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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

AMBP Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 65
GCID: GC09M116823

alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor

(Previous symbols: ITI, ITIL)

Explore 72 diseases affiliated with
AMBP via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Alpha-1-Microglobulin/Bikunin Precursor¹ ²		Bikunin¹
HCP¹ ² ³ ⁵		Complex-Forming Glycoprotein Heterogeneous In Charge²
ITIL¹ ² ³ ⁵		Growth-Inhibiting Protein 19²
ITI¹ ² ⁵		Inter-Alpha-Trypsin Inhibitor Light Chain²
EDC1¹ ²		Protein AMBP²
HI30¹ ²		Protein HC²
IATIL¹ ²		Trypstatin¹
ITILC¹ ²		Uristatin¹
UTI¹ ²		Uronic-Acid-Rich Protein²
A1M²

External Ids:	HGNC: 453¹	Entrez Gene: 259²	Ensembl: ENSG00000106927⁷	OMIM: 176870⁵	UniProtKB: P02760³

Export aliases for AMBP gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC09M107620 GC09M108554 GC09M110276 GC09M112198 GC09M113901 GC09M115862 GC09M086428

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for AMBP:

This gene encodes a complex glycoprotein secreted in plasma. The precursor is proteolytically processed into distinct

functioning proteins: alpha-1-microglobulin, which belongs to the superfamily of lipocalin transport proteins and may

play a role in the regulation of inflammatory processes, and bikunin, which is a urinary trypsin inhibitor belonging

to the superfamily of Kunitz-type protease inhibitors and plays an important role in many physiological and

pathological processes. This gene is located on chromosome 9 in a cluster of lipocalin genes. (provided by RefSeq, Jul

2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: AMBP_HUMAN, P02760

Function: Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor inhibits trypsin, plasmin, and lysosomal granulocytic elastase. Inhibits

calcium oxalate crystallization

Function: Trypstatin is a trypsin inhibitor (By similarity)

Gene Wiki entry for AMBP (Alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000009.11 NC_018920.1 NT_008470.19

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the AMBP gene promoter:
NF-1/L NF-1 SREBP-1c Egr-1 Pax-2 Pax-2a SREBP-1b PPAR-gamma1 SREBP-1a PPAR-gamma2
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: AMBP promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for AMBP

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat AMBP

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 9q32-q33 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 9q32 HGNC cytogenetic band: 9q32-q33

AMBP Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
AMBP gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 9 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC09M116823: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	116,822,407 bp from pter	End:	116,840,752 bp from pter
Size:	18,346 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: AMBP_HUMAN, P02760 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Protein AMBP precursor

Size: 352 amino acids; 38999 Da

Subunit: I-alpha-I plasma protease inhibitors are assembled from one or two heavy chains (H1, H2 or H3) and one light

chain, bikunin. Inter-alpha-inhibitor (I-alpha-I) is composed of H1, H2 and bikunin, inter-alpha-like inhibitor

(I-alpha-LI) of H2 and bikunin, and pre-alpha-inhibitor (P-alpha-I) of H3 and bikunin. Alpha-1-microglobulin occurs as

a monomer and also in complexes with IgA and albumin. Alpha-1-microglobulin interacts with FN1. Trypstatin is a

monomer and also occurs as a complex with tryptase in mast cells (By similarity). Alpha-1-microglobulin and bikunin

interact (via SH3 domain) with HEV ORF3 protein

Subcellular location: Secreted

Miscellaneous: In vitro, the first twelve residues of the amino end of the inhibitor appear to have a reactive site

capable of inhibiting the activity of a number of enzymes. Its in vivo function is not known

2 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for AMBP:

1BIK (3D)

3QKG (3D)

Secondary accessions: P00977 P02759 P78491 Q2TU33 Q5TBD7 Q9UC58 Q9UDI8

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for AMBP: NX_P02760

Post-translational modifications:

The precursor is proteolytically processed into separately functioning proteins¹

3-hydroxykynurenine, an oxidized tryptophan metabolite that is common in biological fluids, reacts with Cys-53,

