Aliases for CATSPER3 Gene
Aliases for CATSPER3 Gene
External Ids for CATSPER3 Gene
- HGNC: 20819
- Entrez Gene: 347732
- Ensembl: ENSG00000152705
- OMIM: 609120
- UniProtKB: Q86XQ3
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for CATSPER3 Gene
- GC05P134334
- GC05P134379
- GC05P134331
- GC05P129491
Summaries for CATSPER3 Gene
GeneCards Summary for CATSPER3 Gene
CATSPER3 (Cation Channel Sperm Associated 3) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are Fertilization. GO annotations related to this gene include ion channel activity and calcium activated cation channel activity. An important paralog of this gene is CATSPER2.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for CATSPER3 Gene
-
Voltage-gated calcium channel that plays a central role in calcium-dependent physiological responses essential for successful fertilization, such as sperm hyperactivation, acrosome reaction and chemotaxis towards the oocyte.
No data available for Entrez Gene Summary , CIViC summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for CATSPER3 Gene
Genomics for CATSPER3 Gene
Regulatory Elements for CATSPER3 Gene
| GeneHancer Identifier | Enhancer Score | Enhancer Sources | Gene-Enhancer Score | TSS distance (kb) | Number of Genes Away | Size (kb) | Transcription Factor Binding Sites within enhancer | Gene Targets for Enhancer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GH05G135137 | 1.8 | FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE dbSUPER | 10.5 | +172.1 | 172136 | 5.9 | FOXA2 PKNOX1 ARNT BRCA1 GLIS2 FOS DEK SP5 SMARCB1 SSRP1 | PITX1 CATSPER3 LOC105379188 C5orf66-AS2 |
| GH05G135155 | 1.3 | ENCODE dbSUPER | 10.6 | +188.8 | 188819 | 2.1 | HDGF FOXA2 MLX ARNT ARID4B DMAP1 ZNF48 SP5 MXD4 NFYC | CATSPER3 LOC105379188 C5orf66-AS2 |
| GH05G135159 | 1.1 | ENCODE dbSUPER | 10.6 | +190.2 | 190220 | 0.2 | BCOR HDGF CBX3 PTBP1 ARNT TAL1 TCF12 FOXM1 GATA2 POLR2A | CATSPER3 LOC105379188 C5orf66-AS2 |
| GH05G135158 | 0.8 | ENCODE | 10.6 | +191.5 | 191461 | 1.5 | HDAC1 ELF3 FOXA2 CBX3 TCF12 GATA2 SP5 PPARG NFIC SMARCA4 | CATSPER3 LOC105379188 C5orf66-AS2 |
| GH05G134576 | 1.1 | ENCODE dbSUPER | 4.5 | -390.4 | -390411 | 2.1 | ELF3 HDGF RB1 ARNT WRNIP1 ARID4B ZNF48 RAD21 ZNF366 ZNF143 | SEC24A SAR1B CATSPER3 TXNDC15 GC05M134578 GC05M134520 |
- Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the CATSPER3 gene promoter:
Regulatory Element Products
Genomic Location for CATSPER3 Gene
- Chromosome:
- 5
- Start:
- 134,967,906 bp from pter
- End:
- 135,011,707 bp from pter
- Size:
- 43,802 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
Genomic View for CATSPER3 Gene
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 5q31.1 by Ensembl
- 5q31.1 by Entrez Gene
- 5q31.1 by HGNC
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for CATSPER3 Gene
Proteins for CATSPER3 Gene
-
Protein details for CATSPER3 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- Q86XQ3-CTSR3_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Cation channel sperm-associated protein 3
- Protein Accession:
- Q86XQ3
- Q86XS6
Protein attributes for CATSPER3 Gene
- Size:
- 398 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 46422 Da
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Heterotetramer; possibly composed of CATSPER1, CATSPER2, CATSPER3 and CATSPER4 (Potential). Component of the CatSper complex. Interacts with CATSPER1 (By similarity).
Protein Expression for CATSPER3 Gene
Post-translational modifications for CATSPER3 Gene
Other Protein References for CATSPER3 Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- Invitrogen Antibodies for CATSPER3
- antibodies-online Antibodies for CATSPER3: See all 17
- Search GeneTex for Antibodies for CATSPER3
Protein Products
-
OriGene Purified Proteins for CATSPER3
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for CATSPER3
- Origene Custom Protein Services for CATSPER3
- Search GeneTex for Proteins for CATSPER3
Assay Products
- antibodies-online Kits for CATSPER3: See all 3
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for CATSPER3 Gene
Domains & Families for CATSPER3 Gene
Gene Families for CATSPER3 Gene
- HGNC:
- IUPHAR :
Protein Domains for CATSPER3 Gene
- InterPro:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for CATSPER3 Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
Q86XQ3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:
CTSR3_HUMAN :- Belongs to the cation channel sperm-associated (TC 1.A.1.19) family.
