Aliases for CHRNG Gene
Aliases for CHRNG Gene
- Cholinergic Receptor Nicotinic Gamma Subunit 2 3 5
- Acetylcholine Receptor, Nicotinic, Gamma (Muscle) 2 3
- Cholinergic Receptor, Nicotinic, Gamma (Muscle) 2 3
- Cholinergic Receptor, Nicotinic Gamma 2 3
- ACHRG 3 4
- Cholinergic Receptor, Nicotinic, Gamma Polypeptide 3
- Acetylcholine Receptor, Muscle, Gamma Subunit 3
- Cholinergic Receptor, Nicotinic, Gamma 2
- Acetylcholine Receptor Subunit Gamma 3
External Ids for CHRNG Gene
- HGNC: 1967
- Entrez Gene: 1146
- Ensembl: ENSG00000196811
- OMIM: 100730
- UniProtKB: P07510
Previous HGNC Symbols for CHRNG Gene
- ACHRG
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for CHRNG Gene
- GC02P231461
- GC02P232133
- GC02P233368
- GC02P233606
- GC02P233229
- GC02P233112
- GC02P233404
- GC02P225255
Summaries for CHRNG Gene
-
The mammalian muscle-type acetylcholine receptor is a transmembrane pentameric glycoprotein with two alpha subunits, one beta, one delta, and one epsilon (in adult skeletal muscle) or gamma (in fetal and denervated muscle) subunit. This gene, which encodes the gamma subunit, is expressed prior to the thirty-third week of gestation in humans. The gamma subunit of the acetylcholine receptor plays a role in neuromuscular organogenesis and ligand binding and disruption of gamma subunit expression prevents the correct localization of the receptor in cell membranes. Mutations in this gene cause Escobar syndrome and a lethal form of multiple pterygium syndrome. Muscle-type acetylcholine receptor is the major antigen in the autoimmune disease myasthenia gravis.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]
GeneCards Summary for CHRNG Gene
CHRNG (Cholinergic Receptor Nicotinic Gamma Subunit) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CHRNG include Escobar Syndrome and Multiple Pterygium Syndrome, Lethal Type. Among its related pathways are Activation of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors and Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency. GO annotations related to this gene include extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity and channel activity. An important paralog of this gene is CHRNE.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for CHRNG Gene
-
After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane.
No data available for CIViC summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for CHRNG Gene
Genomics for CHRNG Gene
Regulatory Elements for CHRNG Gene
| GeneHancer Identifier | Enhancer Score | Enhancer Sources | Gene-Enhancer Score | TSS distance (kb) | Number of Genes Away | Size (kb) | Transcription Factor Binding Sites within enhancer | Gene Targets for Enhancer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GH02G232521 | 1.2 | Ensembl ENCODE | 21.3 | -14.2 | -14199 | 8.5 | MLX ARID4B SIN3A DMAP1 ZNF2 ZNF48 YY1 ZNF143 SP5 REST | CHRNG PRSS56 CHRND TIGD1 EIF4E2 SCARNA5 |
| GH02G232538 | 0.9 | Ensembl ENCODE | 22.4 | +0.0 | 6 | 2.3 | CTCF TRIM22 ZNF394 REST ZNF398 ZIC2 RAD21 ZFHX2 POLR2A GLIS1 | CHRNG EIF4E2 |
| GH02G232537 | 0.5 | ENCODE | 26 | -2.2 | -2201 | 0.7 | CTCF ZNF143 RAD21 | CHRNG CHRND |
| GH02G232549 | 1.1 | ENCODE | 8.1 | +11.0 | 11024 | 2.5 | HDGF HNRNPUL1 PKNOX1 MLX ARNT CREB3L1 ZFP64 WRNIP1 ARID4B SIN3A | TIGD1 CHRNG PRSS56 PIR51534 |
| GH02G232500 | 1.4 | FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE | 5.6 | -37.4 | -37381 | 3.3 | ATF1 SUZ12 ZMYM3 BRCA1 POLR2A EGR1 NFE2 CREM EZH2 STAT1 | TIGD1 CHRNG PRSS56 ECEL1 ALPP ALPI GIGYF2 |
Regulatory Element Products
Genomic Location for CHRNG Gene
- Chromosome:
- 2
- Start:
- 232,539,727 bp from pter
- End:
- 232,546,403 bp from pter
- Size:
- 6,677 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
Genomic View for CHRNG Gene
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 2q37.1 by Ensembl
- 2q37.1 by Entrez Gene
- 2q37.1 by HGNC
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for CHRNG Gene
Proteins for CHRNG Gene
-
Protein details for CHRNG Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- P07510-ACHG_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Acetylcholine receptor subunit gamma
- Protein Accession:
- P07510
- B3KWM8
- Q14DU4
- Q53RG2
Protein attributes for CHRNG Gene
- Size:
- 517 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 57883 Da
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Pentamer of two alpha chains, and one each of the beta, delta, and gamma (in immature muscle) or epsilon (in mature muscle) chains.
