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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

CCL2 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 70
GCID: GC17P032582

chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2

(Previous names: small inducible cytokine A2 (monocyte chemotactic protein...)
(Previous symbol: SCYA2)
 Explore 353 diseases affiliated with
CCL2 via our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for CCL2
    

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 21 2     Monocyte Chemotactic And Activating Factor2 3
MCAF1 2 3 5     Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 12 3
MCP11 2 3 5     Monocyte Secretory Protein JE2 3
SCYA21 2 3 5     Small-Inducible Cytokine A22 3
HC111 2 3     MGC94341
MCP-11 2 3     HSMCR302
GDCF-21 2     C-C Motif Chemokine 22
SMC-CF1 2     Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-12
Small Inducible Cytokine A2 (Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1, Homologous To
Mouse Sig-Je)1 2
     Small Inducible Cytokine Subfamily A (Cys-Cys), Member 22
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 12 3     

External Ids:    HGNC: 106181   Entrez Gene: 63472   Ensembl: ENSG000001086917   OMIM: 1581055   UniProtKB: P135003   

Export aliases for CCL2 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC17P032352 GC17P034621 GC17P032727 GC17P029606 GC17P028767


(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for CCL2:
This gene is one of several cytokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Cytokines are a family of secreted
proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The protein encoded by this gene is structurally
related to the CXC subfamily of cytokines. Members of this subfamily are characterized by two cysteines separated by a
single amino acid. This cytokine displays chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not for neutrophils or
eosinophils. It has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic infiltrates, like
psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. It binds to chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR4. (provided by
RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CCL2_HUMAN, P13500
Function: Chemotactic factor that attracts monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils or eosinophils. Augments
monocyte anti-tumor activity. Has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic
infiltrates, like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis or atherosclerosis. May be involved in the recruitment of monocytes
into the arterial wall during the disease process of atherosclerosis

Gene Wiki entry for CCL2


(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000017.10  NC_018928.1  NT_010799.15  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the CCL2 gene promoter:
         c-Fos   STAT1   AP-1   c-Jun   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 2): CCL2 promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for CCL2

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat CCL2


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 17q11.2-q12   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  17q12   HGNC cytogenetic band: 17q11.2-q21.1

CCL2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
CCL2 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 17         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC17P032582:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
32,582,237 bp from pter      End:
32,584,222 bp from pter
Size:
1,986 bases      Orientation:
plus strand

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CCL2_HUMAN, P13500 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: C-C motif chemokine 2 precursor  
Size: 99 amino acids; 11025 Da
Subunit: Monomer or homodimer; in equilibrium. Binds to CCR2 and CCR4. Is tethered on endothelial cells by
glycosaminoglycan (GAG) side chains of proteoglycans
Subcellular location: Secreted
6/10 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for CCL2 (see all 10):
1DOK (3D)        1DOL (3D)        1DOM (3D)        1DON (3D)        1MCA (3D)        1ML0 (3D)    
Secondary accessions: B2R4V3 Q9UDF3

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for CCL2: NX_P13500

Post-translational modifications:

  • Processing at the N-terminus can regulate receptor and target cell selectivity. Deletion of the N-terminal residue
  • converts it from an activator of basophil to an eosinophil chemoattractant1
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P13500

  • CCL2 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins: NP_002973.1  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000462156   ENSP00000225831  
    Reactome Protein details: P13500
    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
    EMD Millipore Purified and/or Recombinant CCL2 Protein
    R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for CCL2 (CCL2/JE/MCP-1)
    Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
    OriGene Purified Protein: CCL2
    OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: CCL2
    OriGene Custom Protein Services for CCL2 
    GenScript Purified and Recombinant Proteins for CCL2
    Novus Biologicals CCL2 Proteins
    Novus Biologicals CCL2 Lysates
    Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
    ProSpec Recombinant Protein for CCL2
    Uscn Proteins for CCL2

    Gene Ontology (GO): 4 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005576extracellular region TAS--
    GO:0005615extracellular space IEA--
    GO:0005737cytoplasm IEA--
    GO:0043025neuronal cell body IEA--


