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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

ALDH2 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 74
GCID: GC12P112205

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Family (Mitochondrial)
Alzheimer's & Parkinson's Diseases Congress
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Aliases
for ALDH2 gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, 10fRNAdb, 12H-InvDB, 13NCBI, 14NONCODE, and/or 15RNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Family (Mitochondrial)1 2     Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase 22
ALDH-E22 3     Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial2
ALDHI2 3     Liver Mitochondrial ALDH2
ALDM2 3     Nucleus-Encoded Mitochondrial Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 22
ALDH Class 22 3     EC 1.2.18
EC 1.2.1.33 8     

External Ids:    HGNC: 4041   Entrez Gene: 2172   Ensembl: ENSG000001112757   OMIM: 1006505   UniProtKB: P050913   

Export aliases for ALDH2 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC12P111101 GC12P111726 GC12P111987 GC12P110616 GC12P110667 GC12P109217


Summaries
for ALDH2 gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for ALDH2 Gene:
This protein belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family of proteins. Aldehyde dehydrogenase is the second enzyme of
the major oxidative pathway of alcohol metabolism. Two major liver isoforms of aldehyde dehydrogenase, cytosolic and
mitochondrial, can be distinguished by their electrophoretic mobilities, kinetic properties, and subcellular
localizations. Most Caucasians have two major isozymes, while approximately 50% of Orientals have the cytosolic
isozyme but not the mitochondrial isozyme. A remarkably higher frequency of acute alcohol intoxication among Orientals
than among Caucasians could be related to the absence of a catalytically active form of the mitochondrial isozyme. The
increased exposure to acetaldehyde in individuals with the catalytically inactive form may also confer greater
susceptibility to many types of cancer. This gene encodes a mitochondrial isoform, which has a low Km for
acetaldehydes, and is localized in mitochondrial matrix. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants
encoding distinct isoforms.(provided by RefSeq, Mar 2011)

GeneCards Summary for ALDH2 Gene: 
ALDH2 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family (mitochondrial)) is a protein-coding gene. Diseases associated with ALDH2 include hangover, and alcohol sensitivity, acute, and among its related super-pathways are Ifosfamide Pathway, Pharmacodynamics and Tryptophan metabolism. GO annotations related to this gene include electron carrier activity and aldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity. An important paralog of this gene is ALDH1L2.

summary for ALDH2 Gene:
Aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes oxidize aldehydes to generate carboxylic acids for use in the muscle and
heart. Numerous aldehyde dehydrogenase genes exist, of which ALDH2 is best known for its role in alcohol
oxidation. Over 550 aldehyde genes have been identified across different species, which can be split into
numerous families. There are 19 known human aldehyde dehydrogenase genes. ALDH2, a human mitochondrial
enzyme belonging to family 2, is responsible for breaking down acetaldehyde produced by ethanol. Inhibition
of aldehyde dehydrogenase therefore results in the build-up of acetaldehyde, a toxic metabolite which is
thought to be responsible for 'hangover' symptoms.

Gene Wiki entry for ALDH2 Gene


Genomic Views
for ALDH2 gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 73), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000012.11  NC_018923.2  NT_009775.17  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the ALDH2 gene promoter:
         PPAR-alpha   PPAR-gamma1   Sp1   p53   FOXJ2 (long isoform)   FOXJ2   PPAR-gamma2   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 2): ALDH2 promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for ALDH2

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat ALDH2


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 12q24.2   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  12q24.12   HGNC cytogenetic band: 12q24.12

ALDH2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
ALDH2 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 12         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC12P112205:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 112,204,691 bp from pter      End:
 112,247,789 bp from pter
Size:
 43,099 bases      Orientation:
 plus strand

Proteins
for ALDH2 gene

(According to UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE 1MOPED, 2PaxDb, and 3MAXQB RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp., Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, LSBio, Abcam, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ALDH2_HUMAN, P05091 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor  
Size: 517 amino acids; 56381 Da
Subunit: Homotetramer
Subcellular location: Mitochondrion matrix
Sequence caution: Sequence=AAA62825.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=424, 444, 448, 461; Sequence=CAA68290.1;
Type=Frameshift; Positions=Several; Sequence=CAA68290.1; Type=Miscellaneous discrepancy;
6/24 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for ALDH2 (see all 24):
1CW3 (3D)        1NZW (3D)        1NZX (3D)        1NZZ (3D)        1O00 (3D)        1O01 (3D)    
Secondary accessions: B4DW54 E7EUE5 Q03639 Q6IB13 Q6IV71
Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms:  P05091-1   P05091-2   (No experimental confirmation available)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for ALDH2: NX_P05091

