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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

ARAF Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 66
GCID: GC0XP047429

v-raf murine sarcoma 3611 viral oncogene homolog

(Previous name: v-raf murine sarcoma 3611 viral oncogene homolog 1 )
(Previous symbol: ARAF1)

Explore 22 diseases affiliated with
ARAF via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
V-Raf Murine Sarcoma 3611 Viral Oncogene Homolog¹ ²		A-RAF²
ARAF1¹ ² ³ ⁵		A-Raf Proto-Oncogene Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase²
PKS2² ³ ⁵		Oncogene ARAF1²
V-Raf Murine Sarcoma 3611 Viral Oncogene Homolog 1¹ ²		Ras-Binding Protein DA-Raf²
Proto-Oncogene A-Raf-1² ³		Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase A-Raf²
Proto-Oncogene Pks² ³		PKS³
EC 2.7.11.1³ ⁸		Proto-Oncogene A-Raf³
RAFA1² ⁵		EC 2.7.11⁸

External Ids:	HGNC: 646¹	Entrez Gene: 369²	Ensembl: ENSG00000078061⁷	OMIM: 311010⁵	UniProtKB: P10398³

Export aliases for ARAF gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC0XP047177 GC0XP047305 GC0XP045132

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for ARAF:

This proto-oncogene belongs to the RAF subfamily of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family, and maybe involved in cell

growth and development. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this

gene.(provided by RefSeq, Jan 2012)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ARAF_HUMAN, P10398

Function: Involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus

Function: Isoform 2: Serves as a positive regulator of myogenic differentiation by inducing cell cycle arrest, the

expression of myogenin and other muscle-specific proteins, and myotube formation

summary for ARAF:

Raf kinases, a family of three serine/threonine kinases, are part of the ras-MAPK signaling cascade and

phosphorylate MEK. Upon growth factor stimulation, Raf-1 (or c-Raf) is activated by GTP-bound Ras and

recruited to the cell membrane. This activation process is tightly regulated by a number of factors

including phosphatases (e.g. PP1, PP2A, PP5), kinases (e.g. Src, ERK, Akt, PKC) and proteins that bind

directly to Raf-1 (e.g. RKIP, 14-3-3zeta, KSR, Hsp90). Raf-1 is also thought to be able to dimerize with

wild type B-Raf in a Ras-dependent process. B-raf is commonly mutated and thereby activated in many human

cancers, the most frequent mutation being the V600E mutation of the kinase domain. Whilst wt b-Raf and Raf-1

are strongly activated by growth factor signals via Ras and Src, a-Raf is only modestly activated and has

low basal activity. All three isoforms of Raf are considered to be oncogenic.

Gene Wiki entry for ARAF

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000023.10 NC_018934.1 NT_079573.4

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the ARAF gene promoter:
Elk-1 C/EBPbeta AP-1 ATF-2 CREB deltaCREB Sox9 c-Jun NF-kappaB1
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: ARAF promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for ARAF

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat ARAF

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: Xp11.4-p11.2 Ensembl cytogenetic band: Xp11.23 HGNC cytogenetic band: Xp11.3-p11.23

ARAF Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
ARAF gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome X GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC0XP047429: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	47,420,516 bp from pter	End:	47,431,320 bp from pter
Size:	10,805 bases	Orientation:	plus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ARAF_HUMAN, P10398 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf

Size: 606 amino acids; 67585 Da

Cofactor: Binds 2 zinc ions per subunit (By similarity)

Subunit: Interacts with TH1L/NELFD

1 PDB 3D structure from and Proteopedia for ARAF:

1WXM (3D)

Secondary accessions: P07557 Q5H9B2 Q5H9B3

Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms: P10398-1 P10398-2 (Has a wider tissue distribution than isoform 1, and acts as dominant-negative antagonist)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for ARAF: NX_P10398

Post-translational modifications:

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P10398

4/16 DME Specific Peptides for ARAF (P10398) (see all 16)

NILLFMG

GSVLWMA

FHQHCSS

RKTFFSL

ARAF Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins (3 alternative transcripts):

NP_001243125.1 NP_001243126.1 NP_001645.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000366244 ENSP00000366238 ENSP00000290277

Human Recombinant Protein Products:

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
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	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	OriGene Purified Protein: ARAF Browse OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysates OriGene Custom Protein Services for ARAF
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	Novus Biologicals ARAF Proteins Novus Biologicals ARAF Lysate
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
	Uscn Proteins for ARAF

Gene Ontology (GO): 5 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005575	cellular_component	ND	--
GO:0005622	intracellular	--	--
GO:0005626	insoluble fraction	--	--
GO:0005739	mitochondrion	IEA	--
GO:0005829	cytosol	--	--

ARAF for ontologies About GeneDecksing

ARAF Antibody Products:

	Browse EMD Millipore's Extensive Line of Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies
	R&D Systems Antibodies for ARAF (A-Raf)
	Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Antibodies for ARAF (A-Raf)
	OriGene Antibodies: ARAF OriGene Custom Antibody Services for ARAF
	GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for ARAF
	Novus Biologicals ARAF Antibodies
	Search for Antibodies for ARAF at Abcam
	Uscn Antibodies for ARAF
	ThermoFisher Antibody for ARAF

Assay Products for ARAF:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for ARAF
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for ARAF

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

ARAF for domains About GeneDecksing

5/8 InterPro domains/families (see all 8):

IPR017441 Protein_kinase_ATP_BS

IPR001245 Ser-Thr/Tyr_kinase_cat_dom

IPR020454 DAG/PE-bd

IPR011009 Kinase-like_dom

IPR008271 Ser/Thr_kinase_AS

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P10398

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P10398

2 Blocks protein families:

IPB002219 Protein kinase C

IPB003116 Raf-like Ras-binding

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ARAF_HUMAN, P10398

Similarity: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. RAF subfamily

Similarity: Contains 1 phorbol-ester/DAG-type zinc finger

Similarity: Contains 1 protein kinase domain

Similarity: Contains 1 RBD (Ras-binding) domain

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ARAF_HUMAN, P10398

Function: Involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus

Function: Isoform 2: Serves as a positive regulator of myogenic differentiation by inducing cell cycle arrest, the

expression of myogenin and other muscle-specific proteins, and myotube formation

Catalytic activity: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 2.7.11.1¹ ² EC 2.7.11²

miRNA Products:		miRTarBase miRNAs that target ARAF: hsa-mir-124 (MIRT004929)

		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: ARAF Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat ARAF
		8/20 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate ARAF (see all 20):
		hsa-miR-218 hsa-miR-3190 hsa-miR-520a-5p hsa-miR-124 hsa-miR-342-5p hsa-miR-199b-5p hsa-miR-506 hsa-miR-28-5p

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: ARAF 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for ARAF (see all 6) OriGene siRNA: ARAF
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat ARAF

Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for ARAF

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for ARAF (see all 5) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for ARAF (see all 2) OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: ARAF (NM_001654)
		Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for ARAF
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat ARAF

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for ARAF
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for ARAF

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for ARAF

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/7 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 7): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004672	protein kinase activity	TAS	3029685
GO:0004674	protein serine/threonine kinase activity	NAS	--
GO:0005057	receptor signaling protein activity	IEA	--
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	--
GO:0005524	ATP binding	NAS	--

ARAF for ontologies About GeneDecksing

7 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for ARAF:

Decreased focal adhesion (FA)	Decreased substrate adherent c	G0/1 arrest	Increased G1 DNA content
Increased cell death HMECs cel	Increased viability with 4OH t	Synthetic lethal with Ras

