Aliases for APOBEC3G Gene
Aliases for APOBEC3G Gene
- Apolipoprotein B MRNA Editing Enzyme Catalytic Subunit 3G 2 3 5
- Apolipoprotein B MRNA Editing Enzyme, Catalytic Polypeptide-Like 3G 2 3
- DNA DC->DU-Editing Enzyme APOBEC-3G 2 3
- APOBEC-Related Cytidine Deaminase 3 4
- APOBEC-Related Protein 9 3 4
- Deoxycytidine Deaminase 3 4
- CEM-15 3 4
- ARP-9 3 4
- CEM15 3 4
- ARCD 3 4
- A3G 3 4
- Apolipoprotein B Editing Enzyme Catalytic Polypeptide-Like 3G 3
- Apolipoprotein B MRNA-Editing Enzyme Catalytic Polypeptide 3G 3
External Ids for APOBEC3G Gene
- HGNC: 17357
- Entrez Gene: 60489
- Ensembl: ENSG00000239713
- OMIM: 607113
- UniProtKB: Q9HC16
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for APOBEC3G Gene
- GC22P035994
- GC22P036087
- GC22P037716
- GC22P037680
- GC22P037762
- GC22P039437
- GC22P022442
- GC22P039041
Summaries for APOBEC3G Gene
-
This gene is a member of the cytidine deaminase gene family. It is one of seven related genes or pseudogenes found in a cluster, thought to result from gene duplication, on chromosome 22. Members of the cluster encode proteins that are structurally and functionally related to the C to U RNA-editing cytidine deaminase APOBEC1. The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes site-specific deamination of both RNA and single-stranded DNA. The encoded protein has been found to be a specific inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infectivity. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017]
GeneCards Summary for APOBEC3G Gene
APOBEC3G (Apolipoprotein B MRNA Editing Enzyme Catalytic Subunit 3G) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with APOBEC3G include Hepatitis B and Hiv-1. Among its related pathways are HIV Life Cycle and Integrated Breast Cancer Pathway. GO annotations related to this gene include protein homodimerization activity and hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in cyclic amidines. An important paralog of this gene is APOBEC3B.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for APOBEC3G Gene
-
DNA deaminase (cytidine deaminase) which acts as an inhibitor of retrovirus replication and retrotransposon mobility via deaminase-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Exhibits potent antiviral activity against vif-deficient HIV-1. After the penetration of retroviral nucleocapsids into target cells of infection and the initiation of reverse transcription, it can induce the conversion of cytosine to uracil in the minus-sense single-strand viral DNA, leading to G-to-A hypermutations in the subsequent plus-strand viral DNA. The resultant detrimental levels of mutations in the proviral genome, along with a deamination-independent mechanism that works prior to the proviral integration, together exert efficient antiretroviral effects in infected target cells. Selectively targets single-stranded DNA and does not deaminate double-stranded DNA or single-or double-stranded RNA. Exhibits antiviral activity also against simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs), hepatitis B virus (HBV), equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), xenotropic MuLV-related virus (XMRV) and simian foamy virus (SFV). May inhibit the mobility of LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons.
No data available for CIViC summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for APOBEC3G Gene
Genomics for APOBEC3G Gene
Regulatory Elements for APOBEC3G Gene
- Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the APOBEC3G gene promoter:
Regulatory Element Products
Genomic Location for APOBEC3G Gene
- Chromosome:
- 22
- Start:
- 39,077,005 bp from pter
- End:
- 39,087,743 bp from pter
- Size:
- 10,739 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
Genomic View for APOBEC3G Gene
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 22q13.1 by Ensembl
- 22q13.1 by Entrez Gene
- 22q13.1 by HGNC
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for APOBEC3G Gene
Proteins for APOBEC3G Gene
-
Protein details for APOBEC3G Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- Q9HC16-ABC3G_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3G
- Protein Accession:
- Q9HC16
- B2RDR9
- Q45F02
- Q5TF77
- Q7Z2N1
- Q7Z2N4
- Q9H9H8
Protein attributes for APOBEC3G Gene
- Size:
- 384 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 46408 Da
- Cofactor:
- Name=Zn(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29105;
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Homodimer. Homooligomer. Can bind RNA to form ribonucleoprotein complexes of high-molecular-mass (HMM) or low-molecular-mass (LMM). HMM is inactive and heterogeneous in protein composition because of binding nonselectively to cellular RNAs, which in turn are associated with variety of cellular proteins. The LMM form which is enzymatically active has few or no RNAs associated. Its ability to form homooligomer is distinct from its ability to assemble into HMM. Interacts with APOBEC3B, APOBEC3F, MOV10, AGO2, EIF4E, EIF4ENIF1, DCP2 and DDX6 in an RNA-dependent manner. Interacts with AGO1, AGO3 and PKA/PRKACA. Interacts with HIV-1 VIF and reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H. Interacts with hepatitis B virus capsid protein.
