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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

ARHGEF2 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 62
GCID: GC01M155916

Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2

(Previous name: rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2 )
 Explore 21 diseases affiliated with
ARHGEF2 via
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Biological research products
for ARHGEF2    

Aliases
for ARHGEF2 gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Rho/Rac Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor (GEF) 21 2     Microtubule-Regulated Rho-GEF2 3
GEF-H11 2 3     Proliferating Cell Nucleolar Antigen P402 3
LFP401 2 3     GEFH12 5
KIAA06511 3 5     GEF2
P401 2     Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 22
Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor H12 3     Rho/Rac Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 22

External Ids:    HGNC: 6821   Entrez Gene: 91812   Ensembl: ENSG000001165847   OMIM: 6075605   UniProtKB: Q929743   

Export aliases for ARHGEF2 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC01M153779 GC01M151676 GC01M152694 GC01M153133 GC01M152729 GC01M154183 GC01M127277


Summaries
for ARHGEF2 gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for ARHGEF2:
Rho GTPases play a fundamental role in numerous cellular processes that are initiated by extracellular stimuli that
work through G protein coupled receptors. The encoded protein may form complex with G proteins and stimulate
rho-dependent signals. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been
identified.(provided by RefSeq, Jun 2009)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ARHG2_HUMAN, Q92974
Function: Activates Rho-GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP. May be involved in epithelial barrier
permeability, cell motility and polarization, dendritic spine morphology, antigen presentation, leukemic cell
differentiation, cell cycle regulation, and cancer. Binds Rac-GTPases, but does not seem to promote nucleotide
exchange activity toward Rac-GTPases, which was uniquely reported in PubMed:9857026. May stimulate instead the
cortical activity of Rac. Inactive toward CDC42, TC10, or Ras-GTPases. Forms an intracellular sensing system along
with NOD1 for the detection of microbial effectors during cell invasion by pathogens. Required for RHOA and RIP2
dependent NF-kappaB signaling pathways activation upon S.flexneri cell invasion. Involved not only in sensing
peptidoglycan (PGN)-derived muropeptides through NOD1 that is independent of its GEF activity, but also in the
activation of NF-kappaB by Shigella effector proteins (IpgB2 and OspB) which requires its GEF activity and the
activation of RhoA

Gene Wiki entry for ARHGEF2


Genomic Views
for ARHGEF2 gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000001.10  NC_018912.1  NT_004487.19  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the ARHGEF2 gene promoter:
         POU2F1   Sp1   p53   POU2F1a   FOXO1a   STAT5A   FOXO1   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 2): ARHGEF2 promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for ARHGEF2

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat ARHGEF2


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 1q21-q22   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  1q22   HGNC cytogenetic band: 1q21-q22

ARHGEF2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
ARHGEF2 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 1         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC01M155916:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 155,916,630 bp from pter      End:
 155,966,129 bp from pter
Size:
 49,500 bases      Orientation:
 minus strand

Proteins
for ARHGEF2 gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ARHG2_HUMAN, Q92974 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2  
Size: 986 amino acids; 111543 Da
Subunit: Interacts with 14-3-3 zeta; when phosphorylated at Ser-886. Interacts with the kinases PAK4, AURKA and MAPK1.
Interacts with RHOA and RAC1. Interacts with NOD1. Interacts (via the N-terminal zinc finger) with CAPN6 (via domain
II) (By similarity)
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm. Cell junction, tight junction. Golgi apparatus. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle. Cell
projection, ruffle membrane. Note=Localizes to the tips of cortical microtubules of the mitotic spindle during cell
division, and is further released upon microtubule depolymerization. Recruited into membrane ruffles induced by
S.flexneri at tight junctions of polarized epithelial cells
Sequence caution: Sequence=AAC97383.1; Type=Miscellaneous discrepancy; Note=Sequence differs at a large extent from the
sequence shown in the paper; Sequence=AAH20567.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended;
Sequence=BAA31626.3; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally shortened; Sequence=CAA33634.1;
Type=Frameshift; Positions=887, 984;
Secondary accessions: D3DVA6 O75142 Q15079 Q5VY92 Q8TDA3 Q8WUG4 Q9H023
Alternative splicing: 3 isoforms:  Q92974-1   Q92974-2   Q92974-3   

