Aliases for CATSPER2 Gene
Aliases for CATSPER2 Gene
External Ids for CATSPER2 Gene
- HGNC: 18810
- Entrez Gene: 117155
- Ensembl: ENSG00000166762
- OMIM: 607249
- UniProtKB: Q96P56
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for CATSPER2 Gene
- GC15M039290
- GC15M036818
- GC15M041501
- GC15M041638
- GC15M041710
- GC15M043920
- GC15M020752
Summaries for CATSPER2 Gene
-
This gene encodes a member of a family of cation channel proteins that localize to the flagellum of spermatozoa. Defects at this locus causes male infertility. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed at this locus. Readthrough transcription originates upstream of this locus in diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate kinase 1 pseudogene 1 and is represented by GeneID:110006325. Related pseudogenes are found next to this locus on chromosome 15 and on chromosome 5. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017]
GeneCards Summary for CATSPER2 Gene
CATSPER2 (Cation Channel Sperm Associated 2) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CATSPER2 include Deafness-Infertility Syndrome and Catsper-Related Male Infertility. Among its related pathways are Fertilization and Sweet Taste Signaling. GO annotations related to this gene include ion channel activity and voltage-gated ion channel activity. An important paralog of this gene is CATSPER4.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for CATSPER2 Gene
-
Voltage-gated calcium channel that plays a central role in calcium-dependent physiological responses essential for successful fertilization, such as sperm hyperactivation, acrosome reaction and chemotaxis towards the oocyte.
No data available for CIViC summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for CATSPER2 Gene
Genomics for CATSPER2 Gene
Regulatory Elements for CATSPER2 Gene
- Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the CATSPER2 gene promoter:
Regulatory Element Products
Genomic Location for CATSPER2 Gene
- Chromosome:
- 15
- Start:
- 43,628,503 bp from pter
- End:
- 43,668,118 bp from pter
- Size:
- 39,616 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
Genomic View for CATSPER2 Gene
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 15q15.3 by Ensembl
- 15q15.3 by Entrez Gene
- 15q15.3 by HGNC
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for CATSPER2 Gene
Proteins for CATSPER2 Gene
-
Protein details for CATSPER2 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- Q96P56-CTSR2_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Cation channel sperm-associated protein 2
- Protein Accession:
- Q96P56
- Q8NHT9
- Q96P54
- Q96P55
Protein attributes for CATSPER2 Gene
- Size:
- 530 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 62041 Da
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Heterotetramer; possibly composed of CATSPER1, CATSPER2, CATSPER3 and CATSPER4 (Potential). Component of the CatSper complex. Interacts with Ca(v)3.3/CACNA1I, leading to suppress T-type calcium channel activity.
Protein Expression for CATSPER2 Gene
Post-translational modifications for CATSPER2 Gene
Other Protein References for CATSPER2 Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
-
Abcam antibodies for CATSPER2
- Invitrogen Antibodies for CATSPER2
- antibodies-online Antibodies for CATSPER2: See all 45
- GeneTex CATSPER2 antibody for CATSPER2
Protein Products
-
OriGene Purified Proteins for CATSPER2
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for CATSPER2
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- Novus Biologicals lysates for CATSPER2
- Search GeneTex for Proteins for CATSPER2
Assay Products
- antibodies-online Kits for CATSPER2: See all 3
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for CATSPER2 Gene
Domains & Families for CATSPER2 Gene
Gene Families for CATSPER2 Gene
- HGNC:
- IUPHAR :
Protein Domains for CATSPER2 Gene
- InterPro:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for CATSPER2 Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
Q96P56UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:
CTSR2_HUMAN :- Belongs to the cation channel sperm-associated (TC 1.A.1.19) family.
- Family:
-
- Belongs to the cation channel sperm-associated (TC 1.A.1.19) family.
Function for CATSPER2 Gene
Molecular function for CATSPER2 Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot EnzymeRegulation:
- The CatSper calcium channel is indirectly activated by extracellular progesterone and prostaglandins following the sequence: progesterone > PGF1-alpha = PGE1 > PGA1 > PGE2 >> PGD2 (PubMed:21412338, PubMed:21412339, PubMed:26989199). The CatSper calcium channel is directly inhibited by endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2AG) (PubMed:26989199). Indirect activation by progesterone takes place via the following mechanism: progesterone binds and activates the acylglycerol lipase ABHD2, which in turn mediates hydrolysis of 2AG inhibitor, relieving inhibition of the CatSper channel (PubMed:26989199). The primary effect of progesterone activation is to shift voltage dependence towards more physiological, negative membrane potentials; it is not mediated by metabotropic receptors and second messengers (PubMed:21412338, PubMed:21412339). Sperm capacitation enhances the effect of progesterone by providing additional negative shift. Also activated by the elevation of intracellular pH (PubMed:21412338, PubMed:21412339).
