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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

CLU Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 70
GCID: GC08M027454

clusterin

(Previous names: clusterin (complement lysis inhibitor, SP-40,40, sulfated...)
(Previous symbols: CLI, APOJ)
 Explore 151 diseases affiliated with
CLU via our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for CLU
    

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section

This gene clusters with an RNA gene
Subcategory (RNA class): lncRNA

Quality score for the ORGUL clustered with this gene is 3

Aliases
Clusterin1     Ku70-Binding Protein 12 3
CLI1 2 3 5     Testosterone-Repressed Prostate Message 22 3
APOJ1 2 3     NA1/NA22 3
KUB11 2 3     SGP22 5
TRPM-21 2 3     TRPM22 5
CLU11 2     Clusterin (Complement Lysis Inhibitor, SP-40,40, Sulfated Glycoprotein 2,
Testosterone-Repressed Prostate Message 2, Apolipoprotein J)1
CLU21 2     APO-J2
SGP-21 2     Aging-Associated Protein 42
SP-401 2     Complement Lysis Inhibitor2
Apolipoprotein J2 3     Sulfated Glycoprotein 22
Complement Cytolysis Inhibitor2 3     Apo-J3
Complement-Associated Protein SP-40,402 3     Aging-Associated Gene 4 Protein3

External Ids:    HGNC: 20951   Entrez Gene: 11912   Ensembl: ENSG000001208857   OMIM: 1854305   UniProtKB: P109093   
ORGUL members:         
NONCODE:n410877    

Export aliases for CLU gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC08M027237 GC08M027960 GC08M027477 GC08M027462 GC08M027510 GC08M025999


(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for CLU:
The protein encoded by this gene is a secreted chaperone that can under some stress conditions also be found in the
cell cytosol. It has been suggested to be involved in several basic biological events such as cell death, tumor
progression, and neurodegenerative disorders. Alternate splicing results in both coding and non-coding
variants.(provided by RefSeq, May 2011)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CLUS_HUMAN, P10909
Function: Isoform 1 functions as extracellular chaperone that prevents aggregation of nonnative proteins. Prevents
stress-induced aggregation of blood plasma proteins. Inhibits formation of amyloid fibrils by APP, APOC2, B2M, CALCA,
CSN3, SNCA and aggregation-prone LYZ variants (in vitro). Does not require ATP. Maintains partially unfolded proteins
in a state appropriate for subsequent refolding by other chaperones, such as HSPA8/HSC70. Does not refold proteins by
itself. Binding to cell surface receptors triggers internalization of the chaperone-client complex and subsequent
lysosomal or proteasomal degradation. Secreted isoform 1 protects cells against apoptosis and against cytolysis by
complement. Intracellular isoforms interact with ubiquitin and SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein
ligase complexes and promote the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Promotes
proteasomal degradation of COMMD1 and IKBKB. Modulates NF-kappa-B transcriptional activity. Nuclear isoforms promote
apoptosis. Mitochondrial isoforms suppress BAX-dependent release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm and inhibit
apoptosis. Plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation

Gene Wiki entry for CLU (Clusterin)


(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000008.10  NC_018919.1  NT_167187.1  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the CLU gene promoter:
         PPAR-gamma1   AP-1   PPAR-gamma2   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 5): CLU promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for CLU

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat CLU


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 8p21-p12   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  8p21.1   HGNC cytogenetic band: 8p21-p12

CLU Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
CLU gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 8         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC08M027454:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
27,454,434 bp from pter      End:
27,472,548 bp from pter
Size:
18,115 bases      Orientation:
minus strand