Animal Models:
Mouse knock-out Araf^tm1Mmc for ARAF
7 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 1 allele) (MGI details for Araf):

behavior/neurological	digestive/alimentary	growth/size	hematopoietic system	immune system
mortality/aging	muscle

ARAF for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/28 super-pathways (see all 28) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

IL-9 Signaling Pathways

IL-9 Signaling Pathways	1.00	IL-2 Signaling Pathways	0.88
IL-21 Signaling Pathways	0.90	IL-15 Signaling Pathways	0.86
IL-7 Signaling Pathways	0.90	IL-4 Signaling Pathways	0.80
Common Cytokine Receptor Gamma-Chain Family Signaling Pathways	0.90	Adipocytokines & Insulin Signaling	0.33

Glioma

Glioma	1.00	Prostate cancer	0.39
Non-small cell lung cancer	0.53	Signaling Pathways in Glioblastoma	0.36
Melanoma	0.43

Endometrial cancer

	Endometrial cancer	1.00			Acute myeloid leukemia	0.39
	Colorectal cancer	0.42

G-protein signaling N-RAS regulation pathway

G-protein signaling N-RAS regulation pathway

1.00

G-protein signaling_N-RAS regulation pathway

0.83

G-protein signaling K-RAS regulation pathway

G-protein signaling K-RAS regulation pathway

1.00

G-protein signaling_K-RAS regulation pathway

0.96

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

3 EMD Millipore Pathways for ARAF

	G-protein signaling K-RAS regulation pathway
	G-protein signaling N-RAS regulation pathway
	G-protein signaling M-RAS regulation pathway

5/9 R&D Systems Pathways for ARAF (see all 9)

	IL-21 Signaling Pathways
	IL-2 Signaling Pathways
	IL-4 Signaling Pathways
	Adipocytokines & Insulin Signaling
	IL-7 Signaling Pathways

1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for ARAF

MAP Kinase Signaling

3 Tocris Bioscience Pathways for ARAF

	Insulin Pathway
	VEGF Pathway
	MAPK Pathway

3 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for ARAF

	G-protein signaling M-RAS regulation pathway
	G-protein signaling K-RAS regulation pathway
	G-protein signaling N-RAS regulation pathway

5/7 BioSystems Pathways for ARAF (see all 7)

	ErbB signaling pathway
	Integrated Breast Cancer Pathway
	Signaling Pathways in Glioblastoma
	Focal Adhesion
	EGFR1 Signaling Pathway

1 PharmGKB Pathway for ARAF

Vemurafenib Pathway, Pharmacodynamics

5/21 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for ARAF) (see all 21):

	ErbB signaling pathway
	Vascular smooth muscle contraction
	Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
	Long-term potentiation
	Long-term depression

ARAF for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for ARAF

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/82 Interacting proteins for ARAF (P10398^{1, 2, 3} ENSP00000366244⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 82)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
ASS1	P00966¹^,²^,³, ENSP00000253004⁴	EBI-365961,EBI-536842 MINT-19320 I2D: score=6 STRING: ENSP00000253004
COPS3	Q9UNS2¹^,²^,³, ENSP00000268717⁴	EBI-365961,EBI-350590 MINT-19322 I2D: score=6 STRING: ENSP00000268717
RABGGTB	P53611¹^,²^,³, ENSP00000317473⁴	EBI-365961,EBI-536715 MINT-19316 I2D: score=6 STRING: ENSP00000317473
NELFCD	Q8IXH7¹^,²^,³, ENSP00000342300⁴	EBI-365961,EBI-536725 MINT-19318 I2D: score=5 STRING: ENSP00000342300
PRPF6	O94906¹^,²^,³, ENSP00000266079⁴	EBI-365961,EBI-536755 MINT-19319 I2D: score=5 STRING: ENSP00000266079

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0006464	cellular protein modification process	TAS	3029685
GO:0006468	protein phosphorylation	NAS	--
GO:0033138	positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	IDA	19667065
GO:0035556	intracellular signal transduction	IEA	--
GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process	IDA	19667065

