Home
GeneCards Guide
Suite
- MalaCards
- GeneALaCart
- GeneDecks
- GeneIP
- GeneLoc
Terms and Conditions
- Terms of Use
- 3rd Party Notice
About Us
User Feedback
Mirror sites

Set Analyses:

Generates a file of GeneCards annotations for your list of genes

Advanced Search

Search By

Section (entire)

for

All GeneCards Within gene subset (to enable gene prioritization):
or upload a file of gene symbols

Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

AREG Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 66
GCID: GC04P075300

amphiregulin

(Previous name: schwannoma-derived growth factor )
(Previous symbol: SDGF)

Explore 84 diseases affiliated with
AREG via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Amphiregulin¹
SDGF¹ ² ³
Schwannoma-Derived Growth Factor¹ ²
Colorectum Cell-Derived Growth Factor² ³
AR² ³
CRDGF² ³

External Ids:	HGNC: 651¹	Entrez Gene: 374²	Ensembl: ENSG00000109321⁷	OMIM: 104640⁵	UniProtKB: P15514³

Export aliases for AREG gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC04P075550 GC04P075711 GC04P075777 GC04P075675 GC04P071121

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for AREG:

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the epidermal growth factor family. It is an autocrine growth factor as

well as a mitogen for astrocytes, Schwann cells, and fibroblasts. It is related to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and

transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha). This protein interacts with the EGF/TGF-alpha receptor to promote the

growth of normal epithelial cells and inhibits the growth of certain aggressive carcinoma cell lines. This encoded

protein is associated with a psoriasis-like skin phenotype. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: AREG_HUMAN, P15514

Function: Ligand of the EGF receptor/EGFR. Autocrine growth factor as well as a mitogen for a broad range of target

cells including astrocytes, Schwann cells and fibroblasts

summary for AREG:

Androgen receptors (ARs) (also known as dihydrotestosterone receptors) are nuclear hormone receptors of the

NR3C class, which also includes mineralocorticoid, progesterone and glucocorticoid receptors. They are

expressed in bone marrow, mammary gland, prostate, testicular and muscle tissues where they exist as dimers

coupled to Hsp90 and HMGB proteins, which are shed upon ligand binding. Activated androgen receptors bind to

nuclear response elements of the genome, with an inverted palindromic 15 nucleotide sequence, to regulate

gene transcription. Androgen receptors also effect gene expression through interaction with transcription

factors including AP-1, NF-kappaB and STAT. Target genes of androgen receptors include insulin-like growth

factor 1 (IGF-1) and genes involved in the development of primary and secondary male sexual characteristics,

maintenance of sexual function and possibly have a causative role in aggressive behavior. Furthermore,

androgen receptors have recently been shown to have actions that are independent of DNA interactions.

Congential mutations in androgen receptors are associated with androgen insensitivity syndromes, virility

and spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy. Perturbations in androgen receptor expression is also a common

feature of prostate cancer. The human gene encoding the androgen receptor has been localized to Xq11-12.

Gene Wiki entry for AREG (Amphiregulin)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000004.11 NC_018915.1 NT_022778.16

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the AREG gene promoter:
AML1a AP-1 POU2F1a ATF-2 STAT3 c-Jun C/EBPalpha
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: AREG promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for AREG

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat AREG

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 4q13.3 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 4q13.3 HGNC cytogenetic band: 4q13.3

AREG Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
AREG gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 4 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC04P075300: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	75,310,851 bp from pter	End:	75,320,726 bp from pter
Size:	9,876 bases	Orientation:	plus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: AREG_HUMAN, P15514 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Amphiregulin precursor

Size: 252 amino acids; 27895 Da

Subunit: The immature precursor interacts with CNIH

Subcellular location: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein

Miscellaneous: AR is a protein containing cysteines in disulfide linkage(s) that are essential for its biological

activity. AR may contain oligosaccharides and/or lipid moieties that are not obligatory for the biological activity

1 PDB 3D structure from and Proteopedia for AREG:

2RNL (3D)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for AREG: NX_P15514

Post-translational modifications:

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P15514

AREG Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins: NP_001648.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000379097 ENSP00000421414 ENSP00000264487