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CLUS_HUMAN, P10909 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Clusterin precursor  
Size: 449 amino acids; 52495 Da
Subunit: Antiparallel disulfide-linked heterodimer of an alpha chain and a beta chain. Self-associates and forms higher
oligomers. Interacts with a broad range of misfolded proteins, including APP, APOC2 and LYZ. Slightly acidic pH
promotes interaction with misfolded proteins. Forms high-molecular weight oligomers upon interaction with misfolded
proteins. Interacts with APOA1, LRP2, CLUAP1 AND PON1. Interacts with the complement complex. Interacts (via alpha
chain) with XRCC6. Interacts with SYVN1, COMMD1, BTRC, CUL1 and with ubiquitin and SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3
ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes. Interacts (via alpha chain) with BAX in stressed cells, where BAX undergoes a
conformation change leading to association with the mitochondrial membrane. Does not interact with BAX in unstressed
cells. Found in a complex with LTF, CLU, EPPIN and SEMG1
Subcellular location: Isoform 1: Secreted. Note=Can retrotranslocate from the secretory compartments to the cytosol
upon cellular stress
Subcellular location: Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Mitochondrion membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side.
Cytoplasm, cytosol. Microsome. Endoplasmic reticulum. Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, chromaffin granule (By
similarity). Note=Isoforms lacking the N-terminal signal sequence have been shown to be cytoplasmic and/or nuclear.
Secreted isoforms can retrotranslocate from the secretory compartments to the cytosol upon cellular stress. Detected
in perinuclear foci that may be aggresomes containing misfolded, ubiquitinated proteins. Detected at the mitochondrion
membrane upon induction of apoptosis
Sequence caution: Sequence=AAA35692.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended;
Sequence=AAB06508.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended; Sequence=AAB06508.1;
Type=Miscellaneous discrepancy; Note=Contaminating sequence; Sequence=AAH10514.1; Type=Erroneous initiation;
Note=Translation N-terminally extended; Sequence=AAH19588.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally
extended; Sequence=AAP88927.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Sequence=AAP88927.1; Type=Erroneous initiation;
Note=Translation N-terminally extended; Sequence=AAT08041.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally
extended; Sequence=BAG36598.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended; Sequence=CAA32847.1;
Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended;
Secondary accessions: B2R9Q1 B3KSE6 P11380 P11381 Q2TU75 Q5HYC1 Q7Z5B9
Alternative splicing: 5 isoforms:  P10909-1   P10909-2   P10909-3   P10909-4   P10909-5   (Minor isoform that has been detected in a breast cancer cell line, but not in any other tissues or cell lines)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for CLU: NX_P10909

Post-translational modifications:

  • Isoform 1 is proteolytically cleaved on its way through the secretory system, probably within the Golgi lumen1
  • Polyubiquitinated, leading to proteasomal degradation1
  • Heavily N-glycosylated. About 30% of the protein mass is comprised of complex N-linked carbohydrate1
  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P10909

  • CLU Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins: NP_001822.3  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000315130   ENSP00000385419   ENSP00000429620   ENSP00000431096   ENSP00000428033  
     ENSP00000430821   ENSP00000431070   ENSP00000453247   ENSP00000429336   ENSP00000431026  
     ENSP00000429881   ENSP00000428779   ENSP00000427868   ENSP00000428526   ENSP00000429087  
     ENSP00000453939   ENSP00000446413  
    Reactome Protein details: P10909
    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
    Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
    R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for CLU (Clusterin)
    Enzo Life Sciences proteins for CLU
    OriGene Purified Protein: CLU
    OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate (see all 2): CLU
    OriGene Custom Protein Services for CLU 
    GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for CLU
    Novus Biologicals CLU Proteins
    Novus Biologicals CLU Lysate
    Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
    ProSpec Recombinant Protein for CLU
    Uscn Proteins for CLU

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/16 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 16):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005576extracellular region TAS--
    GO:0005615extracellular space IDA--
    GO:0005634nucleus IEA--
    GO:0005739mitochondrion IDA16113678
    GO:0005783endoplasmic reticulum IEA--


    CLU for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    CLU Antibody Products: 
    EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of CLU
    R&D Systems Antibodies for CLU (Clusterin)
    OriGene Antibodies (see all 3): CLU
    OriGene Custom Antibody Services for CLU 
    GenScript Superior Antibodies for CLU
    Novus Biologicals CLU Antibodies
    Abcam antibodies for CLU 
    Uscn Antibodies for CLU
    ThermoFisher Antibody for CLU

    Assay Products for CLU: 
    Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
    OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development
    Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
    R&D Systems ELISAs for CLU (Clusterin)         (see all)
    GenScript Custom Assay Services for CLU
    Enzo Life Sciences assays for CLU
    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for CLU


    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    CLU for domains           About GeneDecksing

    4 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR000753 Clusterin-like
     IPR016014 Clusterin_N
     IPR016016 Clusterin
     IPR016015 Clusterin_C

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P10909

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P10909

    1 Blocks protein family: IPB000753 Clusterin

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CLUS_HUMAN, P10909
    Similarity: Belongs to the clusterin family


