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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

CIT Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 59
GCID: GC12M120123

citron (rho-interacting, serine/threonine kinase 21)

Explore 9 diseases affiliated with
CIT via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Citron (Rho-Interacting, Serine/Threonine Kinase 21)¹ ²		Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase 21² ³
CRIK¹ ² ³ ⁵		Citron Rho-Interacting Kinase²
STK21¹ ² ³ ⁵		EC 2.7.11.1³
KIAA0949¹ ³		EC 2.7.11⁸

External Ids:	HGNC: 1985¹	Entrez Gene: 11113²	Ensembl: ENSG00000122966⁷	OMIM: 605629⁵	UniProtKB: O14578³

Export aliases for CIT gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC12M118996 GC12M119650 GC12M119906 GC12M118535 GC12M118586 GC12M117131

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for CIT:

This gene encodes a serine/threonine-protein kinase that functions in cell division. Together with the kinesin KIF14,

this protein localizes to the central spindle and midbody, and functions to promote efficient cytokinesis. This

protein is involved in central nervous system development. Polymorphisms in this gene are associated with bipolar

disorder and risk for schizophrenia. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. (provided by

RefSeq, Aug 2011)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CTRO_HUMAN, O14578

Function: Plays a role in cytokinesis. Required for KIF14 localization to the central spindle and midbody. Putative

RHO/RAC effector that binds to the GTP-bound forms of RHO and RAC1. It probably binds p21 with a tighter specificity

in vivo. Dual specificity protein kinase activity catalyzing autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of exogenous

substrates on both serine/threonine and tyrosine residues. Plays an important role in the regulation of cytokinesis

and the development of the central nervous system. Phosphorylates MYL9/MLC2

Gene Wiki entry for CIT

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000012.11 NC_018923.1 NT_009775.17

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the CIT gene promoter:
NF-1 Elk-1 Bach2 POU3F2 (N-Oct-5b) POU3F2 (N-Oct-5a) POU3F2 E47 Gfi-1 POU2F1 POU2F1a
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 3): CIT promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for CIT

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat CIT

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 12q24 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 12q24.23 HGNC cytogenetic band: 12q24.23

CIT Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
CIT gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 12 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC12M120123: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	120,123,595 bp from pter	End:	120,315,095 bp from pter
Size:	191,501 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CTRO_HUMAN, O14578 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Citron Rho-interacting kinase

Size: 2027 amino acids; 231431 Da

Subunit: Directly interacts with KIF14 depending on the activation state (stronger interaction with the kinase-dead

form). Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with TTC3

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm (By similarity)

Sequence caution: Sequence=BAA76793.2; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally shortened;

Secondary accessions: Q2M5E1 Q6XUH8 Q86UQ9 Q9UPZ7

Alternative splicing: 4 isoforms: O14578-1 O14578-2 O14578-3 O14578-4 (No experimental confirmation available)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for CIT: NX_O14578

Post-translational modifications:

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_O14578

2 DME Specific Peptides for CIT (O14578)

YMAPEVL

HRDIKPEN

CIT Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts):

NP_001193928.1 NP_009105.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000376306 ENSP00000261833 ENSP00000376305 ENSP00000443199 ENSP00000446105

Human Recombinant Protein Products:

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	Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: CIT OriGene Custom Protein Services for CIT
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for CIT
	Novus Biologicals CIT Protein
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
	Uscn Proteins for CIT

Gene Ontology (GO): 4 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001726	ruffle	IEA	--
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	--	--
GO:0005773	vacuole	IEA	--
GO:0015629	actin cytoskeleton	IEA	--

CIT for ontologies About GeneDecksing

CIT Antibody Products:

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	GenScript Superior Antibodies for CIT
	Novus Biologicals CIT Antibodies
	Search for Antibodies for CIT at Abcam
	Uscn Antibodies for CIT
	Search ThermoFisher Antibodies for CIT

Assay Products for CIT:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for CIT
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for CIT

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

CIT for domains About GeneDecksing

5/12 InterPro domains/families (see all 12):

