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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

CLOCK Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 69
GCID: GC04M056294

clock circadian regulator

(Previous names: clock (mouse) homolog, clock homolog (mouse) )
 Explore 42 diseases affiliated with
CLOCK via
MalaCards
our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for CLOCK    

Aliases
for CLOCK gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Clock Circadian Regulator1 2     Clock Homolog (Mouse)1
BHLHe81     Circadian Locomoter Output Cycles Kaput Protein2
KAT13D1 2     Circadian Locomoter Output Cycles Protein Kaput2
KIAA03341 3     Clock Homolog2
Class E Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Protein 82 3     BHLHE83
EC 2.3.1.483 8     HCLOCK1
Clock (Mouse) Homolog1     

External Ids:    HGNC: 20821   Entrez Gene: 95752   Ensembl: ENSG000001348527   OMIM: 6018515   UniProtKB: O155163   

Export aliases for CLOCK gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC04M056102 GC04M056260 GC04M056214 GC04M056139 GC04M055988 GC04M052247


Summaries
for CLOCK gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for CLOCK:
This gene product regulates circadian rhythm and metabolism. The protein encodes a transcription factor of the basic
helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family and a DNA binding histone acetyltransferase. Polymorphisms in this gene may be
associated with behavioral changes in certain populations and with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Alternative
splicing results in multiple transcript variants. (provided by RefSeq, Jun 2012)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CLOCK_HUMAN, O15516
Function: ARNTL/2-CLOCK heterodimers activate E-box element (5'-CACGTG-3') transcription of a number of proteins of the
circadian clock. Activates transcription of PER1 and PER2. This transcription is inhibited in a feedback loop by PER
and CRY proteins. Has intrinsic histone acetyltransferase activity and this enzymatic function contributes to
chromatin-remodeling events implicated in circadian control of gene expression (By similarity). Acetylates primarily
histones H3 and H4 (By similarity). Acetylates also a non-histone substrate: ARNTL (By similarity). Plays a role in
DNA damage response (DDR) signaling during the S phase

Gene Wiki entry for CLOCK


Genomic Views
for CLOCK gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000004.11  NC_018915.1  NT_022853.15  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the CLOCK gene promoter:
         Pax-5   Sp1   Bach2   CUTL1   PPAR-alpha   CREB   deltaCREB   PPAR-gamma2   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: CLOCK promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for CLOCK

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat CLOCK


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 4q12   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  4q12   HGNC cytogenetic band: 4q12

CLOCK Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
CLOCK gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 4         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC04M056294:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 56,294,070 bp from pter      End:
 56,413,305 bp from pter
Size:
 119,236 bases      Orientation:
 minus strand

Proteins
for CLOCK gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CLOCK_HUMAN, O15516 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Circadian locomoter output cycles protein kaput  
Size: 846 amino acids; 95304 Da
Subunit: Component of the circadian clock oscillator which includes the CRY proteins, CLOCK or NPAS2, ARNTL or ARNTL2,
CSNK1D and/or CSNK1E, TIMELESS and the PER proteins. Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH
protein. Heterodimerization with ARNTL is required for E-box-dependent transactivation, for CLOCK nuclear
translocation and degradation, and, for phosphorylation of both CLOCK and ARNTL. Interaction with PER and CRY proteins
requires translocation to the nucleus. Interaction of the CLOCK-ARNTL heterodimer with PER or CRY inhibits
transcription activation. Binds weakly ARNTL and ARNTL2 to form heterodimers which bind poorly to the E-box motif (By
similarity)
Subcellular location: Nucleus. Chromosome. Cytoplasm (By similarity). Nucleus (By similarity). Note=Shuffling between
the cytoplasm and the nucleus is under circadian regulation and is ARNTL-dependent. Phosphorylated form located in the
nucleus (By similarity). Localizes to sites of DNA damage in a H2AX-independent manner
Miscellaneous: CLOCK-ARNTL double mutations within the PAS domains result in syngernistic desensitization to high
levels of CRY on repression of CLOCK-ARNTL transcriptional activity of PER1 and disrupt circadian rhythmicity
Sequence caution: Sequence=BAA20792.2; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally shortened;
1 PDB 3D structure from and Proteopedia for CLOCK:
4H10 (3D)    
Secondary accessions: A0AV01 A2I2N9 O14516 Q9UIT8

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for CLOCK: NX_O15516

Post-translational modifications:

  • Phosphorylation is dependent on CLOCK-ARNTL heterodimer formation (By similarity)1
  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_O15516

