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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

AXL Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 69
GCID: GC19P041725

AXL receptor tyrosine kinase
 Explore 63 diseases affiliated with
AXL via
MalaCards
our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for AXL    

Aliases
for AXL gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
AXL Receptor Tyrosine Kinase1 2     AXL Transforming Sequence/Gene2
UFO1 2 3     Oncogene AXL2
JTK111 2     Tyrosine-Protein Kinase Receptor UFO2
AXL Oncogene2 3     EC 2.7.108
EC 2.7.10.13 8     

External Ids:    HGNC: 9051   Entrez Gene: 5582   Ensembl: ENSG000001676017   OMIM: 1091355   UniProtKB: P305303   

Export aliases for AXL gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC19P042364 GC19P042116 GC19P046400 GC19P046416 GC19P038157


Summaries
for AXL gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for AXL:
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase subfamily. Although it is similar to other
receptor tyrosine kinases, this protein represents a unique structure of the extracellular region that juxtaposes IgL
and FNIII repeats. It transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding growth factors
like vitamin K-dependent protein growth-arrest-specific gene 6. It is involved in the stimulation of cell
proliferation and can also mediate cell aggregation by homophilic binding. Alternatively spliced transcript variants
encoding different isoforms have been identified. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: UFO_HUMAN, P30530
Function: Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding
growth factor GAS6 and which is thus regulating many physiological processes including cell survival, cell
proliferation, migration and differentiation. Ligand binding at the cell surface induces dimerization and
autophosphorylation of AXL. Following activation by ligand, ALX binds and induces tyrosine phosphorylation of
PI3-kinase subunits PIK3R1, PIK3R2 and PIK3R3; but also GRB2, PLCG1, LCK and PTPN11. Other downstream substrate
candidates for AXL are CBL, NCK2, SOCS1 and TENC1. Recruitment of GRB2 and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase regulatory
subunits by AXL leads to the downstream activation of the AKT kinase. GAS6/AXL signaling plays a role in various
processes such as endothelial cell survival during acidification by preventing apoptosis, optimal cytokine signaling
during human natural killer cell development, hepatic regeneration, gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron survival and
migration, platelet activation, or regulation of thrombotic responses. Plays also an important role in inhibition of
Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-mediated innate immune response. In case of filovirus infection, seems to function as a
cell entry factor

Gene Wiki entry for AXL (AXL receptor tyrosine kinase)


Genomic Views
for AXL gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000019.9  NC_018930.1  NT_011109.16  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the AXL gene promoter:
         AP-1   ATF-2   c-Jun   c-Myc   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: AXL promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for AXL

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat AXL


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 19q13.1   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  19q13.2   HGNC cytogenetic band: 19q13.1

AXL Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
AXL gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 19         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC19P041725:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 41,725,108 bp from pter      End:
 41,767,671 bp from pter
Size:
 42,564 bases      Orientation:
 plus strand

Proteins
for AXL gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: UFO_HUMAN, P30530 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO precursor  
Size: 894 amino acids; 98336 Da
Subunit: Heterodimer and heterotetramer with ligand GAS6. Interacts with CBL, GRB2, LCK, NCK2, PIK3R1, PIK3R2, PIK3R3,
PLCG1, SOCS1 and TENC1. Part of a complex including AXL, TNK2 and GRB2, in which GRB2 promotes AXL recruitment by TNK2
Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein
1 PDB 3D structure from and Proteopedia for AXL:
2C5D (3D)    
Secondary accessions: Q8N5L2 Q9UD27
Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms:  P30530-1   P30530-2   

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for AXL: NX_P30530

Post-translational modifications:

  • Monoubiquitinated upon GAS6-binding. A very small proportion of the receptor could be subjected to polyubiquitination
    • in a very transient fashion1
  • Phosphorylated at tyrosine residues by autocatalysis, which activates kinase activity1
  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P30530

    • 4/9 DME Specific Peptides for AXL (P30530) (see all 9)
     GNRLKQP  RDLAARN  GDYYRQG  FSCEAHN 

    AXL Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_001690.2  NP_068713.2  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000301178   ENSP00000351995  

    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
    EMD Millipore Purified and/or Recombinant AXL Protein
    R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for AXL
    Enzo Life Sciences proteins for AXL
    OriGene Purified Protein: AXL
    OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: AXL
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    Novus Biologicals AXL Proteins
    Novus Biologicals AXL Lysates
    Sino Biological Recombinant Protein for AXL
    Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
    Uscn Proteins for AXL