Explore proteomics data for ALDH2 at MOPED 

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P05091

    • 4/36 DME Specific Peptides for ALDH2 (P05091) (see all 36)
     TLELGGK  WKLGPAL  AGSRTFV  VTLELGG 

    ALDH2 Protein expression data from MOPED1, PaxDb2 and MAXQB3 :    About this image 

    ALDH2 Protein Expression
    REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_000681.2  NP_001191818.1  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000403349   ENSP00000261733   ENSP00000448179   ENSP00000474669  
    Reactome Protein details: P05091
    Human Recombinant Protein Products for ALDH2: 
    Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
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    Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
    OriGene Purified Protein for ALDH2
    OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate for ALDH2
    OriGene MassSpec for ALDH2 
    OriGene Custom Protein Services for ALDH2
    GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for ALDH2
    Novus Biologicals ALDH2 Proteins
    Novus Biologicals ALDH2 Lysates
    Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
    Browse Sino Biological Cell Lysates 
    ProSpec Recombinant Protein for ALDH2
    Browse Proteins at Cloud-Clone Corp. 

    Gene Ontology (GO): 1 cellular component term (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005759mitochondrial matrix TAS--

    ALDH2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    ALDH2 Antibody Products: 
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    Novus Biologicals ALDH2 Antibodies
    Abcam antibodies for ALDH2
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    ThermoFisher Antibody for ALDH2
    LSBio Antibodies in human, mouse, rat for ALDH2 

    Assay Products for ALDH2: 
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    GenScript Custom Assay Services for ALDH2
    Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
    Browse ELISAs at Cloud-Clone Corp. 
    Browse CLIAs at Cloud-Clone Corp.

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for ALDH2 gene

    (According to HGNC, IUPHAR, InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    		 HGNC Gene Families: 
    ALDH: Aldehyde dehydrogenases

    5 InterPro protein domains:
     IPR016162 Ald_DH_N
     IPR016163 Ald_DH_C
     IPR016161 Ald_DH/histidinol_DH
     IPR015590 Aldehyde_DH_dom
     IPR016160 Ald_DH_CS

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P05091

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P05091

    2 Blocks protein domains:
    IPB001484 Pyrokinin
    IPB002086 Aldehyde dehydrogenase


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ALDH2_HUMAN, P05091
    Similarity: Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family


    ALDH2 for domains           About GeneDecksing


    Function
    for ALDH2 gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, inGenious Targeting Laboratory,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, Sirion Biotech, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Sirion Biotech, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, Sirion Biotech, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Molecular Function:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: ALDH2_HUMAN, P05091
    Catalytic activity: An aldehyde + NAD(+) + H(2)O = a carboxylate + NADH

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for ALDH2:
    aldehyde dehydrogenase 2,mitochondrial,E2 isoform

         Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 1.2.1.31 2 EC 1.2.12

         Gene Ontology (GO): 5 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0004029aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD) activity EXP--
    GO:0004030aldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity TAS8903321
    GO:0009055electron carrier activity TAS8903321
    GO:0016491oxidoreductase activity ----
    GO:0016620oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor ----
         
    ALDH2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    Phenotypes:
         15 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 3 alleles) (MGI details for Aldh2):
     behavior/neurological  cellular  growth/size  hematopoietic system  homeostasis/metabolism 
     immune system  integument  limbs/digits/tail  mortality/aging  nervous system 
     other  reproductive system  skeleton  tumorigenesis  vision/eye 

    ALDH2 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-out Aldh2tm1Kaw for ALDH2
       inGenious Targeting Laboratory - Custom generated mouse model solutions for ALDH2 
       inGenious Targeting Laboratory - Custom generated inducible mouse model solutions for ALDH2

    miRNA
    Products:        
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat ALDH2
    Search QIAGEN for miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate ALDH2
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: ALDH2 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:            		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for ALDH2
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat ALDH2
    Sirion Biotech Custom design and validation of potent shRNA sequences against ALDH2

    Gene Editing
    Products:    		DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for ALDH2
    Sirion Biotech Customized adenovirus for overexpression of ALDH2
                         Customized adenovirus for potent knockdown of ALDH2

    Clone
    Products:             		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
    OriGene clones in human, mouse for ALDH2 (see all 7)
    OriGene ORF clones in mouse, rat for ALDH2
    OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): ALDH2 (NM_000690)
    Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for ALDH2
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for ALDH2
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat ALDH2

    Cell Line
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    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for ALDH2
    Sirion Biotech Customized stable knockdown cell line services for ALDH2
                         Customized inducible knockdown cell line services for ALDH2
                         Customized stable overexpressing cell line services for ALDH2
                         Customized inducible overexpressing cell line services for ALDH2

    In Situ Assay
    Products:       
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for ALDH2


    Pathways & Interactions
    for ALDH2 gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Sino Biological, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    SuperPaths for ALDH2 About   (see all 23)                                                                                              See pathways by source