Lys-111, Lys-137, and Lys-149 to form heterogeneous polycyclic chromophores including hydroxanthommatin. The reaction

by alpha-1-microglobulin is autocatalytic; the human protein forms chromophore even when expressed in insect and

bacterial cells. The chromophore can react with accessible cysteines forming non-reducible thioether cross-links with

other molecules of alpha-1-microglobulin or with other proteins such as Ig alpha-1 chain C region 'Cys-352'¹

Heavy chains are interlinked with bikunin via a chondroitin 4-sulfate bridge to the their C-terminal aspartate (By

similarity)¹

N- and O-glycosylated. N-glycan heterogeneity at Asn-115: Hex5HexNAc4 (major), Hex6HexNAc5 (minor) and dHex1Hex6HexNAc5

(minor). N-glycan at Asn-250: Hex5HexNAc4. O-linkage of the glycosaminoglycan, chondroitin sulfate, at Ser-215 allows

cross-linking between the three polypeptide chains¹

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P02760

AMBP Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins: NP_001624.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000265132 ENSP00000443109

Reactome Protein details: P02760
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	Uscn Proteins for AMBP

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/6 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 6): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	NAS	11877257
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IEA	--
GO:0005792	microsome	--	--
GO:0005886	plasma membrane	IDA	12817471
GO:0009986	cell surface	IEA	--

AMBP for ontologies About GeneDecksing

AMBP Antibody Products:

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	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for AMBP

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

AMBP for domains About GeneDecksing

5/8 InterPro domains/families (see all 8):

IPR022272 Lipocalin_CS

IPR000566 Lipocln_cytosolic_FA-bd_dom

IPR012674 Calycin

IPR011038 Calycin-like

IPR002968 A1-microglobln

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P02760

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P02760

3 Blocks protein families:

IPB002223 Pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (Kunitz)

IPB002345 Lipocalin signature

IPB002968 Alpha-1-microglobulin signature

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: AMBP_HUMAN, P02760

Similarity: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family

Similarity: Contains 2 BPTI/Kunitz inhibitor domains

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: AMBP_HUMAN, P02760

Function: Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor inhibits trypsin, plasmin, and lysosomal granulocytic elastase. Inhibits

calcium oxalate crystallization

Function: Trypstatin is a trypsin inhibitor (By similarity)

Genatlas biochemistry entry for AMBP:

alpha-1-microglobulin (HC,lipocalin family Kernel group),expressed in plasma either as a free form or in covalent

complexes with albumine IgA and bikunin precursor (ITIL),complexing with ITIH1,ITIH2, ITIH3 or ITIH4,to form alpha

type inhibitor (respectively inter- and pre-)

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In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for AMBP

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/7 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 7): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004867	serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity	TAS	12817471
GO:0019855	calcium channel inhibitor activity	NAS	12817471
GO:0019862	IgA binding	IDA	11877257
GO:0020037	heme binding	IDA	11877257
GO:0036094	small molecule binding	IEA	--

AMBP for ontologies About GeneDecksing

1 GenomeRNAi human phenotype for AMBP:

Increased gamma-H2AX phosphory

Animal Models:
Mouse knock-outs for AMBP: Ambp^tm1Kkm Ambp^tm1Miya
4 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 2 alleles) (MGI details for Ambp):

behavior/neurological

embryogenesis

endocrine/exocrine gland

reproductive system

AMBP for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

Cleavage of Alpha-1-Microglobulin

	Cleavage of Alpha-1-Microglobulin	1.00			Binding and Uptake of Ligands by Scavenger Receptors	0.79
	Scavenging of Heme from Plasma	0.79

Cell adhesion_Cell-matrix glycoconjugates

Cell adhesion_Cell-matrix glycoconjugates

1.00

Cell adhesion Cell-matrix glycoconjugates

0.97

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

1 EMD Millipore Pathway for AMBP

Cell adhesion Cell-matrix glycoconjugates

1 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathway for AMBP

Cell adhesion Cell-matrix glycoconjugates

3 Reactome Pathways for AMBP

	Scavenging of Heme from Plasma
	Binding and Uptake of Ligands by Scavenger Receptors
	Cleavage of Alpha-1-Microglobulin

AMBP for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for AMBP

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 13)

