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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

CCL2 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 69
GCID: GC17P032582

Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 2

(Previous names: small inducible cytokine A2 (monocyte chemotactic protein...)
(Previous symbol: SCYA2)
Microbiology & Infectious Diseases Congress
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Aliases
for CCL2 gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, 10fRNAdb, 12H-InvDB, 13NCBI, 14NONCODE, and/or 15RNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 21 2     HC112 3
SCYA21 2 3 5     MCP-12 3
Monocyte Chemotactic And Activating Factor1 2 3     Homologous To Mouse Sig-Je1
Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 11 2 3     Member 21
Monocyte Secretory Protein JE1 2 3     Small Inducible Cytokine Subfamily A (Cys-Cys)1
MCAF2 3 5     GDCF-22
MCP12 3 5     HSMCR302
Small Inducible Cytokine A2 (Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1, Homologous To
Mouse Sig-Je)1 2
     SMC-CF2
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-11 2     C-C Motif Chemokine 22
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 12 3     Small Inducible Cytokine Subfamily A (Cys-Cys), Member 22
Small-Inducible Cytokine A22 3     

External Ids:    HGNC: 106181   Entrez Gene: 63472   Ensembl: ENSG000001086917   OMIM: 1581055   UniProtKB: P135003   

Export aliases for CCL2 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC17P032352 GC17P034621 GC17P032727 GC17P029606 GC17P028767


Summaries
for CCL2 gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for CCL2 Gene:
This gene is one of several cytokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Chemokines are a superfamily of
secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The superfamily is divided into four
subfamilies based on the arrangement of N-terminal cysteine residues of the mature peptide. This chemokine is a member
of the CC subfamily which is characterized by two adjacent cysteine residues. This cytokine displays chemotactic
activity for monocytes and basophils but not for neutrophils or eosinophils. It has been implicated in the
pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic infiltrates, like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and
atherosclerosis. It binds to chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR4. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013)

GeneCards Summary for CCL2 Gene: 
CCL2 (chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2) is a protein-coding gene. Diseases associated with CCL2 include encephalitis, and proliferative glomerulonephritis, and among its related super-pathways are MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation and G-protein signaling Ras family GTPases in kinase cascades (scheme). GO annotations related to this gene include heparin binding and receptor binding. An important paralog of this gene is CCL11.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CCL2_HUMAN, P13500
Function: Chemotactic factor that attracts monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils or eosinophils. Augments
monocyte anti-tumor activity. Has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic
infiltrates, like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis or atherosclerosis. May be involved in the recruitment of monocytes
into the arterial wall during the disease process of atherosclerosis

Gene Wiki entry for CCL2 Gene


Genomic Views
for CCL2 gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 73), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000017.10  NC_018928.2  NT_010799.15  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the CCL2 gene promoter:
         c-Fos   STAT1   AP-1   c-Jun   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 2): CCL2 promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for CCL2

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat CCL2


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 17q11.2-q12   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  17q12   HGNC cytogenetic band: 17q11.2-q21.1

CCL2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
CCL2 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 17         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC17P032582:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 32,582,296 bp from pter      End:
 32,584,222 bp from pter
Size:
 1,927 bases      Orientation:
 plus strand

Proteins
for CCL2 gene

(According to UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE 1MOPED, 2PaxDb, and 3MAXQB RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp., Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, LSBio, Abcam, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CCL2_HUMAN, P13500 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: C-C motif chemokine 2 precursor  
Size: 99 amino acids; 11025 Da
Subunit: Monomer or homodimer; in equilibrium. Binds to CCR2 and CCR4. Is tethered on endothelial cells by
glycosaminoglycan (GAG) side chains of proteoglycans
Subcellular location: Secreted
6/10 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for CCL2 (see all 10):
1DOK (3D)        1DOL (3D)        1DOM (3D)        1DON (3D)        1MCA (3D)        1ML0 (3D)    
Secondary accessions: B2R4V3 Q9UDF3