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Voltage-gated calcium channel that plays a central role in calcium-dependent physiological responses essential for successful fertilization, such as sperm hyperactivation, acrosome reaction and chemotaxis towards the oocyte.
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005227 | calcium activated cation channel activity | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005244 | voltage-gated ion channel activity | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005248 | voltage-gated sodium channel activity | IBA | -- |
| GO:0005262 | calcium channel activity | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005515 | protein binding | IPI | 16740636 |
Phenotypes for CATSPER2 Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for CATSPER2:
- inferred from 1 alleles
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for CATSPER2:
Animal Models for CATSPER2 Gene
- MGI Knock Outs for CATSPER2:
-
- Catsper2 tm1Gar
Animal Model Products
- Taconic Biosciences: Generate A Custom CRISPR Mouse Model For Your Study
- Cyagen custom Knockout/knockin (KOKI) mouse models for CATSPER2
-
-
ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for CATSPER2 gene
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for CATSPER2 gene
- Search ViGene Biosciences for CATSPER2
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for CATSPER2
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for CATSPER2
miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for CATSPER2
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shRNA, siRNA, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for CATSPER2
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For CATSPER2
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for CATSPER2 gene
Clone Products
- Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for CATSPER2
- VectorBuilder custom lentivirus, adenovirus, AAV vector/virus packaging for CATSPER2
-
VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
Cell Line Products
-
Horizon Cell Lines for CATSPER2
-
ViGene Biosciences adenoviral particle packaged cDNA for CATSPER2 gene
-
ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for CATSPER2 gene
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for CATSPER2 gene
Flow Cytometry Products
No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , miRNA , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for CATSPER2 Gene
Localization for CATSPER2 Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for CATSPER2 Gene
- Cell projection, cilium, flagellum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Note=Specifically located in the principal piece of sperm tail.
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005886 | plasma membrane | TAS | -- |
| GO:0005929 | cilium | IEA | -- |
| GO:0016020 | membrane | IEA | -- |
| GO:0016021 | integral component of membrane | IEA | -- |
| GO:0031514 | motile cilium | IEA | -- |
Pathways & Interactions for CATSPER2 Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fertilization |
1.00
1.00
|
|
| 2 | Sweet Taste Signaling |
.37
|
|
Pathways by source for CATSPER2 Gene
3 Reactome pathways for CATSPER2 Gene
1 Qiagen pathway for CATSPER2 Gene
Interacting Proteins for CATSPER2 Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0006810 | transport | IEA | -- |
| GO:0006811 | ion transport | IEA | -- |
| GO:0006816 | calcium ion transport | IEA | -- |
| GO:0007275 | multicellular organism development | IEA | -- |
| GO:0007283 | spermatogenesis | IEA | -- |
No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for CATSPER2 Gene
Drugs & Compounds for CATSPER2 Gene
| Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Progesterone | Approved, Vet_approved | Pharma | Full agonist, Activator, inhibitor | Endogenous progesterone receptor agonist | 559 | |
| Mibefradil | Withdrawn | Pharma | Channel blocker, blocker | Calcium channel blocker | 3 | |
| NNC55-0396 | Pharma | Inhibition, Pore Blocker | 0 | |||
| PGE<sub>1</sub> | Pharma | Full agonist, Activator | 0 | |||
| PGE<sub>2</sub> | Pharma | Full agonist, Activator | 0 |
| Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PGF<sub>1alpha</sub> |
|
Full agonist, Activator |
|
Transcripts for CATSPER2 Gene
mRNA/cDNA for CATSPER2 Gene
- (6) REFSEQ mRNAs :
- (8) Additional mRNA sequences :
- (97) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
- (12) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :
Unigene Clusters for CATSPER2 Gene
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for CATSPER2
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for CATSPER2
miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for CATSPER2