5/14 Interacting proteins for AMBP (P02760^{2, 3} ENSP00000265132⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 14)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
CTSB	P07858²^,³, ENSP00000342070⁴	MINT-73534 MINT-73532 MINT-73533 MINT-73528 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000342070
FN1	P02751³, ENSP00000346839⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000346839
PIK3R3	Q92569³, ENSP00000262741⁴	I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000262741
CD79A	P11912³, ENSP00000221972⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000221972
F2	P00734³, ENSP00000308541⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000308541

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/9 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 9): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0007155	cell adhesion	NAS	9570066
GO:0007565	female pregnancy	NAS	10097787
GO:0018298	protein-chromophore linkage	IEA	--
GO:0019048	virus-host interaction	IEA	--
GO:0030163	protein catabolic process	IEA	--

AMBP for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

AMBP for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for AMBP

2 HMDB Compounds for AMBP About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
Calcium	Ca (see all 2)	7440-70-2	--
Heme	(protoporphyrinato)iron (see all 19)	14875-96-8	--

2 DrugBank Compounds for AMBP About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
Serum albumin iodonated	--	9048-49-1	target	--	17016423 17139284
Human Serum Albumin	--	9048-49-1	target	--	15452109

10/61 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for AMBP gene (see all 61) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
calcium oxalate	75.8	42	14516400 (3), 10092156 (3), 10541269 (3), 9607205 (2) (see all 16)
alpha 2 macroglobulin	75.1	2	9837695 (1)
chondroitin sulfate	68.4	32	7680011 (2), 1708671 (2), 18247611 (2), 20100602 (2) (see all 19)
ulinastatin	66.9	16	9226730 (2), 9201781 (2), 11882184 (2), 8726115 (1) (see all 7)
creatinine	65.6	73	1381383 (3), 10655728 (3), 9816376 (2), 11378603 (2) (see all 46)
chondroitin	53.2	1	7680011 (1)
glycosaminoglycan	52.5	10	8593487 (2), 1794445 (1), 7528540 (1), 9677337 (1) (see all 9)
serine	51.8	25	10469301 (2), 18247611 (2), 11052262 (1), 1928843 (1) (see all 21)
vitamin a	48.9	26	1381383 (4), 8734802 (3), 17301191 (1), 19287901 (1) (see all 20)
dmsa	46.5	2	19352723 (1)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about AMBP

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for AMBP gene:

NM_001633.3

Unigene Cluster for AMBP:

Alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor

Hs.436911 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001633

4 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000265132(uc004bie.4 uc010mvc.1) ENST00000466610 ENST00000469146

ENST00000540645(uc011lxk.2)

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Additional cDNA sequence:

AK290837.1 AK303795.1 AK310776.1 AK310791.1 AY544123.1 BC041593.1 M11562.1 X04225.1

X04494.1

10 DOTS entries:

DT.454719 DT.100878286 DT.92460856 DT.95156021 DT.92460868 DT.100878287 DT.95164087 DT.95164092

DT.95164112 DT.95164091

24/416 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 416):

T72138 AV659596 AV651962 NM_001633 CR616173 AV661431 AV657651 AV658016

AV660391 CB117013 BQ646375 CB158484 AV648809 CB120397 T60359 BQ647133

AV654216 CB156785 CR607981 BC041593 T73577 X04225 AV653939 CB123021

GeneLoc Exon Structure

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

AMBP expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: GGCAACGGTA

About this image

AMBP expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

1 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartment/Cell

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Liver

Liver Lobule

Liver

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

Stem Cell Differentiation: 2 LifeMap Cells

Name

Category

Pancreatic endoderm/endocrine precursor-like cells (A scalable, suspensi...)

Beating cell clusters (Spontaneous differen...)