    • 4/13 DME Specific Peptides for CLOCK (O15516) (see all 13)
     KSQDSGS  LQSTSTQ  SYEDRVC  LEALDGFF 

    CLOCK Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_001254772.1  NP_004889.1  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000308741   ENSP00000370723   ENSP00000426983   ENSP00000396649  
    Reactome Protein details: O15516
    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
    Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
    Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
    Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
    Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells
    OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: CLOCK
    OriGene Custom Protein Services for CLOCK 
    GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for CLOCK
    Novus Biologicals CLOCK Proteins
    Novus Biologicals CLOCK Lysate
    Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
    Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
    Uscn Proteins for CLOCK

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/7 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 7):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005634nucleus IDA--
    GO:0005667transcription factor complex IPI9576906
    GO:0005694chromosome IDA--
    GO:0005730NOT nucleolus IDA--
    GO:0005737cytoplasm ----


    CLOCK for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    CLOCK Antibody Products: 
    EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of CLOCK
    R&D Systems Antibodies for CLOCK
    Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Antibodies for CLOCK 
    OriGene Antibodies (see all 2): CLOCK
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    GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for CLOCK
    Novus Biologicals CLOCK Antibodies
    Abcam antibodies for CLOCK 
    Uscn Antibodies for CLOCK
    ThermoFisher Antibodies for CLOCK

    Assay Products for CLOCK: 
    Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
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    Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
    Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
    GenScript Custom Assay Services for CLOCK
    Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for CLOCK

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for CLOCK gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    CLOCK for domains           About GeneDecksing

    5/6 InterPro domains/families (see all 6):
     IPR013655 PAS_fold_3
     IPR001610 PAC
     IPR013767 PAS_fold
     IPR000014 PAS
     IPR011598 HLH_dom

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry O15516

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: O15516

    5 Blocks protein families:
    IPB000014 PAS domain
    IPB001067 Nuclear translocator signature
    IPB001092 Basic helix-loop-helix dimerization domain bHLH
    IPB001610 PAC motif
    IPB013655 PAS fold-3


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CLOCK_HUMAN, O15516
    Similarity: Contains 1 bHLH (basic helix-loop-helix) domain
    Similarity: Contains 1 PAC (PAS-associated C-terminal) domain
    Similarity: Contains 2 PAS (PER-ARNT-SIM) domains


    Function
    for CLOCK gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CLOCK_HUMAN, O15516
    Function: ARNTL/2-CLOCK heterodimers activate E-box element (5'-CACGTG-3') transcription of a number of proteins of the
    circadian clock. Activates transcription of PER1 and PER2. This transcription is inhibited in a feedback loop by PER
    and CRY proteins. Has intrinsic histone acetyltransferase activity and this enzymatic function contributes to
    chromatin-remodeling events implicated in circadian control of gene expression (By similarity). Acetylates primarily
    histones H3 and H4 (By similarity). Acetylates also a non-histone substrate: ARNTL (By similarity). Plays a role in
    DNA damage response (DDR) signaling during the S phase
    Catalytic activity: Acetyl-CoA + [histone] = CoA + acetyl-[histone]

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for CLOCK:
    CLOCK gene,homolog to murine Clock,regulator of circadian rhythms,with two major transcripts 8 and 10kb,predominantly
    expressed in the suprachiasmatic nuclei and cerebellum

    Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 2.3.1.481 2

    miRNA
    Products:            		miRTarBase miRNAs that target CLOCK:
    hsa-mir-141 (MIRT002951), hsa-mir-182 (MIRT005358)

    OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: CLOCK
    Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat CLOCK
    8/86 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate CLOCK (see all 86):
    hsa-miR-607 hsa-miR-106a hsa-miR-15a hsa-miR-200a hsa-miR-30d hsa-miR-30a hsa-miR-3622b-3p hsa-miR-93
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: CLOCK 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:            		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for CLOCK (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: CLOCK
    OriGene siRNA: CLOCK
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat CLOCK

    Gene Editing
    Products:    		DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for CLOCK

    Clone
    Products:             		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CLOCK (see all 3)
    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CLOCK
    OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling 
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: CLOCK (NM_004898)
    Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for CLOCK
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat CLOCK 

    Cell Line
    Products:             		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for CLOCK
    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for CLOCK

    In Situ Assay
    Products:       
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for CLOCK