IPR017441 Protein_kinase_ATP_BS

IPR002290 Ser/Thr_dual-sp_kinase_dom

IPR017405 Citron_Rho-interacting_kinase

IPR011009 Kinase-like_dom

IPR017892 Pkinase_C

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry O14578

ProtoNet protein and cluster: O14578

3 Blocks protein families:

IPB000961 Protein kinase C-terminal domain

IPB001180 Citron-like

IPB001849 Pleckstrin-like

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CTRO_HUMAN, O14578

Similarity: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family

Similarity: Contains 1 AGC-kinase C-terminal domain

Similarity: Contains 1 CNH domain

Similarity: Contains 1 PH domain

Similarity: Contains 1 phorbol-ester/DAG-type zinc finger

Similarity: Contains 1 protein kinase domain

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CTRO_HUMAN, O14578

Function: Plays a role in cytokinesis. Required for KIF14 localization to the central spindle and midbody. Putative

RHO/RAC effector that binds to the GTP-bound forms of RHO and RAC1. It probably binds p21 with a tighter specificity

in vivo. Dual specificity protein kinase activity catalyzing autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of exogenous

substrates on both serine/threonine and tyrosine residues. Plays an important role in the regulation of cytokinesis

and the development of the central nervous system. Phosphorylates MYL9/MLC2

Catalytic activity: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein

Genatlas biochemistry entry for CIT:

citron,rho-interacting,serine/threonine kinase 21 with a restricted pattern of expression

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 2.7.11² EC 2.7.11.1¹

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: CIT Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat CIT
		8/71 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate CIT (see all 71):
		hsa-miR-4254 hsa-miR-106a hsa-miR-578 hsa-miR-30d hsa-miR-519a hsa-miR-502-3p hsa-miR-30a hsa-miR-93

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: CIT 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for CIT (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: CIT OriGene siRNA: CIT
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Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for CIT

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CIT (see all 4) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CIT OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 4): CIT (NM_004143)
		Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for CIT
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat CIT

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for CIT
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for CIT

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for CIT

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/8 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 8): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004672	protein kinase activity	--	--
GO:0004674	protein serine/threonine kinase activity	ISS	9792683
GO:0005083	small GTPase regulator activity	IEA	--
GO:0005515	protein binding	--	--
GO:0005524	ATP binding	IEA	--

CIT for ontologies About GeneDecksing

8 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for CIT:

Cell division defect	Decreased cell number	Decreased substrate adherent c	Increased cell death in breast
Increased colony dispersion (i	Increases Tamoxifen sensitivit	Paclitaxel antagonistic effect	Synthetic lethal with Ras

Animal Models:
8 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 2 alleles) (MGI details for Cit):

behavior/neurological	cellular	growth/size	mortality/aging	muscle
nervous system	reproductive system	skeleton

CIT for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

G13 Signaling Pathway

G13 Signaling Pathway

1.00

Rho Family GTPases

Rho Family GTPases

1.00

Sweet Taste Signaling

Sperm Motility

0.36

Actin Nucleation by ARP-WASP Complex

RhoA Pathway

0.35

3 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for CIT

	RhoA Pathway
	Rho Family GTPases
	Sperm Motility

1 BioSystems Pathway for CIT

G13 Signaling Pathway

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for CIT

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 18)

5/21 Interacting proteins for CIT (O14578^{2, 3} ENSP00000261833⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 21)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
MYL12A	P19105²^,³, ENSP00000217652⁴	MINT-8150240 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000217652
GRIN1	Q05586³, ENSP00000360616⁴	I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000360616
RHOA	P61586³, ENSP00000400175⁴	I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000400175
DISC1	Q9NRI5³, ENSP00000355596⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000355596
DLG4	P78352³, ENSP00000293813⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000293813

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/10 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 10): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0000070	mitotic sister chromatid segregation	IEA	--
GO:0000910	cytokinesis	--	--
GO:0007067	mitosis	ISS	11086988
GO:0007091	mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition	IEA	--
GO:0007283	spermatogenesis	IEA	--

CIT for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for CIT

10/846 HMDB Compounds for CIT (see all 846) About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
ADP	adenosindiphosphorsaeure (see all 8)	58-64-0	--
Adenosine triphosphate	5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) Adenosine (see all 24)	56-65-5	--
DG(14:0/14:0/0:0)	DAG(14:0/14:0) (see all 9)	--	--
DG(14:0/14:1(9Z)/0:0)	DAG(14:0/14:1) (see all 15)	--	--
DG(14:0/15:0/0:0)	Diacylglycerol(29:0) (see all 9)	--	--
DG(14:0/16:0/0:0)	DAG(30:0) (see all 9)	--	--
DG(14:0/16:1(9Z)/0:0)	DG(30:1) (see all 15)	--	--
DG(14:0/18:0/0:0)	DG(14:0/18:0) (see all 9)	--	--
DG(14:0/18:1(11Z)/0:0)	Diacylglycerol (see all 15)	--	--
DG(14:0/18:1(9Z)/0:0)	1-myristoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol (see all 15)	--	--