Human Recombinant Protein Products for AREG:

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
	R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for AREG (Amphiregulin)
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: AREG OriGene Custom Protein Services for AREG
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for AREG
	Novus Biologicals AREG Proteins Novus Biologicals AREG Lysates
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	ProSpec Recombinant Protein for AREG
	Uscn Proteins for AREG

Gene Ontology (GO): 3 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005615	extracellular space	--	--
GO:0009986	cell surface	--	--
GO:0016021	integral to membrane	--	--

AREG for ontologies About GeneDecksing

AREG Antibody Products:

	EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of AREG
	R&D Systems Antibodies for AREG (Amphiregulin)
	Browse OriGene Antibodies OriGene Custom Antibody Services for AREG
	GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for AREG
	Novus Biologicals AREG Antibodies
	Abcam antibodies for AREG
	Uscn Antibodies for AREG
	ThermoFisher Antibodies for AREG

Assay Products for AREG:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	R&D Systems ELISAs for AREG (Amphiregulin) (see all)
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for AREG
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for AREG

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

AREG for domains About GeneDecksing

3 InterPro domains/families:

IPR015497 EGF_rcpt_ligand

IPR000742 EG-like_dom

IPR013032 EGF-like_CS

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P15514

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P15514

1 Blocks protein family: IPB006210 Type I EGF

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: AREG_HUMAN, P15514

Similarity: Belongs to the amphiregulin family

Similarity: Contains 1 EGF-like domain

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, inGenious Targeting Laboratory,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, Sirion Biotech, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Sirion Biotech, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, Sirion Biotech, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Molecular Function:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: AREG_HUMAN, P15514

Function: Ligand of the EGF receptor/EGFR. Autocrine growth factor as well as a mitogen for a broad range of target

cells including astrocytes, Schwann cells and fibroblasts

Induction: By phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)

Genatlas biochemistry entry for AREG:

amphiregulin,27.9kDa,bifunctional protein possessing an epithelial cell growth regulator (EGF family) and a

tumor-inhibitory activity

Gene Ontology (GO): 2 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005125	cytokine activity	--	--
GO:0008083	growth factor activity	--	--

AREG for ontologies About GeneDecksing

Phenotypes:
1 GenomeRNAi human phenotype for AREG:

Increased cell death in HCC-19

8 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 1 allele) (MGI details for Areg):

cardiovascular system	digestive/alimentary	endocrine/exocrine gland	growth/size	immune system
integument	reproductive system	vision/eye

AREG for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

Animal Models:
Mouse knock-out Areg^tm1Dle for AREG

inGenious Targeting Laboratory - Customizable classic, inducible, and humanized mouse model solutions for AREG

miRNA Products:		miRTarBase miRNAs that target AREG: hsa-mir-488 (MIRT003789)

		Browse 3'-UTR reporter clones for miRNA target validation Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat AREG
		7 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate AREG:
		hsa-miR-548t hsa-miR-34c-5p hsa-miR-34a hsa-miR-449b hsa-miR-561 hsa-miR-944 hsa-miR-449a
		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: AREG 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for AREG (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: AREG OriGene siRNA: AREG
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat AREG
		Sirion Biotech Custom design and validation of potent shRNA sequences against AREG

Gene Editing Products:			DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for AREG
			Sirion Biotech Customized adenovirus for overexpression of AREG Sirion Biotech Customized adenovirus for potent knockdown of AREG

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for AREG (see all 3) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for AREG OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: AREG (NM_001657)
		Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for AREG
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for AREG
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat AREG

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for AREG
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for AREG
		Sirion Biotech Customized stable knockdown cell line services for AREG Sirion Biotech Customized inducible knockdown cell line services for AREG Sirion Biotech Customized stable overexpressing cell line services for AREG Sirion Biotech Customized inducible overexpressing cell line services for AREG

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for AREG

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/18 super-pathways (see all 18) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

Apoptotic Pathways in Synovial Fibroblasts

8/14 pathways (see all 14)
Apoptotic Pathways in Synovial Fibroblasts	1.00	ERK5 Signaling	0.61
p53 Mediated Apoptosis	0.84	eIF2 Pathway	0.60
Mitochondrial Apoptosis	0.73	Rac1 Pathway	0.58
Telomerase Components in Cell Signaling	0.72	Nuclear Receptor Activation by Vitamin-A	0.57

