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CTLA4 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 65

GC02P204440

cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4
(Previous name: celiac disease 3 )
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database
(Previous symbol: CELIAC3)

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc , and/or ⁷Ensembl, ⁸miRBase)
About This Section

Aliases
CD ^¹, ²
CD152 ^¹, ², ³
CD28 ^¹
CELIAC3 ^², ⁵
CTLA-4 ^², ³
GSE ^¹, ²
ICOS ^¹, ²
IDDM12 ^², ⁵
OTTHUMP00000163781 ^²

Descriptions
CD152 antigen ^³
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 ^², ³
celiac disease 3 ^¹, ²
cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 ^²
cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase-4 ^²
ligand and transmembrane spliced cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4 ^²

External Ids
HGNC: 2505¹
Entrez Gene: 1493²
UniProtKB: P16410³
Ensembl: ENSG00000163599⁷

Search outside databases for aliases for CTLA4 gene

Previous GC identifers: GC02P202949 GC02P203457 GC02P204696 GC02P204935 GC02P204558

(According to Entrez Gene, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

EntrezGene summary for CTLA4:

This gene is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and encodes a protein which transmits an

inhibitory signal to T cells. The protein contains a V domain, a transmembrane domain, and a

cytoplasmic tail. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have

been characterized. The membrane-bound isoform functions as a homodimer interconnected by a

disulfide bond, while the soluble isoform functions as a monomer. Mutations in this gene have been

associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Graves disease, Hashimoto thyroiditis, celiac

disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, thyroid-associated orbitopathy, and other autoimmune

diseases. [provided by RefSeq]

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CTLA4_HUMAN, P16410

Function: Possibly involved in T-cell activation. Binds to B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86)

Gene Wiki entry for CTLA4 (CTLA-4)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 36),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC and Ensembl, Transcription factor binding sites according to SABiosciences)
About This Section

Genomic View:

UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Transcription factor binding sites upstream to the CTLA4 gene

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 2q33 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 2q33.2 HGNC cytogenetic band: 2q33

CTLA4 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 2 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC02P204440: (about GC identifiers)

Start:	204,440,754 bp from pter
End:	204,446,928 bp from pter
Size:	6,175 bases
Orientation:	plus strand

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000002.10 NT_005403.16

(According to ¹UniProtKB, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to ²Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Enzo Life Sciences, Abnova, OriGene and/or, Abcam,
Biochemical Assays by Invitrogen, Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, and/or Enzo Life Sciences, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Abnova, and/or Novus Biologicals)
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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CTLA4_HUMAN, P16410 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4 precursor

Size: 223 amino acids; 24656 Da

Subcellular location: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein

PDB structures from and Proteopedia :

1AH1 (3D)

1H6E (3D)

1I85 (3D)

1I8L (3D)

3BX7 (3D)

Secondary accessions: Q53TD5 Q8WXJ1 Q96P43 Q9UKN9

Post-translational modifications:

View phosphorylation sites using PhosphoSite²

REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts):

NP_001032720.1 NP_005205.2

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000303939 ENSP00000295854 ENSP00000363594

Human Recombinant Proteins

	Invitrogen human recombinant proteins for CTLA4
	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at Millipore
	Browse Human Recombinant Proteins at Sigma-Aldrich
	R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for CTLA4 (CTLA-4)
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	Recombinant Proteins from Abcam (CTLA4)
	Human Recombinant Proteins from Abnova (CTLA4)

Browse Origene for full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells

5/6 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component terms (links to tree view) (see all 6 ):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005794	Golgi apparatus	IDA	15814706
GO:0005887	integral to plasma membrane	TAS	3220103
GO:0009897	external side of plasma membrane	IDA	18641304
GO:0016020	membrane	IEA	--
GO:0045334	clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle	IDA	15814706

About this table

Antibodies for CTLA4:

	Browse Antibodies Central at Invitrogen
	Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of CTLA4
	Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for CTLA4
	R&D Systems Antibodies for CTLA4 (CTLA-4)
	Antibodies from Abcam (CTLA4), each with their Abpromise^SM
	Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies from Abnova (CTLA4)
	Novus Biologicals Antibodies for CTLA4

Assays for CTLA4:

	Invitrogen Assays for CTLA4
	Browse Kits and Assays available from Millipore
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	Browse biochemical assays available from Enzo Life Sciences

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P16410

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P16410

3 Blocks protein families:

IPB003596 Immunoglobulin V-type

IPB003599 Immunoglobulin subtype

IPB008096 Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 signature

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CTLA4_HUMAN, P16410

Similarity: Contains 1 Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain

(According to MGI Jun 06 2009, UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas,
shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Sigma-Aldrich,
RNAi Products, Clones, and Q-PCR Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, OriGene, and/or Abnova, siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, SYBR primers from OriGene, Cell-based Assays from Millipore, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (CTLA4)
		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (CTLA4)

OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vectors (see all 2): NM_001037631

Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs for CTLA4

Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for CTLA4

Sigma-Aldrich shRNA Panels and shRNA for CTLA4

Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs

Clones:		Browse Clone Ranger at Invitrogen for clones
		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore

OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): NM_001037631
Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): NM_001037631
untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): NM_001037631

Primers:

Browse Quantitative PCR Central at Invitrogen for Q-PCR LUX™ Primers

OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: NM_005214

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CTLA4_HUMAN, P16410

Function: Possibly involved in T-cell activation. Binds to B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86)

Genatlas biochemistry entry for CTLA4:

cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated granule serine protease 4,B7 costimulatory protein receptor for

CD80,CD86,negative regulatory T cell presenting costimulatory molecule,member of the

immunoglobulin superfamily,with an association of the exon 3 microsatellite,106bp allele with

autoimmune disorders (conferring susceptibility to Graves disease and to thyroid associated

orbitopathy but not to systemic lupus erythematosus),susceptibility gene for the celiac disease

and for multiple sclerosis

11 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 5 alleles) (MGI details for Ctla4):

	digestive/alimentary	endocrine/exocrine gland	hematopoietic system	homeostasis/metabolism
immune system	life span-post-weaning/aging	liver/biliary system	normal	respiratory system
skeleton

(Pathways according to Invitrogen (maps by GeneGo), Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, and/or ³STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
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3 Sigma-Aldrich "Your Favorite Gene" Pathways for CTLA4 (Your Favorite Gene powered by Ingenuity)

T Cell Receptor Signaling
CTLA4 Signaling in Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes
CD28 Signaling in T Helper Cells

GeneDecks CTLA4 for the pathways selected above

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Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for CTLA4

5/83 Interacting proteins for CTLA4 (ENSP00000303939³) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING (see all 83 )

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
CD80	ENSP00000264246³	STRING (score=.999)
CD86	ENSP00000332049³	STRING (score=.999)
AP2M1	ENSP00000292807³	STRING (score=.996)
FOXP3	ENSP00000365369³	STRING (score=.994)
IL10	ENSP00000356066³	STRING (score=.993)

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2 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0006955	immune response	TAS	3220103
GO:0045590	negative regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation	IDA	18641304

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(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
About This Section

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Small Molecules at Sigma-Aldrich

Browse Tocris compounds for CTLA4
10/29 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for CTLA4 gene (see all 29 )

Compound	Score	Articles	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
mh-30	81.98	3	15841095 (1), 15316504 (1)
ctla4-ig	75.87	17	8228824 (2), 17924973 (2), 7678111 (1), 7504299 (1) (see all 13)
indoleamine	48.86	4	17981708 (1), 17715231 (1), 18816483 (1), 16493086 (1)
il 10	41.95	7	15607008 (2), 15708894 (1), 18261221 (1), 18337305 (1) (see all 5)
ionomycin	40.29	12	12444128 (3), 10600000 (2), 10777098 (1), 9857283 (1)
tyrosine	23.30	57	9712716 (6), 9973379 (4), 10604992 (3), 10842319 (3) (see all 27)
con a	21.52	5	8574169 (1), 12225905 (1)
iodine	21.46	1	18178059 (1)
tgf beta1	17.47	5	19269255 (4), 16872485 (1)
allergens	15.76	3	16701141 (1), 15316504 (1), 10844549 (1)

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(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 219 Homo sapiens; Jun 2 2009) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView,
non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, and/or Abnova,
siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (CTLA4)
		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (CTLA4)

OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vectors (see all 2): NM_001037631

Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for CTLA4

Sigma-Aldrich shRNA Panels and shRNA for CTLA4

Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs

Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs:

NM_001037631 NM_005214

REFSEQ mRNAs for CTLA4 gene (2 alternative transcripts):

NM_001037631.1 NM_005214.3

Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays:

NM_001037631 NM_005214

               OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): NM_001037631
                                 Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): NM_001037631
                                 untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): NM_001037631

Additional cDNA sequence:

AF414120.1 AF486806.1 AJ298052.1 AK313732.1 AY209009.1 AY792514.1 AY999702.1 BC069566.1

BC070162.1 BC074842.2 BC074893.2 DQ785106.1 L15006.1 U90273.1

5 DOTS entries:

DT.40126443 DT.91756479 DT.95146339 DT.95133126 DT.99980295

22 AceView cDNA sequences:

BG236211 AW207094 AF414120 BC074893 U90273 NM_005214 BC074842 BG058720

AW515943 AI819438 AF486806 BC070162 AY209009 BM997840 BV183431 L15006

CD639535 BC069566 BE837454 BG536887 AA210929 AI860199

highest scoring ESTs for CTLA4:

AI733018 AA873138 AI819438 AI860199 AW207094 AW515943 AY209009 BC069566 BC070162 BG058720

Unigene Cluster for CTLA4:

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4

Hs.247824 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: AF414120

GeneLoc Exon Structure

3 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations:

ENST00000302823 ENST00000295854 ENST00000374470

(Experimental results according to ¹GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to ²GeneAnnot , ³GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 219 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems )
About This Section

CTLA4 expression in normal and diseased human tissues

Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays for CTLA4

¹ / ² / ³

9 probe-sets matching CTLA4 gene

Affymetrix probe-set	Array	# genes	Sensitivity	Specificity	Correlation	Length	Gb_Accession	Consensus	Uniqueness	Score	Rank
Affymetrix probe-set	Array	GeneAnnot data			GeneNote data		GeneTide data
81915_at²^{, 3}	U95-E	1	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	AI733018	1.00	1.00	1.00	1
221331_x_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	NM_005214	0.40	1.00	0.76	1
236341_at²^{, 3}	U133-B	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	AI733018	1.00	1.00	1.00	1
234362_s_at²^{, 3}	U133-B	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	U90273	0.60	1.00	0.82	1
231794_at²^{, 3}	U133-B	1	0.91	1.00	--	--	BG536887	0.40	1.00	0.76	1
221331_x_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
236341_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
234362_s_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
231794_at²	U133Plus2	1	0.91	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--

GeneDecks CTLA4 for binary patterns associated with the probe-sets selected above

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Data from

(Publications) and GNF BioGPS
About these images
About these images

CGAP SAGE TAG: TATAATATTT

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.247824
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CTLA4_HUMAN, P16410
Tissue specificity: Widely expressed with highest levels in lymphoid tissues

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD and/or ⁵MGI Jun 06 2009, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section

Orthologs for CTLA4 gene from 5/6 species (see all 6 )

Organism	Gene	Locus	Description	Human Similarity	NCBI accessions
dog (Canis familiaris)	CTLA4¹	--	cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4	88.19(n) 87.44(a)	403696 NM_001003106.1 NP_001003106.1
chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)	CTLA4¹	--	cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4	99.7(n) 100(a)	470619 XM_526000.2 XP_526000.1
cow (Bos taurus)	CTLA4¹	--	cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4	85.52(n) 85.07(a)	281732 NM_174297.1 NP_776722.1
rat (Rattus norvegicus)	Ctla4¹	--	cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4	80.87(n) 75.78(a)	63835 NM_031674.1 NP_113862.1
mouse (Mus musculus)	Ctla4^{1, 5}	1 (30.10 cM)⁵	cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4^{1, 5}	79.97(n)¹ 74.89(a)¹	12477¹ NM_009843.3¹ NP_033973.2¹ AB097214⁵ AF142145⁵ (see all 13)

About this table Species with no ortholog for CTLA4

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for CTLA4

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene
and ²Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to ³Pseudogene.org)
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Paralogs for CTLA4 gene

