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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

ALDH2 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 74
GCID: GC12P112205

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Family (Mitochondrial)

Alzheimer's & Parkinson's Diseases Congress

See related diseases
at

MalaCards

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, ¹⁰fRNAdb, ¹²H-InvDB, ¹³NCBI, ¹⁴NONCODE, and/or ¹⁵RNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Family (Mitochondrial)¹ ²		Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase 2²
ALDH-E2² ³		Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial²
ALDHI² ³		Liver Mitochondrial ALDH²
ALDM² ³		Nucleus-Encoded Mitochondrial Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2²
ALDH Class 2² ³		EC 1.2.1⁸
EC 1.2.1.3³ ⁸

External Ids:	HGNC: 404¹	Entrez Gene: 217²	Ensembl: ENSG00000111275⁷	OMIM: 100650⁵	UniProtKB: P05091³

Export aliases for ALDH2 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC12P111101 GC12P111726 GC12P111987 GC12P110616 GC12P110667 GC12P109217

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for ALDH2 Gene:

This protein belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family of proteins. Aldehyde dehydrogenase is the second enzyme

of the major oxidative pathway of alcohol metabolism. Two major liver isoforms of aldehyde dehydrogenase,

cytosolic and mitochondrial, can be distinguished by their electrophoretic mobilities, kinetic properties, and

subcellular localizations. Most Caucasians have two major isozymes, while approximately 50% of Orientals have the

cytosolic isozyme but not the mitochondrial isozyme. A remarkably higher frequency of acute alcohol intoxication

among Orientals than among Caucasians could be related to the absence of a catalytically active form of the

mitochondrial isozyme. The increased exposure to acetaldehyde in individuals with the catalytically inactive form

may also confer greater susceptibility to many types of cancer. This gene encodes a mitochondrial isoform, which

has a low Km for acetaldehydes, and is localized in mitochondrial matrix. Alternative splicing results in

multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms.(provided by RefSeq, Mar 2011)

GeneCards Summary for ALDH2 Gene:

ALDH2 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family (mitochondrial)) is a protein-coding gene. Diseases associated with ALDH2 include hangover, and alcohol sensitivity, acute, and among its related super-pathways are Ifosfamide Pathway, Pharmacodynamics and Tryptophan metabolism. GO annotations related to this gene include electron carrier activity and aldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity. An important paralog of this gene is ALDH1L2.

summary for ALDH2 Gene:

Aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes oxidize aldehydes to generate carboxylic acids for use in the muscle and

heart. Numerous aldehyde dehydrogenase genes exist, of which ALDH2 is best known for its role in alcohol

oxidation. Over 550 aldehyde genes have been identified across different species, which can be split into

numerous families. There are 19 known human aldehyde dehydrogenase genes. ALDH2, a human mitochondrial

enzyme belonging to family 2, is responsible for breaking down acetaldehyde produced by ethanol. Inhibition

of aldehyde dehydrogenase therefore results in the build-up of acetaldehyde, a toxic metabolite which is

thought to be responsible for 'hangover' symptoms.

Gene Wiki entry for ALDH2 Gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 73), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000012.11 NC_018923.2 NT_009775.17

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the ALDH2 gene promoter:
PPAR-alpha PPAR-gamma1 Sp1 p53 FOXJ2 (long isoform) FOXJ2 PPAR-gamma2
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 2): ALDH2 promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for ALDH2

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat ALDH2

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 12q24.2 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 12q24.12 HGNC cytogenetic band: 12q24.12

ALDH2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
ALDH2 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 12 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC12P112205: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	112,204,691 bp from pter	End:	112,247,789 bp from pter
Size:	43,099 bases	Orientation:	plus strand

(According to UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE ¹MOPED, ²PaxDb, and ³MAXQB RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp., Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, LSBio, Abcam, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ALDH2_HUMAN, P05091 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor

Size: 517 amino acids; 56381 Da

Subunit: Homotetramer

Subcellular location: Mitochondrion matrix

Sequence caution: Sequence=AAA62825.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=424, 444, 448, 461; Sequence=CAA68290.1;

Type=Frameshift; Positions=Several; Sequence=CAA68290.1; Type=Miscellaneous discrepancy;

6/24 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for ALDH2 (see all 24):

1CW3 (3D)

1NZW (3D)

1NZX (3D)

1NZZ (3D)

1O00 (3D)

1O01 (3D)

Secondary accessions: B4DW54 E7EUE5 Q03639 Q6IB13 Q6IV71

Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms: P05091-1 P05091-2 (No experimental confirmation available)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for ALDH2: NX_P05091