    CCL2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    CCL2 Antibody Products: 
    Browse EMD Millipore's Extensive Line of Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies
    R&D Systems Antibodies for CCL2 (CCL2/JE/MCP-1)
    OriGene Antibodies (see all 3): CCL2
    OriGene Custom Antibody Services for CCL2 
    GenScript Superior Antibodies for CCL2
    Novus Biologicals CCL2 Antibodies
    Abcam antibodies for CCL2 
    Uscn Antibodies for CCL2
    ThermoFisher Antibody for CCL2

    Assay Products for CCL2: 
    Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
    OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development
    Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
    R&D Systems Flow Cytometry Kits for CCL2 (CCL2/JE/MCP-1)         (see all)
    GenScript Custom Assay Services for CCL2
    Enzo Life Sciences assays for CCL2
    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for CCL2


    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    CCL2 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    2 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR000827 Chemokine_CC_CS
     IPR001811 Chemokine_IL8-like_dom

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P13500

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P13500

    1 Blocks protein family: IPB000827 Small chemokine

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CCL2_HUMAN, P13500
    Similarity: Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family


    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CCL2_HUMAN, P13500
    Function: Chemotactic factor that attracts monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils or eosinophils. Augments
    monocyte anti-tumor activity. Has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic
    infiltrates, like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis or atherosclerosis. May be involved in the recruitment of monocytes
    into the arterial wall during the disease process of atherosclerosis

    miRNA
    Products:
        
    miRTarBase miRNAs that target CCL2:
    hsa-mir-124 (MIRT004284)

    OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: CCL2
    Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat CCL2
    7 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate CCL2:
    hsa-miR-577 hsa-miR-323-3p hsa-miR-3910 hsa-miR-374b hsa-miR-3143 hsa-miR-374a hsa-miR-3692
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmidCCL2 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:
        
    Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for CCL2 (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: CCL2
    OriGene siRNA: CCL2
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat CCL2

    Gene Editing
    Products:
    DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for CCL2

    Clone
    Products:
         
    Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CCL2 (see all 3)
    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CCL2
    OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling 
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: CCL2 (NM_002982)
    Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for CCL2
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for CCL2
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat CCL2 

    Cell Line
    Products:
         
    GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for CCL2
    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for CCL2

    In Situ Assay
    Products:
       

     
    Search Advanced Cell Diagnostics for RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for CCL2

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/7 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 7):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0001664G-protein coupled receptor binding ----
    GO:0004672protein kinase activity TAS9973507
    GO:0005102receptor binding TAS10542238
    GO:0005515protein binding ----
    GO:0008009chemokine activity IEA--


    CCL2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    3 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for CCL2:
     Decreased NANOG protein expres  Decreased OCT4 protein express  Decreased POU5F1-GFP protein e 

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-outs for CCL2: Ccl2tm1Lex Ccl2tm1Rol Ccl2tm1.1Tyos
         15/20 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 5 alleles(MGI details for Ccl2) (see all 20):
     adipose tissue  behavior/neurological  cardiovascular system  cellular  craniofacial 
     digestive/alimentary  growth/size  hematopoietic system  homeostasis/metabolism  immune system 
     integument  liver/biliary system  mortality/aging  muscle  nervous system 

    CCL2 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/30 super-pathways (see all 30About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1PEDF Induced Signaling
    8/12 pathways (see all 12)
    PEDF Induced Signaling1.00
    STAT3 Pathway0.47
    MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation0.73
    Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway0.44
    MIF Regulation of Innate Immune Cells0.71
    NFAT Signaling and Lymphocyte Interactions0.37
    IL-6 Pathway0.61
    PGC1Alpha Pathway0.33
    2TGF-Beta Pathway
    TGF-Beta Pathway1.00
    JNK Pathway0.50
    MAPK Family Pathway0.60
    Regulation of eIF4 and p70S6K0.43
    JAK-STAT Pathway0.57
    SOCS Pathway0.29
    3Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
    Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)1.00
    Peptide ligand-binding receptors0.61
    GPCR ligand binding0.75
    4Akt Signaling
    Akt Signaling1.00
    Tec Kinases Signaling0.55
    p38 Signaling0.60
    5Rho Family GTPases
    Rho Family GTPases1.00
    Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer0.51
    ERK Signaling0.61

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    3 EMD Millipore Pathways for CCL2
        Immune response Oncostatin M signaling via MAPK in human cells
    Immune response Oncostatin M signaling via JAK-Stat in human cells
    Development VEGF signaling via VEGFR2 - generic cascades