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shRNA, siRNA, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for CATSPER2
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For CATSPER2
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for CATSPER2 gene
Clone Products
- Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for CATSPER2
- VectorBuilder custom lentivirus, adenovirus, AAV vector/virus packaging for CATSPER2
-
VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
Flow Cytometry Products
| ExUns: | 1a | · | 1b | ^ | 2 | ^ | 3 | ^ | 4 | ^ | 5 | ^ | 6 | ^ | 7 | ^ | 8 | ^ | 9 | ^ | 10a | · | 10b | ^ | 11 | ^ | 12 | ^ | 13 | ^ | 14a | · | 14b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SP1: | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP2: | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP3: | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP4: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP5: |
Expression for CATSPER2 Gene
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for CATSPER2 Gene
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB and MOPED for CATSPER2 Gene
NURSA nuclear receptor signaling pathways regulating expression of CATSPER2 Gene:
CATSPER2SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for CATSPER2 Gene:
Hs.662284mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for CATSPER2 Gene:
Q96P56-CTSR2_HUMANEvidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for CATSPER2 Gene
- Nervous system(4.3)
Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for CATSPER2 Gene
- ectoderm
- mesoderm
- nervous
- reproductive
- brain
- cranial nerve
- ear
- head
- inner ear
- testicle
- peripheral nervous system
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for CATSPER2
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for CATSPER2
No data available for mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery for CATSPER2 Gene
Orthologs for CATSPER2 Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | CATSPER2 34 35 |
|
||
| dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | CATSPER2 34 35 |
|
||
| cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | CATSPER2 34 35 |
|
||
| mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Catsper2 34 16 35 |
|
||
| rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Catsper2 34 |
|
||
| oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | CATSPER2 35 |
|
OneToOne | |
| platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | CATSPER2 35 |
|
OneToOne | |
| lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | CATSPER2 35 |
|
OneToOne | |
| sea squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | -- 35 |
|
OneToOne |
- Species where no ortholog for CATSPER2 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- chicken (Gallus gallus)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
- green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
- malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- pig (Sus scrofa)
- rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- rice (Oryza sativa)
- rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- soybean (Glycine max)
- stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis)
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
- zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Paralogs for CATSPER2 Gene
(2) SIMAP similar genes for CATSPER2 Gene using alignment to 6 proteins:
Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for CATSPER2 Gene
Variants for CATSPER2 Gene
| SNP ID | Clin | Chr 15 pos | Sequence Context | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs1000388056 | -- | 43,648,136(+) | CTGTC(C/T)CCTCC | intron-variant, upstream-variant-2KB | |
| rs1000420486 | -- | 43,648,384(+) | CAGCC(A/G)CAAGG | intron-variant, upstream-variant-2KB | |
| rs1000751758 | -- | 43,649,077(+) | GTCCC(-/AGCCG)AGCCG | upstream-variant-2KB | |
| rs1000772111 | -- | 43,648,996(+) | TGGGA(A/C)CTCCG | upstream-variant-2KB | |
| rs1000899631 | -- | 43,637,731(+) | CCGAA(A/G)TGAGC | intron-variant |
Relevant External Links for CATSPER2 Gene
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for CATSPER2 Gene
Disorders for CATSPER2 Gene
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| deafness-infertility syndrome |
|
|
| catsper-related male infertility |
|
|
| male infertility |
|
|
| infertility |
|
|
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
CTSR2_HUMAN- Deafness-infertility syndrome (DIS) [MIM:611102]: Characterized by deafness and infertility and is caused by large contiguous gene deletions at 15q15.3 that removes both STRC and CATSPER2 genes. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:12825070, ECO:0000269 PubMed:17098888}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Relevant External Links for CATSPER2
