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CD59 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 68

GC11M033681

CD59 molecule, complement regulatory protein
(Previous names: CD59 antigen p18-20 (antigen identified by monoclonal antibodies 16.3A5, EJ16, EJ30, EL32 and G344), CD59 antigen, complement regulatory protein )
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database
(Previous symbols: MIC11, MIN1, MSK21, MIN2, MIN3)

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc , and/or ⁷Ensembl, ⁸miRBase)
About This Section

Aliases
16.3A5 ^¹, ²
1F5 ^²
EJ16 ^¹, ²
EJ30 ^¹, ²
EL32 ^¹, ²
FLJ38134 ^²
FLJ92039 ^²
G344 ^¹, ²
HRF-20 ^², ³
HRF20 ^², ³
MAC-IP ^², ³
MACIF ^², ³
MEM43 ^²
MGC2354 ^²
MIC11 ^², ³, ⁵
MIN1 ^², ³
MIN2 ^², ³
MIN3 ^², ³
MIRL ^², ³
MSK21 ^², ³
Protectin ^³
p18-20 ^¹, ²
protectin ^²

Descriptions
1F5 antigen ^³
20 kDa homologous restriction factor ^², ³
CD59 antigen ^², ³
CD59 antigen p18-20 (antigen identified by monoclonal antibodies 16.3A5, EJ16, EJ30, EL32 and G344) ^¹, ²
CD59 antigen, complement regulatory protein ^¹
CD59 glycoprotein ^²
CD59 molecule, complement regulatory protein ^²
Ly-6-like protein ^²
MAC-inhibitory protein ^³
MEM43 antigen ^³
Membrane attack complex inhibition factor ^³
Membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis ^², ³
T cell-activating protein ^²
human leukocyte antigen MIC11 ^²
lymphocytic antigen CD59/MEM43 ^²
membrane attack complex (MAC) inhibition factor ^²
surface anitgen recognized by monoclonal antibody 16.3A5 ^²

External Ids
HGNC: 1689¹
Entrez Gene: 966²
UniProtKB: P13987³
Ensembl: ENSG00000085063⁷

Search outside databases for aliases for CD59 gene

Previous GC identifers: GC11M035262 GC11M034408 GC11M033758 GC11M033694 GC11M033688

(According to Entrez Gene, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

EntrezGene summary for CD59:

This gene encodes a cell surface glycoprotein that regulates complement-mediated cell lysis, and it

is involved in lymphocyte signal transduction. This protein is a potent inhibitor of the

complement membrane attack complex, whereby it binds complement C8 and/or C9 during the assembly

of this complex, thereby inhibiting the incorporation of multiple copies of C9 into the complex,

which is necessary for osmolytic pore formation. This protein also plays a role in signal

transduction pathways in the activation of T cells. Mutations in this gene cause CD59 deficiency,

a disease resulting in hemolytic anemia and thrombosis, and which causes cerebral infarction.

Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants, which encode the same protein, have been

identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq]

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CD59_HUMAN, P13987

Function: The soluble form from urine retains its specific complement binding activity, but

exhibits greatly reduced ability to inhibit MAC assembly on cell membranes

Gene Wiki entry for CD59

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 36),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC and Ensembl, Transcription factor binding sites according to SABiosciences)
About This Section

Genomic View:

UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Transcription factor binding sites upstream to the CD59 gene

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 11p13 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 11p13 HGNC cytogenetic band: 11p13

CD59 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 11 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC11M033681: (about GC identifiers)

Start:	33,681,132 bp from pter
End:	33,714,600 bp from pter
Size:	33,469 bases
Orientation:	minus strand

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000011.8 NT_009237.17

(According to ¹UniProtKB, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to ²Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Enzo Life Sciences, Abnova, OriGene and/or, Abcam,
Biochemical Assays by Invitrogen, Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, and/or Enzo Life Sciences, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Abnova, and/or Novus Biologicals)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CD59_HUMAN, P13987 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: CD59 glycoprotein precursor

Size: 128 amino acids; 14177 Da

Subunit: Interacts with T-cell surface antigen CD2

Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor. Secreted. Note=Soluble form found in

a number of tissues

PDB structures from and Proteopedia :

1CDQ (3D)

1CDR (3D)

1CDS (3D)

1ERG (3D)

1ERH (3D)