GPCR Pathway

GPCR Pathway	1.00	Estrogen Pathway	0.55
Ras Pathway	0.62	Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma	0.55
Breast Cancer Regulation by Stathmin1	0.58	Paxillin Interactions	0.53
NFAT in Immune Response	0.58

Rho Family GTPases

Rho Family GTPases	1.00	MAPK Signaling	0.51
ERK Signaling	0.61	ILK Signaling	0.45
Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer	0.51

TGF-Beta Pathway

	TGF-Beta Pathway	1.00			JAK-STAT Pathway	0.57
	MAPK Family Pathway	0.60			JNK Pathway	0.50

Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency

	Nanog in Mammalian ESC Pluripotency	1.00			14-3-3 Induced Intracellular Signaling	0.59
	GSK3 Signaling	0.61			eNOS Signaling	0.48

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

2 EMD Millipore Pathways for AREG

	Development ERBB-family signaling
	Development EGFR signaling pathway

5/55 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for AREG (see all 55)

	Nuclear Receptor Activation by Vitamin-A
	Paxillin Interactions
	Telomerase Components in Cell Signaling
	Mitochondrial Apoptosis
	Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer

2 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for AREG

	Development ERBB-family signaling
	Development EGFR signaling pathway

3 BioSystems Pathways for AREG

	ErbB signaling pathway
	FSH signaling pathway
	ErbB receptor signaling network

1 PharmGKB Pathway for AREG

EGFR Inhibitor Pathway, Pharmacodynamics

1 Kegg Pathway (Kegg details for AREG):

ErbB signaling pathway

AREG for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for AREG

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see more details)

5/8 Interacting proteins for AREG (P15514^{2, 3} ENSP00000264487⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 8)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
S100A4	P26447²^,³	MINT-7256618 MINT-7256636 MINT-7256485 MINT-7256567 I2D: score=1
S100A2	P29034²^,³	MINT-7256654 I2D: score=1
S100A5	P33763²^,³	MINT-7256693 I2D: score=1
UBQLN4	Q9NRR5²^,³, ENSP00000357292⁴	MINT-2856981 I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000357292
CCND3	P30281³, ENSP00000362082⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000362082

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0007173	epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	--	--
GO:0007186	G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway	--	--
GO:0007267	cell-cell signaling	--	--
GO:0008283	cell proliferation	--	--
GO:0045740	positive regulation of DNA replication	--	--

AREG for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

AREG for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Compounds for AREG available from Tocris Bioscience About this table

Compound	Action	CAS #
Nilutamide	Androgen receptor antagonist. Orally active	[63612-50-0]
Bicalutamide	Non-steroidal androgen receptor antagonist	[90357-06-5]
Cl-4AS-1	Steroidal androgen receptor agonist	[188589-66-4]
Finasteride	Type II 5alpha-reductase inhibitor	[98319-26-7]
TFM-4AS-1	Selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM)	--

10/51 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for AREG gene (see all 51) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
ag 1478	75.1	8	16543407 (2), 16737974 (1), 14701705 (1), 15705969 (1)
gefitinib	72.8	40	19826406 (8), 18980991 (4), 19826407 (4), 16230376 (4) (see all 15)
pd153035	72.7	1	17533397 (1)
8-chloro-camp	63.3	1	9815703 (1)
cetuximab	61.1	11	17664471 (3), 18980991 (2), 19738126 (2), 19663767 (1) (see all 5)
tyrosine	59.3	49	7679104 (3), 8360173 (2), 9110152 (1), 10579352 (1) (see all 32)
heparin	51.8	74	12236483 (5), 8138579 (5), 1522124 (4), 11218236 (3) (see all 33)
sodium chlorate	49.8	2	9542658 (1), 8138579 (1)
erlotinib	43	2	18980991 (2)
phorbol-12-myristate	39.3	1	17595323 (1)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about AREG

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, Sirion Biotech, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for AREG gene:

NM_001657.2

Unigene Cluster for AREG:

Amphiregulin

Hs.270833 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: BC009799

4 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000395748 ENST00000502307 ENST00000511560 ENST00000264487

miRNA Products:		Browse 3'-UTR reporter clones for miRNA target validation Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat AREG
		7 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate AREG:
		hsa-miR-548t hsa-miR-34c-5p hsa-miR-34a hsa-miR-449b hsa-miR-561 hsa-miR-944 hsa-miR-449a
		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: AREG 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for AREG (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: AREG OriGene siRNA: AREG
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat AREG
		Sirion Biotech Custom design and validation of potent shRNA sequences against AREG

Clone Products:		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for AREG (see all 3) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for AREG OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: AREG (NM_001657)
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for AREG
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat AREG

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for AREG Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat AREG
		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat AREG
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat AREG

Additional cDNA sequence:

BC009799.1 BC146953.1 BC146967.1 BT019866.1 M30704.1

10 DOTS entries:

DT.209869 DT.121246074 DT.100826743 DT.100826741 DT.121235551 DT.92414460 DT.121235545 DT.121235549

DT.95267368 DT.97829472

24/90 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 90):

CB131869 BX282107 NM_001657 CR606995 CB127573 CA455033 BM764135 BM762744

BM839778 M30704 AI340146 CR617114 BC009799 BM839991 CB242548 AL546917

BF175199 CR608053 BM846005 BE122791 CB134173 AW028834 T29526 CB160040

GeneLoc Exon Structure

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

AREG expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: CTATAGCATA

About this image

AREG expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

4 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Intermediate Mesoderm

Intermediate Mesoderm Cells

Mesoderm

Ovary

Antral Follicle

Mural Granulosa Cells

Ovary

Liver

Respiratory Bronchioles

Basal Cells

Lung

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

See AREG Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for AREG

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.270833

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including AREG:

cAMP / Ca2+ Signaling PathwayFinder in human mouse rat

Common Cytokines in human mouse rat

Inflammatory Response & Autoimmunity 384HT in human mouse rat

Allergy & Asthma in human mouse rat

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for AREG Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat AREG
		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat AREG
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat AREG

In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for AREG

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for AREG gene from 3/10 species (see all 10) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	AREGB¹	amphiregulin B	58.72(n) 51.16(a)		428752 NM_001031537.1 NP_001026708.1
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	--	--	39(a)	1 → many	6(60333658-60337651)
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	CU856358.1⁶	--	22(a)	1 → many	5(6751965-6761733)

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for AREG (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for AREG (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for AREG gene

AREGB¹ ² HBEGF²

2 SIMAP similar genes for AREG using alignment to 3 protein entries: AREG_HUMAN (see all proteins):

AREGB EGF

AREG for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 4 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs10664922^1,2	C	--	71121433(+)	`TCATTAA/-GAGTT`	1	--	us2k¹		1		NA	2
rs34389731^1,2	C	--	71126642(+)	`TCTCT-/CTTTCTT`	1	--	int¹		1		NA	2
rs56293680^1,2	C	--	75309469(+)	`ATTATC/TATTAT`	1	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs28364976^1,2	F	--	75311770(+)	`AAAATATGAA CAC/-ATCTT`	1	--	int¹		1		NS	120
rs147226985^1,2	C,F	--	75312431(+)	`CGACTA/GTGACT`	2	Y C	mis¹		1		NA	3078
rs184582892^1,2		--	75312593(+)	`TTTCTA/GGTGGC`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs55838452^1,2	C	--	75313974(-)	`TATGCG/AATTTT`	1	--	int¹		1		NA	2
rs28743769^1,2	F	--	75315420(+)	`TGAGCC/TGTGAT`	1	--	int¹		1		NS	134
rs201209086^1,2	--	--	75312287(+)	`CACCTA/GCTCTG`	2	Y C	mis¹		1		EU	963
rs202011651^1,2	--	--	75320339(+)	`TCAAAC/TGATGT`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for AREG (75310851 - 75320726 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for AREG: --

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing AREG

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for AREG

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

AREG for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 104640    OMIM disorders: --