CD28²

(According to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Genotyping Reagents from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

10/61 NCBI SNPs in CTLA4 are shown (see all 61 )
(Click for Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Genotyping Assay) (see all 62)

AB	SNP ID	Valid	Chr 2 pos	Sequence	Recs	AA Chg	Type	More	Recs	Pop	Total sample	More
AB	Genomic Data				Transcription Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--			--
	rs231775^1,2	A,C,F,H,O	204440959(+)	`TGGCTG/ACCAGG`	2	A/T	mis¹ ese³		20	EA NA MN CSAM EU WA	3735
	rs231774^1,2	A,C,F,H,O	204440468(+)	`TGGAGA/TTGTCA`	2	--	ng5¹ tfbs³		16	NA MN CSAM EA EU WA	1378
	rs231773^1,2	C,F,H,O	204439917(+)	`CCCATA/GAATGT`	2	--	ng5¹ tfbs³		7	EU EA WA NA	562
--	rs4553808^1,2	A,C,F,H	204439250(+)	`TTTTTA/GAAAAA`	2	--	ng5¹		8	EU EA MN CSAM	650
	rs733618^1,2	A,C,F,H	204439189(-)	`gacagA/Gcagct`	2	--	ng5¹		9	EU EA WA MN CSAM	822
	rs3087243^1,2	C,F,H,O	204447164(+)	`ATAACA/GTGGGT`	2	--	ng3¹		15	NA EU EA WA MN CSAM	2153
	rs5742909^1,2	C,F,H	204440592(+)	`ATCCTC/TAAAGT`	2	--	ng5¹		17	NS NA MN CSAM EA EU WA	2862
	rs11571316^1,2	C,F,H	204439334(-)	`AGAAAC/TCTTCA`	2	--	ng5¹		7	NA EU EA WA	542
	rs231772^1,2	C,F,H	204439798(+)	`CTGTTG/ACAACT`	2	--	ng5¹		8	EU EA WA	836
	rs16840252^1,2	C,F,H	204439764(+)	`ATGGAC/TGGACT`	2	--	ng5¹		15	NA EU EA WA	1400

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HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for CTLA4 (up to first 250kb)

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, Novoseek, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, BCGD, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

OMIM: 123890 disorders: 275000 140300 601388 609755

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CTLA4_HUMAN, P16410

Genetic variation in CTLA4 influences susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

[MIM:152700]. SLE is a chronic, inflammatory and often febrile multisystemic disorder of

connective tissue. It affects principally the skin, joints, kidneys and serosal membranes. SLE is

thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system

Genetic variation in CTLA4 may be a cause of susceptibility to Graves disease (GRD)

[MIM:275000]. GRD is an autoimmune disorder causing overactivity of the thyroid gland and

hyperthyroidism

Genetic variation in CTLA4 is the cause of susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes

mellitus type 12 (IDDM12) [MIM:601388]

Genetic variation in CTLA4 is the cause of susceptibility to celiac disease type 3

(CELIAC3) [MIM:609755]. Celiac disease [MIM:212750] is a multifactorial disorder of the small

intestine that is influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. It is characterized by

malabsorption resulting from inflammatory injury to the mucosa of the small intestine after the

ingestion of wheat gluten or related rye and barley proteins. In its classic form, celiac disease

is characterized in children by malabsorption and failure to thrive

Genetic variations in CTLA4 are associated with susceptibility to hepatitis B virus

infection (HBV infection) [MIM:610424]. Approximately one third of all cases of cirrhosis and half

of all cases of hepatocellular carcinoma can be attributed to chronic HBV infection. HBV infection

may result in subclinical or asymptomatic infection, acute self-limited hepatitis, or fulminant

hepatitis requiring liver transplantation

10/92 Novoseek disease relationships for CTLA4 gene (see all 92 )