2J8B (3D)

2OFS (3D)

2UWR (3D)

2UX2 (3D)

Post-translational modifications:

N- and O-glycosylated. The N-glycosylation mainly consists of a family of biantennary complex-type

structures with and without lactosamine extensions and outer arm fucose residues. Also significant

amounts of triantennary complexes (22%). Variable sialylation also present in the Asn-43

oligosaccharide. The predominant O-glycans are mono-sialylated forms of the disaccharide,

Gal-beta-1,3GalNAc, and their sites of attachment are probably on Thr-76 and Thr-77. The

GPI-anchor of soluble urinary CD59 has no inositol-associated phospholipid, but is composed of

seven different GPI-anchor variants of one or more monosaccharide units. Major variants contain

sialic acid, mannose and glucosamine Sialic acid linked to an N-acetylhexosamine-galactose arm is

present in two variants¹

Glycated. Glycation is found in diabetic subjects, but only at minimal levels in nondiabetic

subjects. Glycated CD59 lacks MAC-inhibitory function and confers to vascular complications of

diabetes¹

REFSEQ proteins (8 alternative transcripts):

NP_000602.1 NP_001120695.1 NP_001120697.1 NP_001120698.1 NP_001120699.1 NP_976074.1 NP_976075.1 NP_976076.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000340210 ENSP00000379191

Human Recombinant Proteins

	Browse Drug Discovery Central at Invitrogen for human recombinant proteins
	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at Millipore
	Browse Human Recombinant Proteins at Sigma-Aldrich
	Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	Recombinant Proteins from Abcam (CD59)
	Human Recombinant Proteins from Abnova (CD59)

Browse Origene for full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells

5 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component terms (links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	IEA	--
GO:0005624	membrane fraction	TAS	1381503
GO:0005886	plasma membrane	NAS	1381503
GO:0031225	anchored to membrane	IEA	--
GO:0031362	anchored to external side of plasma membrane	IDA	9724629

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Antibodies for CD59:

	Invitrogen Antibodies for CD59
	Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of CD59
	Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for CD59
	R&D Systems Antibodies for CD59
	Antibodies from Abcam (CD59), each with their Abpromise^SM
	Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies from Abnova (CD59)
	Novus Biologicals Antibodies for CD59

Assays for CD59:

	Browse Invitrogen for biochemical assays
	Browse Kits and Assays available from Millipore
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	Browse biochemical assays available from Enzo Life Sciences

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P13987

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P13987

1 Blocks protein family: IPB001526 CD59 antigen

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CD59_HUMAN, P13987

Similarity: Contains 1 UPAR/Ly6 domain

(According to MGI Jun 06 2009, UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas,
shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Sigma-Aldrich,
RNAi Products, Clones, and Q-PCR Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, OriGene, and/or Abnova, siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, SYBR primers from OriGene, Cell-based Assays from Millipore, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (CD59)
		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (CD59)

OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vectors (see all 8): NM_203329

Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs for CD59

Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for CD59

Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for CD59

Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs

Clones:		Invitrogen Clones for CD59
		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore

OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 8): NM_000611
Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 8): NM_000611
untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 8): NM_000611

Primers:

Browse Quantitative PCR Central at Invitrogen for Q-PCR LUX™ Primers

OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: NM_000611

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CD59_HUMAN, P13987

Function: Potent inhibitor of the complement membrane attack complex (MAC) action. Acts by binding

to the C8 and/or C9 complements of the assembling MAC, thereby preventing incorporation of the

multiple copies of C9 required for complete formation of the osmolytic pore. This inhibitor

appears to be species-specific. Involved in signal transduction for T-cell activation complexed to

a protein tyrosine kinase

Function: The soluble form from urine retains its specific complement binding activity, but

exhibits greatly reduced ability to inhibit MAC assembly on cell membranes

Genatlas biochemistry entry for CD59:

cell differentiation antigen CD59 (gp18),18-20kDa,glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) linked

membrane glycoprotein,identified by monoclonal antibodies YTH53.1,MEM-43 (protectin)

4 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 1 allele) (MGI details for Cd59b):

hematopoietic system

homeostasis/metabolism

renal/urinary system

reproductive system

1 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function term (links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	12577067

About this table

(Pathways according to Invitrogen (maps by GeneGo), Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, and/or ³STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