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about CIT / CTRO

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for CIT gene (2 alternative transcripts):

NM_001206999.1 NM_007174.2

Unigene Cluster for CIT:

Citron (rho-interacting, serine/threonine kinase 21)

Hs.119594 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001206999

18 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000392521(uc001txj.2 uc001txi.2) ENST00000261833 ENST00000545913(uc001txh.2)

ENST00000392520 ENST00000537607 ENST00000544872 ENST00000469414 ENST00000538073

ENST00000543324 ENST00000544800 ENST00000543239 ENST00000536008 ENST00000544588

ENST00000536325 ENST00000546026 ENST00000541841 ENST00000488203 ENST00000539413

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: CIT Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat CIT
		8/71 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate CIT (see all 71):
		hsa-miR-4254 hsa-miR-106a hsa-miR-578 hsa-miR-30d hsa-miR-519a hsa-miR-502-3p hsa-miR-30a hsa-miR-93

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: CIT 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for CIT (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: CIT OriGene siRNA: CIT
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat CIT

Clone Products:		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CIT (see all 4) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CIT OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 4): CIT (NM_004143)
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for CIT
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat CIT

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for CIT Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
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		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat CIT

Additional cDNA sequence:

AB023166.2 AY209000.1 AY257469.1 AY681966.1 BC008127.1 BC047647.1

17 DOTS entries:

DT.315805 DT.40313426 DT.91751844 DT.91727375 DT.92425326 DT.100782764 DT.206074 DT.206211

DT.92062035 DT.100763091 DT.121153912 DT.121153933 DT.91882000 DT.97791921 DT.100656489 DT.102827490

DT.40108584

8 AceView cDNA sequences:

AB023166 AY257469 NM_007174 BC008127 BC047647 AK123136 AY209000 D16893

GeneLoc Exon Structure

5/13 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for CIT (see all 13) About this scheme

ExUns:	1	^	2	^	3	^	4	^	5	^	6	^	7	^	8	^	9	^	10	^	11a	·	11b	^	12a	·	12b	^	13a	·	13b	^	14	^	15	^	16	^	17	^	18	^	19	^	20	^	21	^	22	^	23	^
SP1:																			-		-																						-
SP2:
SP3:
SP4:
SP5:

ExUns:	24	^	25a	·	25b	^	26a	·	26b	^	27	^	28	^	29	^	30	^	31	^	32a	·	32b	^	33	^	34a	·	34b	^	35a	·	35b	·	35c	^	36a	·	36b	^	37	^	38a	·	38b	^	39a	·	39b	·	39c	^
SP1:			-																		-										-		-						-								-		-
SP2:
SP3:
SP4:																																							-
SP5:

ExUns:	40a	·	40b	^	41	^	42	^	43a	·	43b	^	44	^	45	^	46a	·	46b	·	46c	^	47	^	48a	·	48b	·	48c	·	48d	^	49
SP1:																	-		-
SP2:
SP3:																	-		-
SP4:
SP5:	-		-

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for CIT

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

CIT expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: AGAAATGGGC

About this image

CIT expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

1 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartment/Cell

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Adipose

Body Subcutaneous White Adipose

Adipose

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

See CIT Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for CIT

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.119594

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Array including CIT:

Cytoskeleton Regulators in human mouse rat

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for CIT Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat CIT
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		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat CIT

In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for CIT

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

Orthologs for CIT gene from 5/19 species (see all 19) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	CIT¹	citron (rho-interacting, serine/threonine kinase 21)	80.22(n) 90.28(a)		416984 XM_415277.3 XP_415277.3
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	CIT⁶	--	88(a)	1 ↔ 1	GL343338.1(278336-341912)
tropical clawed frog (Xenopus tropicalis)	Amphibia	Str.11915²	Transcribed sequence with moderate similarity to protein more	75.64(n)		BX723780.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	BI563054.1²	--	76.82(n)		BI563054.1
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	CG10522³ sti¹	protein amino acid phosphorylation protein serine/threonine more³ sticky¹	30(a)³ 44.62(n)¹ 31.56(a)¹		69C4³ 39429¹ NM_140327.1¹ NP_648584.1¹