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/10 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 10):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000978RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding IDA18411297
    GO:0000982RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity ISS--
    GO:0001190RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding transcription factor activity involved in positive regulation of transcription ISS--
    GO:0003677DNA binding ----
    GO:0003700sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity ISS--


    CLOCK for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-out Clocktm1.1Rep for CLOCK
         11 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 3 alleles) (MGI details for Clock):
     adipose tissue  behavior/neurological  cardiovascular system  digestive/alimentary  growth/size 
     homeostasis/metabolism  integument  liver/biliary system  nervous system  no phenotypic analysis 
     reproductive system 

    CLOCK for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    Pathways & Interactions
    for CLOCK gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways  About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Phosphorylation and Nuclear Translocation of the BMAL1:CLOCK/NPAS2 Heterodimer
    		Phosphorylation and Nuclear Translocation of the BMAL1:CLOCK/NPAS2 Heterodimer1.00
    		Expression of CLOCK0.33
    		Circadian Repression of Expression by REV-ERBA0.75
    		Metabolic States and Circadian Oscillators0.30
    2Circadian rhythm - mammal
    		Circadian rhythm - mammal1.00
    		Circadian Clock in Mammals0.40
    		Circadian Clock0.41
    3Diurnally regulated genes with circadian orthologs
    		Diurnally regulated genes with circadian orthologs1.00
    4Circadian rhythm pathway
    		Circadian rhythm pathway1.00
    5Chromatin Regulation / Acetylation
    		Chromatin Regulation / Acetylation1.00

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    2 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for CLOCK
        Metabolic States and Circadian Oscillators
    Circadian Clock in Mammals

    1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for CLOCK
        Chromatin Regulation / Acetylation

    2 BioSystems Pathways for CLOCK 
        Diurnally regulated genes with circadian orthologs
    Circadian rhythm pathway

    4        Reactome Pathways for CLOCK
        Phosphorylation and Nuclear Translocation of the BMAL1:CLOCK/NPAS2 Heterodimer
    Circadian Clock
    Circadian Repression of Expression by REV-ERBA
    Expression of CLOCK


    1         Kegg Pathway  (Kegg details for CLOCK):
        Circadian rhythm - mammal


    CLOCK for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for CLOCK

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/50 Interacting proteins for CLOCK (O155163 ENSP000003087414) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 50)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    ARNTL2Q8WYA13, ENSP000002665034I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000266503
    DBPQ105863, ENSP000002221224I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000222122
    PER2O150553, ENSP000002546574I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000254657
    SIRT1Q96EB63, ENSP000002120154I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000212015
    CRY2Q49AN03, ENSP000004067514I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000406751
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/10 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 10):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000077DNA damage checkpoint IMP--
    GO:0006355regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent ISS--
    GO:0006357regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter TAS10198158
    GO:0007165signal transduction TAS10198158
    GO:0007623circadian rhythm TAS10198158


    CLOCK for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for CLOCK gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    CLOCK for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for CLOCK

    2 HMDB Compounds for CLOCK    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    Acetyl-CoAS-Acetyl coenzyme A (see all 13)72-89-9--
    Coenzyme AAcetoacetyl coenzyme A sodium salt (see all 21)85-61-0--
    6 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for CLOCK gene    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    arylalkylamine 54.8 1 17645697 (1)
    melatonin 46 1 17645697 (1)
    fluvoxamine 41.3 3 19347611 (3)
    dopamine 3.55 3 20002961 (1), 17116390 (1)
    oxygen 0 1 11726537 (1)
    nadph 0 1 11441146 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about CLOCK 

    Transcripts
    for CLOCK gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for CLOCK gene (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_001267843.1  NM_004898.3  

    Unigene Clusters for CLOCK:

    Clock circadian regulator
    Hs.436975  [show with all ESTs], Hs.689578
    Unigene Representative Sequences: NM_001267843, AK124437
    11 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000309964(uc010igu.1 uc003haz.1 uc003hba.1) ENST00000511124
    ENST00000381322 ENST00000513440 ENST00000479384 ENST00000506747 ENST00000435527
    ENST00000508049 ENST00000506923 ENST00000509151 ENST00000513033

    miRNA
    Products:             		 OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: CLOCK
    Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat CLOCK
    8/86 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate CLOCK (see all 86):
    hsa-miR-607 hsa-miR-106a hsa-miR-15a hsa-miR-200a hsa-miR-30d hsa-miR-30a hsa-miR-3622b-3p hsa-miR-93
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: CLOCK 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:             		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for CLOCK (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: CLOCK
    OriGene siRNA: CLOCK
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat CLOCK
    Clone
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    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: CLOCK (NM_004898)
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    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat CLOCK 
    Primer
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    Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
    SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat CLOCK
      QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat CLOCK
      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat CLOCK