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for CCL2: NX_P13500

Explore proteomics data for CCL2 at MOPED 

Post-translational modifications:

  • UniProtKB: Processing at the N-terminus can regulate receptor and target cell selectivity. Deletion of the N-terminal residue
    • converts it from an activator of basophil to an eosinophil chemoattractant
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P13500

    • CCL2 Protein expression data from MOPED1, PaxDb2 and MAXQB3 :    About this image 

    CCL2 Protein Expression
    REFSEQ proteins: NP_002973.1  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000462156   ENSP00000225831  
    Reactome Protein details: P13500
    Human Recombinant Protein Products for CCL2: 
    EMD Millipore Purified and/or Recombinant CCL2 Protein
    R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for CCL2 (CCL2/JE/MCP-1)
    Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
    OriGene Purified Protein for CCL2
    OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate for CCL2
    OriGene MassSpec for CCL2 
    OriGene Custom Protein Services for CCL2
    GenScript Purified and Recombinant Proteins for CCL2
    Novus Biologicals CCL2 Proteins
    Novus Biologicals CCL2 Lysates
    Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
    Browse Sino Biological Cell Lysates 
    ProSpec Recombinant Protein for CCL2
    Browse Proteins at Cloud-Clone Corp. 

    Gene Ontology (GO): 4 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005576extracellular region TAS--
    GO:0005615extracellular space IEA--
    GO:0005737cytoplasm IEA--
    GO:0043025neuronal cell body IEA--

    CCL2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    CCL2 Antibody Products: 
    Browse EMD Millipore's Extensive Line of Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies
    R&D Systems Antibodies for CCL2 (CCL2/JE/MCP-1)
    OriGene Antibodies for CCL2
    OriGene Custom Antibody Services for CCL2
    GenScript Superior Antibodies for CCL2
    Novus Biologicals CCL2 Antibodies
    Abcam antibodies for CCL2
    Browse Antibodies at Cloud-Clone Corp. 
    ThermoFisher Antibody for CCL2
    LSBio Antibodies in human, mouse, rat for CCL2 

    Assay Products for CCL2: 
    Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
    OriGene Custom Assay Services for CCL2
    R&D Systems Flow Cytometry Kits for CCL2 (CCL2/JE/MCP-1)         (see all)
    GenScript Custom Assay Services for CCL2
    Enzo Life Sciences assays for CCL2
    Browse ELISAs at Cloud-Clone Corp. 
    Browse CLIAs at Cloud-Clone Corp.

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for CCL2 gene

    (According to HGNC, IUPHAR, InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    		 HGNC Gene Families: 
    ENDOLIG: Endogenous ligands
    CCL: Chemokine ligands

    2 InterPro protein domains:
     IPR000827 Chemokine_CC_CS
     IPR001811 Chemokine_IL8-like_dom

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P13500

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P13500

    1 Blocks protein domain: IPB000827 Small chemokine

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CCL2_HUMAN, P13500
    Similarity: Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family


    CCL2 for domains           About GeneDecksing


    Function
    for CCL2 gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, inGenious Targeting Laboratory,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, Sirion Biotech, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Sirion Biotech, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, Sirion Biotech, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Molecular Function:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: CCL2_HUMAN, P13500
    Function: Chemotactic factor that attracts monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils or eosinophils. Augments
    monocyte anti-tumor activity. Has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic
    infiltrates, like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis or atherosclerosis. May be involved in the recruitment of monocytes
    into the arterial wall during the disease process of atherosclerosis

         Gene Ontology (GO): 7 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see first 5):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0001664G-protein coupled receptor binding ----
    GO:0004672protein kinase activity TAS9973507
    GO:0005102receptor binding TAS10542238
    GO:0005515protein binding ----
    GO:0008009chemokine activity IEA--
    GO:0008201heparin binding IEA--
    GO:0031727CCR2 chemokine receptor binding TAS18021937
         
    CCL2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    Phenotypes:
         3 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for CCL2:
     Decreased NANOG protein expres  Decreased OCT4 protein express  Decreased POU5F1-GFP protein e 