    1 R&D Systems Pathway for CCL2
        A-beta Uptake & Degradation

    5/30 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for CCL2 (see all 30)
        MSP-RON Signaling
    Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway
    Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
    Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C
    NFAT Signaling and Lymphocyte Interactions

    3 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for CCL2
        Development VEGF signaling via VEGFR2 - generic cascades
    Immune response Oncostatin M signaling via JAK-Stat in human cells
    Immune response Oncostatin M signaling via MAPK in human cells

    5 BioSystems Pathways for CCL2 
        Oncostatin M Signaling Pathway
    TWEAK Signaling Pathway
    Selenium Pathway
    Validated transcriptional targets of AP1 family members Fra1 and Fra2
    IL23-mediated signaling events

    5/11        Reactome Pathways for CCL2 (see all 11)
        Peptide ligand-binding receptors
    Signaling by GPCR
    GPCR ligand binding
    Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
    Chemokine receptors bind chemokines


    5/7         Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for CCL2) (see all 7):
        Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
    Chemokine signaling pathway
    NOD-like receptor signaling pathway
    Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)
    Malaria


    CCL2 for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for CCL2

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/51 Interacting proteins for CCL2 (P135003 ENSP000002258314) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 51)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    CCBP2O005903, ENSP000002731454I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000273145
    CCR3P516773, ENSP000003500034I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000350003
    CCL11P516713, ENSP000003022344I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000302234
    CCR10P460923, ENSP000003325044I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000332504
    MMP1P039563, ENSP000003227884I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000322788
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/68 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 68):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000165MAPK cascade IMP--
    GO:0001525angiogenesis TAS18334747
    GO:0001666response to hypoxia IEA--
    GO:0001938positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation IEA--
    GO:0002548monocyte chemotaxis IDA12207323


    CCL2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    CCL2 for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for CCL2

    3 HMDB Compounds for CCL2    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    AtorvastatinAtorvastatin acid (see all 4)134523-00-5--
    Danazol(17a)-Pregna-2,4-dien-20-yno[2,3-d]isoxazol-17-ol (see all 16)17230-88-5--
    Simvastatin(+)-Simvastatin (see all 28)79902-63-9--

    2 DrugBank Compounds for CCL2    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #TypeActionsPubMed Ids
    Danazol-- 17230-88-5targetinhibitor11216879 11056242
    MimosineL-Mimosine (see all 6)500-44-7targetinhibitor11936838 15698514