See AMBP Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for AMBP

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.436911

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: AMBP_HUMAN, P02760

Tissue specificity: Expressed by the liver and secreted in plasma. Alpha-1-microglobulin occurs in many physiological

fluids including plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid. Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor is present in plasma and urine

SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for AMBP

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		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat AMBP

In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for AMBP

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

Orthologs for AMBP gene from 5/17 species (see all 17) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	AMBP¹	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	64.61(n) 58.06(a)		770795 XM_001234120.2 XP_001234121.1
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	-- -- (see all 3)	--	17(a) 14(a) (see all 3)	possible ortholog possible ortholog (see all 3)	GL343322.1(849868-864826) GL344356.1(52895-53065)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	ambp-prov²	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	77.16(n)		BC054142.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	zgc66321²	similar to alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	76.12(n)		394093 BC055598.1
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	CG3604⁶	--	19(a)	possible ortholog	2L(3697242-3697872)

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for AMBP (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for AMBP (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for AMBP gene

SPINT3² WFDC8² TFPI² WFIKKN1² SPINT2² WFIKKN2² TFPI2² EPPIN²

EPPIN-WFDC6²

5 SIMAP similar genes for AMBP using alignment to 2 protein entries: AMBP_HUMAN (see all proteins):

ITIL SPINT3 SPINT4 PTGDS TFPI2

AMBP for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
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SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 9 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs149650814^1,2		--	116821945(+)	`AGCTCC/TGGTCA`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs183824622^1,2		--	116822062(+)	`AGCTCC/GTTGGG`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs200929308^1,2		--	116822223(+)	`AGAAC-/TTTTTGA`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs144380829^1,2		--	116822254(+)	`GCCAAC/TGTCAT`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs187159560^1,2		--	116822354(+)	`CCCCTC/TCGCCA`	1	--	ds500¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs115710841^1,2	F,	--	116822386(+)	`TGACAA/GTGAAC`	1	--	ds500¹		1		WA	118
rs80057939^1,2	C,F,	--	116822510(+)	`AGACCG/AGCCAG`	1	--	ut3¹		5		CSA WA NA EA EU	1646
rs148306648^1,2	C,	--	116822566(+)	`AGAGAC/GACTCA`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs201597710^1,2		--	116822595(+)	`GGACA-/CTCCTCAG`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs2269456^1,2	C,F,A,H,	--	116822610(-)	`GCTGCC/TTTCCC`	1	--	int¹ trp³		14		NA WA CSA EA	381

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for AMBP (116822407 - 116840752 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 5 variations for AMBP
5 CNVs: 29802 5263 53913 5264 29803

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(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
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AMBP for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 176870    OMIM disorders: --

20/72 diseases for AMBP (see all 72):    About MalaCards

twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome twin twin transfusion syndrome renal tubular acidosis vesicoureteral reflux

retinol binding protein autoimmune disease of central nervous system ureteral obstruction pre-eclampsia

clear cell renal cell carcinoma lichen sclerosus type 1 diabetes mellitus diabetes mellitus

inflammatory bowel disease hepatitis e primary hyperoxaluria urolithiasis

mood disorder hypophosphatemia hypercalciuria myocardial infarction

1 disease from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for AMBP:

Kidney disease

10/69 Novoseek disease relationships for AMBP gene (see all 69) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
proteinuria	72	26	7554530 (2), 7685986 (1), 9072628 (1), 9395812 (1) (see all 22)
microalbuminuria	61.8	5	7532743 (2), 1533771 (1)
albuminuria	59.2	4	10332434 (1), 9078324 (1), 7691491 (1), 7554530 (1)
renal disease	57.5	15	1370761 (1), 8969545 (1), 9072628 (1), 12399625 (1) (see all 15)
renal stone	55.3	8	10092156 (2), 11435884 (1), 19725562 (1), 10541279 (1)
diabetic nephropathies	50.7	2	9342486 (1), 8593760 (1)
kidney dysfunction	49.6	1	9072628 (1)
response acute phase	40.3	4	7532586 (1), 15709178 (1), 1285244 (1)
vesicoureteral reflux	37.9	2	8969545 (1), 7681890 (1)
urolithiasis	37.3	4	11435884 (1), 16104926 (1), 9680501 (1), 12230607 (1)

Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: AMBP (5 documents)

