BST2 Gene

Aliases
for BST2 gene

Previous GC identifers: GC19M018007 GC19M017906 GC19M017358 GC19M017374 GC19M017080

Summaries
for BST2 gene

Genomic Views
for BST2 gene

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000019.9  NC_018930.1  NT_011295.11  

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 2): BST2 promoter sequence

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat BST2

BST2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)


GeneLoc information about chromosome 19         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC19M017502:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Proteins
for BST2 gene

6/8 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for BST2 (see all 8):

2LK9 (3D)        2X7A (3D)        2XG7 (3D)        3MQ7 (3D)        3MQ9 (3D)        3MQB (3D)    

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for BST2: NX_Q10589

Post-translational modifications:

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
	Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	OriGene Purified Protein: BST2 OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: BST2 OriGene Custom Protein Services for BST2
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for BST2
	Novus Biologicals BST2 Proteins Novus Biologicals BST2 Lysates
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	ProSpec Recombinant Protein for BST2
	Uscn Proteins for BST2

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/10 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 10):    About this table

	EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of BST2
	R&D Systems Antibodies for BST2 (BST2/Tetherin)
	OriGene Antibodies: BST2 OriGene Custom Antibody Services for BST2
	GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for BST2
	Novus Biologicals BST2 Antibodies
	Abcam antibodies for BST2
	Uscn Antibodies for BST2
	ThermoFisher Antibodies for BST2

	Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for BST2
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for BST2

Protein Domains /
Families
for BST2 gene

ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q10589

Function
for BST2 gene

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: BST2 Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat BST2
		Search QIAGEN for miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate BST2
		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: BST2 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for BST2 (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: BST2 OriGene siRNA: BST2
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat BST2

Gene Editing Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for BST2

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for BST2 (see all 3) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for BST2 OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: BST2 (NM_004335)
		Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for BST2
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat BST2

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for BST2
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for BST2

In Situ Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for BST2

Gene Ontology (GO): 4 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

(inferred from 2 alleles) (MGI details for Bst2)

Pathways & Interactions
for BST2 gene

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/19 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 19):    About this table

Drugs & Compounds
for BST2 gene

Transcripts
for BST2 gene

Expression
for BST2 gene

BST2 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: TGCTGCCTGT

Stem Cell Differentiation: 4 LifeMap Cells
	Name			Category
	PureStem™ progenitor EN13 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)
	PureStem™ progenitor EN7 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)
	PureStem™ progenitor W10 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)
	Definitive endoderm-like cells (A scalable, suspensi...)
Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for BST2 Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat BST2
		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat BST2
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat BST2

In Situ Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for BST2

Orthologs
for BST2 gene

Paralogs
for BST2 gene

Genomic Variants
for BST2 gene

10/82 NCBI SNPs in BST2 are shown (see all 82)     About this table

Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 19 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
-1st2nd3rd	-1st2nd3rd	-1st2nd3rd	-1st2nd3rd	--	--	--	-1st2nd3rd	--	--	-1st2nd3rd	-1st2nd3rd	-1st2nd3rd
rs1417806161,2	C	--	17080733(+)	TACAGA/GTGGCA	2	--	int1 us2k1		0	--	--	--	--
rs573925571,2	F,	--	17080936(+)	GATTTT/GGGGAG	2	--	int1 us2k1		1		EA	120
rs1129581041,2	C	--	17081027(+)	CTCTGT/ACCTCA	2	--	spd1 us2k1		1		CSA	1
rs1139163081,2	C	--	17081028(+)	TCTGAC/G/TCTCAG	2	--	spd1 us2k1		1		CSA	1
rs22782341,2	C,H	--	17081430(-)	TAAGCC/TCCTCT	2	--	int1 us2k1		5		NS EA NA	418
rs1159447381,2	C,F,	--	17081715(+)	CCCAGC/TGAGAG	2	--	us2k1 int1		1		WA	118
rs739214251,2	C,	--	17082726(+)	CTTCCC/TAGCTG	2	--	int1 nc-transcript-variant		2		WA	120
rs1124924721,2	C,	--	17082752(+)	TGGCTG/ACCTGG	2	--	nc-transcript-variantint1		2		CSA WA	120
rs793341931,2	F,	--	17083001(+)	GGTGAC/AGAGCA	2	--	int1 nc-transcript-variant		1		WA	118
rs776818561,2	C,	--	17083056(+)	GACATG/AGAGGG	2	--	nc-transcript-variantint1		2		CSA NA	122