- SequenceCaution:
-
- Sequence=AAY24103.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; Sequence=CAA25861.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
Protein Expression for CHRNG Gene
Post-translational modifications for CHRNG Gene
Other Protein References for CHRNG Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- EMD Millipore Complete listing of Mono and Polychlonal Antibodies for CHRNG
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-
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- Invitrogen Antibodies for CHRNG
- antibodies-online Antibodies for CHRNG: See all 32
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-
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Protein Products
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Assay Products
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No data available for DME Specific Peptides for CHRNG Gene
Domains & Families for CHRNG Gene
Gene Families for CHRNG Gene
- HGNC:
- IUPHAR :
Protein Domains for CHRNG Gene
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for CHRNG Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
P07510UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:
ACHG_HUMAN :- Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Acetylcholine receptor (TC 1.A.9.1) subfamily. Gamma/CHRNG sub-subfamily.
- Family:
-
- Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Acetylcholine receptor (TC 1.A.9.1) subfamily. Gamma/CHRNG sub-subfamily.
Function for CHRNG Gene
Molecular function for CHRNG Gene
- GENATLAS Biochemistry:
- cholinergic receptor,nicotinic,gamma polypeptide
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane.
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005230 | extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005515 | protein binding | IPI | 25416956 |
| GO:0015267 | channel activity | TAS | 3967651 |
| GO:0015276 | ligand-gated ion channel activity | TAS | -- |
| GO:0015464 | acetylcholine receptor activity | TAS | 3967651 |
Phenotypes for CHRNG Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for CHRNG:
- inferred from 4 alleles
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for CHRNG:
-
- Decreased hepcidin::fluc mRNA expression
- Negative genetic interaction between MUS81-/- and MUS81+/+
- Mildly decreased CFP-tsO45G cell surface transport
- Decreased viability in esophageal squamous lineage
- Dynamic nuclei (hole, folded or small irregular)
- Increased transferrin (TF) endocytosis
- Decreased viability after Maraba virus infection
- Increased HPV16-GFP infection
- Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)
- Decreased shRNA abundance (Z-score < -2)
Animal Model Products
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-
-
ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for CHRNG gene
-
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- Search ViGene Biosciences for CHRNG
CRISPR Products
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OriGene CRISPR knockouts for CHRNG
-
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miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for CHRNG
Inhibitory RNA Products
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-
VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
Cell Line Products
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Flow Cytometry Products
No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , miRNA , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for CHRNG Gene
Localization for CHRNG Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for CHRNG Gene
- Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005886 | plasma membrane | TAS | -- |
| GO:0005887 | integral component of plasma membrane | TAS | 3967651 |
| GO:0005892 | acetylcholine-gated channel complex | IBA | -- |
| GO:0016020 | membrane | IEA | -- |
| GO:0016021 | integral component of membrane | IEA | -- |
Pathways & Interactions for CHRNG Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Activation of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors | ||
| 2 | Transmission across Chemical Synapses |
.62
|
|
| 3 | Peptide ligand-binding receptors | ||
| 4 | Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency |
.48
|
|
| 5 | CREB Pathway | ||
Pathways by source for CHRNG Gene
8 Reactome pathways for CHRNG Gene
1 KEGG pathway for CHRNG Gene
2 Qiagen pathways for CHRNG Gene
Interacting Proteins for CHRNG Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0006810 | transport | TAS | 3967651 |
| GO:0006811 | ion transport | IEA | -- |
| GO:0006936 | muscle contraction | TAS | 8040310 |
| GO:0007165 | signal transduction | TAS | 3967651 |
| GO:0007271 | synaptic transmission, cholinergic | IBA | -- |
No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for CHRNG Gene
Drugs & Compounds for CHRNG Gene
| Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Galantamine | Approved | Pharma | Target, allosteric modulator | 106 |
Transcripts for CHRNG Gene
mRNA/cDNA for CHRNG Gene
- (1) REFSEQ mRNAs :
- (3) Additional mRNA sequences :
- (15) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
- (3) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :
Unigene Clusters for CHRNG Gene
CRISPR Products
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OriGene CRISPR knockouts for CHRNG
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miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for CHRNG
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shRNA, siRNA, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for CHRNG
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Clone Products
-
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- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for CHRNG
- VectorBuilder custom lentivirus, adenovirus, AAV vector/virus packaging for CHRNG
-
VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
Flow Cytometry Products
Expression for CHRNG Gene
mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery
-
Skeletal Muscle (Muscoskeletal System)
- Mononuclear Myocytes Hyoid Arch Muscles
- Mononuclear Myocytes Mandibular Arch Muscles
- Thoracic Back Muscles
- Lumbar Back Muscles
- Vertebral Column Muscles
- Somite (Muscoskeletal System)
- Limb (Muscoskeletal System)
- Gut Tube (Gastrointestinal Tract)
- Eye (Sensory Organs)
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for CHRNG Gene
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, PaxDb, and MOPED for CHRNG Gene
NURSA nuclear receptor signaling pathways regulating expression of CHRNG Gene:
CHRNGSOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for CHRNG Gene:
Hs.248101Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for CHRNG Gene
- Muscle(4.4)
Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for CHRNG Gene
- ectoderm
- endoderm
- mesoderm
- cardiovascular
- digestive
- immune
- integumentary
- lymphatic
- nervous
- reproductive
- respiratory
- skeletal muscle
- skeleton
- urinary
- brain
- cerebellum
- cheek
- chin
- ear
- eye
- eyelid
- face
- head
- jaw
- lip
- mandible
- maxilla
- middle ear
- mouth
- neck
- nose
- outer ear
- skull
- breast
- chest wall
- clavicle
- diaphragm
- heart
- heart valve
- lung
- rib
- rib cage
- sternum
- abdominal wall
- intestine
- kidney
- large intestine
- liver
- small intestine
- stomach
- pelvis
- penis
- placenta
- testicle
- urethra
- uterus
- vulva
- ankle
- arm
- digit
- elbow
- femur
- finger
- foot
- forearm
- hand
- hip
- knee
- lower limb
- radius
- shin
- shoulder
- thigh
- toe
- upper limb
- wrist
- blood vessel
- hair
- lymph vessel
- skin
- spinal column
- vertebrae
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for CHRNG
No data available for mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for CHRNG Gene
Orthologs for CHRNG Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | CHRNG 34 35 |
|
||
| dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | CHRNG 34 35 |
|
||
| cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | CHRNG 34 35 |
|
||
| mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Chrng 34 16 35 |
|
||
| rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Chrng 34 |
|
||
| platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | CHRNG 35 |
|
OneToOne | |
| oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | CHRNG 35 |
|
OneToOne | |
| chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | CHRNG 34 35 |
|
||
| lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | CHRNG 35 |