    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CLUS_HUMAN, P10909
    Function: Isoform 1 functions as extracellular chaperone that prevents aggregation of nonnative proteins. Prevents
    stress-induced aggregation of blood plasma proteins. Inhibits formation of amyloid fibrils by APP, APOC2, B2M, CALCA,
    CSN3, SNCA and aggregation-prone LYZ variants (in vitro). Does not require ATP. Maintains partially unfolded proteins
    in a state appropriate for subsequent refolding by other chaperones, such as HSPA8/HSC70. Does not refold proteins by
    itself. Binding to cell surface receptors triggers internalization of the chaperone-client complex and subsequent
    lysosomal or proteasomal degradation. Secreted isoform 1 protects cells against apoptosis and against cytolysis by
    complement. Intracellular isoforms interact with ubiquitin and SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein
    ligase complexes and promote the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Promotes
    proteasomal degradation of COMMD1 and IKBKB. Modulates NF-kappa-B transcriptional activity. Nuclear isoforms promote
    apoptosis. Mitochondrial isoforms suppress BAX-dependent release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm and inhibit
    apoptosis. Plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation
    Induction: Up-regulated in response to enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection (at protein level). Up-regulated by agents that
    induce apoptosis, both at mRNA and protein level. Isoform 1 is up-regulated by androgen. Isoform 2 is down-regulated
    by androgen

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for CLU:
    clusterin,sulfated multifunctional glycoprotein 2,cell cycle dependent expressed in normal dermal fibroblasts,major
    secreted product of Sertoli cells,potentially involved in spermatogenesis,increased in hippocampus and in frontal
    cortex in Alzheimer's disease. Recently recognized as an autoantigen (70kDa) identified in the serum of patients with
    scleroderma-polymyositis syndrome,dimerizing with KUP80 to form an ATP dependent DNA unwinding enzyme (helicase II)
    and the regulatory component of a DNA dependent protein kinase (PRKDC),involved in DNA double-strand break repair by
    end joining (non homologous recombination) and V(D)J recombination

    miRNA
    Products:
        
    OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 2): CLU
    Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat CLU
    8/11 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate CLU (see all 11):
    hsa-miR-3678-3p hsa-miR-330-5p hsa-miR-509-5p hsa-miR-1236 hsa-miR-3138 hsa-miR-183* hsa-miR-370 hsa-miR-1184
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmidCLU 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:
        
    Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for CLU (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: CLU
    OriGene siRNA: CLU
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat CLU

    Gene Editing
    Products:
    DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for CLU

    Clone
    Products:
         
    Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CLU (see all 5)
    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CLU (see all 4)
    OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling 
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): CLU (NM_001831)
    Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for CLU
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for CLU
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat CLU 

    Cell Line
    Products:
         
    GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for CLU
    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for CLU

    In Situ Assay
    Products:
       

     
    Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for CLU

    Gene Ontology (GO): 4 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005515protein binding IPI16113678
    GO:0016887NOT ATPase activity IDA11123922
    GO:0031625ubiquitin protein ligase binding IDA--
    GO:0051787misfolded protein binding IPI19996109


    CLU for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    3 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for CLU:
     Increased cell death HMECs cel  Increased gamma-H2AX phosphory  Synthetic lethal with Ras 

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-out Clutm1Jakh for CLU
         7 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 1 allele(MGI details for Clu):
     cardiovascular system  homeostasis/metabolism  immune system  muscle  nervous system 
     other  renal/urinary system 

    CLU for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways  About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Immune response_Alternative complement pathway
    Immune response Alternative complement pathway1.00
    Immune response_Lectin induced complement pathway0.56
    Immune response_Alternative complement pathway1.00
    Immune response Lectin Induced complement pathway0.56
    2Immune response_Classical complement pathway
    Immune response_Classical complement pathway1.00
    Immune response Classic complement pathway0.98
    3Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation
    Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation1.00
    Hemostasis0.43
    4Platelet degranulation
    Platelet degranulation 1.00
    Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+0.94
    5Validated targets of C-MYC transcriptional repression
    Validated targets of C-MYC transcriptional repression1.00

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    3 EMD Millipore Pathways for CLU
        Immune response Alternative complement pathway
    Immune response Classic complement pathway
    Immune response Lectin Induced complement pathway


    3 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for CLU
        Immune response Alternative complement pathway
    Immune response Classical complement pathway
    Immune response Lectin induced complement pathway

    1 BioSystems Pathway for CLU 
        Validated targets of C-MYC transcriptional repression

    4        Reactome Pathways for CLU
        Hemostasis
    Platelet degranulation
    Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation
    Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+



