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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

BRAF Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 72
GCID: GC07M140424

v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1

Explore 150 diseases affiliated with
BRAF via

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Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
V-Raf Murine Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog B1¹ ² ³		94 KDa B-Raf Protein²
BRAF1¹ ² ³		B-RAF1²
Proto-Oncogene B-Raf² ³		B-Raf Proto-Oncogene Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase (P94)²
RAFB1² ³		Murine Sarcoma Viral (V-Raf) Oncogene Homolog B1²
P94¹		Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase B-Raf²
NS7² ⁵		EC 2.7.11.1³

External Ids:	HGNC: 1097¹	Entrez Gene: 673²	Ensembl: ENSG00000157764⁷	OMIM: 164757⁵	UniProtKB: P15056³

Export aliases for BRAF gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC07M138705 GC07M139764 GC07M139841 GC07M139754 GC07M139887 GC07M140080 GC07M134729

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for BRAF:

This gene encodes a protein belonging to the raf/mil family of serine/threonine protein kinases. This protein plays a

role in regulating the MAP kinase/ERKs signaling pathway, which affects cell division, differentiation, and secretion.

Mutations in this gene are associated with cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome, a disease characterized by heart defects,

mental retardation and a distinctive facial appearance. Mutations in this gene have also been associated with various

cancers, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma, colorectal cancer, malignant melanoma, thyroid carcinoma, non-small cell lung

carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma of lung. A pseudogene, which is located on chromosome X, has been identified for this

gene. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: BRAF_HUMAN, P15056

Function: Involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. May play a role in

the postsynaptic responses of hippocampal neuron

summary for BRAF:

Raf kinases, a family of three serine/threonine kinases, are part of the ras-MAPK signaling cascade and

phosphorylate MEK. Upon growth factor stimulation, Raf-1 (or c-Raf) is activated by GTP-bound Ras and

recruited to the cell membrane. This activation process is tightly regulated by a number of factors

including phosphatases (e.g. PP1, PP2A, PP5), kinases (e.g. Src, ERK, Akt, PKC) and proteins that bind

directly to Raf-1 (e.g. RKIP, 14-3-3zeta, KSR, Hsp90). Raf-1 is also thought to be able to dimerize with

wild type B-Raf in a Ras-dependent process. B-raf is commonly mutated and thereby activated in many human

cancers, the most frequent mutation being the V600E mutation of the kinase domain. Whilst wt b-Raf and Raf-1

are strongly activated by growth factor signals via Ras and Src, a-Raf is only modestly activated and has

low basal activity. All three isoforms of Raf are considered to be oncogenic.

Gene Wiki entry for BRAF

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000007.13 NC_018918.1 NT_007914.15 NT_079596.2

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the BRAF gene promoter:
p53 AP-1 ATF-2 E2F-2 C/EBPalpha E2F E2F-1 STAT3 c-Jun
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 3): BRAF promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for BRAF

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat BRAF

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 7q34 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 7q34 HGNC cytogenetic band: 7q34

BRAF Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
BRAF gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 7 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC07M140424: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	140,424,943 bp from pter	End:	140,624,564 bp from pter
Size:	199,622 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

1 alternative location:

Chr7-,CRA_TCAG 139,771,989-139,962,886

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: BRAF_HUMAN, P15056 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf

Size: 766 amino acids; 84437 Da

Cofactor: Binds 2 zinc ions per subunit (By similarity)

Subunit: Monomer. Homodimer. Heterodimerizes with RAF1, and the heterodimer possesses a highly increased kinase

activity compared to the respective homodimers or monomers. Heterodimerization is mitogen-regulated and enhanced by

14-3-3 proteins. MAPK1/ERK2 activation can induce a negative feedback that promotes the dissociation of the

heterodimer by phosphorylating BRAF at Thr-753. Found in a complex with at least BRAF, HRAS1, MAP2K1, MAPK3 and RGS14.

