRNAi
- (94) LifeMap
- (95) miRTarBase
- (96) MalaCards
- (97) Invitrogen
- (98) BitterDB
- (99) Vector BioLabs
- (100) ESI-BIO
- (101) RefSeq
- (102) BioSystems
- (103) MaxQB
- (104) IUPHAR
- (105) BioGPS
- (106) Illumina
- (107) COMPARTMENTS
- (108) HOMER
- (109) PaxDb
- (110) ApexBio
- (111) Addgene
- (112) Advanced Cell Diagnostics
- (113) antibodies-online
- (114) CYP
- (115) NONCODE
- (116) SwitchGear Genomics
- (117) TreeFam
- (118) PathCards
- (119) GeneReviews
- (120) GeneTex
- (121) Taconic Biosciences
- (122) GTEx
- (123) ProteomicsDB
- (124) SCBT
- (125) DGIdb
- (126) ClinicalTrials
- (127) FDA Approved Drugs
- (128) RVIS
- (129) SIGNOR
- (130) diseasecard
- (131) NIH Rare Diseases
- (132) Orphanet
- (133) UMLS
- (134) GTR
- (135) Disease Ontology
- (136) Genetics Home Reference
- (137) MeSH
- (138) MedlinePlus
- (139) CDC
- (140) NINDS
- (141) NCBI Bookshelf
- (142) ClinVar
- (143) Gene Damage Index
- (144) ViGene Biosciences
- (145) HPO
- (146) UDN
- (147) VISTA
- (148) FANTOM5
- (149) ENCODE
- (150) ProSci
- (151) Horizon