         15/21 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 6 alleles) (MGI details for Ccl2) (see all 21):
     adipose tissue  behavior/neurological  cardiovascular system  cellular  craniofacial 
     digestive/alimentary  growth/size  hematopoietic system  homeostasis/metabolism  immune system 
     integument  liver/biliary system  mortality/aging  muscle  nervous system 

    CCL2 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-outs for CCL2: Ccl2tm1Lex Ccl2tm1Rol Ccl2tm1.1Tyos
       inGenious Targeting Laboratory - Custom generated mouse model solutions for CCL2 
       inGenious Targeting Laboratory - Custom generated inducible mouse model solutions for CCL2

    miRNA
    Products:            		miRTarBase miRNAs that target CCL2:
    hsa-mir-124 (MIRT004284)

    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat CCL2
    7 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate CCL2:
    hsa-miR-577 hsa-miR-323-3p hsa-miR-3910 hsa-miR-374b hsa-miR-3143 hsa-miR-374a hsa-miR-3692
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: CCL2 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:            		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for CCL2
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat CCL2
    Sirion Biotech Custom design and validation of potent shRNA sequences against CCL2

    Gene Editing
    Products:    		DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for CCL2
    Sirion Biotech Customized adenovirus for overexpression of CCL2
                         Customized adenovirus for potent knockdown of CCL2

    Clone
    Products:             		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
    OriGene clones in human, mouse for CCL2 (see all 7)
    OriGene ORF clones in mouse, rat for CCL2
    OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: CCL2 (NM_002982)
    Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for CCL2
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for CCL2
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat CCL2

    Cell Line
    Products:             		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for CCL2
    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for CCL2
    Sirion Biotech Customized stable knockdown cell line services for CCL2
                         Customized inducible knockdown cell line services for CCL2
                         Customized stable overexpressing cell line services for CCL2
                         Customized inducible overexpressing cell line services for CCL2

    In Situ Assay
    Products:       
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for CCL2


    Pathways & Interactions
    for CCL2 gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Sino Biological, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    SuperPaths for CCL2 About   (see all 31)                                                                                              See pathways by source

    SuperPathSelected contained pathways About (see all per SuperPath)
    1PEDF Induced Signaling
    		MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation0.94
    		NFAT Signaling and Lymphocyte Interactions0.57
    		MIF Regulation of Innate Immune Cells0.94
    		PGC1Alpha Pathway0.51
    		PEDF Induced Signaling0.73
    		STAT3 Pathway0.47
    		all-trans-Retinoic Acid Signaling in Brain0.71
    		Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway0.46
    2G-protein signaling Ras family GTPases in kinase cascades (scheme)
    		Immune response Oncostatin M signaling via MAPK in human cells0.39
    		Oncostatin M Signaling Pathway0.37
    3Chemokine Signaling
    		Chemokine Signaling0.33
    		Chemokine signaling pathway0.33
    4TGF-Beta Pathway
    		TGF-Beta Pathway0.60
    		JNK Pathway0.51
    		MAPK Family Pathway0.60
    		Regulation of eIF4 and p70S6K0.43
    		JAK-STAT Pathway0.57
    		SOCS Pathway0.40
    5Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
    		Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)0.71
    		Peptide ligand-binding receptors0.60
    		GPCR ligand binding0.71

    Pathways by source                                                                                                                                                                 See SuperPaths
    Show all pathways

    3 EMD Millipore Pathways for CCL2
        Immune response Oncostatin M signaling via MAPK in human cells
    Immune response Oncostatin M signaling via JAK-Stat in human cells
    Development VEGF signaling via VEGFR2 - generic cascades

    1 R&D Systems Pathway for CCL2
        A-beta Uptake & Degradation

    5/30 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for CCL2 (see all 30)
        MSP-RON Signaling
    Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway
    Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
    Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C
    NFAT Signaling and Lymphocyte Interactions