    SuperPathContained pathways About
    1Ifosfamide Pathway, Pharmacodynamics
    		Ifosfamide Pathway, Pharmacodynamics0.72
    		Ethanol oxidation0.50
    		Cyclophosphamide Pathway, Pharmacodynamics0.72
    		Fatty Acid Omega Oxidation0.47
    2Tryptophan metabolism
    		Tryptophan metabolism0.46
    		Tryptophan metabolism0.46
    3Metabolism
    		Metabolism0.40
    		Metabolic pathways0.40
    4phenylalanine utilization
    		phenylalanine degradation IV (mammalian, via side chain)0.70
    		putrescine degradation III0.33
    		phenylalanine utilization0.70
    		noradrenaline and adrenaline degradation0.31
    5tryptophan utilization II
    		tryptophan utilization II0.70
    		serotonin degradation0.36
    		tryptophan utilization I0.70

    Pathways by source                                                                                                                                                                 See SuperPaths
    Show all pathways

    1 EMD Millipore Pathway for ALDH2
        Retinol metabolism


    1 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathway for ALDH2
        Retinol metabolism

    5/13 BioSystems Pathways for ALDH2 (see all 13)
        ethanol degradation IV
    oxidative ethanol degradation III
    ethanol degradation II
    noradrenaline and adrenaline degradation
    phenylalanine degradation IV (mammalian, via side chain)


    5/9        Reactome Pathways for ALDH2 (see all 9)
        Metabolism of serotonin
    Serotonin clearance from the synaptic cleft
    Transmission across Chemical Synapses
    Metabolism
    Neuronal System

    2 PharmGKB Pathways for ALDH2
        Cyclophosphamide Pathway, Pharmacodynamics
    Ifosfamide Pathway, Pharmacodynamics

    5/14         Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for ALDH2) (see all 14):
        Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
    Pentose and glucuronate interconversions
    Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism
    Fatty acid degradation
    Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ALDH2_HUMAN, P05091
    Pathway: Alcohol metabolism; ethanol degradation; acetate from ethanol: step 2/2


    ALDH2 for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for ALDH2

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/319 Interacting proteins for ALDH2 (P050912, 3 ENSP000002617334) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 319)

    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    C14orf1Q9UKR52, 3MINT-63389 I2D: score=5 
    SLC35F6Q8N3572, 3MINT-63388 I2D: score=5 
    UNC119Q134322, 3MINT-63385 I2D: score=5 
    CRMP1Q141942, 3MINT-63386 I2D: score=4 
    IGSF21Q96ID52, 3MINT-63387 I2D: score=4 
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/10 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 10):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005975carbohydrate metabolic process TAS8903321
    GO:0006066alcohol metabolic process TAS1306115
    GO:0006068ethanol catabolic process IEA--
    GO:0006069ethanol oxidation TAS--
    GO:0006805xenobiotic metabolic process TAS--

    ALDH2 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for ALDH2 gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, IUPHAR, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    ALDH2 for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Compounds for ALDH2 available from Tocris Bioscience    About this table
    CompoundAction CAS #
    WIN 18446ALDH1a2 inhibitor[1477-57-2]
    Alda 1ALDH2 activator; cardioprotective[349438-38-6]

    10/43 HMDB Compounds for ALDH2 (see all 43)    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    (S)-Methylmalonic acid semialdehyde(S)-Methylmalonate semialdehyde (see all 3)99043-16-0--
    2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoic acid2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoate (see all 7)6236-08-4--
    2-Propyn-1-al ----
    20-Oxo-leukotriene E420-oxo-LTE(,4) (see all 3)----
    20-oxo-leukotriene B420-carboxyleukotriene B4 ----
    3-Aminopropionaldehyde3-Aminopropanal (see all 3)352-92-1--
    3-Butyn-1-al 52844-23-2--
    3a,7a-Dihydroxy-5b-cholestan-26-al3a,7a-Dihydroxy-5b-cholestan-26-al;3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al;5beta-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha-diol-27-al;5beta-cholestan-27-al-3alpha,7alpha-diol ----
    3a,7a-Dihydroxycoprostanic acid3a,7a-Dihydroxy-5b-cholestan-26-oate (see all 14)17974-66-2--
    4-Acetamidobutanoic acidN-Acetyl-4-aminobutanoate (see all 11)3025-96-5--