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for BST2 (17513748 - 17516457 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
      Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for BST2: --

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing BST2

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for BST2

Disorders / Diseases
for BST2 gene

19 diseases for BST2

1 Novoseek disease relationship for BST2 gene    About this table

Publications
for BST2 gene

PubMed articles for BST2 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 195) (see top 10): (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with BST2)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic world of online information

1. Molecular cloning and chromosomal mapping of a bone marrow stromal cell surface gene, BST2, that may be involved in pre-B-cell growth. (PubMed id 7607676)^{1, 2, 3, 9} Ishikawa J.... Hirano T. (1995)
2. The formation of cysteine-linked dimers of BST-2/teth erin is important for inhibition of HIV-1 virus release but not for sensitivity to Vpu. (PubMed id 19737401)^{1, 2, 9} Andrew A.J....Strebel K. (2009)
3. Regulation of TLR7/9 responses in plasmacytoid dendri tic cells by BST2 and ILT7 receptor interaction. (PubMed id 19564354)^{1, 2, 9} Cao W....Liu Y.J. (2009)
4. HIV-1 accessory protein Vpu internalizes cell-surface BST-2/tetherin through transmembrane interactions leading to lysosomes. (PubMed id 19837671)^{1, 2, 9} Iwabu Y....Tokunaga K. (2009)
5. Vpu and BST2: still not there yet? (PubMed id 22509177)^{1, 2} Sato K.... Koyanagi Y. (2012)
6. Modulation of hepatitis C virus release by the interfe ron-induced protein BST-2/tetherin. (PubMed id 22520941)^{1, 2} Dafa-Berger A....Taube R. (2012)
7. Restriction of retroviral replication by tetherin/BST-2. (PubMed id 22811908)^{1, 2} Hammonds J.... Spearman P. (2012)
8. Antiviral inhibition of enveloped virus release by tet herin/BST-2: action and counteraction. (PubMed id 21994744)^{1, 2} Le Tortorec A....Neil S.J. (2011)
9. structural basis for the antiviral activity of Bst-2/tetherin and its viral antagonism. (PubMed id 22180752)^{1, 2} Arias J.F.... Tokunaga K. (2011)
10. Tetherin and its viral antagonists. (PubMed id 21222046)^{1, 2} Kuhl B.D....Liang C. (2011)
11. Tetherin inhibits prototypic foamy virus release. (PubMed id 21529378)^{1, 2} Xu F....Qiao W. (2011)
12. Influenza virus is not restricted by tetherin whereas influenza VLP production is restricted by tetherin. (PubMed id 21621240)^{1, 2} Watanabe R....Lamb R.A. (2011)
13. BST-2/tetherin: a new component of the innate immune response to enveloped viruses. (PubMed id 20688520)^{1, 2} Evans D.T.... Guatelli J.C. (2010)
14. Structural insight into the mechanisms of enveloped v irus tethering by tetherin. (PubMed id 20940320)^{1, 2} Yang H....Xiong Y. (2010)
15. The RING-CH ligase K5 antagonizes restriction of KSHV and HIV-1 particle release by mediating ubiquitin-dependent endosomal degradation of tetherin. (PubMed id 20419159)^{1, 2} Pardieu C.... Neil S.J. (2010)
16. Structural basis of HIV-1 tethering to membranes by t he BST-2/tetherin ectodomain. (PubMed id 20399176)^{1, 2} Hinz A....Weissenhorn W. (2010)
17. Structural and functional studies on the extracellula r domain of BST2/tetherin in reduced and oxidized conformations. (PubMed id 20880831)^{1, 2} Schubert H.L....Hill C.P. (2010)
18. Infectious Lassa virus, but not filoviruses, is restr icted by BST-2/tetherin. (PubMed id 20686043)^{1, 2} Radoshitzky S.R....Bavari S. (2010)
19. Broad-spectrum inhibition of retroviral and filoviral particle release by tetherin. (PubMed id 19036818)^{1, 2} Jouvenet N....Bieniasz P.D. (2009)