- Miscellaneous:
-
- Accumulation of APOBEC3G induced non-lethal hypermutation could contribute to the genetic variation of primate lentiviral populations.
- It is one of seven related genes or pseudogenes found in a cluster, thought to result from gene duplication, on chromosome 22.
- SequenceCaution:
-
- Sequence=CAB45274.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
Three dimensional structures from OCA and Proteopedia for APOBEC3G Gene
Protein Expression for APOBEC3G Gene
Selected DME Specific Peptides for APOBEC3G Gene
- Q9HC16:
-
- LGEILRHSMDP
- FTSWSPC
- SWSPCTKCTR
- HETYLCY
- DPKVTLTIFVARLYYFW
- SWSPCFSCA
- GRHAELC
- PFQPWDGL
- DYQEALRSLCQKRDGPRATMKIMNYDEFQHCWSKFVYSQRE
- HPEMRFFHWFSKWRKLHRDQE
- WVRGRHETYLCYEVER
- WLCYEVK
Post-translational modifications for APOBEC3G Gene
- Phosphorylation at Thr-32 reduces its binding to HIV-1 VIF and subsequent ubiquitination and degradation thus promoting its antiviral activity.
- Ubiquitinated in the presence of HIV-1 VIF. Association with VIF targets the protein for proteolysis by the ubiquitin-dependent proteasome pathway.
- Ubiquitination at posLast=6363
- Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
Other Protein References for APOBEC3G Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
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Domains & Families for APOBEC3G Gene
Gene Families for APOBEC3G Gene
Protein Domains for APOBEC3G Gene
- InterPro:
- Blocks:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for APOBEC3G Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
Q9HC16UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:
ABC3G_HUMAN :- The CMP/dCMP deaminase domain 1 mediates RNA binding, RNA-dependent oligomerization and virion incorporation whereas the CMP/dCMP deaminase domain 2 confers deoxycytidine deaminase activity and substrate sequence specificity.
- Belongs to the cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family.
- Domain:
-
- The CMP/dCMP deaminase domain 1 mediates RNA binding, RNA-dependent oligomerization and virion incorporation whereas the CMP/dCMP deaminase domain 2 confers deoxycytidine deaminase activity and substrate sequence specificity.
- Family:
-
- Belongs to the cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family.
Function for APOBEC3G Gene
Molecular function for APOBEC3G Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
- Deoxycytidine + H(2)O = deoxyuridine + NH(3).
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot EnzymeRegulation:
- Assembly into ribonucleoprotein complexes of high-molecular-mass (HMM) inhibits its enzymatic activity. Antiviral activity is neutralized by the HIV-1 virion infectivity factor (VIF), that prevents its incorporation into progeny HIV-1 virions by both inhibiting its translation and/or by inducing its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation by the 26S proteasome. Can also be neutralized by simian immunodeficiency virus sooty mangabey monkey virus (SIV-sm) and chimpanzee immunodeficiency virus (SIV-cpz) VIF.
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- DNA deaminase (cytidine deaminase) which acts as an inhibitor of retrovirus replication and retrotransposon mobility via deaminase-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Exhibits potent antiviral activity against vif-deficient HIV-1. After the penetration of retroviral nucleocapsids into target cells of infection and the initiation of reverse transcription, it can induce the conversion of cytosine to uracil in the minus-sense single-strand viral DNA, leading to G-to-A hypermutations in the subsequent plus-strand viral DNA. The resultant detrimental levels of mutations in the proviral genome, along with a deamination-independent mechanism that works prior to the proviral integration, together exert efficient antiretroviral effects in infected target cells. Selectively targets single-stranded DNA and does not deaminate double-stranded DNA or single-or double-stranded RNA. Exhibits antiviral activity also against simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs), hepatitis B virus (HBV), equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), xenotropic MuLV-related virus (XMRV) and simian foamy virus (SFV). May inhibit the mobility of LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons.
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Induction:
- Up-regulated by IFN-alpha.
Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) for APOBEC3G Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0003723 | RNA binding | IDA | 11863358 |
| GO:0003824 | catalytic activity | IEA | -- |
| GO:0004126 | cytidine deaminase activity | TAS | 17121840 |
| GO:0005515 | protein binding | IPI | 16699599 |
| GO:0008270 | zinc ion binding | IDA | 11863358 |
Phenotypes for APOBEC3G Gene
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for APOBEC3G:
-
- Increased viability
- Increased vaccinia virus (VACV) infection
- Decreased viability
- shRNA abundance <= 50%
- Decreased viability in esophageal squamous lineage
- Decreased viability ratio
- Dynamic nuclei (hole, folded or small irregular)
- Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)
- Increased cell death in breast cancer cell lines (MCF10A, MDA-MB-435)
- Decreased shRNA abundance (Z-score < -2)
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- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
Cell Line Products
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Flow Cytometry Products
No data available for Human Phenotype Ontology , Animal Models , miRNA , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for APOBEC3G Gene
Localization for APOBEC3G Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for APOBEC3G Gene
- Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cytoplasm, P-body. Note=Mainly cytoplasmic. Small amount are found in the nucleus. During HIV-1 infection, virion-encapsidated in absence of HIV-1 VIF.