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for ARHGEF2: NX_Q92974

Post-translational modifications:

  • Phosphorylation of Ser-886 by PAK1 induces binding to protein 14-3-3 zeta, promoting its relocation to microtubules and
    • the inhibition of its activity. Phosphorylated by AURKA and CDK1 during mitosis, which negatively regulates its
    activity. Phosphorylation by MAPK1 or MAPK3 increases nucleotide exchange activity. Phosphorylation by PAK4 releases
    GEF-H1 from the microtubules1
  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q92974

    • ARHGEF2 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins (3 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_001155855.1  NP_001155856.1  NP_004714.2  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000315325   ENSP00000354837   ENSP00000357298   ENSP00000314787   ENSP00000357299  
    Reactome Protein details: Q92974
    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
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    Novus Biologicals ARHGEF2 Proteins
    Novus Biologicals ARHGEF2 Lysate
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    Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
    Uscn Proteins for ARHGEF2

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/9 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 9):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005622intracellular ----
    GO:0005794Golgi apparatus IEA--
    GO:0005819spindle IEA--
    GO:0005829cytosol TAS--
    GO:0005874microtubule IDA--


    ARHGEF2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    ARHGEF2 Antibody Products: 
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    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for ARHGEF2

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for ARHGEF2 gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    ARHGEF2 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    5 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR000219 DH-domain
     IPR001849 Pleckstrin_homology
     IPR002219 Prot_Kinase_C-like_PE/DAG-bd
     IPR011993 PH_like_dom
     IPR015721 RhoGEF-like

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q92974

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q92974

    2 Blocks protein families:
    IPB000219 DH domain
    IPB001849 Pleckstrin-like


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ARHG2_HUMAN, Q92974
    Domain: The DH (DBL-homology) domain interacts with and promotes loading of GTP on RhoA
    Domain: The PH (pleckstrin-homology) domain is involved in microtubule binding and targeting to tight junctions
    Similarity: Contains 1 DH (DBL-homology) domain
    Similarity: Contains 1 PH domain
    Similarity: Contains 1 phorbol-ester/DAG-type zinc finger


    Function
    for ARHGEF2 gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ARHG2_HUMAN, Q92974
    Function: Activates Rho-GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP. May be involved in epithelial barrier
    permeability, cell motility and polarization, dendritic spine morphology, antigen presentation, leukemic cell
    differentiation, cell cycle regulation, and cancer. Binds Rac-GTPases, but does not seem to promote nucleotide
    exchange activity toward Rac-GTPases, which was uniquely reported in PubMed:9857026. May stimulate instead the
    cortical activity of Rac. Inactive toward CDC42, TC10, or Ras-GTPases. Forms an intracellular sensing system along
    with NOD1 for the detection of microbial effectors during cell invasion by pathogens. Required for RHOA and RIP2
    dependent NF-kappaB signaling pathways activation upon S.flexneri cell invasion. Involved not only in sensing
    peptidoglycan (PGN)-derived muropeptides through NOD1 that is independent of its GEF activity, but also in the
    activation of NF-kappaB by Shigella effector proteins (IpgB2 and OspB) which requires its GEF activity and the
    activation of RhoA

    miRNA
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    8/30 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate ARHGEF2 (see all 30):
    hsa-miR-142-3p hsa-miR-3910 hsa-miR-3128 hsa-miR-607 hsa-miR-1263 hsa-miR-199b-3p hsa-miR-199a-3p hsa-miR-218-1*
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: ARHGEF2 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for ARHGEF2 (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: ARHGEF2
    OriGene siRNA: ARHGEF2
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat ARHGEF2