No data available for Genatlas for CATSPER2 Gene
Publications for CATSPER2 Gene
- A voltage-gated ion channel expressed specifically in spermatozoa. (PMID: 11675491) Quill T.A. … Garbers D.L. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2001) 2 3 4 22 64
- The CatSper channel mediates progesterone-induced Ca2+ influx in human sperm. (PMID: 21412338) Strunker T. … Kaupp U.B. (Nature 2011) 3 4 64
- Progesterone activates the principal Ca2+ channel of human sperm. (PMID: 21412339) Lishko P.V. … Kirichok Y. (Nature 2011) 3 4 64
- Personalized smoking cessation: interactions between nicotine dose, dependence and quit-success genotype score. (PMID: 20379614) Rose J.E. … Uhl G.R. (Mol. Med. 2010) 3 46 64
- Sensorineural deafness and male infertility: a contiguous gene deletion syndrome. (PMID: 17098888) Zhang Y. … Smith R.J.H. (J. Med. Genet. 2007) 3 4 64
Products for CATSPER2 Gene
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- OriGene Purified Proteins for CATSPER2
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- OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for CATSPER2
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs for CATSPER2
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- Novus Biologicals lysates for CATSPER2
- Novus Biologicals
- Novus Biologicals Tissue Microarrays
- antibodies-online Antibodies for CATSPER2: See all 45
- antibodies-online Kits for CATSPER2: See all 3
- Search antibodies-online for proteins
- Search antibodies-online for peptides
- GeneTex CATSPER2 antibody for CATSPER2
- Search GeneTex for Proteins for CATSPER2
- ViGene Biosciences adenoviral particle packaged cDNA for CATSPER2 gene
- ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for CATSPER2 gene
- ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for CATSPER2 gene
- Search ViGene Biosciences for CATSPER2
- Horizon Cell Lines for CATSPER2
- Cyagen custom Knockout/knockin (KOKI) mouse models for CATSPER2
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for CATSPER2
- VectorBuilder custom lentivirus, adenovirus, AAV vector/virus packaging for CATSPER2
- VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
Sources for CATSPER2 Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) EntrezGene
- (4) Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) GO
- (12) TrEMBL
- (13) InterPro
- (14) ProtoNet
- (15) Blocks
- (16) MGI
- (17) IUBMB
- (18) KEGG
- (19) MINT
- (20) STRING
- (21) IntAct
- (22) Novoseek
- (23) PharmGKB
- (24) DrugBank
- (25) HMDB
- (26) UniGene
- (27) AceView
- (28) RNAdb
- (29) ASD
- (30) ECgene
- (31) GeneAnnot
- (32) CGAP SAGE
- (33) SOURCE
- (34) HomoloGene
- (35) PanEnsembl
- (36) euGenes
- (37) SGD
- (38) FlyBase
- (39) WormBase
- (40) Pseudogene
- (41) DGV
- (42) dbSNP
- (43) GenAtlas
- (44) GeneTests
- (45) HGMD
- (46) GAD
- (47) LSDB
- (48) BGMUT
- (49) HuGE
- (50) eBioscience
- (51) Atlas
- (52) Cell Signaling Technology
- (53) GenBank
- (54) H-invDB
- (55) HORDE
- (56) HUGE
- (57) IMGT
- (58) Leiden
- (59) MILLIPORE
- (60) miRBase
- (61) DME
- (62) NCBI
- (63) OriGene
- (64) PubMed
- (65) R&D Systems
- (66) TGDB
- (67) Tocris
- (68) Abcam
- (69) Novus
- (70) ProSpec
- (71) Sino Biological
- (72) GenScript
- (73) Qiagen
- (74) Cloud-Clone Corp.
- (75) Enzo Life Sciences
- (76) OCA
- (77) Proteopedia
- (78) MOPED
- (79) SPIRE
- (80) neXtProt
- (81) Reactome
- (82) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (83) fRNAdb
- (84) DISEASES
- (85) SIMAP
- (86) GenomeRNAi
- (87) LifeMap
- (88) miRTarBase
- (89) MalaCards
- (90) Invitrogen
- (91) BitterDB
- (92) Vector BioLabs
- (93) ESI-BIO
- (94) RefSeq
- (95) BioSystems
- (96) MaxQB
- (97) IUPHAR
- (98) BioGPS
- (99) Illumina
- (100) COMPARTMENTS
- (101) HOMER
- (102) PaxDb
- (103) ApexBio
- (104) Addgene
- (105) antibodies-online
- (106) CYP
- (107) NONCODE
- (108) SwitchGear Genomics
- (109) TreeFam
- (110) PathCards
- (111) GeneReviews
- (112) GeneTex
- (113) Taconic Biosciences
- (114) GTEx
- (115) ProteomicsDB
- (116) SCBT
- (117) DGIdb
- (118) ClinicalTrials
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- (128) Genetics Home Reference
- (129) MeSH
- (130) MedlinePlus
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- (133) NCBI Bookshelf
- (134) ClinVar
- (135) Gene Damage Index
- (136) ViGene Biosciences
- (137) HPO
- (138) UDN
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- (140) FANTOM5
- (141) ENCODE
- (142) ProSci
- (143) Horizon
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- (146) Cyagen
- (147) VectorBuilder
- (148) SNPedia
- (149) BRCA Exchange
- (150) St John's Lab
- (151) CIViC
- (152) ProteoGenix
- (153) dbSUPER
- (154) TISSUES
- (155) Gene ORGANizer