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000932 | P-body | IDA | 16699599 |
| GO:0005634 | nucleus | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | IDA,IEA | 16527742 |
| GO:0005829 | cytosol | TAS | -- |
| GO:0030529 | intracellular ribonucleoprotein complex | IDA | 16699599 |
Pathways & Interactions for APOBEC3G Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | HIV Life Cycle |
.65
|
.45
|
| 2 | CDK-mediated phosphorylation and removal of Cdc6 | ||
| 3 | Dual hijack model of Vif in HIV infection | ||
| 4 | Integrated Breast Cancer Pathway | ||
Pathways by source for APOBEC3G Gene
2 BioSystems pathways for APOBEC3G Gene
6 Reactome pathways for APOBEC3G Gene
Interacting Proteins for APOBEC3G Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0002230 | positive regulation of defense response to virus by host | IDA | 17121840 |
| GO:0002376 | immune system process | IEA | -- |
| GO:0009972 | cytidine deamination | IDA | 16378963 |
| GO:0010529 | negative regulation of transposition | IDA | 16527742 |
| GO:0016032 | viral process | IEA | -- |
Drugs & Compounds for APOBEC3G Gene
| Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammonia |
|
7664-41-7 |
|
Transcripts for APOBEC3G Gene
mRNA/cDNA for APOBEC3G Gene
- (7) REFSEQ mRNAs :
- (8) Additional mRNA sequences :
- (139) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
- (7) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :
Unigene Clusters for APOBEC3G Gene
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-
VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
Flow Cytometry Products
Expression for APOBEC3G Gene
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for APOBEC3G Gene
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, PaxDb, MaxQB, and MOPED for APOBEC3G Gene
NURSA nuclear receptor signaling pathways regulating expression of APOBEC3G Gene:
APOBEC3GSOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for APOBEC3G Gene:
Hs.660143mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for APOBEC3G Gene:
Q9HC16-ABC3G_HUMANEvidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for APOBEC3G Gene
- Kidney(4.3)
- Skin(4)
- Blood(2.7)
- Lymph node(2.5)
- Spleen(2.3)
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for APOBEC3G
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for APOBEC3G
No data available for mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for APOBEC3G Gene
Orthologs for APOBEC3G Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of mammals.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | APOBEC3G 34 35 |
|
||
| cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | APOBEC3A 35 |
|
OneToMany | |
| dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | -- 35 |
|
ManyToMany | |
| -- 35 |
|
ManyToMany |
- Species where no ortholog for APOBEC3G was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- chicken (Gallus gallus)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
- green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- lizard (Anolis carolinensis)
- loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
- malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- mouse (Mus musculus)
- oppossum (Monodelphis domestica)
- orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- pig (Sus scrofa)
- platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
- rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- rat (Rattus norvegicus)
- rice (Oryza sativa)
- rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- sea squirt (Ciona intestinalis)
- sea squirt (Ciona savignyi)
- sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- soybean (Glycine max)
- stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis)
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
- zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Paralogs for APOBEC3G Gene
Paralogs for APOBEC3G Gene
(11) SIMAP similar genes for APOBEC3G Gene using alignment to 4 proteins:
Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for APOBEC3G Gene
Variants for APOBEC3G Gene
| SNP ID | Clin | Chr 22 pos | Sequence Context | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs1000243581 | -- | 39,076,889(+) | GGGCC(A/G)TCTCT | upstream-variant-2KB | |