Interacts with RIT1. Interacts (via N-terminus) with RGS14 (via RBD domains); the interaction mediates the formation

of a ternary complex with RAF1, a ternary complex inhibited by GNAI1 (By similarity). Interacts with DGKH. Interacts

with PRMT5

Subcellular location: Nucleus (By similarity). Cytoplasm. Cell membrane (By similarity). Note=Colocalizes with RGS14

and RAF1 in both the cytoplasm and membranes (By similarity)

Sequence caution: Sequence=AAD43193.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Sequence=CAQ43111.1; Type=Erroneous

initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally shortened; Sequence=CAQ43112.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation

N-terminally shortened; Sequence=CAQ43113.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally shortened;

Sequence=CAQ43114.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally shortened; Sequence=CAQ43115.1;

Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally shortened; Sequence=CAQ43116.1; Type=Erroneous initiation;

Note=Translation N-terminally shortened;

6/27 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for BRAF (see all 27):

1UWH (3D)

1UWJ (3D)

2FB8 (3D)

2L05 (3D)

3C4C (3D)

3D4Q (3D)

Secondary accessions: A4D1T4 B6HY61 B6HY62 B6HY63 B6HY64 B6HY65 B6HY66 Q13878 Q3MIN6 Q9UDP8 Q9Y6T3

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for BRAF: NX_P15056

Post-translational modifications:

Phosphorylation at Ser-365 by SGK1 inhibits its activity¹

Methylation at Arg-671 decreases stability and kinase activity¹

Ubiquitinated by RNF149; which leads to proteasomal degradation¹

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P15056

BRAF Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins: NP_004324.2

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000419060 ENSP00000288602 ENSP00000418033 ENSP00000420119

Reactome Protein details: P15056
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

	EMD Millipore Purified and/or Recombinant BRAF Protein
	Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	OriGene Purified Proteins (see all 4): BRAF OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: BRAF OriGene Custom Protein Services for BRAF
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for BRAF
	Novus Biologicals BRAF Proteins Novus Biologicals BRAF Lysate
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
	Uscn Proteins for BRAF

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/7 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 7): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005624	membrane fraction	--	--
GO:0005625	soluble fraction	--	--
GO:0005634	nucleus	IEA	--
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	--	--
GO:0005829	cytosol	TAS	--

BRAF for ontologies About GeneDecksing

BRAF Antibody Products:

	EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of BRAF
	R&D Systems Antibodies for BRAF (B-Raf)
	Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Antibodies for BRAF (B-Raf)
	OriGene Antibodies (see all 20): BRAF OriGene Custom Antibody Services for BRAF
	GenScript Superior Antibodies for BRAF
	Novus Biologicals BRAF Antibodies
	Abcam antibodies for BRAF
	Uscn Antibodies for BRAF
	ThermoFisher Antibody for BRAF

Assay Products for BRAF:

	EMD Millipore Kits and Assays for the Analysis of BRAF
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	GenScript BRAF-Activity-based Kinase Assay for Compound Screening
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for BRAF

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

BRAF for domains About GeneDecksing

5/8 InterPro domains/families (see all 8):

IPR017441 Protein_kinase_ATP_BS

IPR001245 Ser-Thr/Tyr_kinase_cat_dom

IPR020454 DAG/PE-bd

IPR011009 Kinase-like_dom

IPR008271 Ser/Thr_kinase_AS

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P15056

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P15056

2 Blocks protein families:

IPB002219 Protein kinase C

IPB003116 Raf-like Ras-binding

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: BRAF_HUMAN, P15056

Similarity: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. RAF subfamily

Similarity: Contains 1 phorbol-ester/DAG-type zinc finger

Similarity: Contains 1 protein kinase domain

Similarity: Contains 1 RBD (Ras-binding) domain

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: BRAF_HUMAN, P15056

Function: Involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. May play a role in

the postsynaptic responses of hippocampal neuron

Catalytic activity: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein

Enzyme regulation: Activity is increased by EGF and HGF

Genatlas biochemistry entry for BRAF:

murine sarcoma 3611 viral (v-raf) oncogene homolog B1 (Rmil),expressed in cerebrum and testis,fused with TIF1A to form

the oncoprotein T18

Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 2.7.11.1¹

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: BRAF Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat BRAF
		2 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate BRAF:
		hsa-miR-9 hsa-miR-659
		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: BRAF 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for BRAF (see all 3) OriGene siRNA: BRAF
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat BRAF

Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for BRAF

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for BRAF (see all 2) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for BRAF OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: BRAF (NM_004333)
		Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for BRAF
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for BRAF
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat BRAF

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for BRAF
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for BRAF

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for BRAF

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/9 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 9): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004672	protein kinase activity	IDA	17563371
GO:0004674	protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA	19667065
GO:0004709	MAP kinase kinase kinase activity	--	--
GO:0005057	receptor signaling protein activity	IEA	--
GO:0005509	calcium ion binding	IDA	18567582

BRAF for ontologies About GeneDecksing

4 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for BRAF:

Decreased substrate adherent c

Synthetic lethal with Ras

Synthetic lethal with c-Myc af

Upregulation of Wnt/beta-caten

Animal Models:
Mouse knock-outs for BRAF: Braf^tm1.1Wds Braf^tm1.1Sva Braf^tm1Zim
15/25 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 14 alleles) (MGI details for Braf) (see all 25):

adipose tissue	behavior/neurological	cardiovascular system	cellular	craniofacial
digestive/alimentary	embryogenesis	endocrine/exocrine gland	growth/size	hematopoietic system
homeostasis/metabolism	immune system	integument	liver/biliary system	mortality/aging

BRAF for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/83 super-pathways (see all 83) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

IL-9 Signaling Pathways

8/12 pathways (see all 12)
IL-9 Signaling Pathways	1.00	IL-4 Signaling Pathways	0.80
IL-21 Signaling Pathways	0.90	Development_Thrombopoietin-regulated cell processes	0.36
IL-7 Signaling Pathways	0.90	Development Thrombopoietin-regulated cell processes	0.36
Common Cytokine Receptor Gamma-Chain Family Signaling Pathways	0.90	Adipocytokines & Insulin Signaling	0.33

ErbB4 Pathway

ErbB4 Pathway	1.00	UVC-Induced MAPK Signaling	0.44
ErbB Family Pathway	0.59	TREM1 Pathway	0.32
Prolactin Signaling	0.54	IL-4 Pathway	0.28
ErbB2-ErbB3 Heterodimers	0.47

G-protein signaling_G-Protein alpha-i signaling cascades

G-protein signaling_G-Protein alpha-i signaling cascades	1.00	Development Beta-adrenergic receptors regulation of ERK	0.55
G-protein signaling G-Protein alpha-i signaling cascades	1.00	G-protein signaling_G-Protein alpha-s signaling cascades	0.44
Development_Beta-adrenergic receptors regulation of ERK	0.55	G-protein signaling G-Protein alpha-s signaling cascades	0.44

GPCR Pathway

GPCR Pathway	1.00	Estrogen Pathway	0.55
Ras Pathway	0.62	Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma	0.55
Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin1	0.58	P2Y Receptor Signaling	0.38

Glioma

Glioma	1.00	Prostate cancer	0.39
Non-small cell lung cancer	0.53	Signaling Pathways in Glioblastoma	0.36
Melanoma	0.43

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

5/17 EMD Millipore Pathways for BRAF (see all 17)

	G-protein signaling Ras family GTPases in kinase cascades (scheme)
	G-protein signaling N-RAS regulation pathway
	G-protein signaling G-Protein alpha-s signaling cascades
	Development G-Proteins mediated regulation MARK-ERK signaling
	G-protein signaling Cross-talk between Ras-family GTPases

5/9 R&D Systems Pathways for BRAF (see all 9)

	IL-21 Signaling Pathways
	IL-2 Signaling Pathways
	IL-4 Signaling Pathways
	Adipocytokines & Insulin Signaling
	IL-7 Signaling Pathways

5/59 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for BRAF (see all 59)

	FLT3 Signaling
	IL-4 Pathway
	Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
	eIF2 Pathway
	TRKA Signaling

1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for BRAF

MAP Kinase Signaling

3 Tocris Bioscience Pathways for BRAF

	Insulin Pathway
	VEGF Pathway
	MAPK Pathway

5/17 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for BRAF (see all 17)