1 Sigma-Aldrich "Your Favorite Gene" Pathway for CD59 (Your Favorite Gene powered by Ingenuity)

Complement System

GeneDecks CD59 for the pathways selected above

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Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for CD59

5/49 Interacting proteins for CD59 (ENSP00000340210³ P13987^{1, 2}) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING (see all 49 )

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
EGFR	P00533¹	EBI-297972, EBI-297353
GRB2	P62993²	MINT-61560
SMAD4	Q13485²	MINT-61968
C9	ENSP00000263408³	STRING (score=.973)
CD55	ENSP00000356030³	STRING (score=.962)

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2 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0007166	cell surface receptor linked signal transduction	TAS	7691713
GO:0007596	blood coagulation	TAS	1381503

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(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
About This Section

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Small Molecules at Sigma-Aldrich

Browse Tocris compounds for CD59
10/25 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for CD59 gene (see all 25 )

Compound	Score	Articles	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
hmcp	69.43	2	16324389 (1), 15693845 (1)
docosahexaenoic acid	57.51	17	18489792 (2), 18922179 (1), 19221636 (1), 17244615 (1) (see all 10)
eicosapentaenoic acid	55.92	14	18489792 (2), 18922179 (1), 19221636 (1), 16799203 (1) (see all 7)
galalpha(1,3)gal	50.83	3	10910270 (2)
glycolipid	32.71	4	7527603 (1), 1372260 (1), 8804039 (1), 1280224 (1)
phosphatidylinositol	31.13	34	1379443 (4), 12950982 (2), 2242615 (2), 7527236 (1) (see all 12)
lipid	22.44	41	7519171 (3), 1698710 (2), 16927933 (2), 18673006 (2) (see all 24)
ganglioside	21.35	6	9003426 (1), 8569195 (1), 10064071 (1), 7688394 (1) (see all 5)
thiazole	18.75	2	9595015 (1), 7536494 (1)
sucrose	18.11	4	9003426 (1), 12186694 (1), 10611479 (1), 15373568 (1)

About this table

(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 219 Homo sapiens; Jun 2 2009) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView,
non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, and/or Abnova,
siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (CD59)
		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (CD59)

OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vectors (see all 8): NM_203329

Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for CD59

Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for CD59

Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs

Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs:

NM_000611 NM_001127223 NM_001127225 NM_001127226 NM_001127227 NM_203329 NM_203330 NM_203331

REFSEQ mRNAs for CD59 gene (8 alternative transcripts):

NM_000611.5 NM_001127223.1 NM_001127225.1 NM_001127226.1 NM_001127227.1 NM_203329.2 NM_203330.2 NM_203331.2

Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays:

NM_000611 NM_001127223 NM_001127225 NM_001127226 NM_001127227 NM_203329 NM_203330 NM_203331

               OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 8): NM_000611
                                 Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 8): NM_000611
                                 untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 8): NM_000611

Additional cDNA sequence:

AB231759.1 AB231760.1 BT007104.1 CR407661.1 CR541722.1 CR624551.1 M27909.1 XM_001717207.1

24/58 DOTS entries (see all 58 ):

DT.100883726 DT.95110568 DT.95179543 DT.100883738 DT.100783392 DT.95226254 DT.40272730 DT.95179586

DT.100883723 DT.100883703 DT.100883737 DT.91887599 DT.455383 DT.120725036 DT.120725237 DT.95179583

DT.95179510 DT.92470437 DT.100883742 DT.100783395 DT.95179506 DT.95179588 DT.120725042 DT.100883739

24/1489 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 1489 ):

AL545376 CR612934 BF725725 CN480099 AA564405 AA644310 F02706 CD108899

AI753208 BU150707 AI174829 CN482497 CR607196 BM704103 H96384 AI126266

BI118113 BQ005775 CD609149 BQ101122 CB122979 AW166662 F04248 N41637

highest scoring ESTs for CD59:

AA399092 AI653117 AL049957 AL538321 AL543263 AL546036 AL546738 AL547341 AL703204 AU133873

Unigene Clusters for CD59:

CD59 molecule, complement regulatory protein

Hs.278573 [show with all ESTs], Hs.709466 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequences: NM_001127223, BG112791

GeneLoc Exon Structure

5/10 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for CD59 (see all 10 )

