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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

CALR Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 72
GCID: GC19P013049

calreticulin

Explore 104 diseases affiliated with
CALR via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Calreticulin¹		HACBP² ³
SSA¹ ² ⁵		Grp60¹
CRT¹ ²		FLJ26680¹
RO¹ ²		Calregulin³
CC1qR¹		Sicca Syndrome Antigen A (Autoantigen Ro; Calreticulin)²
Endoplasmic Reticulum Resident Protein 60² ³		CRTC³
CRP55² ³		Calregulin³
ERp60² ³

External Ids:	HGNC: 1455¹	Entrez Gene: 811²	Ensembl: ENSG00000179218⁷	OMIM: 109091⁵	UniProtKB: P27797³

Export aliases for CALR gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC19P013180 GC19P013272 GC19P012894 GC19P012910 GC19P012621

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for CALR:

Calreticulin is a multifunctional protein that acts as a major Ca(2+)-binding (storage) protein in the lumen of the

endoplasmic reticulum. It is also found in the nucleus, suggesting that it may have a role in transcription

regulation. Calreticulin binds to the synthetic peptide KLGFFKR, which is almost identical to an amino acid sequence

in the DNA-binding domain of the superfamily of nuclear receptors. Calreticulin binds to antibodies in certain sera of

systemic lupus and Sjogren patients which contain anti-Ro/SSA antibodies, it is highly conserved among species, and it

is located in the endoplasmic and sarcoplasmic reticulum where it may bind calcium. The amino terminus of calreticulin

interacts with the DNA-binding domain of the glucocorticoid receptor and prevents the receptor from binding to its

specific glucocorticoid response element. Calreticulin can inhibit the binding of androgen receptor to its

hormone-responsive DNA element and can inhibit androgen receptor and retinoic acid receptor transcriptional activities

in vivo, as well as retinoic acid-induced neuronal differentiation. Thus, calreticulin can act as an important

modulator of the regulation of gene transcription by nuclear hormone receptors. Systemic lupus erythematosus is

associated with increased autoantibody titers against calreticulin but calreticulin is not a Ro/SS-A antigen. Earlier

papers referred to calreticulin as an Ro/SS-A antigen but this was later disproven. Increased autoantibody titer

against human calreticulin is found in infants with complete congenital heart block of both the IgG and IgM classes.

(provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CALR_HUMAN, P27797

Function: Calcium-binding chaperone that promotes folding, oligomeric assembly and quality control in the endoplasmic

reticulum (ER) via the calreticulin/calnexin cycle. This lectin interacts transiently with almost all of the

monoglucosylated glycoproteins that are synthesized in the ER. Interacts with the DNA-binding domain of NR3C1 and

mediates its nuclear export. Involved in maternal gene expression regulation. May participate in oocyte maturation via

the regulation of calcium homeostasis (By similarity)

Gene Wiki entry for CALR (Calreticulin)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000019.9 NC_018930.1 NT_011295.11

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the CALR gene promoter:
AP-1 p53 ATF-2 CUTL1 Nkx2-5 c-Jun
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 3): CALR promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for CALR

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat CALR

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 19p13.3-p13.2 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 19p13.2 HGNC cytogenetic band: 19p13.3-p13.2

CALR Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
CALR gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 19 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC19P013049: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	13,049,392 bp from pter	End:	13,055,304 bp from pter
Size:	5,913 bases	Orientation:	plus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CALR_HUMAN, P27797 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Calreticulin precursor

Size: 417 amino acids; 48142 Da

Subunit: Monomer. Component of an EIF2 complex at least composed of CELF1/CUGBP1, CALR, CALR3, EIF2S1, EIF2S2, HSP90B1

and HSPA5. Interacts with PDIA3/ERp57 (By similarity). Interacts with NR3C1 and TRIM21. Interacts with GABARAP