	G-protein signaling G-Protein alpha-s signaling cascades
	G-protein signaling M-RAS regulation pathway
	Development A2A receptor signaling
	Development Neurotrophin family signaling
	Development Thrombopoietin-regulated cell processes

5/19 BioSystems Pathways for BRAF (see all 19)

	Integrated Breast Cancer Pathway
	Integrin-mediated cell adhesion
	Signaling Pathways in Glioblastoma
	Senescence and Autophagy
	Focal Adhesion

5/20 Reactome Pathways for BRAF (see all 20)

	Transmission across Chemical Synapses
	Post NMDA receptor activation events
	Neuronal System
	Disease
	Negative regulation of FGFR signaling

2 PharmGKB Pathways for BRAF

	Sorafenib Pharmacodynamics
	Vemurafenib Pathway, Pharmacodynamics

5/27 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for BRAF) (see all 27):

	MAPK signaling pathway
	ErbB signaling pathway
	Chemokine signaling pathway
	mTOR signaling pathway
	Vascular smooth muscle contraction

BRAF for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for BRAF

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/122 Interacting proteins for BRAF (P15056^{1, 2, 3} ENSP00000288602⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 122)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
MAP3K1	Q13233²^,³, ENSP00000382423⁴	MINT-3374124 MINT-2833404 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000382423
RPS6KA2	Q15349²^,³, ENSP00000386050⁴	MINT-2833347 MINT-2833314 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000386050
KSR1	Q8IVT5²^,³, ENSP00000268763⁴	MINT-8396979 I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000268763
HSP90AB1	P08238¹^,³, ENSP00000325875⁴	EBI-365980,EBI-352572 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000325875
SFN	P31947²^,³	MINT-3975375 I2D: score=2

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/17 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 17): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0000165	MAPK cascade	--	--
GO:0000186	activation of MAPKK activity	TAS	--
GO:0006468	protein phosphorylation	IDA	17563371
GO:0007264	small GTPase mediated signal transduction	TAS	--
GO:0007268	synaptic transmission	TAS	--

BRAF for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

BRAF for compounds About GeneDecksing

EMD Millipore small molecules for BRAF:
Small Molecule - inhibitor

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Compounds for BRAF available from Tocris Bioscience About this table

Compound	Action	CAS #
GDC 0879	Potent B-Raf inhibitor	[905281-76-7]
ZM 336372	Potent, selective c-Raf inhibitor	[208260-29-1]
SB 590885	Potent B-Raf inhibitor	[405554-55-4]
GW 5074	Potent, selective c-Raf1 kinase inhibitor	[220904-83-6]
L-779,450	Potent Raf kinase inhibitor	[303727-31-3]

10/845 HMDB Compounds for BRAF (see all 845) About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
ADP	adenosindiphosphorsaeure (see all 8)	58-64-0	--
Adenosine triphosphate	5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) Adenosine (see all 24)	56-65-5	--
DG(14:0/14:0/0:0)	DAG(14:0/14:0) (see all 9)	--	--
DG(14:0/14:1(9Z)/0:0)	DAG(14:0/14:1) (see all 15)	--	--
DG(14:0/15:0/0:0)	Diacylglycerol(29:0) (see all 9)	--	--
DG(14:0/16:0/0:0)	DAG(30:0) (see all 9)	--	--
DG(14:0/16:1(9Z)/0:0)	DG(30:1) (see all 15)	--	--
DG(14:0/18:0/0:0)	DG(14:0/18:0) (see all 9)	--	--
DG(14:0/18:1(11Z)/0:0)	Diacylglycerol (see all 15)	--	--
DG(14:0/18:1(9Z)/0:0)	1-myristoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol (see all 15)	--	--

4 DrugBank Compounds for BRAF About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
Sorafenib	--	284461-73-0	target	inhibitor	16901402 16880785 11752352 17575107 16609060 20812347
(1E)-5-(1-piperidin-4-yl-3-pyridin-4-yl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one oxime	--	--	target	--	10592235
N-{2,4-difluoro-3-[(5-pyridin-3-yl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)carbonyl]phenyl}ethanesulfonamide	--	--	target	--	10592235
N-{3-[(5-chloro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)carbonyl]-2,4-difluorophenyl}propane-1-sulfonamide	--	--	target	--	10592235