ExUns:	1a	·	1b	·	1c	^	2	^	3	^	4a	·	4b	^	5	^	6a	·	6b	^	7	^	8a	·	8b	·	8c	·	8d	·	8e	·	8f	·	8g	·	8h
SP1:							-				-		-								-
SP2:							-				-		-								-
SP3:													-								-
SP4:																					-
SP5:							-		-		-		-								-

About this scheme

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for CD59

2 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations:

ENST00000351554 ENST00000395850

(Experimental results according to ¹GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to ²GeneAnnot , ³GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 219 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems )
About This Section

CD59 expression in normal and diseased human tissues

Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays for CD59

¹ / ² / ³

14 probe-sets matching CD59 gene

Affymetrix probe-set	Array	# genes	Sensitivity	Specificity	Correlation	Length	Gb_Accession	Consensus	Uniqueness	Score	Rank
Affymetrix probe-set	Array	GeneAnnot data			GeneNote data		GeneTide data
62133_at²^{, 3}	U95-C	1	1.00	1.00	0.89	0.69	AI653117	0.80	1.00	0.91	1
39170_at²^{, 3}	U95-A	1	1.00	1.00	0.90	1.08	AL049957	0.80	1.00	0.91	1
39351_at²^{, 3}	U95-A	1	1.00	1.00	0.94	1.00	M84349	0.20	1.00	0.72	1
64271_at²^{, 3}	U95-C	1	0.88	1.00	0.64	1.25	AW024434	0.80	1.00	0.91	1
228748_at²^{, 3}	U133-B	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	AI653117	0.80	1.00	0.91	1
200983_x_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	BF983379	0.60	1.00	0.82	1
200984_s_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	X16447	0.80	1.00	0.91	1
200985_s_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	NM_000611	0.60	1.00	0.82	1
212463_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	3	1.00	0.94	--	--	BE379006	0.60	1.00	0.82	1
228748_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
200983_x_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
200984_s_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
200985_s_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
212463_at²	U133Plus2	3	1.00	0.94	--	--	--	--	--	--	--

GeneDecks CD59 for binary patterns associated with the probe-sets selected above

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Data from

(Publications) and GNF BioGPS
About these images
About these images

CGAP SAGE TAG: --

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene clusters: Hs.278573 Hs.709466
Expression variation in blood from EXPOLDB for CD59

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD and/or ⁵MGI Jun 06 2009, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section

Orthologs for CD59 gene from 5 species

Organism	Gene	Locus	Description	Human Similarity	NCBI accessions
dog (Canis familiaris)	CD59¹	--	CD59 molecule, complement regulatory protein	68.32(n) 49.59(a)	475945 XM_533156.2 XP_533156.1
chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)	CD59¹	--	CD59 molecule, complement regulatory protein	99.02(n) 97.06(a)	739046 XM_001140212.1 XP_001140212.1
cow (Bos taurus)	CD59¹	--	CD59 molecule, complement regulatory protein	69.88(n) 53.51(a)	505574 NM_001037446.1 NP_001032523.1
rat (Rattus norvegicus)	Cd59¹	--	CD59 molecule, complement regulatory protein	61.01(n) 50.89(a)	25407 NM_012925.1 NP_037057.1
mouse (Mus musculus)	Cd59b^{1, 5}	2⁵	CD59b antigen^{1, 5}	60.12(n)¹ 48.21(a)¹	333883¹ NM_181858.1¹ NP_862906.1¹ AF292401⁵ BC038128⁵ (see all 10)

About this table Species with no ortholog for CD59

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for CD59

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene
and ²Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to ³Pseudogene.org)
About This Section

(According to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Genotyping Reagents from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

10/212 NCBI SNPs in CD59 are shown (see all 212 )
(Click for Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Genotyping Assay) (see all 123)