20. Antagonism to and intracellular sequestration of huma n tetherin by the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 envelope glycoprotein. (PubMed id 19740980)^{1, 2} Le Tortorec A. and Neil S.J. (2009)
21. Tetherin inhibits HIV-1 release by directly tethering virions to cells. (PubMed id 19879838)^{1, 2} Perez-Caballero D....Bieniasz P.D. (2009)
22. A tail of Tetherin: how pandemic HIV-1 conquered the w orld. (PubMed id 19917491)^{1, 2} Gupta R.K. and Towers G.J. (2009)
23. The interferon-induced protein BST-2 restricts HIV-1 release and is downregulated from the cell surface by the viral Vpu protein. (PubMed id 18342597)^{1, 2} Van Damme N.... Guatelli J. (2008)
24. Tetherin inhibits retrovirus release and is antagonized by HIV-1 Vpu. (PubMed id 18200009)^{1, 2} Neil S.J....Bieniasz P.D. (2008)
25. Modification-specific proteomics of plasma membrane proteins: identification and characterization of glycosylphosphatidylinositol- anchored proteins released upon phospholipase D treatment. (PubMed id 16602701)^{1, 2} Elortza F.... Jensen O.N. (2006)
26. Characterization of antibodies submitted to the B cell section of the 8th Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens Workshop by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. (PubMed id 16157322)^{1, 2} Vidal-Laliena M....Engel P. (2005)
27. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
28. Molecular cloning and characterization of a surface antigen preferentially overexpressed on multiple myeloma cells. (PubMed id 10329429)^{1, 2} Ohtomo T.... Tsuchiya M. (1999)
29. Vpu directs the degradation of the human immunodefici ency virus restriction factor BST-2/Tetherin via a {beta}TrCP-dependent mechani sm. (PubMed id 19515779)^{1, 9} Douglas J.L....Moses A.V. (2009)
30. Molecular mechanism of BST2/tetherin downregulation b y K5/MIR2 of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. (PubMed id 19605472)^{1, 9} Mansouri M....FrA1h K. (2009)
31. Direct restriction of virus release and incorporation of the interferon-induced protein BST-2 into HIV-1 particles. (PubMed id 20221443)^{1, 9} Fitzpatrick K....Guatelli J. (2010)
32. Antiviral activity of the interferon-induced cellular protein BST-2/tetherin. (PubMed id 19929170)^{1, 9} Tokarev A....Guatelli J. (2009)
33. Interferon-alpha enhances CD317 expression and the antitumor activity of anti-CD317 monoclonal antibody in renal cell carcinoma xenograft models. (PubMed id 19032371)^{1, 9} Kawai S....Yamada-Okabe H. (2008)
34. Antagonism of CD317 restriction of human immunodefici ency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particle release and depletion of CD317 are separable activities of HIV-1 Vpu. (PubMed id 20147395)^{1, 9} Goffinet C....Fackler O.T. (2010)
35. A flow cytometry-based FRET assay to identify and ana lyse protein-protein interactions in living cells. (PubMed id 20179761)^{1, 9} Banning C....Schindler M. (2010)
36. Vpu serine 52 dependent counteraction of tetherin is required for HIV-1 replication in macrophages, but not in ex vivo human lymphoi d tissue. (PubMed id 20078884)^{1, 9} Schindler M....Kirchhoff F. (2010)
37. The Vpu protein: new concepts in virus release and CD 4 down-modulation. (PubMed id 20201792)^{1, 9} Ruiz A....Stephens E.B. (2010)
38. The transmembrane domain of BST-2 determines its sens itivity to down-modulation by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu. (PubMed id 19474106)^{1, 9} Rong L....Liang C. (2009)
39. HIV-1 Vpu interference with innate cell-mediated immun e mechanisms. (PubMed id 22524181)¹ Sandberg J.K....Moll M. (2012)
40. Counteraction of tetherin antiviral activity by two cl osely related SIVs differing by the presence of a Vpu gene. (PubMed id 22530020)¹ Nikovics K....Saragosti S. (2012)
41. Transmembrane interactions of HIV-1 Vpu and tetherin. (PubMed id 22524177)¹ Guo F. and Liang C. (2012)