- Family:
-
- Belongs to the cation channel sperm-associated (TC 1.A.1.19) family.
Function for CATSPER3 Gene
Molecular function for CATSPER3 Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot EnzymeRegulation:
- The CatSper calcium channel is indirectly activated by extracellular progesterone and prostaglandins following the sequence: progesterone > PGF1-alpha = PGE1 > PGA1 > PGE2 >> PGD2 (PubMed:21412338, PubMed:21412339, PubMed:26989199). The CatSper calcium channel is directly inhibited by endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2AG) (PubMed:26989199). Indirect activation by progesterone takes place via the following mechanism: progesterone binds and activates the acylglycerol lipase ABHD2, which in turn mediates hydrolysis of 2AG inhibitor, relieving inhibition of the CatSper channel (PubMed:26989199). The primary effect of progesterone activation is to shift voltage dependence towards more physiological, negative membrane potentials; it is not mediated by metabotropic receptors and second messengers (PubMed:21412338, PubMed:21412339). Sperm capacitation enhances the effect of progesterone by providing additional negative shift. Also activated by the elevation of intracellular pH (PubMed:21412338, PubMed:21412339).
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Voltage-gated calcium channel that plays a central role in calcium-dependent physiological responses essential for successful fertilization, such as sperm hyperactivation, acrosome reaction and chemotaxis towards the oocyte.
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005216 | ion channel activity | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005244 | voltage-gated ion channel activity | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005245 | voltage-gated calcium channel activity | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005261 | cation channel activity | IBA | -- |
| GO:0005262 | calcium channel activity | IEA | -- |
Phenotypes for CATSPER3 Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for CATSPER3:
- inferred from 3 alleles
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for CATSPER3:
Animal Models for CATSPER3 Gene
Animal Model Products
-
Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for CATSPER3
- Cyagen custom Knockout/knockin (KOKI) mouse models for CATSPER3
-
-
ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for CATSPER3 gene
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for CATSPER3 gene
- Search ViGene Biosciences for CATSPER3
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for CATSPER3
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for CATSPER3
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for CATSPER3
miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for CATSPER3
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shRNA, siRNA, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for CATSPER3
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For CATSPER3
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for CATSPER3 gene
Clone Products
-
OriGene ORF clones in human for CATSPER3
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for CATSPER3
- VectorBuilder custom lentivirus, adenovirus, AAV vector/virus packaging for CATSPER3
-
VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
Cell Line Products
-
Horizon Cell Lines for CATSPER3
-
ViGene Biosciences adenoviral particle packaged cDNA for CATSPER3 gene
-
ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for CATSPER3 gene
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for CATSPER3 gene
Flow Cytometry Products
No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Human Phenotype Ontology , miRNA , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for CATSPER3 Gene
Localization for CATSPER3 Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for CATSPER3 Gene
- Cell projection, cilium, flagellum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Note=Specifically located in the principal piece of sperm tail.
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0001669 | acrosomal vesicle | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005783 | endoplasmic reticulum | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005886 | plasma membrane | TAS | -- |
| GO:0005929 | cilium | IEA | -- |
| GO:0016020 | membrane | IEA | -- |
Pathways & Interactions for CATSPER3 Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fertilization |
1.00
1.00
|
|
Pathways by source for CATSPER3 Gene
3 Reactome pathways for CATSPER3 Gene
Interacting Proteins for CATSPER3 Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0006810 | transport | IEA | -- |
| GO:0006811 | ion transport | IEA | -- |
| GO:0006814 | sodium ion transport | IEA | -- |
| GO:0006816 | calcium ion transport | IBA,IEA | -- |
| GO:0007275 | multicellular organism development | IEA | -- |
No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for CATSPER3 Gene
Drugs & Compounds for CATSPER3 Gene
| Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Progesterone | Approved, Vet_approved | Pharma | Full agonist, Activator, inhibitor | Endogenous progesterone receptor agonist | 559 | |
| Mibefradil | Withdrawn | Pharma | Channel blocker, blocker | Calcium channel blocker | 3 | |