Export disorders for AMBP gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
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PubMed articles for AMBP gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 486):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with AMBP)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Structure of the human alpha 1-microglobulin-bikunin gene. (PubMed id 1708673)^{1, 2, 3, 9} Vetr H. and Gebhard W. (1990)
Human alpha-1-microglobulin is covalently bound to kynurenine-derived chromophores. (PubMed id 15452109)^{1, 2, 7} Sala A.... Galliano M. (2004)
Homologous chromosomal locations of the four genes for inter-alpha-inhibitor and pre-alpha-inhibitor family in human and mouse: assignment of the ancestral gene for the lipocalin superfamily. (PubMed id 1385302)^{1, 3, 9} Salier J.P....Mattei M.G. (1992)
The 41-amino-acid C-terminal region of the hepatitis E virus ORF3 protein interacts with bikunin, a kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor. (PubMed id 16140784)^{1, 2, 9} Tyagi S.... Lal S.K. (2005)
Presence of the protein-glycosaminoglycan-protein covalent cross-link in the inter-alpha-inhibitor-related proteinase inhibitor heavy chain 2/bikunin. (PubMed id 7682553)^{1, 2, 9} Enghild J.J....Hefta S.A. (1993)
Chondroitin sulphate covalently cross-links the three polypeptide chains of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor. (PubMed id 7513643)^{1, 2, 9} Morelle W.... Mizon J. (1994)
The ORF3 protein of hepatitis E virus interacts with liver-specific alpha1-microglobulin and its precursor alpha1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor (AMBP) and expedites their export from the hepatocyte. (PubMed id 15037615)^{1, 2, 9} Tyagi S....Lal S.K. (2004)
The protein HC chromophore is linked to the cysteine residue at position 34 of the polypeptide chain by a reduction-resistant bond and causes the charge heterogeneity of protein HC. (PubMed id 1714898)^{1, 2, 9} Escribano J.... Mendez E. (1991)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
Alpha(1)-microglobulin: a yellow-brown lipocalin. (PubMed id 11058759)^{1, 2} Aakerstroem B.... Lindqvist A. (2000)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
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(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 259	HGNC: 453	AceView: AMBP	Ensembl:ENSG00000106927	euGenes: HUgn259
ECgene: AMBP	H-InvDB: AMBP

(According to HUGE)
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(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
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Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for AMBP	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

Intellectual Property for AMBP gene
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Patent Information for AMBP gene:
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GeneCards and IP:
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AMBP Gene

alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor

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AMBP (Gene Symbol)
Alpha-1-Microglobulin/Bikunin Precursor
HCP
ITIL
ITI
EDC1
HI30
IATIL
ITILC
UTI
A1M
Bikunin
Complex-Forming Glycoprotein Heterogeneous In Charge
Growth-Inhibiting Protein 19
Inter-Alpha-Trypsin Inhibitor Light Chain
Protein AMBP
Protein HC
Trypstatin
Uristatin
Uronic-Acid-Rich Protein

Microalbuminuria
Dementia
Infertility
sepsis
Malaria
Hepatitis E
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis
Dermatitis Atopic
Cystic Fibrosis
stage ovarian cancer
Breast Cancer
Adenocarcinoma
Nephrotic Syndrome
Vesicoureteral Reflux
Ureteral obstruction
NEPHROPATHY OBSTRUCTIVE
Cancer
Obstruction
Diabetes Mellitus Insulin-Dependent
Hypophosphatemia
Mood Disorders
Hypotension
OBSTRUCTIVE UROPATHY
RENAL STONE
Shock
RENAL DISEASE
Ovarian Cancer
reflux
Inflammation
Diabetic Nephropathies
Proteinuria
Cysts
Renal Failure
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Tumors
Metastasis
Necrosis
Renal Failure Acute
hypercalciuria
Shock Septic
Chondrosarcoma
Melanoma
Brain Tumors
bladder cancer
Parkinson Disease
Pyelonephritis
Glioma
Urolithiasis
Chronic glomerulonephritis
Carcinoma
retinopathy
Alzheimers Disease
Diabetes Mellitus
Carcinoma Renal Cell
Acute graft-versus-host disease
Pancreatic Cancer
Cancer Lung
Albuminuria
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Uremia
Response Acute Phase
Ascites
Bleeding
OVARIAN CARCINOMA
KIDNEY DYSFUNCTION
Glomerulonephritis
NIDDM
Urinary Stones
Arthritis

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AMBP Gene

alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor

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