    Gene Editing
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    Clone
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    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for ARHGEF2 (see all 5)
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    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/10 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 10):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005089Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity IDA9857026
    GO:0005515protein binding IPI19043560
    GO:0005543phospholipid binding IEA--
    GO:0008017microtubule binding IDA9857026
    GO:0008134transcription factor binding ISS--


    ARHGEF2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    Animal Models:
         1 MGI phenotypic allele for Arhgef2 (no phenotypes)

    ARHGEF2 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    Pathways & Interactions
    for ARHGEF2 gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/25 super-pathways (see all 25) About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Cell death signalling via NRAGE, NRIF and NADE
    		Cell death signalling via NRAGE, NRIF and NADE1.00
    		G alpha (12/13) signalling events0.39
    		NRAGE signals death through JNK0.74
    		Rho GTPase cycle0.25
    		p75 NTR receptor-mediated signalling0.73
    		Signaling by Rho GTPases0.25
    2G-protein signaling_RhoA regulation pathway
    		G-protein signaling_RhoA regulation pathway1.00
    		G-protein signaling_RhoB regulation pathway0.16
    		G-protein signaling RhoA regulation pathway1.00
    		G-protein signaling RhoB regulation pathway0.16
    3GPCR Pathway
    		GPCR Pathway1.00
    		Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin10.58
    		Ras Pathway0.62
    		Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma0.55
    4G-AlphaQ Signaling
    		G-AlphaQ Signaling1.00
    		Thrombin Signaling0.40
    		G-AlphaI Signaling0.47
    5Signaling by GPCR
    		Signaling by GPCR1.00
    		Signal Transduction0.56
    		GPCR downstream signaling0.89

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    3 EMD Millipore Pathways for ARHGEF2
        G-protein signaling RhoB regulation pathway
    G-protein signaling RhoA regulation pathway
    G-protein signaling Regulation of RAC1 activity

    5/22 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for ARHGEF2 (see all 22)
        RhoA Pathway
    Guidance Cues and Growth Cone Motility
    Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
    Interferon Pathway
    G-AlphaI Signaling

    1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for ARHGEF2
        Cytoskeletal Signaling

    3 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for ARHGEF2
        G-protein signaling Regulation of RAC1 activity
    G-protein signaling RhoB regulation pathway
    G-protein signaling RhoA regulation pathway

    4 BioSystems Pathways for ARHGEF2 
        Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection
    Reelin signaling pathway
    Regulation of RhoA activity
    Regulation of RAC1 activity

    5/10        Reactome Pathways for ARHGEF2 (see all 10)
        GPCR downstream signaling
    Signaling by Rho GTPases
    G alpha (12/13) signalling events
    Cell death signalling via NRAGE, NRIF and NADE
    Signaling by GPCR


    1         Kegg Pathway  (Kegg details for ARHGEF2):
        Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection


    ARHGEF2 for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for ARHGEF2

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/822 Interacting proteins for ARHGEF2 (Q929742, 3 ENSP000003153254) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 822)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    PAK1Q131532, 3, ENSP000002785684MINT-7945693 I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000278568
    YWHAEP622582, 3, ENSP000002643354MINT-7947479 I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000264335
    YWHAZP631042, 3, ENSP000003095034MINT-3295597 MINT-8006660 I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000309503
    ARHGEF1Q928882, ENSP000003372614MINT-7945693 MINT-7947479 STRING: ENSP00000337261
    ROCK2O751162, ENSP000003179854MINT-7945693 MINT-7947479 STRING: ENSP00000317985
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/20 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 20):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000132establishment of mitotic spindle orientation IEA--
    GO:0000902cell morphogenesis IMP11912491
    GO:0006886intracellular protein transport NAS9857026
    GO:0006915apoptotic process TAS--
    GO:0007015actin filament organization IMP9857026


    ARHGEF2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for ARHGEF2 gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    ARHGEF2 for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
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    Browse Tocris compounds for ARHGEF2