    10/150 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for CCL2 gene (see all 150)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    rantes 96 1626 11750041 (8), 8616572 (7), 15631778 (7), 17353158 (7), 16868981 (7), 11090473 (6), 7507512 (6), 18790652 (6), 14964455 (6), 9372648 (6), 7525719 (6), 9846826 (5), 11904733 (5), 7679712 (5), 7515094 (5), 8631642 (5), 11222907 (5), 15247887 (5), 15475827 (5), 11411959 (5), 8683390 (5), 11776150 (5), 7679707 (5), 9502417 (5), 7680615 (4), 12449175 (4), 16211583 (4), 18385799 (4), 17880758 (4), 16869002 (4), 16142858 (4), 9853284 (4), 19458908 (4), 19240255 (4), 19378419 (4), 16122384 (4), 11550808 (4), 9730880 (4), 9407497 (4), 11128050 (4), 10090164 (4), 17728497 (4), 15546258 (4), 11086093 (4), 7531149 (4), 15293554 (4), 20385066 (4), 16719905 (4), 8702581 (4), 8639784 (4), 15367184 (4), 12550108 (4), 7541256 (3), 9195529 (3), 9886550 (3), 12164740 (3), 14633128 (3), 11912286 (3), 7679430 (3), 20200310 (3), 16334979 (3), 11493224 (3), 10505748 (3), 10632523 (3), 9712872 (3), 18251943 (3), 15688294 (3), 10925309 (3), 9426952 (3), 9115216 (3), 16997300 (3), 17052673 (3), 15481270 (3), 12432574 (3), 10985258 (3), 12753088 (3), 11150001 (3), 9084796 (3), 19781706 (3), 17015748 (3), 18080321 (3), 16054313 (3), 15630704 (3), 14687706 (3), 12864798 (3), 11237663 (3), 11216753 (3), 8631850 (3), 1382479 (3), 15280531 (3), 15122056 (3), 12390317 (3), 11344355 (3), 10811280 (3), 10359894 (3), 10069998 (3), 9105097 (3), 19966527 (3), 17924206 (3) (see top 4)
    mcp 1 85 69 20497022 (5), 16091493 (4), 18045859 (3), 20032813 (3), 18353886 (3), 20205697 (2), 19939912 (2), 19888304 (2), 19243600 (2), 17324967 (2), 10559777 (2), 18154661 (1), 15660413 (1), 17934860 (1), 18694726 (1), 15932509 (1), 16173056 (1), 16918500 (1), 18269082 (1), 16023726 (1), 7589134 (1), 18155485 (1), 17993576 (1), 17442617 (1), 20332253 (1), 19369408 (1), 19050323 (1), 16306213 (1), 15005245 (1), 19506561 (1), 11683586 (1), 20153266 (1), 17588584 (1), 18608173 (1) (see top 4)
    ccl3 83.4 145 20047691 (5), 16105698 (5), 18070228 (4), 18270300 (4), 12010572 (3), 17170049 (3), 17183455 (3), 18447713 (2), 19906920 (2), 16840324 (2), 18565769 (2), 15001302 (2), 19406226 (2), 20205697 (2), 15585374 (2), 14533004 (1), 14734774 (1), 18975306 (1), 19270434 (1), 17369706 (1), 17314297 (1), 16413542 (1), 16514065 (1), 16646031 (1), 16126006 (1), 16059715 (1), 15971418 (1), 19740627 (1), 11175801 (1), 17704301 (1), 16844401 (1), 16761312 (1), 16443827 (1), 16106219 (1), 12949243 (1), 11145678 (1), 19892382 (1), 20136829 (1), 19836889 (1), 18048089 (1), 18179747 (1), 17521728 (1), 17228365 (1), 18289346 (1), 17295707 (1), 16110808 (1), 12828562 (1), 20483787 (1), 20215499 (1), 19450895 (1), 19652202 (1), 18177436 (1), 15204927 (1), 12905486 (1), 19067439 (1), 19479862 (1), 19234204 (1), 18662305 (1), 19129447 (1), 18340639 (1), 18390722 (1), 17698927 (1), 17194635 (1), 12936978 (1), 12734364 (1), 12594307 (1), 20195532 (1), 19479998 (1), 18803816 (1), 18353390 (1), 18097222 (1), 16204637 (1), 11813159 (1), 18713987 (1), 19001077 (1), 16099464 (1), 15802346 (1), 19293190 (1), 16501053 (1), 16978607 (1), 18239321 (1) (see top 4)
    groalpha 79.1 60 10540194 (4), 16213701 (4), 16869002 (4), 15044249 (3), 12231210 (3), 16687566 (3), 16542377 (2), 12620497 (2), 11808935 (2), 15975968 (2), 10337033 (2), 10037235 (1), 17353159 (1), 16210642 (1), 17785552 (1), 11106948 (1), 10643698 (1), 10513809 (1), 9626995 (1), 10737895 (1), 9846975 (1), 19597126 (1), 18836244 (1), 17228323 (1), 16336732 (1), 19819721 (1), 10437780 (1), 11163401 (1), 15972545 (1), 10084985 (1) (see top 4)
    tarc 71 41 12911508 (2), 19536139 (2), 14630994 (2), 11533168 (2), 15142882 (2), 12823287 (2), 15975968 (2), 14677179 (1), 15941911 (1), 15952007 (1), 11110672 (1), 16330536 (1), 16316467 (1), 16713992 (1), 16512356 (1), 14691172 (1), 19641312 (1), 9169459 (1), 9430724 (1), 19270434 (1), 9153236 (1), 9169480 (1), 12799214 (1), 19236470 (1) (see top 4)
    grogamma 70.8 8 15832427 (2), 10467937 (2), 15972545 (1), 11808935 (1), 17442617 (1) (see top 4)
    vegf 66.3 386 14574083 (8), 15627719 (7), 16273763 (6), 18385799 (6), 19118698 (5), 20110124 (5), 19924498 (5), 19067736 (5), 19068240 (5), 20446021 (4), 19965844 (4), 17886678 (4), 16423909 (4), 19657897 (4), 19888340 (4), 17627770 (4), 16190362 (3), 19646811 (3), 19012101 (3), 16253280 (3), 16085694 (3), 17672928 (3), 12225819 (3), 19923143 (3), 19177163 (3), 16823865 (3), 18373164 (3), 12962428 (3), 18353310 (3), 18093816 (3), 16586095 (2), 17152990 (2), 16253428 (2), 17239146 (2), 16213115 (2), 20153266 (2), 19211261 (2), 19267924 (2), 19118699 (2), 18955794 (2), 15909160 (2), 17174868 (2), 17136983 (2), 16755088 (2), 15498848 (2), 15148458 (2), 15005786 (2), 17869204 (2), 17418120 (2), 20215499 (2), 19784389 (2), 16410458 (2), 16359995 (2), 15899040 (2), 20061317 (2), 18322021 (2), 17653058 (2), 17523947 (2), 17380299 (2), 18758357 (2), 20018523 (2), 19083194 (2), 18379402 (2), 10727280 (2), 19340571 (2), 17046733 (2), 16377203 (1), 12914774 (1), 17964560 (1), 17924848 (1), 17540857 (1), 17631956 (1), 17027526 (1), 16888236 (1), 16096774 (1), 15824174 (1), 15031350 (1), 19570688 (1), 19189846 (1), 19060280 (1), 18972601 (1), 18486134 (1), 18640260 (1), 18085644 (1), 17936031 (1), 17991428 (1), 16902401 (1), 16569356 (1), 16309586 (1), 18593851 (1), 17997848 (1), 17463417 (1), 16522903 (1), 15921668 (1), 14531805 (1), 12632067 (1), 11510106 (1), 19879157 (1), 16218438 (1) (see top 4)
    mip 1alpha 64.7 9 20205697 (2), 16211583 (1), 15932509 (1), 19506561 (1), 10559777 (1), 19473542 (1), 19308263 (1), 20483755 (1) (see top 4)
    grobeta 62.7 6 15832427 (2), 12556377 (1), 11808935 (1), 17442617 (1)
    bindarit 56.9 13 18827968 (4), 10477401 (2), 17460736 (1), 9507220 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about CCL2 