Disease	Score	Articles	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
autoimmune thyroid disease	83.59	55	9861324 (2), 12202150 (2), 17504905 (2), 14647199 (2) (see all 34)
autoimmune diseases	83.12	226	18613834 (3), 10215771 (3), 15649153 (3), 9861324 (2) (see all 99)
graves disease	81.87	110	15182328 (4), 10404810 (4), 9231050 (3), 8989248 (3) (see all 57)
autoimmunity	79.72	70	15790353 (3), 16046318 (2), 18498289 (2), 16026134 (2) (see all 50)
hashimotos thyroiditis	74.46	32	9398726 (4), 17020648 (3), 16611252 (2), 12225635 (2) (see all 14)
genetic susceptibility	69.86	48	11752507 (2), 8989248 (2), 16405845 (2), 10619986 (1) (see all 29)
metastatic melanoma	64.87	27	16283570 (2), 18528295 (2), 16615096 (2), 16490844 (2) (see all 18)
cancer regression	62.47	5	12826605 (2), 16283570 (1), 18528295 (1)
diabetes mellitus insulin-dependent	55.81	34	10619986 (3), 15961581 (2), 15237707 (2), 19136037 (2) (see all 17)
hepatitis autoimmune	53.48	15	10613727 (2), 18049163 (2), 15378793 (2), 10807521 (1) (see all 10)

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Human Gene Mutation Database: CTLA4
Genetic Association Database: CTLA4
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator: CTLA4 (355 documents)

(Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
About This Section

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Novoseek, ²HGNC, ³Entrez Gene, ⁴UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁵UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁶GAD, and/or ⁷PharmGKB)
About This Section

10/1093 PubMed articles for CTLA4 gene (see all 1093 ):

Evidence for CTLA4 as a susceptibility gene for systemic lupus erythematosus. (PubMed id 15138458)^{1, 3, 4, 6} Barreto M.... Vicente A.M. (2004)
CTLA-4 polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): a meta- analysis. (PubMed id 15688186)^{1, 3, 4, 6} Lee Y.H.... Nath S.K. (2005)
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with CTLA4 polymorphisms in multiple ethnic groups. (PubMed id 9259273)^{1, 3, 4, 6} Marron M.P.... She J.-X. (1997)
A common CTLA4 haplotype associated with coeliac disease. (PubMed id 15657618)^{3, 4, 6} Hunt K.A.... van Heel D.A. (2005)
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) gene polymorphism confers susceptibility to thyroid associated orbitopathy. (PubMed id 10475192)^{3, 4, 6} Vaidya B.... Pearce S.H.S. (1999)
CTLA-4 gene polymorphism is associated with predisposition to coeliac disease. (PubMed id 10189842)^{3, 4, 6} Djilali-Saiah I.... Caillat-Zucman S. (1998)
Human Ig superfamily CTLA-4 gene: chromosomal localization and identity of protein sequence between murine and human CTLA-4 cytoplasmic domains. (PubMed id 3220103)^{2, 3, 4} Dariavach P.... Lefranc M.-P. (1988)
CTLA4 is differentially associated with autoimmune diseases in the Dutch population. (PubMed id 16025348)^{1, 3, 6} Zhernakova A....Koeleman B.P. (2005)
Polymorphsims of CTLA-4 exon 1 +49, CTLA-4 promoter -318 and Fas promoter -670 in spondyloarthropathies. (PubMed id 11771526)^{1, 3, 6} Lee Y.H....Song G.G. (2001)
Gender-limited association of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) polymorphism with cord blood IgE levels. (PubMed id 15610363)^{1, 3, 6} Chang J.C....Yang K.D. (2004)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 1493	HGNC: 2505	AceView: CTLA4	Ensembl:ENSG00000163599	euGenes: HUgn1493
ECgene: CTLA4	H-InvDB: CTLA4

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CTLA-4

Licensable Technologies for CTLA4
(Available from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts)

About This Section

(Reagents available from Applied Biosystems, Antibodies and assays by Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Novus Biologicals,
Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Millipore, Abnova, and/or Invitrogen, Clones available from OriGene,and/or Invitrogen, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Tocris Bioscience)
About This Section

Products for CTLA4:

TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays

TaqMan ® Genotyping Assays

Free SNP selection tool

Invitrogen iPath Pathways	Invitrogen BLOCK-iT™ RNAi
Invitrogen Antibodies	Invitrogen Assays
Invitrogen Clones	Invitrogen Q-PCR Products
Invitrogen Human Recombinant Kinases	Invitrogen Custom Antibody and Peptide Service
Invitrogen Proteins / Assays / Screening Services	Search Invitrogen catalog for CTLA4-related products