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for CIT (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for CIT (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for CIT gene

CDC42BPG² DMPK² LATS1² STK38L² CDC42BPB² STK38² ROCK1² LATS2²

CDC42BPA² ROCK2²

18 SIMAP similar genes for CIT using alignment to 4 protein entries: CTRO_HUMAN (see all proteins):

RPS6KA2 RPS6KA3 SGK3 STK38L PDPK1 PRKACA

PKN1 PNCK PRKY MAST1 PRKAA1 PRKACB

PRKACG PRKX AKT3 SGK2 SGK1 STK38

CIT for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 12 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs77044697^1,2	C,	--	117131692(+)	`GTCTCT/GCAAAA`	2	--	ds500¹		2		WA	120
rs79618894^1,2		--	117131706(+)	`GAAGAG/AGTCAT`	2	--	ds500¹		1		EA	120
rs60839947^1,2	C,F,	--	117132319(+)	`GGGACG/AGGAGG`	2	--	ut3¹		3		WA CSA	122
rs112761399^1,2		--	117132525(+)	`AAACAC/AGGTCA`	2	--	ut3¹		1		CSA	2
rs112436800^1,2	C,	--	117132682(+)	`GCTTGC/TCAACT`	2	--	ut3¹		2		CSA WA	120
rs278123^1,2	C,F,O,A,H,	--	117132710(+)	`GTTCTG/ATACCA`	2	--	ut3¹ ese³		25		MN NA NS EA WA CSA	2293
rs60243987^1,2	C,F,	--	117133279(+)	`ACCCCG/AAGACC`	2	--	ut3¹		1		WA	118
rs12425960^1,2	C,H,	--	117133968(+)	`GGCACT/CGGGCG`	2	--	ut3¹ ese³		1		NA	2
rs201195783^1,2	C	--	117134204(+)	`TGAAAG/TAAGGA`	2	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs60420725^1,2	C	--	117134213(+)	`AGGAG-/GAGTGTTA`	2	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for CIT (120123595 - 120315095 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for CIT: --

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(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

CIT for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 605629    OMIM disorders: --

9 diseases for CIT:    About MalaCards

bipolar disorder down syndrome critical region schizophrenia myotonic dystrophy

down syndrome hepatocellular carcinoma neuropathy carcinoma

neuronitis

Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: CIT (18 documents)

Export disorders for CIT gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for CIT gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 44):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with CIT)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Dissecting the role of Rho-mediated signaling in contractile ring formation. (PubMed id 16236794)^{1, 2} Kamijo K....Miki T. (2006)
KIF14 and citron kinase act together to promote efficient cytokinesis. (PubMed id 16431929)^{1, 2} Gruneberg U.... Barr F.A. (2006)
The finished DNA sequence of human chromosome 12. (PubMed id 16541075)^{1, 2} Scherer S.E.... Gibbs R.A. (2006)
Evidence of association between bipolar disorder and Citron on chromosome 12q24. (PubMed id 15983625)^{1, 2} Lyons-Warren A.... Sawa A. (2005)
Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XIII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro. (PubMed id 10231032)^{1, 2} Nagase T.... Ohara O. (1999)
Citron rho-interacting kinase, a novel tissue-specific ser/thr kinase encompassing the Rho-Rac-binding protein Citron. (PubMed id 9792683)^{1, 3} Di Cunto F....Dotto G.P. (1998)
A census of human soluble protein complexes. (PubMed id 22939629)¹ Havugimana P.C....Emili A. (2012)
p27(Kip1) controls cytokinesis via the regulation of c itron kinase activation. (PubMed id 22293177)¹ Serres M.P....Besson A. (2012)
Initial characterization of the human central proteome. (PubMed id 21269460)² Burkard T.R.... Colinge J. (2011)
Mass spectrometric analysis of lysine ubiquitylation r eveals promiscuity at site level. (PubMed id 21139048)¹ Danielsen J.M....Nielsen M.L. (2011)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Free Text

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(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 11113	HGNC: 1985	AceView: CIT	Ensembl:ENSG00000122966	euGenes: HUgn11113
ECgene: CIT	H-InvDB: CIT

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

HUGE: KIAA0949

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for CIT	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

Intellectual Property for CIT gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

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Patent Information for CIT gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving CIT

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences),
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citron (rho-interacting, serine/threonine kinase 21)

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