10/58 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for BRAF gene (see all 58) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
crcs	79.1	24	19474002 (4), 19147861 (2), 18435933 (2), 15542810 (2) (see all 15)
panitumumab	77.9	3	19001320 (4), 19806185 (2), 18621636 (2), 19935791 (1)
cetuximab	71.4	23	19001320 (4), 20146801 (3), 19806185 (2), 19884556 (2) (see all 13)
sorafenib	71.2	33	19638574 (5), 18676765 (3), 19878585 (3), 18192256 (1) (see all 20)
threonine	60.8	41	8557035 (1), 14508525 (1), 19206169 (1), 1630826 (1) (see all 35)
gw-5074	59.5	11	18194435 (5), 16314406 (1), 15255937 (1)
17-(allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin	58.8	10	18375819 (2), 16371460 (1), 18281615 (1), 18676857 (1)
o6-methylguanine	51.4	6	19164452 (1), 17867575 (1), 18300810 (1), 15616773 (1) (see all 6)
valine	47.7	10	15688405 (1), 16964379 (1), 19149686 (1), 19200582 (1) (see all 9)
phosphatidylinositol	46.1	6	15263001 (2), 8576262 (1), 17183069 (1), 19118027 (1) (see all 5)

1 PharmGKB related drug/compound annotation for BRAF gene

Drug/compound	PharmGKB Annotation
vemurafenib	DL

About this table

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about BRAF

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for BRAF gene:

NM_004333.4

Unigene Cluster for BRAF:

V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1

Hs.550061 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_004333

5 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000496384 ENST00000288602(uc003vwc.4) ENST00000479537 ENST00000497784

ENST00000469930

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Additional cDNA sequence:

AK314346.1 BC038966.1 BC101757.1 BC112079.1 GU149303.1 HM053972.1 HM437233.1 M21001.1

M95712.2

8 DOTS entries:

DT.412400 DT.95121279 DT.92070713 DT.121078775 DT.75172532 DT.121078703 DT.40105916 DT.445289

24/151 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 151):

AK098095 AI435611 AA676542 AL135067 CB241287 AA907838 BQ771705 AA705424

BE620440 AI378370 CA396753 AA279937 AI796104 AA905230 BU742293 BX280711

AI378339 AA812678 AA679780 BM931879 CA868313 AI384098 AU118767 BF089752

GeneLoc Exon Structure

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

BRAF expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: AAGAGATTAA

About this image
See BRAF Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for BRAF

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.550061

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: BRAF_HUMAN, P15056

Tissue specificity: Brain and testis

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including BRAF (see all 7):

Lung Cancer in human mouse rat

Insulin Signaling Pathway in human mouse rat

EGF / PDGF Signaling Pathway in human mouse rat

Focal Adhesions in human mouse rat

Apoptosis 384HT in human mouse rat

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(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

Orthologs for BRAF gene from 8/28 species (see all 28) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	BRAF¹	v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1	85.67(n) 94.63(a)		396239 NM_205302.1 NP_990633.1
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	BRAF⁶	--	86(a)	1 ↔ 1	5(15603244-15652623)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	BRAF²	serine/threonine protein kinase BRAF	79.22(n)		AB113401.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	AB113402.1²	--	76.52(n)		AB113402.1
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	phl^{1 , 3}	dorsal/ventral axis determination, follicular more³ pole hole¹	42(a)³ 50.9(n)¹ 48.16(a)¹		1 3A1³ 31221¹ NM_080308.2¹ NP_525047.1¹
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)	Secernentea	lin-45^{1 , 3}	Expression: head neurons, neurons³ Protein LIN-45¹	54(a)³ 51.83(n)¹ 48.29(a)¹		IV(6743426-6747592)³ 177436¹ NM_171367.4¹ NP_741430.3¹
thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)	eudicotyledons	AT3G24715⁶ AT3G46920⁶ (see all 7)	octicosapeptide/Phox/Bem1p domain-containing prote... octicosapeptide/Phox/Bem1p domain-containing prote... (see all 7)	9(a) 9(a) (see all 7)	many ↔ many many ↔ many (see all 7)	3(9025849-9029948) 3(17280430-17284857)
rice (Oryza sativa)	Liliopsida	-- -- (see all 5)	protein kinase domain containing protein, expresse... protein kinase domain containing protein, expresse... (see all 5)	9(a) 9(a) (see all 5)	many ↔ many many ↔ many (see all 5)	6(26398279-26404234) 2(33380337-33387027)