    CLU for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for CLU

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/91 Interacting proteins for CLU (P109091, 2, 3 ENSP000003151304) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 91)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    DISC1Q9NRI51, 3, ENSP000003555964EBI-1104674,EBI-529989 I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000355596
    PDIA3P301012, 3MINT-4301334 I2D: score=1 
    FOSP011001, 3, ENSP000003062454EBI-1104674,EBI-852851 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000306245
    PPARGP372311, 3, ENSP000002878204EBI-1104674,EBI-781384 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000287820
    XRCC6P129563, ENSP000003522574I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000352257
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/30 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 30):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0001836release of cytochrome c from mitochondria IC16113678
    GO:0002576platelet degranulation TAS--
    GO:0006629lipid metabolic process NAS2387851
    GO:0006950response to stress ----
    GO:0006956complement activation TAS1585460


    CLU for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    CLU for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for CLU
    10/81 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for CLU gene (see all 81)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    [alcl] 58.5 25 10887098 (5), 19220628 (4), 19289586 (3), 12428799 (2)
    eb 1089 49.3 2 9528999 (1), 8903423 (1)
    oligonucleotide 41.7 22 19157446 (2), 16145049 (2), 7757997 (1), 18078515 (1) (see all 11)
    docetaxel 38 9 16652143 (2), 18245546 (2), 18025278 (1), 18336596 (1) (see all 5)
    kininogen 37.7 3 20143872 (1), 14559363 (1), 18484873 (1)
    paclitaxel 35.4 32 16890274 (5), 18714397 (5), 16373699 (4), 10811138 (3) (see all 7)
    phosphorothioate 31.5 2 18245546 (1), 16145049 (1)
    lipid 31.5 44 1746550 (4), 1431576 (3), 15457546 (2), 19357365 (2) (see all 25)
    1,25 dihydroxy vitamin d3 31 7 16886681 (2), 9528999 (1), 16179938 (1)
    dutp 29.7 4 19793084 (1), 15668890 (1), 19155441 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about CLU / CLUS 

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section

    REFSEQ mRNAs for CLU gene: 
    NM_001831.3  

    Unigene Cluster for CLU:

    Clusterin
    Hs.436657  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NR_038335
    18/20 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant (see all 20):
    ENST00000316403(uc003xfw.2 uc003xfx.2 uc003xfz.2) ENST00000405140
    ENST00000523500 ENST00000522299 ENST00000520012 ENST00000521770 ENST00000522098
    ENST00000522502 ENST00000523589 ENST00000560566 ENST00000520796 ENST00000519742
    ENST00000520491 ENST00000522413 ENST00000518050 ENST00000519472 ENST00000523396
    ENST00000522238

    miRNA
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    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat CLU
    8/11 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate CLU (see all 11):
    hsa-miR-3678-3p hsa-miR-330-5p hsa-miR-509-5p hsa-miR-1236 hsa-miR-3138 hsa-miR-183* hsa-miR-370 hsa-miR-1184
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmidCLU 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat CLU
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    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): CLU (NM_001831)
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for CLU
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat CLU 
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    OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for CLU
    Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
    SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat CLU
      QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat CLU
      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat CLU

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AK313870.1 AY513288.1 BC010514.1 BC013221.1 BC019588.2 J02908.1 M25915.1 M26639.1 
    M64722.1 M74816.1 NR_038335.1 NR_045494.1 X14723.1 

    24/99 DOTS entries (see all 99):

    DT.91829646  DT.91829513  DT.97796082  DT.91983754  DT.91720241  DT.100889938  DT.87007676  DT.91941054 
    DT.92376991  DT.92047285  DT.97848139  DT.100889971  DT.95153361  DT.91829692  DT.100889976  DT.100889940 
    DT.92345718  DT.75101114  DT.100889937  DT.100806549  DT.100889925  DT.100889905  DT.100889920  DT.100889944 

    24/3200 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 3200):

    BM990457 BU150743 BF091901 CR625885 BQ183954 BF935930 BU150113 BF726811 
    AA235650 BQ898013 CN480363 CR610801 CR591047 BQ181739 BP353065 BQ182027 
    CR609937 AA383407 BM819423 BF933904 BU727847 CA412693 H93557 BG060044 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/12 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for CLU (see all 12)    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1a · 1b ^ 2 ^ 3 ^ 4a · 4b · 4c ^ 5a · 5b · 5c ^ 6a · 6b · 6c · 6d ^ 7a · 7b ^ 8a · 8b ^ 9a · 9b · 9c ^ 10a · 10b ^ 11 ^ 12a · 12b ·
    SP1:              -     -     -     -     -     -                                   -                                                                 -         
    SP2:                                      -     -                                   -                                                                 -         
    SP3:                          -     -     -     -                                   -                                                                           
    SP4:                                                                                                                                                  -         
    SP5:                    -     -     -     -     -                                   -                                                                           

