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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

C21orf91 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 46
GCID: GC21M019161

chromosome 21 open reading frame 91

(Previous name: chromosome 21 open reading frame 38 )
(Previous symbols: C21orf38, C21orf14)
 Explore 2 diseases affiliated with
C21orf91 via
MalaCards
our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for C21orf91    

Aliases
for C21orf91 gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Chromosome 21 Open Reading Frame 911 2     Chromosome 21 Open Reading Frame 381
C21orf141 2 3     Cold Sore Susceptibility Gene 12
C21orf381 2 3     Early Undifferentiated Retina And Lens2
YG811 2 3     Protein EURL Homolog2
CSSG11 2     C21orf73
EURL1 2     

External Ids:    HGNC: 164591   Entrez Gene: 541492   Ensembl: ENSG000001546427   UniProtKB: Q9NYK63   

Export aliases for C21orf91 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC21M015826 GC21M018083 GC21M018086 GC21M004550


Summaries
for C21orf91 gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
  --

Genomic Views
for C21orf91 gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000021.8  NC_018932.1  NT_011512.11  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the C21orf91 gene promoter:
         RFX1   POU3F2 (N-Oct-5a)   POU3F2 (N-Oct-5b)   POU3F2   Arnt   HEN1   E2F-1   E2F   Sox9   
         Other transcription factors

Browse SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for C21orf91

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat C21orf91


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 21q21.1   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  21q21.1   HGNC cytogenetic band: 21q21.1

C21orf91 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
C21orf91 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 21         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC21M019161:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 19,161,284 bp from pter      End:
 19,191,703 bp from pter
Size:
 30,420 bases      Orientation:
 minus strand

Proteins
for C21orf91 gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: EURL_HUMAN, Q9NYK6 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Protein EURL homolog  
Size: 297 amino acids; 33948 Da
Sequence caution: Sequence=BAB14691.1; Type=Erroneous termination; Positions=164; Note=Translated as Gln;
Secondary accessions: B2RB30 Q96BK9 Q9H8C6
Alternative splicing: 3 isoforms:  Q9NYK6-1   Q9NYK6-2   Q9NYK6-3   

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for C21orf91: NX_Q9NYK6

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q9NYK6

    • C21orf91 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins (3 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_001093890.1  NP_001093891.1  NP_059143.3  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000284881   ENSP00000383404   ENSP00000383403   ENSP00000385566  

    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
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    Uscn Proteins for C21orf91


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    Uscn Antibodies for C21orf91
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    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for C21orf91

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for C21orf91 gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    C21orf91 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    1 InterPro domain/family:
     IPR009704 EURL_prot

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q9NYK6

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q9NYK6

    1 Blocks protein family: IPB009704 EURL

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: EURL_HUMAN, Q9NYK6
    Similarity: Belongs to the EURL family


    Function
    for C21orf91 gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    miRNA
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    Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat C21orf91
    8/74 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate C21orf91 (see all 74):
    hsa-miR-124* hsa-miR-642a hsa-miR-411 hsa-miR-200a hsa-miR-30d hsa-miR-30a hsa-miR-1244 hsa-miR-3613-3p
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: C21orf91 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene shRNA RFP: C21orf91
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    Gene Editing
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    Clone
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    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for C21orf91 (see all 4)
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    Cell Line
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    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for C21orf91

    In Situ Assay
    Products:       
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    Pathways & Interactions
    for C21orf91 gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section



    Interactions:

        Search SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Networks for C21orf91

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 2 interactants - click image to see more details)

    3 Interacting proteins for C21orf91 (Q9NYK62, 3 ENSP000002848814) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    CCDC85BQ158342, 3, ENSP000003116954MINT-68232 I2D: score=5 STRING: ENSP00000311695
    GRB2P629933, ENSP000003390074I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000339007
    RAD23BP547273I2D: score=1 
    About this table

    Drugs & Compounds
    for C21orf91 gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section
    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for C21orf91
    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about C21orf91 / EURL 

    Transcripts
    for C21orf91 gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for C21orf91 gene (3 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_001100420.1  NM_001100421.1  NM_017447.3  

    Unigene Cluster for C21orf91:

    Chromosome 21 open reading frame 91
    Hs.293811  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001100420
    6 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000284881(uc002ykq.4 uc002yko.4 uc002ykp.4) ENST00000400559
    ENST00000400558 ENST00000405964 ENST00000493464 ENST00000482915

    miRNA
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    8/74 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate C21orf91 (see all 74):
    hsa-miR-124* hsa-miR-642a hsa-miR-411 hsa-miR-200a hsa-miR-30d hsa-miR-30a hsa-miR-1244 hsa-miR-3613-3p
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: C21orf91 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for C21orf91 (see all 4)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: C21orf91
    OriGene siRNA: C21orf91
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat C21orf91
    Clone
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    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AF239726.1 AJ227876.1 AK023825.1 AK225123.1 AK314471.1 BC015468.2 CR457317.1 CR749496.1 

    9 DOTS entries:

    DT.95110532  DT.413021  DT.95268773  DT.121131289  DT.95268775  DT.95347866  DT.95193440  DT.95262551 
    DT.95350886 

    24/105 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 105):