    Gene Ontology (GO): 3 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005615extracellular space IDA--
    GO:0005887integral to plasma membrane TAS1656220
    GO:0009986cell surface IDA19657094


    AXL for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    AXL Antibody Products: 
    EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of AXL
    R&D Systems Antibodies for AXL
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    Abcam antibodies for AXL 
    Uscn Antibodies for AXL
    ThermoFisher Antibodies for AXL

    Assay Products for AXL: 
    Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
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    R&D Systems ELISAs for AXL         (see all)
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    Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Sandwich ELISA Kits for AXL
    Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for AXL

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for AXL gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    AXL for domains           About GeneDecksing

    5/11 InterPro domains/families (see all 11):
     IPR007110 Ig-like_dom
     IPR017441 Protein_kinase_ATP_BS
     IPR003599 Ig_sub
     IPR001245 Ser-Thr/Tyr_kinase_cat_dom
     IPR003961 Fibronectin_type3

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P30530

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P30530

    2 Blocks protein families:
    IPB003599 Immunoglobulin subtype
    IPB008266 Tyrosine protein kinase


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: UFO_HUMAN, P30530
    Similarity: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. AXL/UFO subfamily
    Similarity: Contains 2 fibronectin type-III domains
    Similarity: Contains 2 Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains
    Similarity: Contains 1 protein kinase domain


    Function
    for AXL gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: UFO_HUMAN, P30530
    Function: Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding
    growth factor GAS6 and which is thus regulating many physiological processes including cell survival, cell
    proliferation, migration and differentiation. Ligand binding at the cell surface induces dimerization and
    autophosphorylation of AXL. Following activation by ligand, ALX binds and induces tyrosine phosphorylation of
    PI3-kinase subunits PIK3R1, PIK3R2 and PIK3R3; but also GRB2, PLCG1, LCK and PTPN11. Other downstream substrate
    candidates for AXL are CBL, NCK2, SOCS1 and TENC1. Recruitment of GRB2 and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase regulatory
    subunits by AXL leads to the downstream activation of the AKT kinase. GAS6/AXL signaling plays a role in various
    processes such as endothelial cell survival during acidification by preventing apoptosis, optimal cytokine signaling
    during human natural killer cell development, hepatic regeneration, gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron survival and
    migration, platelet activation, or regulation of thrombotic responses. Plays also an important role in inhibition of
    Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-mediated innate immune response. In case of filovirus infection, seems to function as a
    cell entry factor
    Catalytic activity: ATP + a [protein]-L-tyrosine = ADP + a [protein]-L-tyrosine phosphate
    Enzyme regulation: Activated by GAS6-binding and subsequent autophosphorylation

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for AXL:
    AXL transforming sequence,activated by GAS6,involved in the protection of neurons from apoptosis across neuronal
    migration,expressed in neural lymphoid,vascular and reproductive tissue,involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis
    and in primary and tumor cell lines derived from these sources

    Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 2.7.10.11 2 EC 2.7.102

    miRNA
    Products:            		miRTarBase miRNAs that target AXL:
    hsa-mir-1 (MIRT002758)

    OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 2): AXL
    Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat AXL
    8/22 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate AXL (see all 22):
    hsa-miR-25 hsa-miR-650 hsa-miR-449a hsa-miR-24 hsa-miR-33b hsa-miR-3612 hsa-miR-92b hsa-miR-3173-3p
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: AXL 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:            		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for AXL (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: AXL
    OriGene siRNA: AXL
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat AXL

    Gene Editing
    Products:    		DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for AXL

    Clone
    Products:             		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for AXL (see all 9)
    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for AXL (see all 3)
    OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling 
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): AXL (NM_021913)
    Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for AXL
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for AXL
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat AXL 

    Cell Line
    Products:             		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for AXL
    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for AXL

    In Situ Assay
    Products:       
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for AXL

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0001786phosphatidylserine binding IDA--
    GO:0004714transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity IEA--
    GO:0005515protein binding IPI--
    GO:0005524ATP binding IEA--
    GO:0046982protein heterodimerization activity IEA--


    AXL for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    4 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for AXL:
     Decreased substrate adherent c  Increased cell death in breast  Increased mitotic index  Increased viability after born 

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-out Axltm1Grl for AXL
         13 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 2 alleles) (MGI details for Axl):
     cardiovascular system  cellular  endocrine/exocrine gland  hematopoietic system  homeostasis/metabolism 
     immune system  integument  liver/biliary system  nervous system  normal 
     reproductive system  skeleton  vision/eye 