    10 DrugBank Compounds for ALDH2    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #TypeActionsPubMed Ids
    Daidzin4',7-Dihydroxyisoflavone (see all 8)552-66-9target--17139284 17016423 10592235
    Nicotinamide-Adenine-Dinucleotide-- 53-84-9target--17139284 17016423 10592235
    Crotonaldehyde-- --target--17139284 17016423
    DisulfiramDisulfuram (see all 16)97-77-8targetinhibitor17220694 16051882
    GuanidineAminomethanamidine (see all 9)113-00-8target--17139284 17016423
    NADHbeta-DPNH (see all 18)606-68-8target--17488809 16961761
    Amyl NitriteAmyl nitrosum (see all 6)110-46-3enzymesubstrate20543077
    Benzyl alcohol(Hydroxymethyl)benzene (see all 10)100-51-6enzymesubstrate7645026
    Nitric Oxide-- 10102-43-9enzymeinhibitor16242127
    NitroglycerinGlyceryl trinitrate (see all 7)55-63-0enzymesubstrate20543077

    10/61 Novoseek inferred chemical compound relationships for ALDH2 gene (see all 61)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    acetaldehyde 93.7 268 16365683 (5), 18616675 (4), 16403513 (4), 14722101 (4) (see all 99)
    daidzin 75.3 28 8433985 (3), 11563931 (3), 9050837 (3), 18613661 (3) (see all 9)
    ethanol 75.2 116 19144977 (4), 16316071 (3), 10826103 (3), 8512495 (3) (see all 58)
    propionaldehyde 67.3 2 15703303 (1), 17655326 (1)
    nitroglycerin 63.4 83 17585900 (5), 16051882 (5), 18272654 (3), 16440063 (3) (see all 21)
    retinaldehyde 62 1 10559215 (1)
    aldophosphamide 61.2 2 1610409 (2)
    rsai 58.1 2 15318112 (1), 11696658 (1)
    disulfiram 56.1 8 17980785 (2), 9605433 (2), 9354647 (2), 16051882 (1) (see all 5)
    betaine aldehyde 54.7 1 1527093 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about ALDH2

    Transcripts
    for ALDH2 gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 236 Homo sapiens; Apr 25 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    Conferences by KenesGroup, exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, Sirion Biotech, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for ALDH2 gene (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_000690.3  NM_001204889.1  

    Unigene Cluster for ALDH2:

    Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family (mitochondrial)
    Hs.604551  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_000690
    4 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000416293 ENST00000261733(uc001tst.3 uc010syi.2) ENST00000548536
    ENST00000549106

    miRNA
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    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: ALDH2 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for ALDH2
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat ALDH2
    Sirion Biotech Custom design and validation of potent shRNA sequences against ALDH2
    Clone
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    OriGene ORF clones in mouse, rat for ALDH2
    OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): ALDH2 (NM_000690)
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for ALDH2
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat ALDH2
    Primer
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    OriGene qSTAR qPCR primer pairs in human, mouse for ALDH2
    SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat ALDH2
      QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat ALDH2
      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat ALDH2

    Additional mRNA sequence: 

    AK223373.1 AK301375.1 AK314856.1 AY621070.1 BC002967.1 BC071839.1 CR456991.1 K03001.1 
    M26760.1 M54931.1 S80262.1 X05409.1 Y00109.1 

    24 DOTS entries:

    DT.100825560  DT.219231  DT.100825566  DT.100825563  DT.100030509  DT.100825574  DT.92458180  DT.95159151 
    DT.100825577  DT.121177828  DT.92458189  DT.95159142  DT.95159145  DT.100825568  DT.121177818  DT.121177839 
    DT.92458178  DT.95159116  DT.100825562  DT.121177767  DT.121177793  DT.95159148  DT.92018440  DT.92458173 