Subcellular location: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen. Cytoplasm, cytosol. Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular

matrix. Cell surface. Sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen (By similarity). Note=Also found in cell surface (T cells), cytosol

and extracellular matrix. Associated with the lytic granules in the cytolytic T-lymphocytes

Mass spectrometry: Mass=46879; Method=MALDI; Range=18-417; Source=PubMed:11149926;

Caution: Was originally (PubMed:2332496) thought to be the 52 kDa Ro autoantigen

4 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for CALR:

2CLR (3D)

3DOW (3D)

3POS (3D)

3POW (3D)

Secondary accessions: Q6IAT4 Q9UDG2

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for CALR: NX_P27797

Post-translational modifications:

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P27797

CALR Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins: NP_004334.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000320866 ENSP00000465105 ENSP00000465918 ENSP00000466391 ENSP00000466037

Reactome Protein details: P27797
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
	Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
	Enzo Life Sciences proteins for CALR
	OriGene Purified Protein: CALR OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: CALR OriGene Custom Protein Services for CALR
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for CALR
	Novus Biologicals CALR Proteins Novus Biologicals CALR Lysates
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	ProSpec Recombinant Protein for CALR
	Uscn Proteins for CALR

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/22 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 22): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001669	acrosomal vesicle	IEA	--
GO:0005578	proteinaceous extracellular matrix	IEA	--
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IDA	--
GO:0005622	intracellular	TAS	7841019
GO:0005625	soluble fraction	--	--

CALR for ontologies About GeneDecksing

CALR Antibody Products:

	EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of CALR
	R&D Systems Antibodies for CALR (Calreticulin)
	Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Antibodies for CALR (calreticulin)
	OriGene Antibodies (see all 3): CALR OriGene Custom Antibody Services for CALR
	GenScript Superior Antibodies for CALR
	Novus Biologicals CALR Antibodies
	Abcam antibodies for CALR
	Uscn Antibodies for CALR
	ThermoFisher Antibody for CALR

Assay Products for CALR:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for CALR
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for CALR

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

CALR for domains About GeneDecksing

5 InterPro domains/families:

IPR018124 Calret/calnex_CS

IPR013320 ConA-like_subgrp

IPR009169 Calreticulin

IPR001580 Calret/calnex

IPR008985 ConA-like_lec_gl_sf

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P27797

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P27797

1 Blocks protein family: IPB001580 Calreticulin

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CALR_HUMAN, P27797

Domain: Can be divided into a N-terminal globular domain, a proline-rich P-domain forming an elongated arm-like

structure and a C-terminal acidic domain. The P-domain binds one molecule of calcium with high affinity, whereas the

acidic C-domain binds multiple calcium ions with low affinity

Domain: The interaction with glycans occurs through a binding site in the globular lectin domain

Domain: The zinc binding sites are localized to the N-domain

Domain: Associates with PDIA3 through the tip of the extended arm formed by the P-domain

Similarity: Belongs to the calreticulin family

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CALR_HUMAN, P27797

Function: Calcium-binding chaperone that promotes folding, oligomeric assembly and quality control in the endoplasmic

reticulum (ER) via the calreticulin/calnexin cycle. This lectin interacts transiently with almost all of the

monoglucosylated glycoproteins that are synthesized in the ER. Interacts with the DNA-binding domain of NR3C1 and

mediates its nuclear export. Involved in maternal gene expression regulation. May participate in oocyte maturation via

the regulation of calcium homeostasis (By similarity)

Genatlas biochemistry entry for CALR:

calreticulin,calcium binding protein of endoplasmic and sarcoplasmic reticulum,48kDa

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: CALR Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat CALR
		8/21 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate CALR (see all 21):
		hsa-miR-875-3p hsa-miR-181c hsa-miR-512-3p hsa-miR-650 hsa-miR-633 hsa-miR-637 hsa-miR-3116 hsa-miR-2116

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: CALR 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for CALR (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: CALR OriGene siRNA: CALR
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat CALR

Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for CALR

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CALR (see all 3) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CALR OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: CALR (NM_004343)
		Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for CALR
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat CALR

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for CALR
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for CALR

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for CALR

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/16 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 16): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001849	complement component C1q binding	TAS	15474971
GO:0003677	DNA binding	NAS	11149926
GO:0003729	mRNA binding	IDA	14726956
GO:0005178	integrin binding	IPI	1911778
GO:0005506	iron ion binding	IEA	--

CALR for ontologies About GeneDecksing

2 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for CALR:

Increased gamma-H2AX phosphory

Synthetic lethal with Ras

Animal Models:
Mouse knock-outs for CALR: Calr^tm1Star Calr^tm1Mlk
8 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 2 alleles) (MGI details for Calr):

cardiovascular system	cellular	embryogenesis	growth/size	homeostasis/metabolism
mortality/aging	muscle	nervous system

CALR for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/21 super-pathways (see all 21) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

Asparagine N-linked glycosylation

	Asparagine N-linked glycosylation	1.00			Metabolism of proteins	0.15
	Post-translational protein modification	0.44

Transcription_Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis

Transcription_Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis

1.00

Transcription Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis

0.80

Immune System

Immune System

1.00

Adaptive Immune System

0.59

Calnexin/calreticulin cycle

Calnexin/calreticulin cycle

1.00

N-glycan trimming in the ER and Calnexin/Calreticulin cycle

0.85

Activation of Chaperone Genes by ATF6-alpha

Activation of Chaperone Genes by ATF6-alpha

1.00

Activation of Chaperones by ATF6-alpha

0.62

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

2 EMD Millipore Pathways for CALR

	Immune response Antigen presentation by MHC class I
	Transcription Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis

2 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for CALR

	Androgen Signaling
	Presenilin-Mediated Signaling

2 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathways for CALR

	Ca, cAMP and Lipid Signaling
	Neuroscience

2 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for CALR

	Immune response Antigen presentation by MHC class I
	Transcription Role of VDR in regulation of genes involved in osteoporosis

2 BioSystems Pathways for CALR

	Calcium Regulation in the Cardiac Cell
	Androgen receptor signaling pathway

5/16 Reactome Pathways for CALR (see all 16)

	Antigen Presentation: Folding, assembly and peptide loading of class I MHC
	Calnexin/calreticulin cycle
	ER-Phagosome pathway
	Activation of Chaperones by ATF6-alpha
	Metabolism of proteins

4 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for CALR):

	Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
	Phagosome
	Antigen processing and presentation
	Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)

CALR for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for CALR

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/116 Interacting proteins for CALR (P27797^{1, 2, 3} ENSP00000320866⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 116)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
SMARCB1	Q12824²^,³, ENSP00000263121⁴	MINT-8250633 I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000263121
LRIF1	Q5T3J3²^,³	MINT-8250622 I2D: score=2
MAPK6	Q16659²^,³	MINT-8260834 I2D: score=2
CANX	P27824²^,³, ENSP00000247461⁴	MINT-8361157 MINT-8361140 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000247461
PDIA3	P30101²^,³, ENSP00000300289⁴	MINT-16879 MINT-16517 I2D: score=5 STRING: ENSP00000300289

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/44 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 44): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0000122	negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	IDA	8107809
GO:0002474	antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I	TAS	--
GO:0002479	antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I, TAP-dependent	TAS	--
GO:0002502	peptide antigen assembly with MHC class I protein complex	ISS	11825569
GO:0006355	regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent	TAS	8107808

CALR for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

CALR for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for CALR

1 HMDB Compound for CALR About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
Calcium	Ca (see all 2)	7440-70-2	--

3 DrugBank Compounds for CALR About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
Antihemophilic Factor	AHF (see all 3)	--	target	chaperone	9607108 9525969 17139284 17899080 17016423
Melatonin	MEL (see all 4)	73-31-4	target	--	12603316 19449447
Tenecteplase	t- PA (see all 4)	191588-94-0	target	--	9359841