20/84 diseases for AREG (see all 84):    About MalaCards

spinal-bulbar muscular atrophy psoriasis carcinoma fibrous histiocytoma

androgen insensitivity syndrome malignant fibrous histiocytoma cystadenoma squamous cell carcinoma

ovarian cystadenoma inflammatory bowel disease severe combined immunodeficiency gastrointestinal stromal tumor

atrophic gastritis muscular atrophy malignant mesothelioma combined immunodeficiency

laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma histiocytoma oral squamous cell carcinoma cystadenocarcinoma

2 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for AREG:

Breast cancer Colorectal cancer

10/72 Novoseek disease relationships for AREG gene (see all 72) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
breast cancer	50	60	8101763 (3), 17670913 (3), 18437539 (3), 17942395 (3) (see all 33)
ovarian cystadenoma	49.6	2	7814196 (1)
nsclc	49.3	52	16230376 (4), 19826406 (4), 15033751 (3), 18980991 (2) (see all 14)
tumors	48.6	121	8407551 (4), 8621257 (3), 10597254 (3), 1596904 (3) (see all 59)
colon carcinoma	44.4	14	1639855 (2), 9260917 (2), 1591731 (2), 9466051 (2) (see all 7)
breast carcinoma	40.4	17	9935161 (2), 7749138 (2), 9285119 (2), 7579500 (2) (see all 9)
cancer	34.4	22	18023415 (2), 8033121 (1), 9563874 (1), 15474502 (1) (see all 15)
carcinoma	33.8	45	8523820 (4), 1306686 (3), 11523048 (3), 1953719 (3) (see all 19)
colon cancer	33.2	14	14742435 (3), 7558427 (1), 8523820 (1), 10024674 (1) (see all 9)
colorectal cancer	30	14	18413824 (6), 19738126 (2), 9563874 (1), 16685431 (1) (see all 6)

Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: AREG (4 documents)
Tumor Gene Database (TGDB): AREG

Export disorders for AREG gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for AREG gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 487):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with AREG)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Colorectum cell-derived growth factor (CRDGF) is homologous to amphiregulin, a member of the epidermal growth factor family. (PubMed id 1333777)^{1, 2, 9} Culouscou J.-M....Shoyab M. (1992)
A heparin sulfate-regulated human keratinocyte autocrine factor is similar or identical to amphiregulin. (PubMed id 2017164)^{1, 2, 9} Cook P.W.... Shipley G.D. (1991)
The amphiregulin gene encodes a novel epidermal growth factor-related protein with tumor-inhibitory activity. (PubMed id 2325643)^{1, 2, 9} Plowman G.D.... Shoyab M. (1990)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
Structure and function of human amphiregulin: a member of the epidermal growth factor family. (PubMed id 2466334)^{1, 2} Shoyab M.... Todaro G.J. (1989)
Amphiregulin: a bifunctional growth-modulating glycoprotein produced by the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-treated human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7. (PubMed id 3413110)^{1, 2} Shoyab M.... Todaro G.J. (1988)
Autocrine and juxtacrine effects of amphiregulin on the proliferative, invasive, and migratory properties of normal and neoplastic human mammary epithelial cells. (PubMed id 17035230)^{1, 9} Willmarth N.E. and Ethier S.P. (2006)
Human airway trypsin-like protease induces amphiregulin release through a mechanism involving protease-activated receptor-2-mediated ERK activation and TNF alpha-converting enzyme activity in airway epithelial cells. (PubMed id 16336275)^{1, 9} Chokki M....Kamimura T. (2005)
The epidermal growth factor-like growth factor amphiregulin is strongly induced by the adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate pathway in various cell types. (PubMed id 15284208)^{1, 9} Johansson C.C....Tasken K. (2004)
Amphiregulin production by human eosinophils. (PubMed id 19494503)^{1, 9} Matsumoto K....Saito H. (2009)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 374	HGNC: 651	AceView: AREG	Ensembl:ENSG00000109321	euGenes: HUgn374
ECgene: AREG	Kegg: 374	H-InvDB: AREG

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for AREG	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for AREG	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
NIEHS-SNPs	http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/areg/

Intellectual Property for AREG gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

About This Section

Patent Information for AREG gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving AREG

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0 and Sirion Biotech, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, and Sirion Biotech, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences, In Situ Hybridization Assays from
Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Animal models from inGenious Targeting Laboratory)
About This Section