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for BRAF (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for BRAF (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for BRAF gene

MAP3K11² MAP3K12² KIAA1804² RAF1² KSR2² KSR1² MOS² MAP3K10²

MAP3K9² ARAF² MAP3K7² MAP3K7CL² TNNI3K² ZAK² MAP3K13² ILK²

18/106 SIMAP similar genes for BRAF using alignment to 8 protein entries: BRAF_HUMAN (see all proteins) (see all similar genes):

RAF1 ARAF MARK2 BLK RPS6KA2 JAK2

MARK4 TESK2 TYRO3 MAP3K9 MAP3K6 NEK5

MAP3K15 MERTK NEK8 PHKG2 RPS6KA3 CDK16

BRAF for paralogs About GeneDecksing

1 Pseudogenes.org Pseudogene for BRAF
PGOHUM00000241860

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 7 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs121913369^1,2	C	pathogenic	139791327(-)	`TTGGTC/GTAGCT`	2	L V	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs121913364^1,2	C	other	139791315(-)	`CAGTGA/GAATCT`	2	K E	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs113488022^1,2	C	other	139791317(-)	`TACAGA/C/TGAAAT`	3	E A V	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs121913378^1,2	C	other	139791318(-)	`CTACAA/G/TTGAAA`	3	M V L	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs121913338^1,2	C	other	139791335(-)	`AGGTGA/G/TTTTTG`	3	D G V	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs121913355^1,2	C	other	139819576(-)	`ATTTGA/C/G/T AACAG`	4	E A G V	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs121913357^1,2	C	other	139819577(-)	`CATTTA/C/GGAACA`	3	R G	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs121913351^1,2	C	other	139819585(-)	`ATCTGA/C/G/T ATCAT`	4	E A G V	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs121913348^1,2	C	other	139819591(-)	`AATTGA/G/TATCTG`	3	E G V	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs6948377^1,2	C,	--	134880089(+)	`gtgtgC/Tgtgtg`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for BRAF (140424943 - 140624564 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 1 variation for BRAF
1 Indel: 41033
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): BRAF

5/38 SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays for BRAF (see all 38):

Cosmic Id	AA Change
463	p.E586K
461	p.G469E
6265	p.K601N
458	p.G469S
462	p.N581S

5/31 SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays containing BRAF (see all 31):

Breast Cancer

Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) (Panel II)

Cancer Comprehensive Panel 384HT

Lung Cancer

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing BRAF

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for BRAF

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

BRAF for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 164757
OMIM disorders: 211980  115150  613706  613707
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: BRAF_HUMAN, P15056

Note=Defects in BRAF are found in a wide range of cancers

Defects in BRAF may be a cause of colorectal cancer (CRC) [MIM:114500]

Defects in BRAF are involved in lung cancer (LNCR) [MIM:211980]. LNCR is a common malignancy affecting tissues

of the lung. The most common form of lung cancer is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that can be divided into 3

major histologic subtypes: squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell lung cancer. NSCLC is often

diagnosed at an advanced stage and has a poor prognosis

Defects in BRAF are involved in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) [MIM:605027]. NHL is a cancer that starts in cells

of the lymph system, which is part of the body's immune system. NHLs can occur at any age and are often marked by

enlarged lymph nodes, fever and weight loss

Defects in BRAF are a cause of cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFC syndrome) [MIM:115150]; also known as

cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome. CFC syndrome is characterized by a distinctive facial appearance, heart defects and

mental retardation. Heart defects include pulmonic stenosis, atrial septal defects and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Some affected individuals present with ectodermal abnormalities such as sparse, friable hair, hyperkeratotic skin

lesions and a generalized ichthyosis-like condition. Typical facial features are similar to Noonan syndrome. They