42. Intrinsic cellular defenses against human immunodefici ency viruses. (PubMed id 22999946)¹ Blanco-Melo D....Bieniasz P.D. (2012)
43. BST-2 binding with cellular MT1-MMP blocks cell growth and migration via decreasing MMP2 activity. (PubMed id 22065321)² Gu G.... Liu P. (2012)
44. The UBAP1 subunit of ESCRT-I interacts with ubiquitin via a SOUBA domain. (PubMed id 22405001)¹ Agromayor M....Williams R.L. (2012)
45. The tetherin/BST-2 coiled-coil ectodomain mediates pla sma membrane microdomain localization and restriction of particle release. (PubMed id 22130541)¹ Hammonds J....Spearman P. (2012)
46. Influenza A virus does not encode a tetherin antagonis t with Vpu-like activity and induces IFN-dependent tetherin expression in infect ed cells. (PubMed id 22952667)¹ Winkler M....Pohlmann S. (2012)
47. HIV-1 Vpu and BST-2/tetherin: enemies at the gates. (PubMed id 22533470)¹ Tokunaga K. (2012)
48. b-TrCP dependency of HIV-1 Vpu-induced downregulation of CD4 and BST-2/tetherin. (PubMed id 22524179)¹ Blanchet F.P....Piguet V. (2012)
49. Expression analysis of LEDGF/p75, APOBEC3G, TRIM5alpha , and tetherin in a Senegalese cohort of HIV-1-exposed seronegative individuals. (PubMed id 22479480)¹ Mous K....Van Ostade X. (2012)
50. HIV types, groups, subtypes and recombinant forms: err ors in replication, selection pressure and quasispecies. (PubMed id 22286874)¹ Eberle J. and Gurtler L. (2012)
51. The structural biology of HIV-1: mechanistic and thera peutic insights. (PubMed id 22421880)¹ Engelman A. and Cherepanov P. (2012)
52. The cellular antiviral restriction factor tetherin doe s not inhibit poxviral replication. (PubMed id 22090135)¹ Sliva K....Schnierle B.S. (2012)
53. HIV-1 Vpu protein antagonizes innate restriction facto r BST-2 via lipid-embedded helix-helix interactions. (PubMed id 22072710)¹ Skasko M....Guatelli J. (2012)
54. Anti-tetherin activities of HIV-1 Vpu and Ebola virus glycoprotein do not involve removal of tetherin from lipid rafts. (PubMed id 22398279)¹ Lopez L.A....Cannon P.M. (2012)
55. Tetherin has negligible activity in restricting hepati tis C virus in hepatocytes. (PubMed id 21940748)¹ Ye L....Ho W. (2012)
56. Influenza virus partially counteracts restriction impo sed by tetherin/BST-2. (PubMed id 22493439)¹ Mangeat B....Piguet V. (2012)
57. Dimerization of the transmembrane domain of human teth erin in membrane mimetic environments. (PubMed id 22667354)¹ Cole G....Sharpe S. (2012)
58. Structural basis of tetherin function. (PubMed id 22524178)¹ Weissenhorn W....Gottlinger H.G. (2012)
59. Characterization of the interface of the bone marrow s tromal cell antigen 2-Vpu protein complex via computational chemistry. (PubMed id 22264038)¹ Zhou J....Cen S. (2012)
60. Role of the endosomal ESCRT machinery in HIV-1 Vpu-ind uced down-regulation of BST2/tetherin. (PubMed id 22524180)¹ Janvier K....Berlioz-Torrent C. (2012)
61. Sites of action of HIV-1 Vpu in BST-2/tetherin downreg ulation. (PubMed id 22524176)¹ Arias J.F....Tokunaga K. (2012)
62. Delineating HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders us ing transgenic models: the neuropathogenic actions of Vpr. (PubMed id 21918813)¹ Power C....Polyak M. (2012)
63. Adaptation of human and simian immunodeficiency viruse s for resistance to tetherin/BST-2. (PubMed id 22524175)¹ Serra-Moreno R. and Evans D.T. (2012)
64. Tetherin/BST-2 is essential for the formation of the i ntracellular virus-containing compartment in HIV-infected macrophages. (PubMed id 22980332)¹ Chu H....Spearman P. (2012)
65. Inhibition of virus-like particle release of Sendai vi rus and Nipah virus, but not that of mumps virus, by tetherin/CD317/BST-2. (PubMed id 23077864)¹ Kong W.S....Sakaguchi T. (2012)