|
OneToOne | |
| tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | chrng 34 |
|
||
| African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) |
Amphibia | LOC386669 34 |
|
||
| zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | LOC100536659 34 |
|
||
| chrng 35 |
|
OneToOne | |||
| wufc54e06 34 |
|
||||
| fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | nAcRbeta-64B 35 |
|
OneToMany | |
| worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea | acr-3 35 |
|
ManyToMany | |
| lev-1 35 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| unc-29 35 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| acr-2 35 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| sea squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | -- 35 |
|
OneToMany |
- Species where no ortholog for CHRNG was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
- malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- pig (Sus scrofa)
- rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- rice (Oryza sativa)
- rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- soybean (Glycine max)
- stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Paralogs for CHRNG Gene
Paralogs for CHRNG Gene
(14) SIMAP similar genes for CHRNG Gene using alignment to 3 proteins:
Variants for CHRNG Gene
| SNP ID | Clin | Chr 02 pos | Sequence Context | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs121912670 | Pathogenic, Multiple pterygium syndrome, lethal type (LMPS) [MIM:253290], Multiple pterygium syndrome, Escobar variant (EVMPS) [MIM:265000] | 232,542,992(+) | TCCAG(C/T)GCAAG | reference, missense | |
| rs267606726 | Pathogenic, Multiple pterygium syndrome, Escobar variant (EVMPS) [MIM:265000], Multiple pterygium syndrome, lethal type (LMPS) [MIM:253290] | 232,540,681(+) | CATGG(G/T)GTGGC | reference, missense | |
| rs121912671 | Pathogenic | 232,545,570(+) | TGGGC(C/T)GAGTG | reference, stop-gained | |
| rs121912672 | Pathogenic | 232,540,072(+) | CGGAA(C/T)GAGAC | reference, stop-gained | |
| rs267606725 | Pathogenic | 232,539,760(+) | GGGGC(C/T)AGGGG | reference, stop-gained |
Relevant External Links for CHRNG Gene
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for CHRNG Gene
Disorders for CHRNG Gene
(13) MalaCards diseases for CHRNG Gene - From: OMIM, ClinVar, GeneTests, Orphanet, Swiss-Prot, DISEASES, and GeneCards
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| escobar syndrome |
|
|
| multiple pterygium syndrome, lethal type |
|
|
| chrng-related disorders |
|
|
| neonatal myasthenia gravis |
|
|
| myasthenia gravis |
|
|
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
ACHG_HUMAN- Multiple pterygium syndrome, Escobar variant (EVMPS) [MIM:265000]: Non-lethal form of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita. It is an autosomal recessive condition characterized by excessive webbing (pterygia), congenital contractures (arthrogryposis), and scoliosis. Variable other features include intrauterine death, congenital respiratory distress, short stature, faciocranial dysmorphism, ptosis, low-set ears, arachnodactyly and cryptorchism in males. Congenital contractures are common and may be caused by reduced fetal movements at sensitive times of development. Possible causes of decreased fetal mobility include space constraints such as oligohydramnion, drugs, metabolic conditions or neuromuscular disorders including myasthenia gravis. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:16826520, ECO:0000269 PubMed:16826531}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
- Multiple pterygium syndrome, lethal type (LMPS) [MIM:253290]: Multiple pterygia are found infrequently in children with arthrogryposis and in fetuses with fetal akinesia syndrome. In lethal multiple pterygium syndrome there is intrauterine growth retardation, multiple pterygia, and flexion contractures causing severe arthrogryposis and fetal akinesia. Subcutaneous edema can be severe, causing fetal hydrops with cystic hygroma and lung hypoplasia. Oligohydramnios and facial anomalies are frequent. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:16826520, ECO:0000269 PubMed:16826531}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Relevant External Links for CHRNG