    AXL for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    Pathways & Interactions
    for AXL gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/11 super-pathways (see all 11) About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1GPCR Pathway
    		GPCR Pathway1.00
    		Estrogen Pathway0.55
    		Ras Pathway0.62
    		Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma0.55
    		Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin10.58
    		Paxillin Interactions0.53
    		NFAT in Immune Response0.58
    		P2Y Receptor Signaling0.38
    2Rho Family GTPases
    		Rho Family GTPases1.00
    		MAPK Signaling0.51
    		ERK Signaling0.61
    		ILK Signaling0.45
    		Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer0.51
    3Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency
    		Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency1.00
    		14-3-3 Induced Intracellular Signaling0.59
    		GSK3 Signaling0.61
    		eNOS Signaling0.48
    4Actin Nucleation by ARP-WASP Complex
    		Actin Nucleation by ARP-WASP Complex1.00
    		CDC42 Pathway0.34
    		Actin Nucleation and Branching0.66
    5Akt Signaling
    		Akt Signaling1.00
    		p38 Signaling0.60

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    5/29 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for AXL (see all 29)
        MAPK Signaling
    Paxillin Interactions
    Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway
    Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
    Intracellular Calcium Signaling

    1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for AXL
        Tyrosine Kinases / Adaptors



    AXL for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for AXL

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/34 Interacting proteins for AXL (P305302, 3 ENSP000003011784) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 34)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    GAS6Q143932, 3, ENSP000003318314MINT-2735822 MINT-2735908 MINT-2738515 MINT-2735786 MINT-2735853 MINT-2735881 MINT-2735935 MINT-2735964 I2D: score=5 STRING: ENSP00000331831
    PIK3R1P279862, 3, ENSP000002743354MINT-8028639 MINT-8028655 I2D: score=5 STRING: ENSP00000274335
    PLCG1P191742, 3, ENSP000002440074MINT-8028607 MINT-8028623 I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000244007
    GRB2P629932, 3, ENSP000003390074MINT-8026688 MINT-8028671 MINT-8028687 I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000339007
    LCKP062393, ENSP000003378254I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000337825
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/32 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 32):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0001764neuron migration IEA--
    GO:0001779natural killer cell differentiation IEA--
    GO:0001961positive regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway IDA18840707
    GO:0001974blood vessel remodeling IEA--
    GO:0006909phagocytosis IDA--


    AXL for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for AXL gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    AXL for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Enzo Life Sciences drugs & compounds for AXL

    Browse Tocris compounds for AXL

    2 HMDB Compounds for AXL    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    ADPadenosindiphosphorsaeure (see all 8)58-64-0--
    Adenosine triphosphate5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) Adenosine (see all 24)56-65-5--
    7 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for AXL gene    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    tyrosine 80.5 193 1656220 (5), 15964779 (4), 9259426 (4), 9287338 (3) (see all 99)
    gamma-carboxyglutamic acid 62.4 8 18760998 (2), 12871548 (1), 15605394 (1)
    wortmannin 51.2 1 17255529 (1)
    warfarin 44.4 4 11290560 (1), 15199298 (1), 11546821 (1)
    ly294002 41.7 2 15380678 (1), 19027714 (1)
    phosphatidylinositol 39.2 2 17255529 (1), 15380678 (1)
    phosphatidylserine 18.2 3 18760998 (2)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about AXL / UFO 

    Transcripts
    for AXL gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for AXL gene (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_001699.4  NM_021913.3  

    Unigene Cluster for AXL:

    AXL receptor tyrosine kinase
    Hs.590970  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_021913
    2 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000301178(uc010ehi.1 uc010ehj.3) ENST00000359092(uc010ehk.3)


    miRNA
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    hsa-miR-25 hsa-miR-650 hsa-miR-449a hsa-miR-24 hsa-miR-33b hsa-miR-3612 hsa-miR-92b hsa-miR-3173-3p
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: AXL 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene siRNA: AXL
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat AXL
    Clone
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    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): AXL (NM_021913)
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    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat AXL 
    Primer
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    Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
    SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat AXL
      QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat AXL
      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat AXL

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AK309139.1 AK310881.1 BC032229.1 M76125.1 S65125.1 X57019.1 X66029.1 

    15 DOTS entries:

    DT.100786483  DT.97805775  DT.91755245  DT.100029048  DT.100041719  DT.100780536  DT.456157  DT.121460717 
    DT.121460881  DT.121461087  DT.91677197  DT.91681161  DT.95191274  DT.95375668  DT.91683879 