    10/844 HMDB Compounds for ARHGEF2 (see all 844)    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    DG(14:0/14:0/0:0)DAG(14:0/14:0) (see all 9)----
    DG(14:0/14:1(9Z)/0:0)DAG(14:0/14:1) (see all 15)----
    DG(14:0/15:0/0:0)Diacylglycerol(29:0) (see all 9)----
    DG(14:0/16:0/0:0)DAG(30:0) (see all 9)----
    DG(14:0/16:1(9Z)/0:0)DG(30:1) (see all 15)----
    DG(14:0/18:0/0:0)DG(14:0/18:0) (see all 9)----
    DG(14:0/18:1(11Z)/0:0)Diacylglycerol (see all 15)----
    DG(14:0/18:1(9Z)/0:0)1-myristoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol (see all 15)----
    DG(14:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)/0:0)DAG(14:0/18:2n6) (see all 15)----
    DG(14:0/18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)/0:0)Diacylglycerol(14:0/18:3n6) (see all 16)----
    10/22 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for ARHGEF2 gene (see all 22)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    gdp 85.5 45 15850775 (3), 8049218 (2), 7988425 (2), 7581745 (2) (see all 29)
    gtp 80.3 44 8049218 (3), 19356586 (3), 10608844 (2), 7581745 (2) (see all 29)
    guanine 64.5 20 11747824 (1), 16143467 (1), 18470881 (1), 16248653 (1) (see all 17)
    guanosine 54.5 6 9671484 (1), 19000755 (1), 19103205 (1)
    tyrosine 52.9 21 10882715 (3), 10652228 (2), 9099726 (2), 10681520 (1) (see all 16)
    phosphoinositide 40.7 6 9671484 (1), 17007612 (1), 17698854 (1), 12525493 (1) (see all 6)
    phosphatidylinositol 29.8 2 17698854 (1), 20167601 (1)
    phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 28.7 2 10848997 (1), 12923183 (1)
    cyclic amp 22.5 3 19273589 (2)
    tech 20.9 2 15686487 (1), 15953360 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about ARHGEF2 / ARHG2 

    Transcripts
    for ARHGEF2 gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
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    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for ARHGEF2 gene (3 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_001162383.1  NM_001162384.1  NM_004723.3  

    Unigene Cluster for ARHGEF2:

    Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2
    Hs.743352  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: AB014551
    17 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000313695(uc001fmr.2) ENST00000361247(uc001fms.2 uc001fmt.2)
    ENST00000368315 ENST00000477754 ENST00000470541(uc001fmq.2) ENST00000313667
    ENST00000470975 ENST00000474428 ENST00000462460(uc010pgt.1) ENST00000470874
    ENST00000471589 ENST00000497907 ENST00000476273 ENST00000487755 ENST00000465079
    ENST00000495070 ENST00000368316(uc010pgu.1 uc001fmu.2)

    miRNA
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    8/30 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate ARHGEF2 (see all 30):
    hsa-miR-142-3p hsa-miR-3910 hsa-miR-3128 hsa-miR-607 hsa-miR-1263 hsa-miR-199b-3p hsa-miR-199a-3p hsa-miR-218-1*
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: ARHGEF2 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for ARHGEF2 (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: ARHGEF2
    OriGene siRNA: ARHGEF2
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat ARHGEF2
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    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AB014551.3 AF486838.1 AK127366.1 AK295924.1 AK304548.1 AL512715.1 AL832538.1 BC020567.1 
    BC027722.1 BT007407.1 X15610.1 

    14 DOTS entries:

    DT.316515  DT.100813340  DT.100813342  DT.206796  DT.100813343  DT.86853275  DT.91853980  DT.92045033 
    DT.433572  DT.95248249  DT.99991668  DT.95248260  DT.100659032  DT.91668651 

    24/293 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 293):