include high forehead with bitemporal constriction, hypoplastic supraorbital ridges, downslanting palpebral fissures,

a depressed nasal bridge, and posteriorly angulated ears with prominent helices. The inheritance of CFC syndrome is

autosomal dominant

Defects in BRAF are the cause of Noonan syndrome type 7 (NS7) [MIM:613706]. Noonan syndrome is a disorder

characterized by facial dysmorphic features such as hypertelorism, a downward eyeslant and low-set posteriorly rotated

ears. Other features can include short stature, a short neck with webbing or redundancy of skin, cardiac anomalies,

deafness, motor delay and variable intellectual deficits

Defects in BRAF are the cause of LEOPARD syndrome type 3 (LEOPARD3) [MIM:613707]. LEOPARD3 is a disorder

characterized by lentigines, electrocardiographic conduction abnormalities, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonic stenosis,

abnormalities of genitalia, retardation of growth, and sensorineural deafness

Note=A chromosomal aberration involving BRAF is found in pilocytic astrocytomas. A tandem duplication of 2 Mb

at 7q34 leads to the expression of a KIAA1549-BRAF fusion protein with a constitutive kinase activity and inducing

cell transformation

20/150 diseases for BRAF (see all 150): About MalaCards

non-small cell lung carcinoma non-hodgkin lymphoma hodgkin's lymphoma cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome

thyroid carcinoma colorectal cancer carcinoma adenocarcinoma

nonsmall cell lung cancer, somatic lung carcinoma thyroiditis melanoma

spitz nevus sarcoma struma ovarii familial adenomatous polyposis

pilocytic astrocytoma of cerebellum posterior uveal melanoma melanoma, malignant, somatic developmental disabilities

1 disease from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for BRAF:

Melanoma

10/97 Novoseek disease relationships for BRAF gene (see all 97) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
thyroid papillary carcinoma	91.4	159	15968271 (6), 17060774 (4), 20012784 (3), 15095090 (2) (see all 99)
cfc syndrome	89.8	17	18651097 (2), 17366577 (2), 17551924 (2), 19376813 (2) (see all 12)
microsatellite instability	89.4	103	16403224 (4), 18718023 (3), 15221372 (2), 18517279 (2) (see all 87)
papillary thyroid cancer	86.7	58	16487015 (3), 16174717 (2), 12970315 (2), 16708643 (2) (see all 41)
melanoma	85.4	857	15824163 (9), 15917418 (8), 17699719 (8), 15060100 (7) (see all 99)
somatic mutations	81.4	66	20200438 (3), 16567964 (2), 14688025 (2), 14612909 (1) (see all 54)
thyroid cancer	80.5	69	17878251 (5), 19878585 (5), 12970315 (3), 17179987 (3) (see all 40)
thyroid carcinoma anaplastic	79.9	20	15195111 (7), 16533790 (2), 15880523 (1), 17878251 (1) (see all 11)
colorectal cancer	79.9	211	14734469 (7), 17924122 (6), 15782118 (5), 15340260 (5) (see all 99)
tumors	74.1	721	16199894 (6), 18473997 (6), 18235983 (5), 19919912 (5) (see all 99)

GeneTests: BRAF

Costello Syndrome

Cardiofaciocutaneous Syndrome

Genetic Association Database (GAD): BRAF
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: BRAF (256 documents)