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
	Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
	Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
	Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
	Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
	EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of AREG

	EMD Millipore Custom Antibody & Bulk Services
	EMD Millipore Preclinical / Clinical Development Services
	EMD Millipore Immunoassay Services
	EMD Millipore Target Screening & Profiling Services

	Antibodies for AREG (Amphiregulin)		Browse Cell Culture Products
	ELISAs for AREG (Amphiregulin)		Browse Flow Cytometry Kits
	Browse Primer Pairs		Browse Kinase Activity Assays/Reagents
	Browse ELISpot Kits/Development Modules		Browse TFB/Immunoprecipitation Assays
	Browse Apoptosis Detection Kits/Reagents		Browse Ubiquitin Proteasome Pathway (UPP) Assay Kits/Reagents
	Browse DNA Damage/Repair Kits/Reagents		Multiplex/Array Assay Kits/Reagents for AREG (Amphiregulin)
	Browse Cell Selection/Detection Kits/Reagents		Browse Secondary Antibodies/Controls/Staining Reagents
	Browse Phosphatase Activity Assays/Reagents		Recombinant/Natural Proteins for AREG (Amphiregulin)

	Browse OriGene Antibodies		OriGene shRNA RFP for AREG
	OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for AREG		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for AREG
	OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate for AREG		Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	OriGene siRNA for AREG		Browse 3'-UTR reporter clones for miRNA target validation
	OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for AREG		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for AREG
	Browse OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector		Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
	Browse OriGene basic RS shRNAs		Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
	Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells		OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
	OriGene Custom Antibody Services for AREG		OriGene Custom Protein Services for AREG
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development

	QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of in human, mouse, rat AREG
	QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing AREG
	QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat AREG
	QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat AREG
	QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat AREG
	QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat AREG

	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for AREG		GenScript cDNA clones with any tag delivered in your preferred vector for AREG
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for AREG		GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for AREG
	GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for AREG		CloneReady with Over 120,000 Genes
	Gene Synthesis: Any Gene in Any Vector		Vector-based siRNA and miRNA, Ready for Transfection
	Gene Mutant Library, Variants up to 10^11		Plasmid Preparation
	Custom Peptide Services

Search for Antibodies & Assays

	Regulatory tfbs in AREG promoter
	Search Chromatin IP Primers for AREG
	RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat AREG
	GNC Network for AREG
	SABiosciences PCR Arrays including human, mouse, rat AREG

Tocris compounds for AREG

	Browse Sino Biological Proteins and Antibodies
	cDNA Clones for AREG
	Antibodies/Proteins Production Services
	Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody Platform
	Bulk Purchasing

Search www.enzolifesciences.com for proteins, assays, substrates, inhibitors & antibodies

	Novus Tissue Slides
	AREG antibodies
	AREG proteins
	AREG lysates

	Antibodies for AREG
	See all of Abcam's Antibodies, Kits and Proteins for AREG
	Custom Antibody / Protein Production Service
	Bulk Purchasing
	Advantages of Rabbit Monoclonal antibodies
	Abcam protocols and scientific support

Recombinant Protein for AREG

AREG Proteins, Antibodies, CLIAs, and ELISAs

Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for AREG

	Gene Synthesis
	Protein Engineering
	Variant Library Synthesis
	Codon Optimization
	Protein Production and Purification

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for AREG

	SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids for AREG
	SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids for AREG

ThermoFisher Antibodies for AREG

Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat AREG

inGenious Targeting Laboratory - Customizable classic, inducible, and humanized mouse model solutions for AREG

Sirion Biotech Customized:

	stable knockdown cell line services for AREG
	inducible knockdown cell line services for AREG
	design and validation of potent shRNA sequences against AREG
	adenovirus for potent knockdown of AREG
	adenovirus for overexpression of AREG
	stable overexpressing cell line services for AREG
	inducible overexpressing cell line services for AREG

GeneCards Homepage - Last full update: 18 Mar 2013 - Incrementals: 21 Mar 2013 , 15 Apr 2013 , 26 Apr 2013 , 14 May 2013