| NNC55-0396 | Pharma | Inhibition, Pore Blocker | 0 | |||
| PGE<sub>1</sub> | Pharma | Full agonist, Activator | 0 | |||
| PGE<sub>2</sub> | Pharma | Full agonist, Activator | 0 |
| Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PGF<sub>1alpha</sub> |
|
Full agonist, Activator |
|
Transcripts for CATSPER3 Gene
mRNA/cDNA for CATSPER3 Gene
- (1) REFSEQ mRNAs :
- (5) Additional mRNA sequences :
- (82) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
- (2) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :
Unigene Clusters for CATSPER3 Gene
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for CATSPER3
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for CATSPER3
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for CATSPER3
miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for CATSPER3
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shRNA, siRNA, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for CATSPER3
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For CATSPER3
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for CATSPER3 gene
Clone Products
-
OriGene ORF clones in human for CATSPER3
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for CATSPER3
- VectorBuilder custom lentivirus, adenovirus, AAV vector/virus packaging for CATSPER3
-
VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
Flow Cytometry Products
Expression for CATSPER3 Gene
mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for CATSPER3 Gene
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, PaxDb, and MOPED for CATSPER3 Gene
NURSA nuclear receptor signaling pathways regulating expression of CATSPER3 Gene:
CATSPER3SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for CATSPER3 Gene:
Hs.631804mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for CATSPER3 Gene:
Q86XQ3-CTSR3_HUMANEvidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for CATSPER3 Gene
- Nervous system(4)
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for CATSPER3
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for CATSPER3
No data available for Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for CATSPER3 Gene
Orthologs for CATSPER3 Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | CATSPER3 34 35 |
|
||
| dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | CATSPER3 34 35 |
|
||
| cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | CATSPER3 34 35 |
|
||
| mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Catsper3 34 16 35 |
|
||
| rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Catsper3 34 |
|
||
| oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | CATSPER3 35 |
|
OneToOne | |
| lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | CATSPER3 35 |
|
OneToOne | |
| sea squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | -- 35 |
|
OneToOne |
- Species where no ortholog for CATSPER3 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- chicken (Gallus gallus)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
- green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
- malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- pig (Sus scrofa)
- platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
- rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- rice (Oryza sativa)
- rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- soybean (Glycine max)
- stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis)
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
- zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Paralogs for CATSPER3 Gene
Variants for CATSPER3 Gene
| SNP ID | Clin | Chr 05 pos | Sequence Context | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs1000004533 | -- | 134,997,016(+) | TTGCT(A/G)AAAAC | intron-variant | |
| rs1000114835 | -- | 135,007,710(+) | CAGAC(A/G)CTGGT | intron-variant | |
| rs1000217408 | -- | 135,011,678(+) | CCCTA(C/T)TAAAC | utr-variant-3-prime | |
| rs1000300586 | -- | 134,987,441(+) | AACTC(A/T)ACCAA | intron-variant | |
| rs1000327603 | -- | 134,970,562(+) | TGACA(C/T)GGTGG | intron-variant |
Relevant External Links for CATSPER3 Gene
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for CATSPER3 Gene
Disorders for CATSPER3 Gene
Relevant External Links for CATSPER3
No disorders were found for CATSPER3 Gene.
No data available for MalaCards , UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for CATSPER3 Gene
Publications for CATSPER3 Gene
- Identification of human and mouse CatSper3 and CatSper4 genes: characterisation of a common interaction domain and evidence for expression in testis. (PMID: 12932298) Lobley A. … Michalovich D. (Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol. 2003) 2 3 4 22 64
- Cloning of a novel one-repeat calcium channel-like gene. (PMID: 12646162) Arias J.M. … Perez-Reyes E. (Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2003) 2 3 4 64
- Many sequence variants affecting diversity of adult human height. (PMID: 18391951) Gudbjartsson D.F. … Stefansson K. (Nat. Genet. 2008) 3 46 64
- All four CatSper ion channel proteins are required for male fertility and sperm cell hyperactivated motility. (PMID: 17227845) Qi H. … Clapham D.E. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2007) 2 3 64