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section

    REFSEQ mRNAs for CCL2 gene: 
    NM_002982.3  

    Unigene Cluster for CCL2:

    Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2
    Hs.303649  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: BU570769
    4 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000578429 ENST00000580907 ENST00000225831(uc002hhy.3) ENST00000582017


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    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AK311308.1 AK311960.1 BC009716.1 BT007329.1 M24545.1 M28226.1 S69738.1 S71513.1 
    X14768.1 

    5 DOTS entries:

    DT.217745  DT.100795505  DT.100795508  DT.100795510  DT.91845238 

    24/231 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 231):

    R80529 AL697816 NM_002982 CK902136 BI793067 AA047099 AW772091 AI075862 
    S71513 AI692798 CK902135 AI817756 AW241657 BC009716 BE671641 BQ224954 
    BM708613 X14768 AI927247 AI097531 BF850412 AW849229 BM704915 BE858648 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    2 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for CCL2    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1a · 1b ^ 2 ^ 3a · 3b
    SP1:                              
    SP2:                              


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for CCL2

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    CCL2 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: GTACTAGTGT

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)

    About this image

    CCL2 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    4 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells 
    Tissue Anatomical Compartment CellCategory (developmental path)
    PlacentaChorionic VillusVillous Cytotrophoblast CellsExtraembryonic Tissues, Placenta
    PlacentaExtravillous Cytotrophoblast LayerExtravillous Cytotrophoblast CellsExtraembryonic Tissues, Placenta
    HeartMyocardiumCardiac FibroblastsEpicardium
    EyeRetinaEye
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization
    Stem Cell Differentiation: 10/12 LifeMap Cells (see all 12
    NameCategory
    PureStem™ endothelial progenitor 30-SM2-1 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)Endothelium
    PureStem™ progenitor E68 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)
    PureStem™ mesenchymal progenitor 4D20.8 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)Lateral Plate Mesoderm, Neural Crest
    PureStem™ mesenchymal progenitor E15 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)Adipose, Bone, Cartilage
    PureStem™ progenitor E44 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)
    PureStem™ progenitor E69 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)
    PureStem™ progenitor F15 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)
    Definitive endoderm-like cells (Generation and expan...)
    Definitive endoderm-like cells (Generation of mesend...)
    Mesendoderm-like cells (Generation of mesend...)