10/77 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for CALR gene (see all 77) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
castanospermine	80.1	4	12740382 (1), 7657600 (1), 9348535 (1), 12623072 (1)
dolichyl diphosphate	76.4	1	10794707 (1)
kifunensine	60	1	12623072 (1)
tunicamycin	58.4	6	15383281 (1), 9207473 (1), 9367877 (1), 14744598 (1) (see all 5)
calcium	55	249	9883279 (7), 8190118 (5), 10037706 (4), 8991101 (4) (see all 99)
polysaccharide	53.4	29	18803404 (3), 19959473 (3), 9348279 (2), 16039588 (2) (see all 22)
thapsigargin	48.2	8	14744598 (2), 12401114 (1), 8809046 (1), 10353723 (1) (see all 6)
mannose	44.6	2	11560994 (1), 17606910 (1)
inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate	44.3	6	2103514 (1), 12407053 (1), 8381914 (1), 16291968 (1) (see all 6)
udpglucose	41.9	2	16154739 (1), 19822453 (1)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about CALR

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for CALR gene:

NM_004343.3

Unigene Cluster for CALR:

Calreticulin

Hs.515162 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: M84739

7 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000587486 ENST00000316448(uc002mvu.2) ENST00000590325 ENST00000588454

ENST00000586760 ENST00000586803 ENST00000586967

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: CALR Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat CALR
		8/21 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate CALR (see all 21):
		hsa-miR-875-3p hsa-miR-181c hsa-miR-512-3p hsa-miR-650 hsa-miR-633 hsa-miR-637 hsa-miR-3116 hsa-miR-2116

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: CALR 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for CALR (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: CALR OriGene siRNA: CALR
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat CALR

Clone Products:		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CALR (see all 3) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for CALR OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: CALR (NM_004343)
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for CALR
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat CALR

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for CALR Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat CALR
		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat CALR
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat CALR

Additional cDNA sequence:

AB451408.1 AF087986.1 AK130190.1 AK223060.1 AK304492.1 AY047586.1 BC002500.2 BC007911.1

BC020493.1 BC107102.2 BT007448.1 CR457070.1 M32294.1 M84739.1

24/60 DOTS entries (see all 60):

DT.85103834 DT.95368629 DT.100060029 DT.91793739 DT.91775612 DT.100691994 DT.121481239 DT.91775621

DT.97760595 DT.100691979 DT.100692005 DT.121481190 DT.100692003 DT.100692008 DT.100691981 DT.91775577

DT.86995148 DT.101986489 DT.91959672 DT.121481251 DT.100691999 DT.121481205 DT.100691997 DT.121643184

24/1816 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 1816):

BM795084 AI826625 BF914752 BQ962549 BM997560 AI206110 CF139757 BU185905

CA434537 BU857939 BE674130 BU856979 AI692324 BQ893120 BM970404 BU857185

AA315726 BU681113 AW402156 BT007448 AI751530 BU552843 BQ064458 BI838485

GeneLoc Exon Structure

4 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for CALR About this scheme

ExUns:	1a	·	1b	·	1c	^	2	^	3	^	4	^	5	^	6	^	7	^	8a	·	8b	^	9	^	10a	·	10b
SP1:
SP2:									-
SP3:
SP4:

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for CALR

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

CALR expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: TCATCTTCAA

About this image

CALR expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

2 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Heart

Atrioventricular Canal

Atrioventricular Canal Cells

Myocardium

Heart

Outflow Tract

Heart

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

Stem Cell Differentiation: 1 LifeMap Cell

Name

Category

Definitive endoderm-like cells (A scalable, suspensi...)