    Additional cDNA sequence: AK124437.1 

    14 DOTS entries:

    DT.441675  DT.314439  DT.99945732  DT.40214180  DT.101970560  DT.216306  DT.101955682  DT.75158934 
    DT.75193604  DT.95366244  DT.121222253  DT.75102725  DT.91717144  DT.91651650 

    24/76 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 76):

    AW069711 AA856550 AI272643 NM_004898 BP379100 AI636144 AA629229 AB002332 
    BX097215 BP337839 CA454629 AI288889 AA425089 AA588008 AA856549 BG623849 
    BC041878 AA883954 CD359988 BE540895 AW170657 BP346357 AA167046 AA166968 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/6 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for CLOCK (see all 6)    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1 ^ 2 ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5a · 5b ^ 6 ^ 7a · 7b · 7c ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10 ^ 11 ^ 12a · 12b · 12c ^ 13a · 13b ^ 14a · 14b · 14c ^ 15
    SP1:                                                                                                              -     -                     
    SP2:        -                                   -                                                                                             
    SP3:                                                                                                                                          
    SP4:                                                                                                              -                           
    SP5:                                                                                                                                          


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for CLOCK

    Expression
    for CLOCK gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    CLOCK expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: AAACTTGAGC

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)
    About this image

    CLOCK expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    10/14 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells (see all 14) 
    Tissue Anatomical Compartment CellCategory (developmental path)
    LimbForelimb Dorsal MusclesMultinuclear MyocytesSkeletal Muscle
    LimbForelimb Ventral MusclesMultinuclear MyocytesSkeletal Muscle
    LimbHindlimb Dorsal MuscleMultinuclear MyocytesSkeletal Muscle
    LimbHindlimb Ventral MuscleMultinuclear MyocytesSkeletal Muscle
    Skeletal MuscleAnterior Neck MusclesMultinuclear MyocytesSkeletal Muscle
    Skeletal MuscleCervical Back MusclesMultinuclear MyocytesSkeletal Muscle
    Skeletal MuscleLumbar Back MusclesMultinuclear MyocytesSkeletal Muscle
    Skeletal MuscleLumbar Vertebrae Column MusclesMultinuclear MyocytesSkeletal Muscle
    Skeletal MusclePelvic MusclesMultinuclear MyocytesSkeletal Muscle
    Skeletal MusclePosterior Neck MusclesMultinuclear MyocytesSkeletal Muscle
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization

    See CLOCK Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for CLOCK

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene clusters: Hs.436975 Hs.689578

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CLOCK_HUMAN, O15516
    Tissue specificity: Expressed in all tissues examined including spleen, thymus, prostate, testis, ovary, small
    intestine, colon, leukocytes, heart, brain, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas. Highest
    levels in testis and skeletal muscle. Low levels in thymus, lung and liver. Expressed in all brain regions with
    highest levels in cerebellum. Highly expressed in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including CLOCK: 
              Notch Signaling Targets in human mouse rat
              Circadian Rhythms in human mouse rat

    Primer
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    Orthologs
    for CLOCK gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

    Orthologs for CLOCK gene from 5/18 species (see all 18)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves CLOCK1 clock homolog (mouse) 82.03(n)
    87.44(a)    		   373991  NM_204174.2  NP_989505.2 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia CLOCK6
    		 --
    		 87(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 5(104767119-104794128)
    African clawed frog
    (Xenopus laevis)    		 Amphibia Xl.5662 Xenopus laevis circadian rhythmicity protein CLOCK more 74.93(n)    AF227985.1 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii clock2 clock 73.51(n)   30140  AF133306.1 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)    		 Insecta Clk1 , 3 positive regulation of transcription,
    DNA-dependent more3
    Clock1    		 50(a)3
    46.68(n)1
    38.62(a)1    		   3 66A123
    388721  NM_001014576.11  NP_001014576.11 


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for CLOCK (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for CLOCK (if available) 

    Paralogs
    for CLOCK gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for CLOCK gene
    ARNT22  NPAS22  ARNT2  EPAS12  HIF1A2  NPAS32  SIM22  SIM12  
    HIF3A2  ARNTL2  ARNTL22  NPAS12  
    7 SIMAP similar genes for CLOCK using alignment to 3 protein entries:     CLOCK_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    clock    NPAS2    ARNTL2    ARNTL    ARNT    NCOA2
    HIF3A