Export disorders for BRAF gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for BRAF gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 1671):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with BRAF)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Complete coding sequence of a human B-raf cDNA and detection of B-raf protein kinase with isozyme specific antibodies. (PubMed id 2284096)^{1, 2, 3} Sithanandam G.... Rapp U.R. (1990)
BRAF mutation predicts a poorer clinical prognosis for papillary thyroid cancer. (PubMed id 16174717)^{1, 4, 9} Xing M....Ladenson P.W. (2005)
BRAF mutations in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. (PubMed id 14612909)^{1, 2, 9} Lee J.W.... Lee S.H. (2003)
No Evidence for BRAF as a melanoma/nevus susceptibility gene. (PubMed id 15824163)^{1, 4, 9} Jackson S....Newton Bishop J.A. (2005)
BRAF gene is somatically mutated but does not make a major contribution to malignant melanoma susceptibility: the Italian Melanoma Intergroup Study. (PubMed id 14722037)^{1, 4, 9} Casula M....Palmieri G. (2004)
BRAF mutation in endometrial carcinoma and hyperplasi a: correlation with KRAS and p53 mutations and mismatch repair protein expressi on. (PubMed id 16144912)^{1, 4, 9} Feng Y.Z....Konishi I. (2005)
Mutations of the BRAF gene in papillary thyroid carcinoma and in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. (PubMed id 16143028)^{1, 4, 9} Kim K.H....Kang D.Y. (2005)
BRAF mutations in colorectal carcinoma suggest two entities of microsatellite-unstable tumors. (PubMed id 16015629)^{1, 4, 9} Lubomierski N....Raedle J. (2005)
BRAF and NRAS mutations are frequent in nodular melanoma but are not associated with tumor cell proliferation or patient survival. (PubMed id 16098042)^{1, 4, 9} Akslen L.A....Kumar R. (2005)
Diacylglycerol kinase eta augments C-Raf activity and B-Raf/C-Raf heterodimerization. (PubMed id 19710016)^{1, 2, 9} Yasuda S....Sakane F. (2009)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 673	HGNC: 1097	AceView: BRAF	Ensembl:ENSG00000157764	euGenes: HUgn673
ECgene: BRAF	Kegg: 673	H-InvDB: BRAF

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for BRAF	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for BRAF	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
GeneReviews	http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/GeneTests/lab/gene/BRAF

Intellectual Property for BRAF gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

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Patent Information for BRAF gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving BRAF

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

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Advanced Cell Diagnostics
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v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1

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Dysplastic Nevi
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familial adenomatous polyposis
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PAPILLARY THYROID MICROCARCINOMA
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Metastasis
prostatic adenocarcinoma
Sarcoma
Necrosis
molecular pathology
Cardiofaciocutaneous Syndrome
COLON TUMOR
neoplastic transformation
Gastric Cancer
Developmental Disabilities
Melanoma
skin tumor
Colon Cancer
Adenoma Follicular
Glioma
Hyperplasia
Goiter Nodular
Cystadenoma
Polycystic Kidney Diseases
Carcinoma
Thyroid Cancer
Nevi Melanocytic
Allelic Loss
Carcinoma Endometrioid
Carcinoma Papillary
Carcinoma Anaplastic
metastatic melanoma
THYROID PAPILLARY CARCINOMA
Macrocephaly
Carcinoma Renal Cell
Pancreatic Cancer
Cancer Lung
Goiter
Costello Syndrome
oligodendroglial tumors
THYROID ADENOMA
Carcinoma Mucinous
Adenoma
uveal melanoma
OVARIAN CARCINOMA
Carcinoma Medullary
Cholangiocarcinoma
solid tumor
Thyroid Diseases
papillary thyroid cancer
Colorectal Tumors
Chromosomal Aberrations
Hashimotos Thyroiditis
THYROID CARCINOMA
Endometrial Cancer

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Export list of displayed genes

BRAF Gene

v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1

Aliasesfor BRAF gene

Summariesfor BRAF gene

Genomic Viewsfor BRAF gene

Proteinsfor BRAF gene

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Functionfor BRAF gene

Pathways & Interactionsfor BRAF gene

Drugs & Compoundsfor BRAF gene

Transcriptsfor BRAF gene

Expression for BRAF gene

Orthologsfor BRAF gene

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Aliases
for BRAF gene

Summaries
for BRAF gene

Genomic Views
for BRAF gene

Proteins
for BRAF gene

Protein Domains /
Families
for BRAF gene

Function
for BRAF gene

Pathways & Interactions
for BRAF gene

Drugs & Compounds
for BRAF gene

Transcripts
for BRAF gene

Expression
for BRAF gene

Orthologs
for BRAF gene

Paralogs
for BRAF gene

Genomic Variants
for BRAF gene

Disorders / Diseases
for BRAF gene

Publications
for BRAF gene

Intellectual Property
for BRAF gene

Products
for BRAF gene