| rs1000300520 | -- | 39,087,386(+) | TCCAT(G/T)CAACC | intron-variant, reference, missense | |
| rs1001118858 | -- | 39,083,496(+) | AAGGC(C/T)TAGAC | intron-variant | |
| rs1001583704 | -- | 39,082,565(+) | GTTGC(A/G)GTGAG | intron-variant | |
| rs1001807433 | -- | 39,087,683(+) | ATCCA(G/T)CGACA | utr-variant-3-prime |
Relevant External Links for APOBEC3G Gene
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for APOBEC3G Gene
Disorders for APOBEC3G Gene
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| hepatitis b |
|
|
| hiv-1 |
|
|
| brain stem infarction |
|
|
| basilar artery occlusion |
|
|
| human immunodeficiency virus infectious disease |
|
Relevant External Links for APOBEC3G
No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for APOBEC3G Gene
Publications for APOBEC3G Gene
- APOBEC3G expression is dysregulated in primary HIV-1 infection and polymorphic variants influence CD4+ T-cell counts and plasma viral load. (PMID: 19996938) Reddy K. … Ndung'u T. (AIDS 2010) 3 22 46 64
- Structure, interaction and real-time monitoring of the enzymatic reaction of wild-type APOBEC3G. (PMID: 19153609) Furukawa A. … Katahira M. (EMBO J. 2009) 3 4 22 64
- Structure of the DNA deaminase domain of the HIV-1 restriction factor APOBEC3G. (PMID: 18288108) Chen K.M. … Matsuo H. (Nature 2008) 3 4 22 64
- Crystal structure of the anti-viral APOBEC3G catalytic domain and functional implications. (PMID: 18849968) Holden L.G. … Chen X.S. (Nature 2008) 3 4 22 64
- Phosphorylation of APOBEC3G by protein kinase A regulates its interaction with HIV-1 Vif. (PMID: 18836454) Shirakawa K. … Uchiyama T. (Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 2008) 3 4 22 64
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- VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
Sources for APOBEC3G Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) EntrezGene
- (4) Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) GO
- (12) TrEMBL
- (13) InterPro
- (14) ProtoNet
- (15) Blocks
- (16) MGI
- (17) IUBMB
- (18) KEGG
- (19) MINT
- (20) STRING
- (21) IntAct
- (22) Novoseek
- (23) PharmGKB
- (24) DrugBank
- (25) HMDB
- (26) UniGene
- (27) AceView
- (28) RNAdb
- (29) ASD
- (30) ECgene
- (31) GeneAnnot
- (32) CGAP SAGE
- (33) SOURCE
- (34) HomoloGene
- (35) PanEnsembl
- (36) euGenes
- (37) SGD
- (38) FlyBase
- (39) WormBase
- (40) Pseudogene
- (41) DGV
- (42) dbSNP
- (43) GenAtlas
- (44) GeneTests
- (45) HGMD
- (46) GAD
- (47) LSDB
- (48) BGMUT
- (49) HuGE
- (50) eBioscience
- (51) Atlas
- (52) Cell Signaling Technology
- (53) GenBank
- (54) H-invDB
- (55) HORDE
- (56) HUGE
- (57) IMGT
- (58) Leiden
- (59) MILLIPORE
- (60) miRBase
- (61) DME
- (62) NCBI
- (63) OriGene
- (64) PubMed
- (65) R&D Systems
- (66) TGDB
- (67) Tocris
- (68) Abcam
- (69) Novus
- (70) ProSpec
- (71) Sino Biological
- (72) GenScript
- (73) Qiagen
- (74) Cloud-Clone Corp.
- (75) Enzo Life Sciences
- (76) OCA
- (77) Proteopedia
- (78) MOPED
- (79) SPIRE
- (80) neXtProt
- (81) Reactome
- (82) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (83) fRNAdb
- (84) DISEASES
- (85) SIMAP
- (86) GenomeRNAi
- (87) LifeMap
- (88) miRTarBase
- (89) MalaCards
- (90) Invitrogen
- (91) BitterDB
- (92) Vector BioLabs
- (93) ESI-BIO
- (94) RefSeq
- (95) BioSystems
- (96) MaxQB
- (97) IUPHAR
- (98) BioGPS
- (99) Illumina
- (100) COMPARTMENTS
- (101) HOMER
- (102) PaxDb
- (103) ApexBio
- (104) Addgene
- (105) antibodies-online
- (106) CYP
- (107) NONCODE
- (108) SwitchGear Genomics
- (109) TreeFam
- (110) PathCards
- (111) GeneReviews
- (112) GeneTex
- (113) Taconic Biosciences
- (114) GTEx
- (115) ProteomicsDB
- (116) SCBT
- (117) DGIdb
- (118) ClinicalTrials
- (119) FDA Approved Drugs
- (120) RVIS
- (121) SIGNOR
- (122) diseasecard
- (123) NIH Rare Diseases
- (124) Orphanet
- (125) UMLS
- (126) GTR
- (127) Disease Ontology
- (128) Genetics Home Reference
- (129) MeSH
- (130) MedlinePlus
- (131) CDC
- (132) NINDS
- (133) NCBI Bookshelf
- (134) ClinVar
- (135) Gene Damage Index
- (136) ViGene Biosciences
- (137) HPO
- (138) UDN
- (139) VISTA
- (140) FANTOM5
- (141) ENCODE
- (142) ProSci
- (143) Horizon
- (144) NURSA
- (145) IID
- (146) Cyagen
- (147) VectorBuilder
- (148) SNPedia
- (149) BRCA Exchange
- (150) St John's Lab
- (151) CIViC
- (152) ProteoGenix
- (153) dbSUPER
- (154) TISSUES
- (155) Gene ORGANizer