    651 AceView cDNA sequences (see top 24):

    CN478497 AI870910 AL043849 AV655407 AL538754 AI865937 AV650275 AI272886 
    AI160133 BE463837 BU849300 AA715095 AA649842 AI186384 AI632626 AL522212 
    AI350206 BE502351 BM765860 R53433 W17229 BC003698 CB997156 CF456426 
    BI771112 CR617194 AI017596 BM982203 BM853466 AA923050 BF725614 AA243179 
    AY323912 AW105496 CD014082 CD368410 BM760986 BQ648302 BX420523 BE887478 
    BM766085 AA350808 AA862149 BU626457 BM784026 BQ933288 BC071839 BC015056 
    CB851098 BM765615 AI261830 BE272838 BQ643713 AA316218 CD515435 F37029 
    AA332335 BP430017 NM_000690 BQ648251 AA969786 BU732519 BU174018 BQ651870 
    BX448088 AI146792 AV651965 BM784297 AI056873 BM739192 BM773382 K03001 
    BI834562 BM765605 AA995393 AV650270 AA677335 AI568300 BG056829 BM702136 
    CN484903 BQ013909 AV647139 BM986820 BI491284 T08954 AL522848 BQ881103 
    AI632521 BM702187 BM740979 AI276955 AL531568 AV647132 BM511646 CR618953 
    BM852361 AV653398 BQ362166 BQ631709 BM993788 CA397701 BI517895 AW188884 
    BQ083488 BU171977 BM695868 CN479669 AI460073 BQ925300 AI354279 AA548678 
    CR591627 AA341219 NM_025247 BX488932 AA826948 CR620819 BM992703 AW473980 
    CR609508 AA973381 BM980181 BP430561 BG743241 AL532964 AL043850 CA424936 
    BM746224 CB991970 AW102979 BM765982 AW300041 BU687348 BM772876 AL564795 
    AA350809 CD721913 BM783506 AA830815 BX089391 BP871792 AI090447 M26760 
    BQ347284 BQ071238 BM784372 BM919125 BM664828 AI564125 AA419072 T72070 
    AK097425 BU151478 AL548084 AI751738 BU607893 BG696274 AI499010 AV650553 
    BM782514 BU186773 AY621070 AW020236 AA076429 CB851683 BQ721037 BE048742 
    AL559753 BF570286 CD609387 CA419108 X05409 CB162312 T28511 BM981746 
    BE512931 BX453759 AV653686 AI950247 BM991609 AA384097 AV655305 BU617708 
    N74351 CB269953 BI668048 AA489164 AL521490 AW089862 AL534034 BM677229 
    N35960 BQ027202 BG564228 R07565 BQ339093 BG740760 BQ433381 AI245370 
    BI259438 CB268218 H81440 AW149663 AW514959 CB163633 CA444245 CA336043 
    AI127324 AI672769 BQ708964 AW021522 AA669031 AI268376 BM817955 AL832043 
    BI913330 AV721915 AI346161 D25565 AI942236 AA936763 AI309739 AW002529 
    AA857126 AA765002 AI889135 CR456991 AI745184 BM817637 AW594477 W67184 
    AA305818 CD250420 BG105703 BQ643884 BG703709 CA390961 BI598385 AA565719 
    AW243409 N27870 AI348381 AV701855 BG428456 BE259405 BQ315616 CB991534 
    BQ083810 AV659144 BM741106 CB990195 CF272524 CB241032 AV693735 AL530994 
    BI917012 AV659530 BP346797 BX448087 AA701647 CD609386 BI770469 AI184077 
    AA435546 CB161783 BM818632 AI884933 BG386210 AL564722 AA687978 BI597143 
    BI599195 BG696292 AL545580 BQ373341 AV646244 BU689240 AA334335 AL545610 
    AW851378 T74869 AL529224 AA191502 BX383653 W90656 BQ678707 AA789204 
    AV657228 BU552540 AV662302 BI599786 AL553428 AK092356 BG332061 BX957030 
    AA419133 AI052517 AI627757 BI818497 AI190867 BM853139 BX473078 BF311303 
    AA806909 BQ653982 AA322407 BI668144 CB955700 AW270045 AA700657 BI667488 
    CD609388 BG700585 AL540170 AI890849 BM739814 AW295020 CB128990 BM786119 
    CD609389 CF994941 BI463093 BM747449 BP347555 BM562957 BE268288 BG341751 
    BG328130 CD368353 CB267416 AL576537 AI862132 AI366145 BC002967 AW589506 
    AV723394 BQ002641 AL532910 BE562170 AL563391 BM851430 CB144887 AI766057 
    BF569767 AX747497 BU682550 BG706187 BM708164 BG721446 BU732011 BM694407 
    BQ362168 AI338644 AA548866 AV650644 BQ649410 BQ694149 AA830692 AV653329 
    AA017217 AV690920 AI418190 AI183979 BM754970 AI857571 AI992012 BF808561 
    BI226360 AW851241 AA628643 BQ879981 AI279282 BC054886 BI599642 AW768305 
    BF313441 BQ646098 AV703977 AI268380 AV701585 AI379712 BG744459 BU156710 
    AV706424 BE396883 Y00109 CD632609 F25106 AI763276 BM769438 AW295074 
    BG745105 BE049504 BQ632009 AW452861 BF793170 AA828220 C04917 AI984337 
    AA360052 AI339715 CB269884 BI914151 BE269992 BU177658 BG705866 BE544889 
    BQ648143 BM760214 AA351250 AW081518 AA581431 BM826605 BM745881 AL521592 
    CK823916 CB962070 N40645 BF968248 BQ927465 BG740249 AA026147 R53432 
    AV660163 W67240 AW954725 AI367322 AV721790 AV687009 BF826694 W67378 
    AV693532 BM664881 BM544143 AV650656 BF206393 BM729983 BF314445 AW589517 
    BU570603 AA326036 BM906563 AW821725 AA705896 AI815475 AI634926 AA758787 
    BP349729 BF115704 AA496388 AI491735 CO245288 BM012188 AI765605 N89731 
    AV704569 BG984725 BQ324900 BG490346 AL518832 AA404250 AV691479 BF314378 
    BF344529 BG980589 AW294795 BM721621 AV684856 AK021975 AV686137 AV646965 
    BI765606 BM744361 AA012947 BG490305 AA738185 AA788867 BG900019 AV652430 
    M54931 BQ693976 BQ339092 CA394715 AW884076 BM981965 BQ718952 AV646976 
    AA037614 AA345444 AA394012 AV653327 T74921 BQ353001 AI004249 BQ373340 
    AA410613 AV720989 AI050927 AW264657 AU120197 AI131041 AA341546 BF114908 
    BE857218 AV684344 BG707081 BE893574 H75881 CB048182 BI497015 BQ648530 
    BU623183 AI092061 AV693007 AV707850 AI951757 AW079838 AA319913 BG707510 
    W84741 N74405 BI548184 AW026717 F27665 AV685898 AA434407 BQ315615 
    AV684039 R07512 AA017310 T60310 BM144813 BG899576 BQ352997 AL548048 
    AW136569 AL045357 W67263 BQ339279 AA977930 AV694283 BM011561 BE049508 
    AV683922 W84766 H75747 T03708 AL521489 CD695889 AW874009 AL045358 
    BI919205 AI351723 N92748 W19404 C75356 AA243240 AA027226 AA805610 
    AL565353 AA862409 AA618520 AI632515 AV687674 BQ324100 AV684238 AW977100 
    AA336569 AW966987 AV659016 BI226597 BG705999 BI601649 AA669174 BM477788 
    BG370163 AL531567 CB267160 AW269253 AA604066 AW900642 AI907063 BQ353667 
    CD102576 AI547271 AA341892 AV691637 AL568263 BF335423 AW664614 CD357303 
    BX410187 AA568841 AA037613 AV658732 BQ324098 AL522211 AV689772 AA404700 
    T26508 R35319 AI610783 T95776 AA434505 AV726621 BG950099 BF035140 
    AL521593 H42315 AA316472 BQ353737 BE786079 BI518173 H41079 BQ352998 
    BQ679489 BM047696 AL538753 BQ682187 T39905 N85268 BQ319167 AV749998 
    BX422479 C21226 BQ364637 AW953291 BG538384 AL581304 BF947255 BQ324097 
    AW367449 BF854738 T55826 AW438690 BF754711 BQ350772 AA013041 H43081 
    BQ350990 BG370158 AW960865 T64759 BG315393 AL522847 BE259963 H67138 
    T95777 BE168955 AL518833 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    4 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for ALDH2    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1a · 1b ^ 2 ^ 3 ^ 4a · 4b ^ 5 ^ 6a · 6b ^ 7 ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10a · 10b ^ 11 ^ 12 ^ 13 ^ 14a · 14b · 14c
    SP1:                                                                                                                        
    SP2:              -                                                                                                         
    SP3:              -                 -     -     -                                                                           
    SP4:                                                                                            -                           