    CLOCK for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for CLOCK gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
    Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 1 variation for CLOCK
         1 Indel: 60474
    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): CLOCK
    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
    QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing CLOCK
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    Disorders / Diseases
    for CLOCK gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    CLOCK for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 601851    OMIM disorders: --

    20/42 diseases for CLOCK (see all 42):    About MalaCards
    advanced sleep phase syndrome    attention deficit hyperactivity disorder    delayed sleep phase syndrome    obesity
    seasonal affective disorder    cluster headache    major depressive disorder    bulimia nervosa
    cocaine dependence    mood disorder    bipolar i disorder    anorexia nervosa
    fatty liver disease    esophageal squamous cell carcinoma    squamous cell carcinoma    bipolar disorder
    schizoaffective disorder    autistic disorder    eating disorder    headache

    1 disease from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for CLOCK:
    Sleep disorder

    10 Novoseek disease relationships for CLOCK gene    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    delayed sleep phase syndrome 75 1 11927136 (1)
    bipolar disorder 48.7 4 20072116 (2), 14582141 (1), 17428266 (1)
    narcolepsy 41.7 2 16125818 (2)
    major depression 39.4 5 10898925 (2), 19347611 (2), 20072116 (1)
    mood disorders 33.8 4 12898572 (1), 20072116 (1), 19708722 (1), 19224106 (1)
    colon carcinoma 22 2 16393700 (1)
    schizophrenia 0 7 17116390 (3), 19224106 (3)
    shock 0 2 17347670 (1)
    tumors 0 5 19148895 (2), 20124474 (1)
    obesity 0 1 20065968 (2), 18314271 (2), 18541547 (1), 19846548 (1) (see all 5)

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): CLOCK
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: CLOCK (103 documents)

    Export disorders for CLOCK gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for CLOCK gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for CLOCK gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 205):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with CLOCK)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Molecular cloning and characterization of the human CLOCK gene: expression in the suprachiasmatic nuclei. (PubMed id 10198158)1, 2, 3, 9 Steeves T.D.L.... Takahashi J.S. (1999)
    2. Genetic dissection of drug effects in clinical practice: CLOCK gene and clozapine-induced diurnal sleepiness. (PubMed id 15331141)1, 4, 9 Lattuada E....Smeraldi E. (2004)
    3. Influence of CLOCK gene polymorphism on circadian mood fluctuation and illness recurrence in bipolar depression. (PubMed id 14582141)1, 4, 9 Benedetti F....Smeraldi E. (2003)
    4. Genetic dissection of psychopathological symptoms: insomnia in mood disorders and CLOCK gene polymorphism. (PubMed id 12898572)1, 4, 9 Serretti A....Smeraldi E. (2003)
    5. A CLOCK polymorphism associated with human diurnal preference. (PubMed id 9779516)1, 4, 9 Katzenberg D....Mignot E. (1998)
    6. Pharmacogenetics of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor response: a 6-month follow-up. (PubMed id 15475734)1, 4, 9 Serretti A....Smeraldi E. (2004)
    7. Feedback repression is required for mammalian circadian clock function. (PubMed id 16474406)1, 2, 9 Sato T.K.... Hogenesch J.B. (2006)
    8. No association of clock gene T3111C polymorphism and affective disorders. (PubMed id 15572273)1, 4 Bailer U....Aschauer H.N. (2005)
    9. The 3111T/C polymorphism of hClock is associated with evening preference and delayed sleep timing in a Japanese population sample. (PubMed id 15578592)1, 4 Mishima K....Mishima Y. (2005)
    10. Lack of association between the 3092 T-->C Clock gene polymorphism and cluster headache. (PubMed id 16232160)1, 4 Rainero I....Pinessi L. (2005)

    External Searches for CLOCK gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing CLOCK gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 9575 HGNC: 2082 AceView: CLOCK Ensembl:ENSG00000134852 euGenes: HUgn9575
    ECgene: CLOCK Kegg: 9575 H-InvDB: CLOCK

    Other Databases showing CLOCK gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    HUGE: KIAA0334

    Specialized Databases showing CLOCK gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for CLOCK Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    Intellectual Property
    for CLOCK gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for CLOCK gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving CLOCK

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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    About This Section

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     Regulatory tfbs in CLOCK promoter
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