    AA806040 CO246749 BM545150 BT007407 NM_004723 BU170796 AI671402 AK127366 
    AA377474 BG060019 BF478197 BE501440 CA424226 AW299534 AA464578 AW300563 
    BU854925 BU540492 BG150054 AF486838 BC027722 AI261668 BQ707787 BF435639 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/7 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for ARHGEF2 (see all 7)    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1 ^ 2a · 2b ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5a · 5b ^ 6a · 6b ^ 7 ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10 ^ 11 ^ 12 ^ 13 ^ 14a · 14b ^ 15 ^ 16 ^ 17 ^ 18 ^ 19 ^ 20 ^ 21 ^ 22 ^
    SP1:                    -     -           -                                                           -                                                         
    SP2:                    -     -           -                                                           -                                                         
    SP3:                          -           -                                                           -                                                         
    SP4:                                                                                                                                                            
    SP5:                                                                                                                                                            

    ExUns: 23 ^ 24a · 24b ^ 25a · 25b
    SP1:              -               
    SP2:              -               
    SP3:              -               
    SP4:                              
    SP5:                              


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for ARHGEF2

    Expression
    for ARHGEF2 gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    ARHGEF2 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: ACCTGAAACC

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)
    About this image

    ARHGEF2 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    Stem Cell Differentiation: 1 LifeMap Cell 
    NameCategory
    Definitive endoderm-like cells (A scalable, suspensi...)
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization

    See ARHGEF2 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for ARHGEF2

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.743352
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Array including ARHGEF2: 
              Tight Junctions in human mouse rat

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    Assay Products:     
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    Orthologs
    for ARHGEF2 gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

    Orthologs for ARHGEF2 gene from 4/17 species (see all 17)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia ARHGEF26
    		 --
    		 71(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 AAWZ02038914(670-9267)
    African clawed frog
    (Xenopus laevis)    		 Amphibia AF159239.12   -- 75(n)    AF159239.1 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii arhgef21 rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2 62.18(n)
    61.92(a)    		   561276  XM_684678.5  XP_689770.5 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)    		 Insecta CG101886
    		 --
    		 14(a)
    		 1 → many
    		 2L(19502335-19508760)


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for ARHGEF2 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for ARHGEF2 (if available) 

    Paralogs
    for ARHGEF2 gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for ARHGEF2 gene
    ARHGEF32  ARHGEF112  NET12  ARHGEF12  ARHGEF122  ARHGEF182  AKAP132  ARHGEF282  
    4 SIMAP similar genes for ARHGEF2 using alignment to 3 protein entries:     ARHG2_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    AKAP13    ARHGEF18    ARHGEF28    ARHGEF1

    ARHGEF2 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for ARHGEF2 gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/455 NCBI SNPs in ARHGEF2 are shown (see all 455)     About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 1 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    rs1813240771,2
    		--155916244(+) TGAGCA/TGCTCC 3 -- ds50010--------
    rs1854572071,2
    		--155916256(+) GTGACA/GGGTAA 3 -- ds50010--------
    rs1491368601,2
    		--155916588(+) TGCCCG/TGCTCT 3 -- ds50010--------
    rs2009090001,2
    		--155916675(+) CTGAA-/TTTTTT 3 -- ut310--------
    rs120373991,2
    		C,H--155916900(+) CCCCCC/AGTTAC 3 -- ut316Minor allele frequency- A:0.00NS EA NA 602
    rs1432578351,2
    		--155917172(+) TTCCAC/TGAAGG 3 -- ut310--------
    rs412649951,2
    		C,--155917389(+) ACAAGG/CCCCTC 3 -- ut313Minor allele frequency- C:0.14NA 124
    rs50235141,2
    		C,H--155917412(+) CTTGGT/GTCCCA 3 -- ut31 ese36Minor allele frequency- G:0.00NS EA NA 422
    rs727082171,2
    		C,--155917592(+) CCAGGT/AATCCA 3 -- ut312Minor allele frequency- A:0.05CSA NA 121
    rs2009763951,2
    		--155917684(+) AGCCCA/CCTCAG 3 -- ut310--------