ARAF for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

ARAF for compounds About GeneDecksing

EMD Millipore small molecules for ARAF:
Small Molecule - inhibitor

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Compounds for ARAF available from Tocris Bioscience About this table

Compound	Action	CAS #
ZM 336372	Potent, selective c-Raf inhibitor	[208260-29-1]
GW 5074	Potent, selective c-Raf1 kinase inhibitor	[220904-83-6]
L-779,450	Potent Raf kinase inhibitor	[303727-31-3]

10/845 HMDB Compounds for ARAF (see all 845) About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
ADP	adenosindiphosphorsaeure (see all 8)	58-64-0	--
Adenosine triphosphate	5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) Adenosine (see all 24)	56-65-5	--
DG(14:0/14:0/0:0)	DAG(14:0/14:0) (see all 9)	--	--
DG(14:0/14:1(9Z)/0:0)	DAG(14:0/14:1) (see all 15)	--	--
DG(14:0/15:0/0:0)	Diacylglycerol(29:0) (see all 9)	--	--
DG(14:0/16:0/0:0)	DAG(30:0) (see all 9)	--	--
DG(14:0/16:1(9Z)/0:0)	DG(30:1) (see all 15)	--	--
DG(14:0/18:0/0:0)	DG(14:0/18:0) (see all 9)	--	--
DG(14:0/18:1(11Z)/0:0)	Diacylglycerol (see all 15)	--	--
DG(14:0/18:1(9Z)/0:0)	1-myristoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol (see all 15)	--	--

1 DrugBank Compound for ARAF About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
Adenosine triphosphate	5'-ATP (see all 8)	56-65-5	target	--	17139284 17016423

10/38 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for ARAF gene (see all 38) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
6-deoxyerythronolide b	91.8	17	15885088 (1), 17328673 (1), 8652546 (1), 11939803 (1) (see all 13)
pikromycin	90.1	10	10713461 (1), 17565713 (1), 18245260 (1), 18512859 (1) (see all 5)
10-deoxymethynolide	89.2	1	11223265 (1)
methymycin	86.6	1	17565713 (1)
mycolactone	85.6	8	18840298 (2), 17031885 (2), 15758215 (1), 19383681 (1)
narbonolide	84.1	1	11223265 (1)
n-acetylcysteamine	82.4	1	11439032 (1)
tetracenomycin	77.1	5	15260498 (4)
candicidin	75.5	6	12664141 (3), 11782498 (1)
vibriobactin	72.2	1	15366944 (1)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about ARAF

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for ARAF gene (3 alternative transcripts):

NM_001256196.1 NM_001256197.1 NM_001654.4

Unigene Cluster for ARAF:

V-raf murine sarcoma 3611 viral oncogene homolog

Hs.446641 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001256196

6 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000377045(uc011mln.2 uc011mlo.2 uc004dic.1 uc011mlp.2)

ENST00000377039 ENST00000489496 ENST00000469505 ENST00000470206 ENST00000290277

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: ARAF Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat ARAF
		8/20 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate ARAF (see all 20):
		hsa-miR-218 hsa-miR-3190 hsa-miR-520a-5p hsa-miR-124 hsa-miR-342-5p hsa-miR-199b-5p hsa-miR-506 hsa-miR-28-5p

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: ARAF 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for ARAF (see all 6) OriGene siRNA: ARAF
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat ARAF

Clone Products:		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for ARAF (see all 5) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for ARAF (see all 2) OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: ARAF (NM_001654)
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for ARAF
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat ARAF

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for ARAF Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat ARAF
		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat ARAF
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat ARAF

Additional cDNA sequence:

AB158254.1 AF052136.1 AK130043.1 AK297453.1 AK300975.1 AK307747.1 BC002466.2 BC007514.2

BT019864.1 M13829.1 X04790.1

23 DOTS entries:

DT.102836980 DT.100812399 DT.100658177 DT.100812408 DT.448494 DT.121285030 DT.121285068 DT.100812402

DT.100812404 DT.92058039 DT.121285038 DT.97862004 DT.100812395 DT.95108590 DT.95245717 DT.121285071

DT.100812400 DT.121285049 DT.121285078 DT.91640785 DT.91684943 DT.100835282 DT.99996839

24/323 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 323):

BE378713 AW674355 CD724043 BG392456 AI097075 CB215508 BQ068031 CB157114

BX345193 BQ929597 BC002466 CR605071 BE264900 AI422711 AK130043 BQ186143

X04790 BP346188 BM923943 BM921828 BQ186810 BX355442 AI760277 BQ961820

GeneLoc Exon Structure

5/9 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for ARAF (see all 9) About this scheme

ExUns:	1a	·	1b	·	1c	·	1d	^	2a	·	2b	^	3	^	4a	·	4b	^	5	^	6a	·	6b	^	7a	·	7b	·	7c	^	8a	·	8b	^	9a	·	9b	·	9c	·	9d	^	10	^	11	^	12	^	13	^	14	^
SP1:									-		-						-		-		-								-				-		-
SP2:																	-		-		-								-				-		-
SP3:									-		-						-		-		-								-				-
SP4:									-		-						-		-		-								-
SP5:									-		-						-				-

ExUns:	15	^	16	^	17	^	18
SP1:
SP2:
SP3:
SP4:
SP5:

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for ARAF

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

ARAF expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: TGGATTTTGG

About this image

ARAF expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

1 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartment/Cell

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Heart

Endocardium

Cushion Mesenchymal Cells

Endocardium

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

See ARAF Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for ARAF

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.446641

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ARAF_HUMAN, P10398

Tissue specificity: Predominantly in urogenital tissues

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including ARAF:

Insulin Signaling Pathway in human mouse rat

EGF / PDGF Signaling Pathway in human mouse rat

MAP Kinase (MAPK) Signaling Pathway in human mouse rat

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(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

Orthologs for ARAF gene from 6/23 species (see all 23) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	ARAF⁶	--	66(a)	1 ↔ 1	2(68109051-68130275)
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	araf¹	v-raf murine sarcoma 3611 viral oncogene homolog	65.62(n) 71.01(a)		403063 NM_205743.1 NP_991306.1
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	phl⁶	pole hole	33(a)	1 → many	X(2189917-2237903)
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)	Secernentea	lin-45⁶	Raf homolog serine/threonine-protein kinase	29(a)	1 → many	IV(6742527-6748413)
thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)	eudicotyledons	AT1G16270⁶ AT1G04700⁶ (see all 7)	PB1 domain-containing protein tyrosine kinase (see all 7)	8(a) 8(a) (see all 7)	many ↔ many many ↔ many (see all 7)	1(5563087-5568368) 1(1316254-1320919)
rice (Oryza sativa)	Liliopsida	-- -- (see all 5)	protein kinase domain containing protein, expresse... protein kinase domain containing protein, expresse... (see all 5)	8(a) 8(a) (see all 5)	many ↔ many many ↔ many (see all 5)	6(26398279-26404234) 2(33380337-33387027)

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for ARAF (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for ARAF (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for ARAF gene

MAP3K11² MAP3K12² KIAA1804² RAF1² KSR2² KSR1² MOS² BRAF²

MAP3K10² MAP3K9² MAP3K7² MAP3K7CL² TNNI3K² ZAK² MAP3K13² ILK²

4 SIMAP similar genes for ARAF using alignment to 3 protein entries: ARAF_HUMAN (see all proteins):

BRAF RAF1 CDK4 SRGAP3

ARAF for paralogs About GeneDecksing

3 Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for ARAF
PGOHUM00000232787 PGOHUM00000232806 PGOHUM00000233315