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for ALDH2

    Expression
    for ALDH2 gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    ALDH2 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)      ALDH2 embryonic expression: see
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS <intensity>2/3
    CGAP TAG: GTGGGTTGGC
    ALDH2 Expression
    About this image


    ALDH2 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells    About this table
    Data from LifeMap, the Embryonic Development and Stem Cells Database 
     5/18 selected tissues (see all 18) fully expand
     
     Brain (Nervous System)    fully expand to see all 8 entries
             Adult Endothelial Cells Blood Brain Barrier
             Thalamus
             brain/midbrain
     
     Lower Urinary Tract (Urinary System)    fully expand to see all 3 entries
             urinary bladder ; urothelial cells
             visceral organ
     
     Neural Tube (Nervous System)    fully expand to see all 3 entries
             Metencephalon
     
     Lung (Respiratory System)    fully expand to see all 2 entries
             bronchus ; respiratory epithelial cells
     
     Skin (Integumentary System)    fully expand to see all 2 entries
             vulva/anal skin ; epidermal cells
             mouse/organ system/integumental system

    See ALDH2 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for ALDH2

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.604551
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including ALDH2: 
              Fatty Acid Metabolism in human mouse rat
              Amino Acid Metabolism II in human mouse rat
              Drug Metabolism: Phase I Enzymes in human mouse rat
              Stem Cells in human mouse rat
              Molecular Toxicology PathwayFinder 384HT in human mouse rat

    Primer
    Products:    		OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for ALDH2
    OriGene qSTAR qPCR primer pairs in human, mouse for ALDH2
    SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat ALDH2
    QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat ALDH2
    QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat ALDH2
    In Situ
    Assay Products:     
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for ALDH2