    3 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for CCL2
        Development VEGF signaling via VEGFR2 - generic cascades
    Immune response Oncostatin M signaling via JAK-Stat in human cells
    Immune response Oncostatin M signaling via MAPK in human cells

    5/6 BioSystems Pathways for CCL2 (see all 6)
        Spinal Cord Injury
    Oncostatin M Signaling Pathway
    Selenium Pathway
    TWEAK Signaling Pathway
    IL23-mediated signaling events


    5/10        Reactome Pathways for CCL2 (see all 10)
        Peptide ligand-binding receptors
    Signaling by GPCR
    GPCR ligand binding
    Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
    Chemokine receptors bind chemokines


    5/9         Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for CCL2) (see all 9):
        Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
    Chemokine signaling pathway
    NOD-like receptor signaling pathway
    TNF signaling pathway
    Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)


    CCL2 for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for CCL2

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/51 Interacting proteins for CCL2 (P135003 ENSP000002258314) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 51)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    ACKR2O005903, ENSP000002731454I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000273145
    CCR3P516773, ENSP000003500034I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000350003
    CCL11P516713, ENSP000003022344I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000302234
    CCR10P460923, ENSP000003325044I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000332504
    MMP1P039563, ENSP000003227884I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000322788
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/70 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 70):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000165MAPK cascade IMP--
    GO:0001525angiogenesis TAS18334747
    GO:0001666response to hypoxia IEA--
    GO:0001938positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation IEA--
    GO:0002548monocyte chemotaxis IDA12207323

    CCL2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for CCL2 gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, IUPHAR, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    CCL2 for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for CCL2

    3 HMDB Compounds for CCL2    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    AtorvastatinAtorvastatin acid (see all 4)134523-00-5--
    Danazol(17a)-Pregna-2,4-dien-20-yno[2,3-d]isoxazol-17-ol (see all 16)17230-88-5--
    Simvastatin(+)-Simvastatin (see all 28)79902-63-9--

    2 DrugBank Compounds for CCL2    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #TypeActionsPubMed Ids
    Danazol-- 17230-88-5targetinhibitor11216879 11056242
    MimosineL-Mimosine (see all 6)500-44-7targetinhibitor11936838 15698514

    10/150 Novoseek inferred chemical compound relationships for CCL2 gene (see all 150)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    rantes 96 1626 11750041 (8), 8616572 (7), 15631778 (7), 17353158 (7) (see all 99)
    mcp 1 85 69 20497022 (5), 16091493 (4), 18045859 (3), 20032813 (3) (see all 34)
    ccl3 83.4 145 20047691 (5), 16105698 (5), 18070228 (4), 18270300 (4) (see all 81)
    groalpha 79.1 60 10540194 (4), 16213701 (4), 16869002 (4), 15044249 (3) (see all 30)
    tarc 71 41 12911508 (2), 19536139 (2), 14630994 (2), 11533168 (2) (see all 24)
    grogamma 70.8 8 15832427 (2), 10467937 (2), 15972545 (1), 11808935 (1) (see all 5)
    vegf 66.3 386 14574083 (8), 15627719 (7), 16273763 (6), 18385799 (6) (see all 99)
    mip 1alpha 64.7 9 20205697 (2), 16211583 (1), 15932509 (1), 19506561 (1) (see all 8)
    grobeta 62.7 6 15832427 (2), 12556377 (1), 11808935 (1), 17442617 (1)
    bindarit 56.9 13 18827968 (4), 10477401 (2), 17460736 (1), 9507220 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about CCL2

    Transcripts
    for CCL2 gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 236 Homo sapiens; Apr 25 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    Conferences by KenesGroup, exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, Sirion Biotech, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for CCL2 gene: 
    NM_002982.3  

    Unigene Cluster for CCL2:

    Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2
    Hs.303649  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: BU570769
    3 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000580907 ENST00000225831(uc002hhy.3) ENST00000582017
    Congresses - knowledge worth sharing:  
    European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) 10 - 13 May 2014

    miRNA
    Products:         
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat CCL2
    7 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate CCL2:
    hsa-miR-577 hsa-miR-323-3p hsa-miR-3910 hsa-miR-374b hsa-miR-3143 hsa-miR-374a hsa-miR-3692
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: CCL2 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:             		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for CCL2
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat CCL2
    Sirion Biotech Custom design and validation of potent shRNA sequences against CCL2
    Clone
    Products:             		 OriGene clones in human, mouse for CCL2 (see all 7)
    OriGene ORF clones in mouse, rat for CCL2
    OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: CCL2 (NM_002982)
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for CCL2
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat CCL2
    Primer
    Products:            		OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for CCL2
    OriGene qSTAR qPCR primer pairs in human, mouse for CCL2
    SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat CCL2
      QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat CCL2
      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat CCL2

    Additional mRNA sequence: 

    AK311308.1 AK311960.1 BC009716.1 BT007329.1 M24545.1 M28226.1 S69738.1 S71513.1 
    X14768.1 

    5 DOTS entries:

    DT.217745  DT.100795505  DT.100795508  DT.100795510  DT.91845238 

    24/231 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 231):

    AW772091 BC009716 AI075862 BM708613 AI927247 BE858648 BF850412 NM_002982 
    X14768 AW849229 AI817756 AI097531 BU192217 BI793067 BQ224954 AL697816 
    H99781 T29155 AW241657 AA047099 CK902136 BE671641 AI692798 BM704915 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    2 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for CCL2    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1a · 1b ^ 2 ^ 3a · 3b
    SP1:                              
    SP2:                              


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for CCL2

    Expression
    for CCL2 gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    CCL2 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)      CCL2 embryonic expression: see
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS <intensity>2/3
    CGAP TAG: GTACTAGTGT
    CCL2 Expression
    About this image


    CCL2 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells    About this table
    Data from LifeMap, the Embryonic Development and Stem Cells Database 
     5/13 selected tissues (see all 13) fully expand
     
     Brain (Nervous System)    fully expand to see all 11 entries
             nerve/cranial/facial VII
     
     Bone (Muscoskeletal System)    fully expand to see all 5 entries
             Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
             Mesenchymal progenitor cells (Generation of bone tissue constructs from pluripotent...
     
     Endoderm (Gastrulation Derivatives)    fully expand to see all 3 entries
             Definitive endoderm-like cells (Generation of mesendoderm and definitive endoderm...
     
     Heart (Cardiovascular System)    fully expand to see all 2 entries
             Cardiac Fibroblasts Myocardium
             heart/ventricle
     
     Cartilage (Muscoskeletal System)    fully expand to see all 2 entries
             "PureStem E15, Meso-prx/latp Progenitor"

    See CCL2 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for CCL2

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.303649
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including CCL2 (see all 29): 
              HIV Host Response in human mouse rat
              Multiple Sclerosis in human mouse rat
              Wound Healing in human mouse rat
              Cancer PathwayFinder in human mouse rat
              Inflammasomes in human mouse rat

    Primer
    Products:    		OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for CCL2
    OriGene qSTAR qPCR primer pairs in human, mouse for CCL2
    SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat CCL2
    QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat CCL2
    QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat CCL2
    In Situ
    Assay Products:     
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for CCL2

    Orthologs
    for CCL2 gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

    Orthologs for CCL2 gene from 2/8 species (see all 8)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)    		 Mammalia Ccl25
    Ccl121    		 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 25
    chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 121    		 74.74(n)1
    68.42(a)1    		   11 (49.82 cM)5
    202931  NM_011331.21  NP_035461.21 
     820355715 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii si:dkeyp-59a8.36
    si:dkeyp-59a8.16
    (see all 5)    		 si:dkeyp-59a8.1
    (see all 5)    		 31(a)
    30(a)
    (see all 5)    		 many ↔ many
    many ↔ many
    (see all 5)    		 20(38310380-38311158)
    20(38282475-38302293)


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for CCL2 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for CCL2 (if available)