AB	SNP ID	Valid	Chr 11 pos	Sequence	Recs	AA Chg	Type	More	Recs	Pop	Total sample	More
AB	Genomic Data				Transcription Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--			--
	rs831603^1,2	A,C,F,H,O	33715214(+)	`CAGGGG/AATCCG`	4	--	ng3¹		11	EU EA WA NA	964
	rs1718067^1,2	A,C,F,H,O	33716246(+)	`TTTCCT/CAAGAT`	4	--	ng3¹		11	EU EA WA NA	978
	rs1047581^1,2	A,C,F,H,O	33681568(-)	`GTGACA/GTAGTG`	8	--	ut3¹		12	EA NA EU WA	1046
	rs2231461^1,2	A,C,F,H	33688121(-)	`CTTGAG/CCAACC`	8	--	ut3¹		8	EU EA WA	838
	rs12272660^1,2	A,C,F,H	33684091(+)	`GGGGTT/CGGCCA`	8	--	ut3¹ ese³		4	EU EA WA	420
	rs7357^1,2	A,C,F,H	33686837(-)	`GTTCCC/ATGAAC`	8	--	ut3¹ ese³		14	MN EA EU WA NA	2842
	rs842^1,2	A,C,F,H	33687982(-)	`CTCTTG/AGGAAG`	8	--	ut3¹ ese³		12	MN EA EU WA	2718
	rs831618^1,2	A,C,F,H	33685190(+)	`GTATAG/TAAAAC`	8	--	ut3¹ ese³		4	EU EA WA	408
	rs11032349^1,2	A,C,F,H	33686248(+)	`ACTATA/TAATGT`	8	--	ut3¹		8	EU EA WA	830
	rs7046^1,2	A,C,F,H	33683556(-)	`CACCAC/TAGTGG`	8	--	ut3¹ ese³		6	MN EU EA WA	762

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HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for CD59 (up to first 250kb)

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, Novoseek, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, BCGD, and/or TGDB.)
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OMIM: 107271 disorders: 612300

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CD59_HUMAN, P13987

Defects in CD59 are the cause of CD59 deficiency [MIM:612300]

10/90 Novoseek disease relationships for CD59 gene (see all 90 )

Disease	Score	Articles	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
paroxysmal hemoglobinuria nocturnal	91.57	35	15053802 (2), 1382994 (2), 19154662 (2), 7536494 (2) (see all 25)
hemolysis	61.00	23	11881969 (2), 7519172 (1), 9145329 (1), 9595015 (1) (see all 14)
hemoglobinuria	60.94	2	9844822 (1), 10539884 (1)
anemia aplastic	53.81	2	7544152 (1), 11930678 (1)
tumor escape	41.06	2	16507249 (2)
somatic mutations	40.93	2	19399743 (1), 7522635 (1)
autoimmune hemolytic anemia	39.58	3	11930678 (1), 18954403 (1), 17289551 (1)
anemia hemolytic	38.03	2	11986227 (1), 11930678 (1)
inflammation	33.61	25	16927933 (3), 17337246 (2), 16489052 (2), 17182589 (1) (see all 18)
cytopenia	31.46	1	17289551 (1)

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1 PharmGKB disease relationship for CD59 gene

Disease	PharmGKB Relations	PubMed IDs for articles supporting these relationships
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Acute, L1	FA GN	12730115

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Genatlas disease: CD59

hemoglobinuria,paroxysmal,nocturnal,rare inherited form associated or not with aplastic anemia

Human Gene Mutation Database: CD59
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator: CD59 (2 documents)

(Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
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(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Novoseek, ²HGNC, ³Entrez Gene, ⁴UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁵UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁶GAD, and/or ⁷PharmGKB)
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10/477 PubMed articles for CD59 gene (see all 477 ):

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria due to hereditary nucleotide deletion in the HRF20 (CD59) gene. (PubMed id 1382994)^{1, 3, 4} Motoyama N....Okada H. (1992)
Structural composition and functional characterization of soluble CD59: heterogeneity of the oligosaccharide and glycophosphoinositol (GPI) anchor revealed by laser-desorption mass spectrometric analysis. (PubMed id 8670172)^{1, 3, 4} Meri S....Baumann M. (1996)
Structure of the CD59-encoding gene: further evidence of a relationship to murine lymphocyte antigen Ly-6 protein. (PubMed id 1381503)^{1, 3, 4} Petranka J.G.... Rosse W.F. (1992)
The human complement regulatory protein CD59 binds to the alpha-chain of C8 and to the ''b'' domain of C9. (PubMed id 1377690)^{1, 3, 4} Ninomiya H. and Sims P.J. (1992)
Modification-specific proteomics of plasma membrane proteins: identification and characterization of glycosylphosphatidylinositol- anchored proteins released upon phospholipase D treatment. (PubMed id 16602701)^{3, 4} Elortza F.... Jensen O.N. (2006)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{3, 4} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
Proteomic analysis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane proteins. (PubMed id 14517339)^{3, 4} Elortza F....Jensen O.N. (2003)
Molecular basis for a link between complement and the vascular complications of diabetes. (PubMed id 10805801)^{3, 4} Acosta J.... Halperin J. (2000)
The glycosylation of the complement regulatory protein, human erythrocyte CD59. (PubMed id 9054419)^{3, 4} Rudd P.M.... Dwek R.A. (1997)
Mutational analysis of the active site and antibody epitopes of the complement-inhibitory glycoprotein, CD59. (PubMed id 9053451)^{3, 4} Bodian D.L.... Rushmere N.K. (1997)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 966	HGNC: 1689	AceView: CD59	Ensembl:ENSG00000085063	euGenes: HUgn966
ECgene: CD59	H-InvDB: CD59