See CALR Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for CALR

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.515162

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including CALR (see all 7):

cAMP / Ca2+ Signaling PathwayFinder in human mouse rat

Cellular Senescence in human mouse rat

Cellular Stress Responses in human mouse rat

Unfolded Protein Response in human mouse rat

Stress & Toxicity PathwayFinder in human mouse rat

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(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

Orthologs for CALR gene from 8/33 species (see all 33) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	CALR3¹	calreticulin 3	63.76(n) 60.85(a)		420146 XM_418262.3 XP_418262.2
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	CALR⁶	--	79(a)	1 ↔ 1	2(77770708-77779899)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	calr-prov²	calreticulin	76.16(n)		BC046699.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	calr²	calreticulin	77.59(n)		30248 BC058314.1
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	Crc^{1 , 3}	central nervous system development calcium ion more³ Calreticulin¹	70(a)³ 68(n)¹ 67.42(a)¹		3 85E1³ 41166¹ NM_079569.4¹ NP_524293.2¹
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)	Secernentea	crt-1^{1 , 3}	calreticulin precursor³ Protein CRT-1¹	66(a)³ 66.67(n)¹ 64.58(a)¹		V(6101766-6103103)³ 178997¹ NM_072174.2¹ NP_504575.1¹
thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)	eudicotyledons	CRT1b⁶ AtCRT1a⁶ (see all 3)	calreticulin-1 (see all 3)	49(a) 48(a) (see all 3)	many ↔ many many ↔ many (see all 3)	1(2972842-2976750) 1(21089844-21092660)
rice (Oryza sativa)	Liliopsida	Os.7158²	Oryza sativa mRNA for calcium-binding protein, complete more	77.05(n)		AK099348.1

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for CALR (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for CALR (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for CALR gene

CLGN² CALR3² CANX²

3 SIMAP similar genes for CALR using alignment to 5 protein entries: CALR_HUMAN (see all proteins):

CALR3 CLGN CANX

CALR for paralogs About GeneDecksing

1 Pseudogenes.org Pseudogene for CALR
PGOHUM00000244024

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 19 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs74181682^1,2	C,	--	12619348(+)	`TTTTAG/TTTAAT`	1	--	us2k¹		1		NA	2
rs73505359^1,2	C,F,	--	12619490(+)	`GGAAGC/TGCCAA`	1	--	us2k¹		3		WA CSA	122
rs73505360^1,2	C,F,	--	12619541(+)	`CAAGAG/TGCCTG`	1	--	us2k¹		3		WA CSA	122
rs112282650^1,2	C,F,	--	12619776(+)	`CCCGAG/ATACTG`	1	--	us2k¹		3		WA CSA	122
rs73925237^1,2	C,F,	--	12620114(+)	`ATCCCC/TCTCAT`	1	--	us2k¹		3		WA CSA	122
rs73505363^1,2	C,F,	--	12620258(+)	`GCTTCT/AGAAGA`	1	--	us2k¹		3		WA CSA	122
rs80283842^1,2	F,	--	12620748(+)	`CCCGCG/ATGACT`	1	--	us2k¹		1		WA	118
rs11878305^1,2	C,F,A,H,	--	12621181(+)	`CTAACA/CTAGTG`	1	--	us2k¹		4		NA WA CSA	126
rs114562220^1,2	C	--	12621811(+)	`TTAGCA/CCAGCC`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs10410152^1,2	C,H	--	12622071(+)	`GAGTCT/GTCTCT`	1	--	int¹		4		NS EA	418

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for CALR (13049392 - 13055304 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 1 variation for CALR
1 CNV: 4400
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): CALR

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(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

CALR for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 109091    OMIM disorders: --

20/104 diseases for CALR (see all 104):    About MalaCards

congenital heart block systemic lupus erythematosus heart block lupus erythematosus

systemic lupus erythematosus, association with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia ventricular tachycardia connective tissue disease

malignant hyperthermia dry eye syndrome von willebrand's disease pre-eclampsia

intestinal volvulus malignant hyperthermia susceptibility bladder transitional cell carcinoma al amyloidosis