    Paralogs
    for CCL2 gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for CCL2 gene
    CCL112  CCL132  CCL72  CCL82  CCL242  
    18/26 SIMAP similar genes for CCL2 using alignment to 2 protein entries:     CCL2_HUMAN (see all proteins) (see all similar genes):
    MCP1    CCL11    CCL8    CCL7    MCP-3    CCL13
    CCL3L1    CCL3L3    CCL4    CCL4L2    LOC728835    CCL4L1
    CCL3    CX3CL1    CCL18    CCL26    CCL14    CCL1

    CCL2 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for CCL2 gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, 4UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CCL2_HUMAN, P13500
    Polymorphism: Genetic variations in CCL2 determine Mycobacterium tuberculosis susceptibility [MIM:607948]


    10/100 SNPs in CCL2 are shown (see all 100)    About this table     
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 17 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    rs133067501,2
    		C--28768301(+) TTTAACAGCTCCT
    CCTTCT    /-    CTCTG     		1 -- int11Minor allele frequency- -:0.50CSA 2
    rs39178871,2
    		C,F--28768302(+) TTAACAGCTCCTC
    CTTCTC    /-    TCTGT     		1 -- int13Minor allele frequency- -:0.36NS NA 136
    rs37603991,2
    		C,F,H--32642751(-) TGGAGT/CGGCCA 1 -- us2k118Minor allele frequency- C:0.05NS EA NA 1726
    rs1869603791,2
    		--32642814(+) CAAGTC/TTAGTC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs39178861,2
    		C,F--32642835(+) GAGATT/ACTGGA 1 -- us2k15Minor allele frequency- A:0.03NS NA WA 216
    rs1468606061,2
    		C--32643006(+) CTCAAC/TAATGC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs30913321,2
    		C,F--32643013(+) ATGCCA/TTTACT 1 -- us2k114Minor allele frequency- T:0.10NA NS WA 918
    rs1393459651,2
    		--32643089(+) GAAAAG/TTGTTT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1928506641,2
    		--32643286(+) CTATCA/GTATTT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1500700221,2
    		--32643345(+) TATCAA/GTGTGC 1 -- us2k10--------

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for CCL2 (32582296 - 32584222 bp)

    Structural Variations
         Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) 2 variations for CCL2:    About this table     
    Variant IDTypeSubtypePubMed ID
    nsv519297CNV Gain19592680
    nsv517423CNV Gain+Loss19592680


    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): CCL2
    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
    QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing CCL2
    DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for CCL2

    Disorders / Diseases
    for CCL2 gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Conferences by KenesGroup, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    CCL2 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 158105   
    OMIM disorders: 609423  182940  607948  
    20/313 diseases for CCL2 (see all 313):    About MalaCards
    encephalitis    proliferative glomerulonephritis    pneumoconiosis    xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis
    peritonitis    rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis    dengue shock syndrome    scleritis
    atherosclerosis    psoriasis    periapical granuloma    sympathetic ophthalmia
    idiopathic pulmonary alveolar proteinosis    lupus nephritis    arterial occlusive disease    mast-cell leukemia
    relapsing polychondritis    erdheim-chester disease    temporal arteritis    pneumonia

    18 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for CCL2:
    Atherosclerosis     Kidney disease     Arthritis     Diabetes mellitus
    Heart disease     Hypersensitivity reaction type II disease     Asthma     Cancer
    Eye disease     Multiple sclerosis     Connective tissue disease     Hypertension
    Pneumonia     Interstitial lung disease     Endometriosis     Ureteral disease
    Encephalitis     Peritonitis

    Congresses - knowledge worth sharing:  
    The International Symposium on Pneumococci and Pneumococcal Diseases (ISPPD) 9 - 13 March 2014
    Alzheimer's & Parkinson's Diseases Congress (ADPD) 18 - 22 March 2015