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for ARHGEF2 (155916630 - 155966129 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
    Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 1 variation for ARHGEF2
         1 CNV: 6789

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    Disorders / Diseases
    for ARHGEF2 gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    ARHGEF2 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 607560    OMIM disorders: --

    20/21 diseases for ARHGEF2 (see all 21):    About MalaCards
    amyotrophic lateral sclerosis    spastic paralysis    lateral sclerosis    motor neuron disease
    paralysis    cerebellar ataxia    spasticity    endometritis
    prostate cancer    breast cancer    conjunctivitis    ataxia
    gastric cancer    blindness    melanoma    prostatitis
    neuronitis    immunodeficiency    leukemia    adenocarcinoma

    10/12 Novoseek disease relationships for ARHGEF2 gene (see all 12)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    spastic paralysis 66.3 1 14668431 (1)
    motor neuron disease 46.7 1 14668431 (1)
    primary lateral sclerosis 39.7 1 14668431 (1)
    amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 31.2 1 14668431 (1)
    dysplasia 23.2 2 20045932 (1), 18363964 (1)
    shock 0 3 17113038 (1), 16875662 (1)
    breast cancer 0 1 18084281 (1)
    metastasis 0 3 18470881 (1), 20361982 (1), 9348295 (1)
    demyelination 0 1 17564972 (1)
    tumors 0 1 18470881 (1)

    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: ARHGEF2 (3 documents)

    Export disorders for ARHGEF2 gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for ARHGEF2 gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for ARHGEF2 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 348):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with ARHGEF2)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Cloning and characterization of GEF-H1, a microtubule-associated guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac and Rho GTPases. (PubMed id 9857026)1, 2, 3, 9 Ren Y.... Busch H. (1998)
    2. Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. X. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which can code for large proteins in vitro. (PubMed id 9734811)1, 2, 3 Ishikawa K.... Ohara O. (1998)
    3. PAK4 mediates morphological changes through the regulation of GEF-H1. (PubMed id 15827085)1, 2, 9 Callow M.G....Smeal T. (2005)
    4. GEF-H1 mediated control of NOD1 dependent NF-kappaB activation by Shigella effectors. (PubMed id 19043560)1, 2 Fukazawa A....Reinecker H.C. (2008)
    5. ERK1/2 phosphorylate GEF-H1 to enhance its guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward RhoA. (PubMed id 18211802)1, 2 Fujishiro S.H....Kohno M. (2008)
    6. GEF-H1 modulates localized RhoA activation during cytokinesis under the control of mitotic kinases. (PubMed id 17488622)1, 2 Birkenfeld J....Bokoch G.M. (2007)
    7. A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization. (PubMed id 16964243)1, 2 Beausoleil S.A.... Gygi S.P. (2006)
    8. p21-activated kinase 1 phosphorylates and regulates 14-3-3 binding to GEF-H1, a microtubule-localized Rho exchange factor. (PubMed id 14970201)1, 2 Zenke F.T....Bokoch G.M. (2004)
    9. Nucleotide exchange factor GEF-H1 mediates cross-talk between microtubules and the actin cytoskeleton. (PubMed id 11912491)1, 2 Krendel M.... Bokoch G.M. (2002)
    10. Isolation and characterization of complementary DNA to proliferating cell nucleolar antigen P40. (PubMed id 2466560)1, 2 Reddy A.B.... Busch H. (1989)

    External Searches for ARHGEF2 gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing ARHGEF2 gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 9181 HGNC: 682 AceView: ARHGEF2 Ensembl:ENSG00000116584 euGenes: HUgn9181
    ECgene: ARHGEF2 Kegg: 9181 H-InvDB: ARHGEF2

    Other Databases showing ARHGEF2 gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    HUGE: KIAA0651

    Specialized Databases showing ARHGEF2 gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for ARHGEF2 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for ARHGEF2 Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
    Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARHGEF2

    Intellectual Property
    for ARHGEF2 gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for ARHGEF2 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving ARHGEF2

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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