    BQ024690 BC015468 BU177500 AI077457 AA778701 BX099338 AA709292 AA582707 
    AA608816 AI201304 AA729027 AW474520 AW104803 BX088960 BQ434007 BM719386 
    NM_017447 BI858454 BI752644 AA807547 AA758087 BX480815 AF239726 H00912 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for C21orf91    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1 ^ 2 ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5 ^ 6a · 6b ^ 7 ^ 8a · 8b · 8c
    SP1:        -           -     -                                       
    SP2:        -                                                         
    SP3:                    -     -                                       
    SP4:                    -     -                                       
    SP5:                    -     -                 -                     


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for C21orf91

    Expression
    for C21orf91 gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    C21orf91 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: CAAACTTTGA

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)
    About this image

    C21orf91 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    Stem Cell Differentiation: 1 LifeMap Cell 
    NameCategory
    PureStem™ progenitor W8 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization

    See C21orf91 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for C21orf91

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.293811
        SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for C21orf91
    Primer
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    In Situ
    Assay Products:     
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    Orthologs
    for C21orf91 gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

    Orthologs for C21orf91 gene from 5/11 species (see all 11)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)    		 Mammalia D16Ertd472e1 , 5 DNA segment, Chr 16, ERATO Doi 472, expressed1, 5 83.91(n)1
    82.41(a)1    		   16 (45.36 cM)5
    671021  NM_001252438.11  NP_001239367.11 
     785440125 
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves C1H21orf911 chromosome 1 open reading frame, human C21orf91 73.88(n)
    74.91(a)    		   395489  NM_204737.1  NP_990068.1 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia C21orf916
    		 --
    		 67(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 3(153669281-153678596)
    African clawed frog
    (Xenopus laevis)    		 Amphibia Xl.53922 Xenopus laevis transcribed sequence with moderate similarity more 75.26(n)    BX854158.1 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii zgc:1100061 zgc:110006 56.21(n)
    54.24(a)    		   553573  NM_001020552.1  NP_001018388.1 


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for C21orf91 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for C21orf91 (if available) 

    Paralogs
    for C21orf91 gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    		  --

    Genomic Variants
    for C21orf91 gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/541 NCBI SNPs in C21orf91 are shown (see all 541)     About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 21 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    rs2012739961,2
    		C--19160902(-) TTTTTG/TAGATG 5 -- int10--------
    rs13526021,2
    		C,F,A,--19160959(-) CCCTCA/GCAGTC 5 -- int18Minor allele frequency- G:0.44NA WA EA 368
    rs2436041,2
    		C,F,A,H,--19160962(-) TTCCCC/TTCACA 5 -- int111Minor allele frequency- T:0.45NA WA CSA EA 372
    rs2016860111,2
    		--19160977(+) GGGAG-/TGAT  
                TGATG     		5 -- int10--------
    rs1889007351,2
    		--19160992(+) TACAGC/TTGCAT 5 -- int10--------
    rs1930610471,2
    		--19161059(+) TACACC/TCCAAT 5 -- int10--------
    rs1853483081,2
    		--19161086(+) CACATC/GTAGTA 5 -- int10--------
    rs1399330461,2
    		--19161089(+) ATCTAA/GTAAGT 5 -- int10--------
    rs2436051,2
    		C,F,O,A,H,--19161120(-) CAATAC/GAGAAG 5 -- int120Minor allele frequency- G:0.48NS EA NA WA CSA 950
    rs773424801,2
    		C,F,--19161200(+) ATTTAT/CAGACT 5 -- int11Minor allele frequency- C:0.03WA 118

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for C21orf91 (19161284 - 19191703 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
          Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for C21orf91: --
    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): C21orf91

    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
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    Disorders / Diseases
    for C21orf91 gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    C21orf91 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    2 diseases for C21orf91:    About MalaCards
    herpes simplex    rabies


    Export disorders for C21orf91 gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for C21orf91 gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for C21orf91 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 13):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with C21orf91)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. C21orf91 genotypes correlate with herpes simplex labi alis (cold sore) frequency: description of a cold sore susceptibility gene. (PubMed id 22039568)1, 3 Kriesel J.D....Hobbs M.R. (2011)
    2. Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)1, 2 Ota T.... Sugano S. (2004)
    3. Systematic analysis of human protein complexes identi fies chromosome segregation proteins. (PubMed id 20360068)1 Hutchins J.R....Peters J.M. (2010)
    4. Protein interaction data set highlighted with human Ras-MAPK/PI3K signaling pathways. (PubMed id 18624398)1 Wang J....He F. (2008)
    5. Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. (PubMed id 16344560)1 Kimura K.... Sugano S. (2006)
    6. Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network. (PubMed id 16189514)1 Rual J.F....Vidal M. (2005)
    7. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
    8. Isolation of a novel cDNA enriched in the undifferentiated chick retina and lens. (PubMed id 12815627)1 Godbout R....Bisgrove D.A. (2003)
    9. Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. (PubMed id 12477932)1 Strausberg R.L....Marra M.A. (2002)
    10. Hepatitis C virus core protein interacts with 14-3-3 protein and activates the kinase Raf-1. (PubMed id )2 Aoki H.... Hino O. (2000)

    External Searches for C21orf91 gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
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    Genome Databases showing C21orf91 gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 54149 HGNC: 16459 AceView: C21orf91 Ensembl:ENSG00000154642 euGenes: HUgn54149
    ECgene: C21orf91 H-InvDB: C21orf91

    Other Databases showing C21orf91 gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing C21orf91 gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for C21orf91 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    Intellectual Property
    for C21orf91 gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for C21orf91 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving C21orf91

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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