66. Species tropism of HIV-1 modulated by viral accessory proteins. (PubMed id 22855686)¹ Nomaguchi M....Adachi A. (2012)
67. Vpu-deficient HIV strains stimulate innate immune sign aling responses in target cells. (PubMed id 22647704)¹ Doehle B.P....Gale M. (2012)
68. Virus-activated interferon regulatory factor 7 upregul ates expression of the interferon-regulated BST2 gene independently of interfero n signaling. (PubMed id 22301143)¹ Bego M.G....Cohen E.A. (2012)
69. Vpu augments the initial burst phase of HIV-1 propagat ion and downregulates BST2 and CD4 in humanized mice. (PubMed id 22357275)¹ Sato K....Koyanagi Y. (2012)
70. A cytoplasmic tail determinant in HIV-1 Vpu mediates t argeting of tetherin for endosomal degradation and counteracts interferon-induce d restriction. (PubMed id 22479182)¹ Kueck T. and Neil S.J. (2012)
71. Ubiquitination of BST-2 protein by HIV-1 Vpu protein d oes not require lysine, serine, or threonine residues within the BST-2 cytoplasm ic domain. (PubMed id 22383521)¹ Gustin J.K....Moses A.V. (2012)
72. Role of retroviral restriction factors in the interfer on-a-mediated suppression of HIV-1 in vivo. (PubMed id 22315404)¹ Pillai S.K....Wong J.K. (2012)
73. HIV-1 Vpu's lipid raft association is dispensable for counteraction of the particle release restriction imposed by CD317/Tetherin. (PubMed id 22222210)¹ Fritz J.V....Fackler O.T. (2012)
74. TRIM5alpha and species tropism of HIV/SIV. (PubMed id 22291694)¹ Nakayama E.E. and Shioda T. (2012)
75. HIV Restriction Factors and Mechanisms of Evasion. (PubMed id 22553496)¹ Malim M.H. and Bieniasz P.D. (2012)
76. Initial characterization of the human central proteome. (PubMed id 21269460)² Burkard T.R.... Colinge J. (2011)
77. The interferon-inducible host factor bone marrow stromal antigen 2/tetherin restricts virion release, but is it actually a viral restriction factor? (PubMed id 21166593)² Andrew A. and Strebel K. (2011)
78. Tetherin does not significantly restrict dendritic ce ll-mediated HIV-1 transmission and its expression is upregulated by newly synth esized HIV-1 Nef. (PubMed id 21504576)¹ Coleman C.M....Wu L. (2011)
79. Differential effects of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu on the stability of BST-2/tetherin. (PubMed id 21191020)¹ Andrew A.J....Strebel K. (2011)
80. Lack of adaptation to human tetherin in HIV-1 group O and P. (PubMed id 21955466)¹ Yang S.J....Cannon P.M. (2011)
81. Tetherin antagonism by primate lentiviral nef proteins . (PubMed id 22103835)¹ Sauter D. and Kirchhoff F. (2011)
82. Feline tetherin efficiently restricts release of felin e immunodeficiency virus but not spreading of infection. (PubMed id 21490095)¹ Dietrich I....Willett B.J. (2011)
83. Vpu-mediated tetherin antagonism of ongoing HIV-1 inf ection in CD4(+) T-cells is not directly related to the extent of tetherin cell surface downmodulation. (PubMed id 21757214)¹ Kuhl B.D....Wainberg M.A. (2011)
84. SIV envelope acquires a nefarious habit. (PubMed id 21238941)¹ Neil S. (2011)
85. Some human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu proteins are able to antagonize macaque BST-2 in vitro and in vivo: Vpu-negative simian-h uman immunodeficiency viruses are attenuated in vivo. (PubMed id 21775449)¹ Shingai M....Strebel K. (2011)
86. Role of the endocytic pathway in the counteraction of BST-2 by human lentiviral pathogens. (PubMed id 21813615)¹ Lau D....Guatelli J. (2011)
87. Rab7A is required for efficient production of infectio us HIV-1. (PubMed id 22072966)¹ Caillet M....Berlioz-Torrent C. (2011)
88. C-terminal hydrophobic region in human bone marrow st romal cell antigen 2 (BST-2)/tetherin protein functions as second transmembrane motif. (PubMed id 21937450)¹ Andrew A.J....Strebel K. (2011)