    10/96 Novoseek inferred disease relationships for CCL2 gene (see all 96)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    inflammation 86.3 568 15104334 (4), 11739289 (4), 17977946 (4), 7891256 (3) (see all 99)
    necrosis 82.7 1069 15626982 (5), 7635182 (3), 15223398 (3), 16407046 (3) (see all 99)
    atherosclerosis 79.6 284 17521622 (5), 15894320 (4), 15519012 (4), 12578870 (3) (see all 99)
    tumors 67.6 1198 15883814 (5), 9111518 (5), 16278381 (5), 15626982 (5) (see all 99)
    atherosclerotic plaque 65.6 35 14739122 (2), 16934270 (1), 19566488 (1), 19656094 (1) (see all 23)
    bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 56.3 42 8890891 (3), 10515417 (2), 10489845 (2), 8616572 (1) (see all 30)
    rheumatoid arthritis 56.3 60 16740681 (3), 12826377 (2), 11411959 (2), 14626631 (2) (see all 40)
    lupus nephritis 53.8 45 11780369 (7), 8558841 (6), 16334978 (4), 15119544 (2) (see all 17)
    cardiovascular diseases 53.7 39 19566488 (3), 15030267 (3), 15627719 (2), 11919402 (1) (see all 20)
    insulin resistance 53.6 86 18762729 (5), 15349727 (4), 19361458 (4), 15063799 (3) (see all 33)

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): CCL2
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: CCL2 (260 documents)

    Export disorders for CCL2 gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for CCL2 gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for CCL2 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 3743):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with CCL2)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. A functional promoter polymorphism in monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is associated with increased susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis. (PubMed id 16352737)1, 2, 4, 9 Flores-Villanueva P.O.... Granados J. (2005)
    2. Polymorphism of the monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) gene is associated with the plasma level of MCP-1 but not with carotid intima-media thickness. (PubMed id 14620921)1, 4, 9 Tabara Y....Miki T. (2003)
    3. The G(-2518)A polymorphism of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and its serum and peritoneal fluid levels in Korean women with endometriosis. (PubMed id 18069114)1, 4, 9 Kim J.Y....Kim J.G. (2008)
    4. Association of serum MCP-1 concentration and MCP-1 polymorphism with insulin resistance in Japanese individuals with obese type 2 diabetes. (PubMed id 18762729)1, 4, 9 Kouyama K....Kasuga M. (2008)
    5. CCL2 polymorphisms are associated with serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels and myocardial infarction in the Framingham Heart Study. (PubMed id 16116069)1, 4, 9 McDermott D.H....Benjamin E.J. (2005)
    6. MCP-1 gene (SCYA2) and schizophrenia: a case-control association study. (PubMed id 15389752)1, 4, 9 Mundo E....Gennarelli M. (2005)
    7. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) gene polymorphism and risk of Alzheimer's disease in Italians. (PubMed id 15288699)1, 4, 9 Pola R....Pola P. (2004)
    8. MCP1 -2518 polymorphism and chronic obstructive pulmo nary disease in Taiwanese men. (PubMed id 20497022)1, 4, 9 Liu S.F....Lin M.C. (2010)
    9. MCP-1 and RANTES polymorphisms in Korean diabetic end-stage renal disease. (PubMed id 17728497)1, 4, 9 Joo K.W....Ahn C. (2007)
    10. Association study of genetic variants of pro-inflammatory chemokine and cytokine genes in systemic lupus erythematosus. (PubMed id 16719905)1, 4, 9 Sanchez E....Koeleman B.P. (2006)

    External Searches for CCL2 gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing CCL2 gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 6347 HGNC: 10618 AceView: CCL2 Ensembl:ENSG00000108691 euGenes: HUgn6347
    ECgene: CCL2 Kegg: 6347 H-InvDB: CCL2

    Other Databases showing CCL2 gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing CCL2 gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for CCL2 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for CCL2 Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
    Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCL2
    SeattleSNPshttp://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/scya2/

    Intellectual Property
    for CCL2 gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for CCL2 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving CCL2

    Licensable Technologies for CCL2 gene:
    Weizmann Institute:CCL2 for the Treatment of Inflammation
    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



    Products
    for CCL2 gene

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    About This Section

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