    Orthologs
    for ALDH2 gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

    Orthologs for ALDH2 gene from 9/21 species (see all 21)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)    		 Mammalia Aldh21 , 5 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial1, 5 86.82(n)1
    95.54(a)1    		   5 (61.86 cM)5
    116691  NM_009656.31  NP_033786.11 
     1215660275 
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves ALDH21 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family (mitochondrial) 76.55(n)
    85.85(a)    		   416880  XM_415171.3  XP_415171.3 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia --
    		 Uncharacterized protein
    		 80(a)
    		 1 → many
    		 GL343282.1(19269-33915)
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii AY398308.12   -- 76.43(n)    AY398308.1 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)    		 Insecta CG37523
    Aldh1    		 aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+)3
    Aldehyde dehydrogenase1    		 68(a)3
    68.27(n)1
    71.54(a)1    		   30B33
    342561  NM_135441.21  NP_609285.11 
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)    		 Secernentea alh-11 Protein ALH-1 61.82(n)
    67.93(a)    		   175691  NM_065680.4  NP_498081.2 
    baker's yeast
    (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)    		 Saccharomycetes ALD5(YER073W)4
    ALD41    		 Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase, involved in regulation more4
    Ald4p1    		 55.81(n)1
    51.8(a)1    		   5(304030-305592)4
    8545561  NP_015019.11  8568044 
     NP_010996.14 
    thale cress
    (Arabidopsis thaliana)    		 eudicotyledons ALDH2B41 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2B4 60.03(n)
    63.04(a)    		   823955  NM_114669.3  NP_190383.1 
    corn
    (Zea mays)    		 Liliopsida AY106673.12   -- 73.81(n)    AY106673.1 


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for ALDH2 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for ALDH2 (if available)

    Paralogs
    for ALDH2 gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for ALDH2 gene
    ALDH1L22  ALDH1A12  ENSG000002577672  ALDH1A22  ALDH1B12  ALDH7A12  ALDH6A12  ALDH8A12  
    ALDH9A12  ALDH1L12  ALDH1A32  
    13 SIMAP similar genes for ALDH2 using alignment to 8 protein entries:     ALDH2_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    ALDH1A2    ALDH1A1    ALDH1B1    ALDH1A3    DKFZp686G1675    ALDH1L1
    ALDH1L2    ALDH9A1    ALDH8A1    ALDH5A1    ALDH6A1    ALDH7A1
    ALDH3A1

    ALDH2 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for ALDH2 gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, 4UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ALDH2_HUMAN, P05091
    Polymorphism: Genetic variation in ALDH2 is responsible for individual differences in responses to drinking alcohol
    [MIM:610251]. Allele ALDH2*2 is associated with a very high incidence of acute alcohol intoxication in Orientals and
    South American Indians, as compared to Caucasians


    10/840 SNPs in ALDH2 are shown (see all 840)    About this table     
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 12 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    rs6711,2,4
    		C,F,Hdrug-response1112037845(+) ACACTG/AAAGTG 4 /K /E mis1 ese326Minor allele frequency- A:0.12MN CA NS EA NA 2426
    VAR_0113024
    		----see VAR_0113022 E K mis40--------
    rs557371281,2
    		C,F--111998816(+) GCCTCA/GCCTTC 2 -- us2k12Minor allele frequency- G:0.09WA 120
    rs1496537531,2
    		--111998866(+) CTAAT-/TGTG  
                TGTGT     		2 -- us2k10--------
    rs608794781,2
    		C--111998867(+) TAATT-/G/GTGTGTGT
    GTGTGTGTGTGTG    TGTGT     		4 -- us2k1 cds10--------
    rs1432594941,2
    		--111998962(+) GGTCTC/TGAACT 2 -- us2k10--------
    rs1889461871,2
    		--111998987(+) ATCTAA/CCCGCC 2 -- us2k10--------
    rs1475133281,2
    		--111998990(+) TACCCA/GCCTCA 2 -- us2k10--------
    rs1930564811,2
    		--111999047(+) AGCCTA/CATTTC 2 -- us2k10--------
    rs1850420171,2
    		--111999278(+) TGGCAC/TGGTGG 2 -- us2k10--------

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for ALDH2 (112204691 - 112247789 bp)

    Structural Variations
         Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) 4 variations for ALDH2:    About this table     
    Variant IDTypeSubtypePubMed ID
    nsv515716CNV Gain19592680
    nsv470317CNV Gain18288195
    dgv1492n71CNV Gain21882294
    nsv455715CNV Gain19166990


    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): ALDH2

    Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB): ALDH2
    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
    QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing ALDH2
    DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for ALDH2