    24/304 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 304):

    CA390178 CB269648 BG251255 AI299882 BI871630 AI418665 AA301801 BQ955114 
    BQ774129 BU542214 BQ960243 F08146 BM669998 AW838042 AA477138 BM559268 
    W76451 F07212 W67314 BQ011864 AW838035 BM695457 BQ708279 AI309979 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    3 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for AXL    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1a · 1b ^ 2 ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5a · 5b ^ 6 ^ 7 ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10 ^ 11 ^ 12 ^ 13 ^ 14 ^ 15 ^ 16 ^ 17 ^ 18 ^ 19 ^ 20 ^ 21
    SP1:              -                                                                                                                           
    SP2:              -                                                           -                                                               
    SP3:                                                                                                                                          


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for AXL

    Expression
    for AXL gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    AXL expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: TTGCCCCCGT

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)
    About this image

    AXL expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    1 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartment/Cell 
    Tissue Anatomical Compartment CellCategory (developmental path)
    LungTracheaBasal CellsLung
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization
    Stem Cell Differentiation: 1 LifeMap Cell 
    NameCategory
    Paraxial mesoderm-derived smooth muscle cells (Generation of human ...)

    See AXL Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for AXL

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.590970

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: UFO_HUMAN, P30530
    Tissue specificity: Highly expressed in metastatic colon tumors. Expressed in primary colon tumors. Weakly expressed in
    normal colon tissue

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    Orthologs
    for AXL gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

    Orthologs for AXL gene from 4/12 species (see all 12)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)    		 Mammalia Axl1 , 5 AXL receptor tyrosine kinase1, 5 85.57(n)1
    88.61(a)1    		   7 (14.02 cM)5
    263621  NM_001190974.11  NP_001177903.11 
     257572735 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia AXL6
    		 --
    		 60(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 LGf(3543428-3616786)
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii CABZ01088930.16
    CABZ01088927.16
    (see all 3)    		 --
    		 57(a)
    55(a)
    (see all 3)    		 many → 1
    many → 1
    (see all 3)    		 15(20172-27007)
    15(27341-34669)
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)    		 Secernentea T14E8.1b3   -- 34(a)
    (best of 3)    		   X(6588581-6594203)   --


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for AXL (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for AXL (if available) 

    Paralogs
    for AXL gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for AXL gene
    TIE12  MET2  RYK2  TEK2  TYRO32  MERTK2  MST1R2  
    18/20 SIMAP similar genes for AXL using alignment to 2 protein entries:     UFO_HUMAN (see all proteins) (see all similar genes):
    ufo    ABL1    TYRO3    EPHA2    FLT1    DKFZp434L0319
    MERTK    BTK kinase deficient isoform 6    FES    RYK    FGR    urf-ret
    SRC    BTK kinase deficient isoform 2    FGFR1    TIE1    FGFR2    FGFR3

    AXL for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for AXL gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/928 NCBI SNPs in AXL are shown (see all 928)     About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 19 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    rs1427061271,2
    		--41723175(+) GGGGC-/AGAGGT 2 -- us2k10--------
    rs1467017151,2
    		--41723274(+) ATGGCC/TGGGCA 2 -- us2k10--------
    rs1400585351,2
    		--41723335(+) ATCACA/GAGTTC 2 -- us2k10--------
    rs1814930321,2
    		--41723426(+) CACACC/TTGTAA 2 -- us2k10--------
    rs104246461,2
    		C,A,--41723512(+) agccaC/Ttgcac 2 -- us2k12Minor allele frequency- T:0.33WA CSA 3
    rs1458552291,2
    		--41723724(+) AAATGA/GGAGAA 2 -- us2k10--------
    rs1490197301,2
    		--41723740(+) TGACAG/TTAGAG 2 -- us2k10--------
    rs761509551,2
    		C,F,--41723783(+) GGAAGG/AGGCAG 2 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- A:0.06WA 118
    rs81010171,2
    		C,F,A,H,--41723887(+) TAGACG/TCCCAG 2 -- us2k124Minor allele frequency- T:0.32NS EA NA WA CSA 2698
    rs1869288731,2
    		--41723896(+) AGCCTC/TCTCCT 2 -- us2k10--------

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for AXL (41725108 - 41767671 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
    Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 1 variation for AXL
         1 CNV: 58878
    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): AXL

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    Disorders / Diseases
    for AXL gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    AXL for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 109135    OMIM disorders: --