    See CCL2 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for CCL2

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.303649
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including CCL2 (see all 29): 
              HIV Host Response in human mouse rat
              Multiple Sclerosis in human mouse rat
              Wound Healing in human mouse rat
              Cancer PathwayFinder in human mouse rat
              Inflammasomes in human mouse rat

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    In Situ
    Assay Products:
     

     
    Search Advanced Cell Diagnostics for RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for CCL2

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section

    This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

    Orthologs for CCL2 gene from 1/8 species (see all 8)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification
    Gene Description Human
    Similarity
    Orthology
    Type
    Details
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)
    Actinopterygii si:dkeyp-59a8.36
    si:dkeyp-59a8.16
    (see all 6)
    si:dkeyp-59a8.1
    (see all 6)
    32(a)
    31(a)
    (see all 6)
    many ↔ many
    many ↔ many
    (see all 6)
    20(38310380-38311158)
    20(38282475-38302293)


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for CCL2 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for CCL2 (if available) 

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for CCL2 gene
    CCL152  CCL162  CCL142  CCL242  CCL4L12  CCL112  CCL72  CCL4L22  
    CCL3L12  CCL52  CCL232  CCL3L32  CCL42  CCL82  CCL132  CCL262  
    CCL32  CCL182  
    18/27 SIMAP similar genes for CCL2 using alignment to 2 protein entries:     CCL2_HUMAN (see all proteins) (see all similar genes):
    MCP1    CCL11    CCL8    CCL7    MCP-3    CCL13
    CCL3L1    CCL3L3    CCL4    CCL4L2    LOC728835    CCL4L1
    CCL3    CX3CL1    CCL18    CCL26    CCL14    CCL1

    CCL2 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CCL2_HUMAN, P13500
    Polymorphism: Genetic variations in CCL2 determine Mycobacterium tuberculosis susceptibility [MIM:607948]


    10/72 NCBI SNPs in CCL2 are shown (see all 72    About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance
    Chr 17 posSequence#AA
    Chg
    TypeMore#Allele
    freq
    PopTotal
    sample
    More
    ----------
    rs39178861,2
    C,--28765945(+) GAGATT/ACTGGA 1 -- us2k15Minor allele frequency- A:0.03NS NA WA 216
    rs28576551,2
    C,F,H,--28766555(+) GTCCCT/ATGGAA 1 -- us2k125Minor allele frequency- A:0.02NS EA NA 2309
    rs10145421,2
    C--28766581(+) AGGAGA/CATAGC 1 -- us2k12Minor allele frequency- C:0.00NA 4
    rs37603981,2
    C,F,--28766700(-) GGGCAG/CACAGC 1 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- C:0.02EA 120
    rs37603971,2
    C,H--28766720(-) GTCCTC/TAGCAT 1 -- us2k13Minor allele frequency- T:0.00NS NA 230
    rs115750101,2
    F,--28767242(+) TAAGCT/CGGCAG 1 -- us2k13Minor allele frequency- C:0.04NA CSA WA 162
    rs39179041,2
    C--28767273(+) CTAGTT/ATCCTC 1 -- us2k14Minor allele frequency- A:0.01NS NA 96
    rs749881511,2
    F,--28767539(+) CCTCCT/CGCTTG 1 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- C:0.03WA 118
    rs115750111,2
    F--28767550(+) ACTCCG/TCCCTC 1 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- T:0.05NA 38
    rs115750121,2
    F--28767553(+) CCGCCC/TTCTCT 1 -- us2k1 trp31Minor allele frequency- T:0.07NA 40

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for CCL2 (32582237 - 32584222 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
          Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for CCL2: --
    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): CCL2

    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
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    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    CCL2 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 158105   
    OMIM disorders: 609423  182940  607948  
    20/353 diseases for CCL2 (see all 353):    About MalaCards
    rheumatoid arthritis    erdheim-chester disease    alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency    tick-borne encephalitis
    psoriasis    pulmonary alveolar proteinosis    adult-onset still's disease    atherosclerosis
    steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome    relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis    arthritis    periapical granuloma
    coronary artery disease, modifier of    venezuelan equine encephalitis    spina bifida    hermansky-pudlak syndrome
    arterial occlusive disease    hypersensitivity reaction type ii disease    migraine without aura    sympathetic ophthalmia

    15 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for CCL2:
    Atherosclerosis     Kidney disease     Diabetes mellitus     Arthritis
    Heart disease     Hypersensitivity reaction type II disease     Asthma     Cancer
    Multiple sclerosis     Connective tissue disease     Hypertension     Pneumonia
    Interstitial lung disease     Endometriosis     Encephalitis