- Expression of CatSper family transcripts in the mouse testis during post-natal development and human ejaculated spermatozoa: relationship to sperm motility. (PMID: 17347248) Li H.-G. … Xiong C.-L. (Mol. Hum. Reprod. 2007) 4 22 64
Products for CATSPER3 Gene
- Browse R&D Systems for Antibodies
- Browse R&D Systems for Human Recombinant Proteins
- Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
- Browse Primary Antibodies
- Browse Proteins and Enzymes
- Browse ELISAs
- Browse Activity Assays
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- Browse Cell Culture Products
- Browse Cell Selection and Detection Kits
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- Custom Antibody Services
- Browse OriGene ELISA Kits
- Custom Assay Services
- OriGene Purified Proteins for CATSPER3
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for CATSPER3
- Origene Custom Protein Services for CATSPER3
- Origene shRNA, siRNA, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for CATSPER3
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For CATSPER3
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for CATSPER3
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs for CATSPER3
- OriGene CRISPR knockouts for CATSPER3
- OriGene ORF clones in human for CATSPER3
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
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- GenScript: Next-day shipping cDNA ORF clone for CATSPER3 in any vector
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- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for CATSPER3
- Design optimal peptide antigens
- CloneReady with Over 120,000 Genes
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- Novus Biologicals proteins and lysates for CATSPER3
- Novus Biologicals
- Novus Biologicals Tissue Microarrays
- Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for CATSPER3
- Find your next knockout model in the Taconic Knockout Repository
- Genetically Engineered Models Available Immediately
- Humanized Mice
- antibodies-online Antibodies for CATSPER3: See all 17
- antibodies-online Kits for CATSPER3: See all 3
- Search antibodies-online for proteins
- Search antibodies-online for peptides
- Search GeneTex for Antibodies for CATSPER3
- Search GeneTex for Proteins for CATSPER3
- ViGene Biosciences adenoviral particle packaged cDNA for CATSPER3 gene
- ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for CATSPER3 gene
- ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for CATSPER3 gene
- Search ViGene Biosciences for CATSPER3
- Horizon Cell Lines for CATSPER3
- Cyagen custom Knockout/knockin (KOKI) mouse models for CATSPER3
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for CATSPER3
- VectorBuilder custom lentivirus, adenovirus, AAV vector/virus packaging for CATSPER3
- VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
Sources for CATSPER3 Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) EntrezGene
- (4) Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) GO
- (12) TrEMBL
- (13) InterPro
- (14) ProtoNet
- (15) Blocks
- (16) MGI
- (17) IUBMB
- (18) KEGG
- (19) MINT
- (20) STRING
- (21) IntAct
- (22) Novoseek
- (23) PharmGKB
- (24) DrugBank
- (25) HMDB
- (26) UniGene
- (27) AceView
- (28) RNAdb
- (29) ASD
- (30) ECgene
- (31) GeneAnnot
- (32) CGAP SAGE
- (33) SOURCE
- (34) HomoloGene
- (35) PanEnsembl
- (36) euGenes
- (37) SGD
- (38) FlyBase
- (39) WormBase
- (40) Pseudogene
- (41) DGV
- (42) dbSNP
- (43) GenAtlas
- (44) GeneTests
- (45) HGMD
- (46) GAD
- (47) LSDB
- (48) BGMUT
- (49) HuGE
- (50) eBioscience
- (51) Atlas
- (52) Cell Signaling Technology
- (53) GenBank
- (54) H-invDB
- (55) HORDE
- (56) HUGE
- (57) IMGT
- (58) Leiden
- (59) MILLIPORE
- (60) miRBase
- (61) DME
- (62) NCBI
- (63) OriGene
- (64) PubMed
- (65) R&D Systems
- (66) TGDB
- (67) Tocris
- (68) Abcam
- (69) Novus
- (70) ProSpec
- (71) Sino Biological
- (72) GenScript
- (73) Qiagen
- (74) Cloud-Clone Corp.
- (75) Enzo Life Sciences
- (76) OCA
- (77) Proteopedia
- (78) MOPED
- (79) SPIRE
- (80) neXtProt
- (81) Reactome
- (82) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (83) fRNAdb
- (84) DISEASES
- (85) SIMAP
- (86) GenomeRNAi
- (87) LifeMap
- (88) miRTarBase
- (89) MalaCards
- (90) Invitrogen
- (91) BitterDB
- (92) Vector BioLabs
- (93) ESI-BIO
- (94) RefSeq
- (95) BioSystems
- (96) MaxQB
- (97) IUPHAR
- (98) BioGPS
- (99) Illumina
- (100) COMPARTMENTS
- (101) HOMER
- (102) PaxDb
- (103) ApexBio
- (104) Addgene
- (105) antibodies-online
- (106) CYP
- (107) NONCODE
- (108) SwitchGear Genomics
- (109) TreeFam
- (110) PathCards
- (111) GeneReviews
- (112) GeneTex
- (113) Taconic Biosciences
- (114) GTEx
- (115) ProteomicsDB
- (116) SCBT
- (117) DGIdb
- (118) ClinicalTrials
- (119) FDA Approved Drugs
- (120) RVIS
- (121) SIGNOR
- (122) diseasecard
- (123) NIH Rare Diseases
- (124) Orphanet
- (125) UMLS
- (126) GTR
- (127) Disease Ontology
- (128) Genetics Home Reference
- (129) MeSH
- (130) MedlinePlus
- (131) CDC
- (132) NINDS
- (133) NCBI Bookshelf
- (134) ClinVar
- (135) Gene Damage Index
- (136) ViGene Biosciences
- (137) HPO
- (138) UDN
- (139) VISTA
- (140) FANTOM5
- (141) ENCODE
- (142) ProSci
- (143) Horizon
- (144) NURSA
- (145) IID
- (146) Cyagen
- (147) VectorBuilder
- (148) SNPedia
- (149) BRCA Exchange
- (150) St John's Lab
- (151) CIViC
- (152) ProteoGenix
- (153) dbSUPER
- (154) TISSUES
- (155) Gene ORGANizer