View Random Gene

Category			VWF (GIFTS: 73) von Willebrand factor
GIFtS Group

The GeneCards human gene database gene index: 1 3 5 6 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

The GeneCards Human Gene Database

Developed at the Crown Human Genome Center, Department of Molecular Genetics, the Weizmann Institute of Science

Hot genes Disease genes AREG gene at Home site.

hostname: 356980-web2.xennexinc.com index build: 106 solr: 1.4

Advanced Search

Export list of displayed genes

AREG Gene

amphiregulin

Aliases
for AREG gene

Summaries
for AREG gene

Genomic Views
for AREG gene

Proteins
for AREG gene

Protein Domains /
Families
for AREG gene

Function
for AREG gene

Pathways & Interactions
for AREG gene

Drugs & Compounds
for AREG gene

Transcripts
for AREG gene

Expression
for AREG gene

Orthologs
for AREG gene

Paralogs
for AREG gene

Genomic Variants
for AREG gene

Disorders / Diseases
for AREG gene

Publications
for AREG gene

External Searches for AREG gene

Genome Databases showing AREG gene

Other Databases showing AREG gene

Specialized Databases showing AREG gene

Intellectual Property
for AREG gene

Products
for AREG gene

View Random Gene

aggressiveness
COLON CARCINOMA
Skin Diseases
Metaplasia
Breast Cancer
Neovascularization
primary tumor
NSCLC
Adenocarcinoma
Asthma
Neck Cancer
Cystadenocarcinoma
Cancer
Colorectal Carcinoma
GASTRITIS CHRONIC
mammary tumor
GASTRIC CARCINOMA
Ovarian Cancer
COLON ADENOCARCINOMA
Ulcer
Colorectal Cancer
Inflammation
HNSCC
Bladder Tumors
Psoriasis
Anemia
Cervical Cancer
MYELOMA
Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive
Rheumatoid Arthritis
prostate cancer
Tumors
Malignant mesothelioma
Metastasis
Ovarian Cystadenoma
prostatic adenocarcinoma
Carcinoma Ductal
Necrosis
Lymphoblastic Leukemia Acute
Glioblastoma
COLON TUMOR
Colitis
Gastric Cancer
Melanoma
BREAST CARCINOMA
Colon Cancer
bladder cancer
Hyperplasia
Glioma
Cystadenoma
Carcinoma
epithelial tumor
Leukemia
GASTROINTESTINAL TUMOR
HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
CERVICAL CARCINOMA
Pancreatic Cancer
Cancer Lung
Wilms tumor
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Adenoma
OVARIAN CARCINOMA
mesothelioma
Carcinoma Squamous Cell
Gastritis
Colorectal Tumors
BLADDER CARCINOMA
Schwannoma
Vascular Diseases
Glomerulonephritis
Endometrial Cancer
Papilloma

Advanced Search

Export list of displayed genes

AREG Gene

amphiregulin

Aliasesfor AREG gene

Summariesfor AREG gene

Genomic Viewsfor AREG gene

Proteinsfor AREG gene

Protein Domains /Familiesfor AREG gene

Functionfor AREG gene

Pathways & Interactionsfor AREG gene

Drugs & Compoundsfor AREG gene

Transcriptsfor AREG gene

Expression for AREG gene

Orthologsfor AREG gene

Paralogsfor AREG gene

Genomic Variantsfor AREG gene

Disorders / Diseasesfor AREG gene

Publicationsfor AREG gene

External Searches for AREG gene

Genome Databases showing AREG gene

Other Databases showing AREG gene

Specialized Databases showing AREG gene

Intellectual Propertyfor AREG gene

Productsfor AREG gene

View Random Gene

Aliases
for AREG gene

Summaries
for AREG gene

Genomic Views
for AREG gene

Proteins
for AREG gene

Protein Domains /
Families
for AREG gene

Function
for AREG gene

Pathways & Interactions
for AREG gene

Drugs & Compounds
for AREG gene

Transcripts
for AREG gene

Expression
for AREG gene

Orthologs
for AREG gene

Paralogs
for AREG gene

Genomic Variants
for AREG gene

Disorders / Diseases
for AREG gene

Publications
for AREG gene

Intellectual Property
for AREG gene

Products
for AREG gene