    ExUns: 12c ^ 13a · 13b · 13c · 13d · 13e
    SP1:                                    
    SP2:                                    
    SP3:                                    
    SP4:                                    
    SP5:                                    


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for CLU

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    CLU expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: CAACTAATTC

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)

    About this image

    CLU expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    2 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells 
    Tissue Anatomical Compartment CellCategory (developmental path)
    BrainChoroid PlexusMature Choroid Plexus CellsChoroid Plexus
    EyeInner Nuclear LayerGABAergic Amacrine CellsAmacrine, Retina
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization

    See CLU Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for CLU

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.436657

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CLUS_HUMAN, P10909
    Tissue specificity: Detected in blood plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, milk, seminal plasma and colon mucosa. Detected in
    the germinal center of colon lymphoid nodules and in colon parasympathetic ganglia of the Auerbach plexus (at protein
    level). Ubiquitous. Detected in brain, testis, ovary, liver and pancreas, and at lower levels in kidney, heart, spleen
    and lung

        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including CLU: 
              Nephrotoxicity in human mouse rat
              Alzheimer's Disease in human mouse rat
              Cellular Stress Responses in human mouse rat
              PPAR Targets in human mouse rat

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    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section

    This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

    Orthologs for CLU gene from 5/8 species (see all 8)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification
    Gene Description Human
    Similarity
    Orthology
    Type
    Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)
    Mammalia Clu5 clusterin   --   14 (34.36 cM) 65968483 
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)
    Aves F1NGP2_CHICK6
    clusterin
    46(a)
    1 ↔ 1
    3(107997660-108001960)
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)
    Reptilia CLU6
    --
    40(a)
    1 ↔ 1
    GL343982.1(6882-21993)
    African clawed frog
    (Xenopus laevis)
    Amphibia clu-prov2 clusterin 74.97(n)    BC046678.1 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)
    Actinopterygii zgc733522 hypothetical protein MGC73352 75.89(n)   393775  AY352658.1 


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for CLU (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for CLU (if available) 

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for CLU gene
    CLUL12  
    1 SIMAP similar gene for CLU using alignment to 13 protein entries:     CLUS_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    CLUL1

    CLU for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/422 NCBI SNPs in CLU are shown (see all 422    About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance
    Chr 8 posSequence#AA
    Chg
    TypeMore#Allele
    freq
    PopTotal
    sample
    More
    ----------
    rs27413461,2
    --25999123(-) gctggG/Tattat 3 -- ds5001 int10--------
    rs105038141,2
    C,F,H,--25999609(+) AATTTC/TCTTGA 3 -- ut31 nc-transcript-variant29Minor allele frequency- T:0.07NS NA EA CSA WA 2834
    rs93319501,2
    C,F,H,--25999716(-) TATAGC/TTTAGA 3 -- ut31 nc-transcript-variantese37Minor allele frequency- T:0.10NS NA WA 410
    rs339540801,2
    C--25999820(+) ATGTT-/AATG  
            
    AACGA
    6 -- nc-transcript-variantut310--------
    rs93319481,2
    F--25999823(-) TCGTTCATT/-  
            
    AACAT
    6 -- nc-transcript-variantut311Minor allele frequency- -:0.07NS 164
    rs93319471,2
    C,F,H,--25999911(-) AACCAT/CAGCTG 3 -- ut31 nc-transcript-variantese38Minor allele frequency- C:0.03NS NA 970
    rs93319461,2
    C,F,H,--25999979(-) TCCACC/TGCCGG 3 -- nc-transcript-variantut31 ese312Minor allele frequency- T:0.01NS EA 1180
    rs93319451,2
    C,H,--25999991(-) TGGCAT/CTTCCT 3 -- ut31 nc-transcript-variantese35Minor allele frequency- C:0.00NS EA 574
    rs93319441,2
    H--26000065(-) CAGCGG/ATTTTA 3 -- nc-transcript-variantut31 ese35Minor allele frequency- A:0.00NS EA 592
    rs93319431,2
    H--26000066(-) GCAGCG/TGTTTT 3 -- ut31 nc-transcript-variantese35Minor allele frequency- T:0.00NS EA 586