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: UFO_HUMAN, P30530
  • Note=AXL and its ligand GAS6 are highly expressed in thyroid carcinoma tissues, and might thus be involved in
    • thyroid tumorigenesis. Overexpression of AXL and its ligand was also detected in many other cancers such as
    myeloproliferative disorders, prostatic carcinoma cells, or breast cancer

    20/63 diseases for AXL (see all 63):    About MalaCards
    critical limb ischemia    abdominal aortic aneurysm    aortic aneurysm    femoral neuropathy
    myeloproliferative disorder    leukemia/lymphoma    myeloid leukemia    systemic lupus erythematosus
    leukemia/lymphoma, t-cell    lupus erythematosus    pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma    diabetes mellitus
    amblyopia    chronic lymphocytic leukemia    ocular melanoma    acute myeloid leukemia
    glomerulonephritis    lymphocytic leukemia    kaposi's sarcoma    leukemia

    2 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for AXL:
    Cancer     Refractive error

    10/29 Novoseek disease relationships for AXL gene (see all 29)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    myeloid leukemia 49.9 7 8656672 (1), 9130617 (1), 1656220 (1), 15380678 (1) (see all 6)
    glomerulonephritis mesangial proliferative 45.7 1 11290560 (1)
    myeloid leukemia chronic 34.6 8 7521695 (2), 8235704 (1), 7848912 (1), 20145042 (1) (see all 5)
    thyroid carcinoma 25 17 10411118 (6), 9492013 (3), 12490074 (3)
    renal disease 24.1 3 14750094 (2), 12768229 (1)
    myeloproliferative disorders 17.9 3 7521695 (1)
    carcinoma papillary 17.1 1 12490074 (1)
    inflammation 16.6 3 9516131 (1), 16831897 (1), 15964779 (1), 17708828 (1)
    diabetic nephropathies 16.1 2 18374201 (1)
    metastasis 15.9 23 20145120 (2), 19633687 (2), 20080645 (2), 10411118 (2) (see all 10)

    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: AXL (6 documents)

    Export disorders for AXL gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for AXL gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for AXL gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 201):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with AXL)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. AXL, a transforming gene isolated from primary human myeloid leukemia cells, encodes a novel receptor tyrosine kinase. (PubMed id 1656220)1, 2, 3, 9 O'Bryan J.P.... Liu E.T. (1991)
    2. Effects of Gas6 and hydrogen peroxide in Axl ubiquitination and downregulation. (PubMed id 15958209)1, 2, 9 Valverde P. (2005)
    3. Expression of receptor-type tyrosine kinase, Axl, and its ligand, Gas6, in pediatric thyroid carcinomas around chernobyl. (PubMed id 12490074)1, 2, 9 Ito M....Yamashita S. (2002)
    4. Cytoplasmic ACK1 interaction with multiple receptor t yrosine kinases is mediated by Grb2: an analysis of ACK1 effects on Axl signali ng. (PubMed id 19815557)1, 2, 9 Pao-Chun L....Manser E. (2009)
    5. Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2-mediated endothelial cell activation by Axl tyrosine kinase receptor. (PubMed id 15507525)1, 2, 9 Gallicchio M....Bussolino F. (2005)
    6. Acidification prevents endothelial cell apoptosis by Axl activation. (PubMed id 12364394)1, 2, 9 D'Arcangelo D....Capogrossi M.C. (2002)
    7. Interaction of Axl receptor tyrosine kinase with C1-TEN, a novel C1 domain-containing protein with homology to tensin. (PubMed id 12470648)1, 2, 9 Hafizi S.... Dahlbaeck B. (2002)
    8. Structural basis for Gas6-Axl signalling. (PubMed id 16362042)1, 2, 9 Sasaki T.... Hohenester E. (2006)
    9. A novel putative tyrosine kinase receptor with oncogenic potential. (PubMed id 1834974)1, 2, 9 Janssen J.W.G.... Bartram C.R. (1991)
    10. Characterization of Gas6, a member of the superfamily of G domain- containing proteins, as a ligand for Rse and Axl. (PubMed id 8621659)1, 2, 9 Mark M.R.... Godowski P.J. (1996)

    External Searches for AXL gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
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      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing AXL gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 558 HGNC: 905 AceView: AXL Ensembl:ENSG00000167601 euGenes: HUgn558
    ECgene: AXL H-InvDB: AXL

    Other Databases showing AXL gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing AXL gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for AXL Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for AXL Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

    Intellectual Property
    for AXL gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for AXL gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving AXL

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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    About This Section

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