(According to HUGE)
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(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
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Name	Description
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for CD59	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
CD59base	http://bioinf.uta.fi/CD59base/

Licensable Technologies for CD59
(Available from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts)

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(Reagents available from Applied Biosystems, Antibodies and assays by Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Novus Biologicals,
Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Millipore, Abnova, and/or Invitrogen, Clones available from OriGene,and/or Invitrogen, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Tocris Bioscience)
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Products for CD59:

TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays

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CD59 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 68

Aliases &
Descriptions
for CD59

Summaries
for CD59

Genomic Location
for CD59

Proteins
for CD59

Protein Domains/
Families
for CD59

Gene Function
for CD59

Pathways & Interactions
for CD59

Drugs & Compounds
for CD59

Transcripts
for CD59

Expression
for CD59

Orthologs
for CD59

Paralogs
for CD59

SNPs/Variants
for CD59

Disorders & Mutations
for CD59

Medical News
for CD59

Publications
for CD59

Search for CD59

Genome Databases showing CD59

Other Databases showing CD59

Specialized Databases showing CD59

Licensable Technologies
for CD59

Services
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Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

CD59 (Gene Symbol)
16.3A5
1F5
EJ16
EJ30
EL32
FLJ38134
FLJ92039
G344
HRF-20
HRF20
MAC-IP
MACIF
MEM43
MGC2354
MIC11
MIN1
MIN2
MIN3
MIRL
MSK21
Protectin
p18-20
protectin
1F5 antigen
20 kDa homologous restriction factor
CD59 antigen
CD59 antigen p18-20 (antigen identified by monoclonal antibodies 16.3A5, EJ16, EJ30, EL32 and G344)
CD59 antigen, complement regulatory protein
CD59 glycoprotein
CD59 molecule, complement regulatory protein
Ly-6-like protein
MAC-inhibitory protein
MEM43 antigen
Membrane attack complex inhibition factor
Membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis
T cell-activating protein
human leukocyte antigen MIC11
lymphocytic antigen CD59/MEM43
membrane attack complex (MAC) inhibition factor
surface anitgen recognized by monoclonal antibody 16.3A5

CD59 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 68

Aliases & Descriptionsfor CD59

Summariesfor CD59

Genomic Locationfor CD59

Proteinsfor CD59

Protein Domains/Familiesfor CD59

Gene Functionfor CD59

Pathways & Interactionsfor CD59

Drugs & Compoundsfor CD59

Transcriptsfor CD59

Expression for CD59

Orthologsfor CD59

Paralogsfor CD59

SNPs/Variantsfor CD59

Disorders & Mutationsfor CD59

Medical Newsfor CD59

Publicationsfor CD59

Search for CD59

Genome Databases showing CD59

Other Databases showing CD59

Specialized Databases showing CD59

Licensable Technologiesfor CD59

Servicesfor CD59

Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Aliases &
Descriptions
for CD59

Summaries
for CD59

Genomic Location
for CD59

Proteins
for CD59

Protein Domains/
Families
for CD59

Gene Function
for CD59

Pathways & Interactions
for CD59

Drugs & Compounds
for CD59

Transcripts
for CD59

Expression
for CD59

Orthologs
for CD59

Paralogs
for CD59

SNPs/Variants
for CD59

Disorders & Mutations
for CD59

Medical News
for CD59

Publications
for CD59

Licensable Technologies
for CD59

Services
for CD59