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for CLU (27454434 - 27472548 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
          Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for CLU: --
    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): CLU

    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
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    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    CLU for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 185430    OMIM disorders: --

    20/151 diseases for CLU (see all 151):    About MalaCards
    angle-closure glaucoma    von hippel-lindau disease    estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer    lymphomatoid papulosis
    pelviureteric junction obstruction    spinal cord injury    fuchs' endothelial dystrophy    anaplastic large cell lymphoma
    familial adenomatous polyposis    tenosynovial giant cell tumor    wallerian degeneration    prostatitis
    transient neonatal neutropenia    age related macular degeneration    dendritic cell sarcoma    inclusion body myositis
    follicular dendritic cell sarcoma    hemolytic-uremic syndrome    mycosis fungoides    transthyretin amyloidosis

    1 disease from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for CLU:
    Alzheimer's disease

    10/95 Novoseek disease relationships for CLU gene (see all 95)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    prostate cancer 62.3 152 16979705 (7), 19879420 (6), 16634689 (5), 16201973 (5) (see all 54)
    senile plaques 55.5 15 1378350 (1), 15857407 (1), 10502582 (1), 7761992 (1) (see all 10)
    alzheimers disease 53.4 51 16490286 (4), 8774959 (2), 10502582 (2), 20307625 (2) (see all 27)
    carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome 48 1 9083771 (1)
    anaplastic large cell lymphoma 47.7 18 12429802 (4), 15151211 (2), 12428799 (2), 19220628 (1) (see all 5)
    drusen 47.3 7 11846519 (1), 17148042 (1), 20428236 (1), 12391305 (1) (see all 5)
    cdg ia 47.3 1 9104884 (1)
    nephropathy obstructive 45.9 1 10644902 (1)
    ovarian cystadenoma 45.5 1 15578711 (1)
    lymphomatoid papulosis 45 4 19220628 (1), 19289586 (1)

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): CLU
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: CLU (39 documents)

    Export disorders for CLU gene to outside databases

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for CLU gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 732):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with CLU)
        Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Clusterin is a short half-life, poly-ubiquitinated protein, which controls the fate of prostate cancer cells. (PubMed id 19137541)1, 2, 9 Rizzi F....Bettuzzi S. (2009)
    2. Clusterin expression in normal mucosa and colorectal cancer. (PubMed id 17322305)1, 2, 9 Andersen C.L....Orntoft T.F. (2007)
    3. Apolipoprotein J: structure and tissue distribution. (PubMed id 1974459)1, 2, 9 de Silva H.V.... Robbins J. (1990)
    4. The extracellular chaperone clusterin influences amyloid formation and toxicity by interacting with prefibrillar structures. (PubMed id 17412999)1, 2, 9 Yerbury J.J....Wilson M.R. (2007)
    5. Mildly acidic pH activates the extracellular molecular chaperone clusterin. (PubMed id 12176985)1, 2, 9 Poon S....Wilson M.R. (2002)
    6. Apolipoprotein J is associated with paraoxonase in human plasma. (PubMed id 8292612)1, 2, 9 Kelso G.J.... Harmony J.A.K. (1994)
    7. Multiple pathways regulating the anti-apoptotic protein clusterin in breast cancer. (PubMed id 17689225)1, 2, 9 Ranney M.K....Craven R.J. (2007)
    8. Identification of human plasma proteins as major clie nts for the extracellular chaperone clusterin. (PubMed id 19996109)1, 2, 9 Wyatt A.R. and Wilson M.R. (2010)
    9. Clusterin facilitates COMMD1 and I-kappaB degradation to enhance NF-kappaB activity in prostate cancer cells. (PubMed id 20068069)1, 2, 9 Zoubeidi A....Gleave M.E. (2010)
    10. Stress-induced retrotranslocation of clusterin/ApoJ into the cytosol. (PubMed id 17451556)1, 2, 9 Nizard P....Michel D. (2007)

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  

      Query String
    PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 1191 HGNC: 2095 AceView: CLU Ensembl:ENSG00000120885 euGenes: HUgn1191
    ECgene: CLU H-InvDB: CLU

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
      --

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for CLU Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for CLU Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
    NIEHS-SNPshttp://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/clu/

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    Patent Information for CLU gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving CLU

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



    (Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences),
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    About This Section

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