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy visceral leishmaniasis transitional cell carcinoma

2 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for CALR:

Cancer Onchocerciasis

10/60 Novoseek disease relationships for CALR gene (see all 60) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
hepatitis halothane	55.7	2	11141678 (1), 8415876 (1)
congenital heart block	52.8	3	8904349 (1), 12601845 (1), 19886247 (1)
autoimmune response	46.9	3	9796851 (1), 1602002 (1), 10320638 (1)
shock	45	47	15383281 (3), 8676889 (3), 11328587 (2), 11290339 (2) (see all 38)
sjogrens syndrome primary	44.4	3	8635291 (1), 2365822 (1)
onchocerciasis	43.5	9	1602002 (4), 7520419 (2), 7680295 (1), 7836063 (1) (see all 5)
lupus erythematosus systemic	41.3	13	8050453 (2), 9302659 (2), 16081363 (1), 16645988 (1) (see all 10)
sjogrens syndrome	40.1	3	8478019 (1), 11480586 (1), 12410797 (1)
complete heart block	33.1	1	16546685 (1)
lupus erythematosus	32.7	2	8676889 (1), 2365822 (1)

Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: CALR (3 documents)

Export disorders for CALR gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for CALR gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 717):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with CALR)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

A human Ro/SS-A autoantigen is the homologue of calreticulin and is highly homologous with onchocercal RAL-1 antigen and an aplysia 'memory molecule'. (PubMed id 2365822)^{1, 3, 9} McCauliffe D.P....Capra J.D. (1990)
Calreticulin is expressed on the cell surface of activated human peripheral blood T lymphocytes in association with major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. (PubMed id 10358038)^{1, 2, 9} Arosa F.A.... de Sousa M. (1999)
Calnexin and calreticulin bind to enzymically active tissue-type plasminogen activator during biosynthesis and are not required for folding to the native conformation. (PubMed id 9359841)^{1, 7, 9} Allen S. and Bulleid N.J. (1997)
The calcium-binding protein calreticulin is a major constituent of lytic granules in cytolytic T lymphocytes. (PubMed id 8418194)^{1, 2, 9} Dupuis M.... Tschopp J. (1993)
Calreticulin binds hYRNA and the 52-kDa polypeptide component of the Ro/SS-A ribonucleoprotein autoantigen. (PubMed id 8666824)^{1, 2, 9} Cheng S.T....Sontheimer R.D. (1996)
Human placental calreticulin: purification, characterization and association with other proteins. (PubMed id 7841019)^{1, 2, 9} Houen G. and Koch C. (1994)
The 5'-flanking region of the human calreticulin gene shares homology with the human GRP78, GRP94, and protein disulfide isomerase promoters. (PubMed id 1733953)^{1, 2, 9} McCauliffe D.P.... Capra J.D. (1992)
Characterization of the autoantigen calreticulin. (PubMed id 1919005)^{1, 2, 9} Rokeach L.A.... Hoch S.O. (1991)
X-ray structure of the human calreticulin globular domain reveals a peptide-binding area and suggests a multi-molecular mechanism. (PubMed id 21423620)^{1, 2} Chouquet A.... Gaboriaud C. (2011)
Structural framework of the GABARAP-calreticulin interface--implications for substrate binding to endoplasmic reticulum chaperones. (PubMed id 19154346)^{1, 2} Thielmann Y....Willbold D. (2009)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 811	HGNC: 1455	AceView: CALR	Ensembl:ENSG00000179218	euGenes: HUgn811
ECgene: CALR	Kegg: 811	H-InvDB: CALR

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for CALR	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for CALR	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calreticulin
Functional Glycomics Gateway - Glycan Binding	http://www.functionalglycomics.org/glycomics/GBPServlet?&operationType=view&cbpId=cbp_hum_other_405

Intellectual Property for CALR gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

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Patent Information for CALR gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving CALR

GeneCards and IP:
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