	Millipore Custom Antibody & Bulk Services
	Millipore Preclinical / Clinical Development Services
	Millipore Immunoassay Services
	Millipore Target Screening & Profiling Services

	Predesigned and custom siRNAs for CTLA4		Antibodies for CTLA4
	Explore super-pooled esiRNAs		Browse proteins at Sigma-Aldrich
	Lentivirus-delivered shRNAs for CTLA4		Browse small molecules at Sigma-Aldrich
	"Your Favorite Gene" Pathways		feedback

	Antibodies		Primer Pairs
	Cell Culture Products		ELISAs
	Flow Cytometry Kits		Protease Activity Assays & Reagents
	Cell Selection/Detection Kits & Reagents		ELISA/Assay Development Kits & Reagents
	Multiplex/Array Assay Kits & Reagents		ELISpot Kits & Development Modules
	Recombinant & Natural Proteins

	Recombinant Proteins (CTLA4)
	Antibodies (CTLA4)
	Chimera RNAi (CTLA4)
	Custom Service for Mouse Mab
	Custom Service for Rabbit Pab from Full-length Protein

Search for Antibodies & Assays

	Recombinant Proteins (CTLA4)
	Antibodies (CTLA4)

Search OriGene for CTLA4

Search Tocris compounds for CTLA4

Search www.enzolifesicences.com for proteins, assays, substrates, inhibitors & antibodies

Antibodies for CTLA4

GeneCards Homepage - Last full update: 2 Jul 2009 Incremental update: 13 Oct 2009

Random Gene From GIFtS :

about GIFtS

Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Developed at the Crown Human Genome Center & Weizmann Institute of Science

The GeneCards Human Gene Database: Copyright © 1996-2009, Weizmann Institute of Science. All Rights Reserved.
CTLA4 Gene at Home site.
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CTLA4 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 65

Aliases &
Descriptions
for CTLA4

Summaries
for CTLA4

Genomic Location
for CTLA4

Proteins
for CTLA4

Protein Domains/
Families
for CTLA4

Gene Function
for CTLA4

Pathways & Interactions
for CTLA4

Drugs & Compounds
for CTLA4

Transcripts
for CTLA4

Expression
for CTLA4

Orthologs
for CTLA4

Paralogs
for CTLA4

SNPs/Variants
for CTLA4

Disorders & Mutations
for CTLA4

Medical News
for CTLA4

Publications
for CTLA4

Search for CTLA4

Genome Databases showing CTLA4

Other Databases showing CTLA4

Specialized Databases showing CTLA4

Licensable Technologies
for CTLA4

Services
for CTLA4

Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

CTLA4 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 65

Aliases & Descriptionsfor CTLA4

Summariesfor CTLA4

Genomic Locationfor CTLA4

Proteinsfor CTLA4

Protein Domains/Familiesfor CTLA4

Gene Functionfor CTLA4

Pathways & Interactionsfor CTLA4

Drugs & Compoundsfor CTLA4

Transcriptsfor CTLA4

Expression for CTLA4

Orthologsfor CTLA4

Paralogsfor CTLA4

SNPs/Variantsfor CTLA4

Disorders & Mutationsfor CTLA4

Medical Newsfor CTLA4

Publicationsfor CTLA4

Search for CTLA4

Genome Databases showing CTLA4

Other Databases showing CTLA4

Specialized Databases showing CTLA4

Licensable Technologiesfor CTLA4

Servicesfor CTLA4

Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Aliases &
Descriptions
for CTLA4

Summaries
for CTLA4

Genomic Location
for CTLA4

Proteins
for CTLA4

Protein Domains/
Families
for CTLA4

Gene Function
for CTLA4

Pathways & Interactions
for CTLA4

Drugs & Compounds
for CTLA4

Transcripts
for CTLA4

Expression
for CTLA4

Orthologs
for CTLA4

Paralogs
for CTLA4

SNPs/Variants
for CTLA4

Disorders & Mutations
for CTLA4

Medical News
for CTLA4

Publications
for CTLA4

Licensable Technologies
for CTLA4

Services
for CTLA4