    10/96 Novoseek disease relationships for CCL2 gene (see all 96)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    inflammation 86.3 568 15104334 (4), 11739289 (4), 17977946 (4), 7891256 (3) (see all 99)
    necrosis 82.7 1069 15626982 (5), 7635182 (3), 15223398 (3), 16407046 (3) (see all 99)
    atherosclerosis 79.6 284 17521622 (5), 15894320 (4), 15519012 (4), 12578870 (3) (see all 99)
    tumors 67.6 1198 15883814 (5), 9111518 (5), 16278381 (5), 15626982 (5) (see all 99)
    atherosclerotic plaque 65.6 35 14739122 (2), 16934270 (1), 19566488 (1), 19656094 (1) (see all 23)
    bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 56.3 42 8890891 (3), 10515417 (2), 10489845 (2), 8616572 (1) (see all 30)
    rheumatoid arthritis 56.3 60 16740681 (3), 12826377 (2), 11411959 (2), 14626631 (2) (see all 40)
    lupus nephritis 53.8 45 11780369 (7), 8558841 (6), 16334978 (4), 15119544 (2) (see all 17)
    cardiovascular diseases 53.7 39 19566488 (3), 15030267 (3), 15627719 (2), 11919402 (1) (see all 20)
    insulin resistance 53.6 86 18762729 (5), 15349727 (4), 19361458 (4), 15063799 (3) (see all 33)

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): CCL2
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: CCL2 (260 documents)

    Export disorders for CCL2 gene to outside databases

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for CCL2 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 3690):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with CCL2)
        Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. A functional promoter polymorphism in monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is associated with increased susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis. (PubMed id 16352737)1, 2, 4, 9 Flores-Villanueva P.O.... Granados J. (2005)
    2. Polymorphism of the monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) gene is associated with the plasma level of MCP-1 but not with carotid intima-media thickness. (PubMed id 14620921)1, 4, 9 Tabara Y....Miki T. (2003)
    3. CCL2 polymorphisms are associated with serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels and myocardial infarction in the Framingham Heart Study. (PubMed id 16116069)1, 4, 9 McDermott D.H....Benjamin E.J. (2005)
    4. MCP-1 gene (SCYA2) and schizophrenia: a case-control association study. (PubMed id 15389752)1, 4, 9 Mundo E....Gennarelli M. (2005)
    5. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) gene polymorphism and risk of Alzheimer's disease in Italians. (PubMed id 15288699)1, 4, 9 Pola R....Pola P. (2004)
    6. Caucasian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have elevated levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 that are not influenced by the -2518 A-->G promoter polymorphism. (PubMed id 16050950)1, 4, 9 Zietz B....Schaffler A. (2005)
    7. Association study of functional genetic variants of innate immunity related genes in celiac disease. (PubMed id 16078996)1, 4, 9 Rueda B....Koeleman B.P. (2005)
    8. MCP-1 gene regulatory region polymorphism in Chinese children with mild, moderate and near-fatal asthma. (PubMed id 15005768)1, 4, 9 Yao T.C....Huang J.L. (2004)
    9. Polymorphism of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 in Crohn's disease. (PubMed id 12904997)1, 4, 9 Herfarth H....Rogler G. (2003)
    10. Polymorphism in the gene regulatory region of MCP-1 is associated with asthma susceptibility and severity. (PubMed id 11544456)1, 4, 9 Szalai C....Falus A. (2001)

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  

      Query String
    PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 6347 HGNC: 10618 AceView: CCL2 Ensembl:ENSG00000108691 euGenes: HUgn6347
    ECgene: CCL2 Kegg: 6347 H-InvDB: CCL2

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
      --

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for CCL2 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for CCL2 Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
    Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCL2
    SeattleSNPshttp://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/scya2/

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    Patent Information for CCL2 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving CCL2

    Licensable Technologies for CCL2 gene:
    Weizmann Institute:CCL2 for the Treatment of Inflammation
    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



    (Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences),
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    About This Section

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    GeneCards Homepage - Last full update: 19 Mar 2013 - Incrementals: 21 Mar 2013 , 15 Apr 2013 , 27 Apr 2013

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    VWF
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    von Willebrand factor
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