    Disorders / Diseases
    for ALDH2 gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Conferences by KenesGroup, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    ALDH2 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 100650   
    OMIM disorders: 610251  
    20/81 diseases for ALDH2 (see all 81):    About MalaCards
    hangover    alcohol sensitivity, acute    alcoholic neuropathy    alcoholic liver cirrhosis
    alcoholic cardiomyopathy    alcohol dependence    oral cavity cancer    alcoholism
    alcohol abuse    gout    liver cirrhosis    antisocial personality disorder
    fetal alcohol syndrome    atrophic gastritis    personality disorder    retinopathy of prematurity
    cardiovascular disease risk factor )    alcoholic pancreatitis    esophageal squamous cell carcinoma    gastroduodenitis

    5 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for ALDH2:
    Alcohol dependence     Esophageal cancer     Substance abuse     Liver disease
    Squamous cell carcinoma

    Congresses - knowledge worth sharing:  
    Alzheimer's & Parkinson's Diseases Congress (ADPD) 18 - 22 March 2015

    10/56 Novoseek inferred disease relationships for ALDH2 gene (see all 56)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    alcoholism 83.4 127 7625477 (5), 10803776 (4), 1492799 (4), 7573775 (3) (see all 59)
    liver diseases alcoholic 66.3 20 11410736 (5), 15519646 (2), 8986242 (1), 8591846 (1) (see all 10)
    pancreatitis alcoholic 60.7 7 11117576 (2), 8985275 (1), 8986224 (1), 10235286 (1) (see all 5)
    alcohol abuse 56.6 2 19251111 (1)
    alcoholic cirrhosis 54.8 7 12824748 (1), 15220553 (1), 8845660 (1), 11748356 (1) (see all 5)
    alcoholic neuropathy 52.6 3 15182962 (2), 15542751 (1)
    macrocytosis 51.1 2 16759795 (1), 17295873 (1)
    smoking habit 47.2 9 15714130 (3), 18216179 (2), 8903472 (2), 17207821 (1)
    carcinoma squamous cell 43.5 18 16759795 (2), 16639733 (2), 16499490 (2), 18322963 (2) (see all 12)
    genetic susceptibility 41.6 1 19449376 (1)

    Genatlas disease: ALDH2
    facial flushing reaction to alcohol

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): ALDH2
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: ALDH2 (303 documents)

    Export disorders for ALDH2 gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for ALDH2 gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for ALDH2 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 684):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with ALDH2)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Cloning of cDNAs for human aldehyde dehydrogenases 1 and 2. (PubMed id 2987944)1, 2, 3 Hsu L.C.... Yoshida A. (1985)
    2. Molecular abnormality and cDNA cloning of human aldehyde dehydrogenases. (PubMed id 4015823)1, 2, 3 Yoshida A.... Tani K. (1985)
    3. Meta-analysis of three diabetes population studies: association of inactive ALDH2 genotype with maternal inheritance of diabetes. (PubMed id 15563966)1, 4, 9 Murata C....Suzuki Y. (2004)
    4. Association between personality traits and ALDH2 polymorphism in Japanese male alcoholics. (PubMed id 19298328)1, 4, 9 Kimura M....Kashima H. (2009)
    5. Genetic association between aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) variation and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) among non-drinkers in two large population samples in Japan. (PubMed id 18776700)1, 4, 9 Wada M....Kato T. (2008)
    6. Aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 genotypes and HLA haplotypes in Japanese patients with esophageal cancer. (PubMed id 12168074)1, 4, 9 Watanabe S....Kuriyama S. (2002)
    7. Salivary Acetaldehyde Concentration According to Alcoholic Beverage Consumed and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase-2 Genotype. (PubMed id 18616675)1, 4, 9 Yokoyama A....Yokoyama T. (2008)
    8. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 and beta3-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms: their association with elevated liver enzymes and metabolic syndrome. (PubMed id 14506613)1, 4, 9 Murata C....Okazaki I. (2003)
    9. Genetic polymorphisms in cytochrome P4502E1, alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Gansu Chinese males. (PubMed id 18322963)1, 4, 9 Guo Y.M....Guo Q.H. (2008)
    10. Interactive effects of lifetime alcohol consumption and alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase polymorphisms on esophageal cancer risks. (PubMed id 17036331)1, 4, 9 Chen Y.J....Wu M.T. (2006)

    External Searches for ALDH2 gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
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    NCBI Bookshelf
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    Genome Databases showing ALDH2 gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 217 HGNC: 404 AceView: ALDH2andACAD10 Ensembl:ENSG00000111275 euGenes: HUgn217
    ECgene: ALDH2 Kegg: 217 H-InvDB: ALDH2

    Other Databases showing ALDH2 gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing ALDH2 gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for ALDH2 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for ALDH2 Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

    Intellectual Property
    for ALDH2 gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for ALDH2 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving ALDH2

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



    Products
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    About This Section

     
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