No data available for Genatlas for CHRNG Gene
Publications for CHRNG Gene
- Escobar syndrome is a prenatal myasthenia caused by disruption of the acetylcholine receptor fetal gamma subunit. (PMID: 16826520) Hoffmann K. … Mundlos S. (Am. J. Hum. Genet. 2006) 3 4 22 64
- Multiple cholinergic nicotinic receptor genes affect nicotine dependence risk in African and European Americans. (PMID: 20584212) Saccone N.L. … Bierut L.J. (Genes Brain Behav. 2010) 3 46 64
- A large-scale candidate gene association study of age at menarche and age at natural menopause. (PMID: 20734064) He C. … Hunter D.J. (Hum. Genet. 2010) 3 46 64
- Identification of new putative susceptibility genes for several psychiatric disorders by association analysis of regulatory and non-synonymous SNPs of 306 genes involved in neurotransmission and neurodevelopment. (PMID: 19086053) GratacA^s M. … Carracedo A. (Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. 2009) 3 46 64
- Multiple distinct risk loci for nicotine dependence identified by dense coverage of the complete family of nicotinic receptor subunit (CHRN) genes. (PMID: 19259974) Saccone N.L. … Bierut L.J. (Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. 2009) 3 46 64
Products for CHRNG Gene
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- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for CHRNG
- Horizon Cell Lines for CHRNG
- Cyagen custom Knockout/knockin (KOKI) mouse models for CHRNG
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for CHRNG
- VectorBuilder custom lentivirus, adenovirus, AAV vector/virus packaging for CHRNG
- VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
Sources for CHRNG Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) EntrezGene
- (4) Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) GO
- (12) TrEMBL
- (13) InterPro
- (14) ProtoNet
- (15) Blocks
- (16) MGI
- (17) IUBMB
- (18) KEGG
- (19) MINT
- (20) STRING
- (21) IntAct
- (22) Novoseek
- (23) PharmGKB
- (24) DrugBank
- (25) HMDB
- (26) UniGene
- (27) AceView
- (28) RNAdb
- (29) ASD
- (30) ECgene
- (31) GeneAnnot
- (32) CGAP SAGE
- (33) SOURCE
- (34) HomoloGene
- (35) PanEnsembl
- (36) euGenes
- (37) SGD
- (38) FlyBase
- (39) WormBase
- (40) Pseudogene
- (41) DGV
- (42) dbSNP
- (43) GenAtlas
- (44) GeneTests
- (45) HGMD
- (46) GAD
- (47) LSDB
- (48) BGMUT
- (49) HuGE
- (50) eBioscience
- (51) Atlas
- (52) Cell Signaling Technology
- (53) GenBank
- (54) H-invDB
- (55) HORDE
- (56) HUGE
- (57) IMGT
- (58) Leiden
- (59) MILLIPORE
- (60) miRBase
- (61) DME
- (62) NCBI
- (63) OriGene
- (64) PubMed
- (65) R&D Systems
- (66) TGDB
- (67) Tocris
- (68) Abcam
- (69) Novus
- (70) ProSpec
- (71) Sino Biological
- (72) GenScript
- (73) Qiagen
- (74) Cloud-Clone Corp.
- (75) Enzo Life Sciences
- (76) OCA
- (77) Proteopedia
- (78) MOPED
- (79) SPIRE
- (80) neXtProt
- (81) Reactome
- (82) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (83) fRNAdb
- (84) DISEASES
- (85) SIMAP
- (86) GenomeRNAi
- (87) LifeMap
- (88) miRTarBase
- (89) MalaCards
- (90) Invitrogen
- (91) BitterDB
- (92) Vector BioLabs
- (93) ESI-BIO
- (94) RefSeq
- (95) BioSystems
- (96) MaxQB
- (97) IUPHAR
- (98) BioGPS
- (99) Illumina
- (100) COMPARTMENTS
- (101) HOMER
- (102) PaxDb
- (103) ApexBio
- (104) Addgene
- (105) antibodies-online
- (106) CYP
- (107) NONCODE
- (108) SwitchGear Genomics
- (109) TreeFam
- (110) PathCards
- (111) GeneReviews
- (112) GeneTex
- (113) Taconic Biosciences
- (114) GTEx
- (115) ProteomicsDB
- (116) SCBT
- (117) DGIdb
- (118) ClinicalTrials
- (119) FDA Approved Drugs
- (120) RVIS
- (121) SIGNOR
- (122) diseasecard
- (123) NIH Rare Diseases
- (124) Orphanet
- (125) UMLS
- (126) GTR
- (127) Disease Ontology
- (128) Genetics Home Reference
- (129) MeSH
- (130) MedlinePlus
- (131) CDC
- (132) NINDS
- (133) NCBI Bookshelf
- (134) ClinVar
- (135) Gene Damage Index
- (136) ViGene Biosciences
- (137) HPO
- (138) UDN
- (139) VISTA
- (140) FANTOM5
- (141) ENCODE
- (142) ProSci
- (143) Horizon
- (144) NURSA
- (145) IID
- (146) Cyagen
- (147) VectorBuilder
- (148) SNPedia
- (149) BRCA Exchange
- (150) St John's Lab
- (151) CIViC
- (152) ProteoGenix
- (153) dbSUPER
- (154) TISSUES
- (155) Gene ORGANizer