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr X pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs60358793^1,2	C,	--	45130812(+)	`GTGAAA/GATCCG`	3	--	us2k¹		3		WA CSA	5
rs199978354^1,2		--	47418850(+)	`GTTGA-/GGCCCC`	3	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs61665240^1,2	C,	--	47418851(+)	`TTGAGC/GCCCCC`	3	--	us2k¹		4		WA NA CSA	6
rs201003511^1,2		--	47418851(+)	`TGAGG-/CCCCCC`	3	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs73206125^1,2	C,	--	47419007(+)	`AATGAG/ATCCTC`	3	--	us2k¹		1		NA	1
rs183374829^1,2		--	47419301(+)	`GATCCA/GCCCGC`	3	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs187909030^1,2		--	47419606(+)	`AATTGC/TCTTTA`	3	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs191296408^1,2		--	47419607(+)	`ATTGCC/TTTTAT`	3	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs73494399^1,2	C,	--	47419633(+)	`AACTCG/ATATCT`	3	--	us2k¹		1		WA	2
rs182662916^1,2		--	47419645(+)	`TATGAA/CAAGCA`	3	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for ARAF (47420516 - 47431320 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for ARAF: --
Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB): ARAF

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing ARAF

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(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

ARAF for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 311010    OMIM disorders: --

20/22 diseases for ARAF (see all 22):    About MalaCards

sarcoma myeloid leukemia noonan syndrome chronic myeloid leukemia

acute myeloid leukemia renal cell carcinoma hepatitis c ovarian cancer

endometrial cancer leukemia tuberculosis pancreatic cancer

colorectal cancer lung cancer prostate cancer breast cancer

pancreatitis hepatitis prostatitis melanoma

4 Novoseek disease relationships for ARAF gene About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
cancer	2.69	2	20145135 (2)
aids	0	1	11251290 (1)
ovarian cancer	0	2	16332724 (2)
tuberculosis	0	1	15042094 (1)

Export disorders for ARAF gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for ARAF gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 190):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with ARAF)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

The complete sequence and promoter activity of the human A-raf-1 gene (ARAF1). (PubMed id 8020955)^{1, 2, 9} Lee J.-E.... Rapp U.R. (1994)
Identification of TH1 as an interaction partner of A-Raf kinase. (PubMed id 11952167)^{1, 2, 9} Yin X.L.... Gu J.X. (2002)
DA-Raf1, a competent intrinsic dominant-negative antagonist of the Ras-ERK pathway, is required for myogenic differentiation. (PubMed id 17535970)^{1, 2} Yokoyama T.... Endo T. (2007)
A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization. (PubMed id 16964243)^{1, 2} Beausoleil S.A.... Gygi S.P. (2006)
Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. (PubMed id 17081983)^{1, 2} Olsen J.V....Mann M. (2006)
The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome. (PubMed id 15772651)^{1, 2} Ross M.T.... Bentley D.R. (2005)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
The complete coding sequence of the human A-raf-1 oncogene and transforming activity of a human A-raf carrying retrovirus. (PubMed id 3029685)^{1, 2} Beck T.W.... Rapp U.R. (1987)
Pks, a raf-related sequence in humans. (PubMed id 3529082)^{1, 2} Mark G.E.... Mountz J.D. (1986)
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H blocks MST2 -mediated apoptosis in cancer cells by regulating A-Raf transcription. (PubMed id 20145135)^{1, 9} Rauch J....Gires O. (2010)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 369	HGNC: 646	AceView: ARAF1	Ensembl:ENSG00000078061	euGenes: HUgn369
ECgene: ARAF	Kegg: 369	H-InvDB: ARAF

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for ARAF	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for ARAF	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

Intellectual Property for ARAF gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

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Patent Information for ARAF gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving ARAF

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

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v-raf murine sarcoma 3611 viral oncogene homolog

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ARAF Gene

v-raf murine sarcoma 3611 viral oncogene homolog

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