89. SIV Nef proteins recruit the AP-2 complex to antagoni ze Tetherin and facilitate virion release. (PubMed id 21625568)¹ Zhang F....Hatziioannou T. (2011)
90. Separable determinants of subcellular localization and interaction account for the inability of group O HIV-1 Vpu to counteract tether in. (PubMed id 21775465)¹ Vigan R. and Neil S.J. (2011)
91. [Inhibition of HIV virus-like particles production by BST-2]. (PubMed id 21874899)¹ Du Y.L....Guo F. (2011)
92. HIV-1 Vpu blocks recycling and biosynthetic transport of the intrinsic immunity factor CD317/tetherin to overcome the virion release restriction. (PubMed id 21610122)¹ Schmidt S....Keppler O.T. (2011)
93. The HIV-1 Vpu viroporin inhibitor BIT225 does not affe ct Vpu-mediated tetherin antagonism. (PubMed id 22110710)¹ Kuhl B.D....Wainberg M.A. (2011)
94. Upregulation of BST-2/Tetherin by HIV infection in vi vo. (PubMed id 21849457)¹ Homann S....Guatelli J. (2011)
95. Interactions between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV )-1 Vprexpression and innate immunity influence neurovirulence. (PubMed id 21645334)¹ Na H....Power C. (2011)
96. Analysis of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 M group Vpu domains involved in antagonizing tetherin. (PubMed id 21900423)¹ Petit S.J....Towers G.J. (2011)
97. IFN-I^-induced BST2 mediates monocyte adhesion to huma n endothelial cells. (PubMed id 21094940)¹ Yoo H....Kim M. (2011)
98. Ancient origin of a deletion in human BST2/Tetherin th at confers protection against viral zoonoses. (PubMed id 21796732)¹ Sauter D....Kirchhoff F. (2011)
99. I^-TrCP is dispensable for Vpu's ability to overcome t he CD317/Tetherin-imposed restriction to HIV-1 release. (PubMed id 21310048)¹ Tervo H.M....Keppler O.T. (2011)
100. Intracellular defenses against HIV, viral evasion and novel therapeutic approaches. (PubMed id 21741003)¹ Lever R.A. and Lever A.M. (2011)
101. BST2/Tetherin enhances entry of human cytomegalovirus. (PubMed id 22072961)¹ Viswanathan K....Fruh K. (2011)
102. Compensatory changes in the cytoplasmic tail of gp41 c onfer resistance to tetherin/BST-2 in a pathogenic nef-deleted SIV. (PubMed id 21238946)¹ Serra-Moreno R....Evans D.T. (2011)
103. HIV-1 Vpu antagonizes BST-2 by interfering mainly with the trafficking of newly synthesized BST-2 to the cell surface. (PubMed id 21902775)¹ Dube M....Cohen E.A. (2011)
104. Misdirection of membrane trafficking by HIV-1 Vpu and Nef: Keys to viral virulence and persistence. (PubMed id 21922073)¹ Tokarev A. and Guatelli J. (2011)
105. Identification of amino acids in the human tetherin t ransmembrane domain responsible for HIV-1 Vpu interaction and susceptibility. (PubMed id 21068238)¹ Kobayashi T....Koyanagi Y. (2011)
106. Budding capability of the influenza virus neuraminida se can be modulated by tetherin. (PubMed id 21209114)¹ Yondola M.A....Palese P. (2011)
107. Serine-threonine ubiquitination mediates downregulati on of BST-2/tetherin and relief of restricted virion release by HIV-1 Vpu. (PubMed id 20980512)¹ Tokarev A.A....Guatelli J.C. (2011)
108. The ESCRT-0 component HRS is required for HIV-1 Vpu-m ediated BST-2/tetherin down-regulation. (PubMed id 21304933)¹ Janvier K....Berlioz-Torrent C. (2011)
109. Identification of Residues in the BST-2 TM Domain Impo rtant for Antagonism by HIV-1 Vpu Using a Gain-of-Function Approach. (PubMed id 21687426)¹ Yoshida T....Strebel K. (2011)
110. In vivo expression profile of the antiviral restricti on factor and tumor-targeting antigen CD317/BST-2/HM1.24/tetherin in humans. (PubMed id 21808013)¹ Erikson E....Keppler O.T. (2011)
111. BST-2 is rapidly down-regulated from the cell surface by the HIV-1 protein Vpu: evidence for a post-ER mechanism of Vpu-action. (PubMed id 21237475)¹ Skasko M....Guatelli J. (2011)

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