Explore proteomics data for ALDH2 at MOPED

Post-translational modifications:

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P05091

4/36 DME Specific Peptides for ALDH2 (P05091) (see all 36)

TLELGGK

WKLGPAL

AGSRTFV

VTLELGG

ALDH2 Protein expression data from MOPED¹, PaxDb² and MAXQB³ : About this image

REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts):

NP_000681.2 NP_001191818.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000403349 ENSP00000261733 ENSP00000448179 ENSP00000474669

Reactome Protein details: P05091
Human Recombinant Protein Products for ALDH2:

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
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	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	OriGene Purified Protein for ALDH2 OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate for ALDH2 OriGene MassSpec for ALDH2 OriGene Custom Protein Services for ALDH2
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	Novus Biologicals ALDH2 Proteins Novus Biologicals ALDH2 Lysates
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins Browse Sino Biological Cell Lysates
	ProSpec Recombinant Protein for ALDH2
	Browse Proteins at Cloud-Clone Corp.

Gene Ontology (GO): 1 cellular component term (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005759	mitochondrial matrix	TAS	--

ALDH2 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

ALDH2 Antibody Products:

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	Novus Biologicals ALDH2 Antibodies
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	ThermoFisher Antibody for ALDH2
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Assay Products for ALDH2:

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	Browse ELISAs at Cloud-Clone Corp. Browse CLIAs at Cloud-Clone Corp.

(According to HGNC, IUPHAR, InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

HGNC Gene Families:

ALDH: Aldehyde dehydrogenases

5 InterPro protein domains:

IPR016162 Ald_DH_N

IPR016163 Ald_DH_C

IPR016161 Ald_DH/histidinol_DH

IPR015590 Aldehyde_DH_dom

IPR016160 Ald_DH_CS

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P05091

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P05091

2 Blocks protein domains:

IPB001484 Pyrokinin

IPB002086 Aldehyde dehydrogenase

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ALDH2_HUMAN, P05091

Similarity: Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family

ALDH2 for domains About GeneDecksing

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, inGenious Targeting Laboratory, genOway,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Sirion Biotech, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, and Sirion Biotech, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Molecular Function:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: ALDH2_HUMAN, P05091

Catalytic activity: An aldehyde + NAD(+) + H(2)O = a carboxylate + NADH

Genatlas biochemistry entry for ALDH2:

aldehyde dehydrogenase 2,mitochondrial,E2 isoform

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 1.2.1.3¹ ² EC 1.2.1²

Gene Ontology (GO): 5 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004029	aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD) activity	EXP	--
GO:0004030	aldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity	TAS	8903321
GO:0009055	electron carrier activity	TAS	8903321
GO:0016491	oxidoreductase activity	--	--
GO:0016620	oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor	--	--

ALDH2 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

Phenotypes:
15 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 3 alleles) (MGI details for Aldh2):

behavior/neurological	cellular	growth/size	hematopoietic system	homeostasis/metabolism
immune system	integument	limbs/digits/tail	mortality/aging	nervous system
other	reproductive system	skeleton	tumorigenesis	vision/eye

ALDH2 for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

Animal Models:
MGI mouse knock-out Aldh2^tm1Kaw for ALDH2

inGenious Targeting Laboratory - Custom generated mouse model solutions for ALDH2

inGenious Targeting Laboratory - Custom generated inducible mouse model solutions for ALDH2

genOway customized KO model: permanent, tissue-specific or time-controlled inactivation for ALDH2

genOway customized Knockin model: humanization, point mutation, expression monitoring, etc. for ALDH2

miRNA Products:		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat ALDH2
		Search QIAGEN for miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate ALDH2
		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: ALDH2 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for ALDH2
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat ALDH2

Gene Editing Products:			DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for ALDH2
			Sirion Biotech Customized adenovirus for overexpression of ALDH2

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
		OriGene clones in human, mouse for ALDH2 (see all 7) OriGene ORF clones in mouse, rat for ALDH2 OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 2): ALDH2 (NM_000690)
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Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for ALDH2
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for ALDH2

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for ALDH2

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Sino Biological, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Oct 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

SuperPaths for ALDH2 About (see all 23)

See pathways by source

SuperPath

Contained pathways About

Ifosfamide Pathway, Pharmacodynamics

	Ifosfamide Pathway, Pharmacodynamics	0.72			Ethanol oxidation	0.50
	Cyclophosphamide Pathway, Pharmacodynamics	0.72			Fatty Acid Omega Oxidation	0.47

Tryptophan metabolism

Tryptophan metabolism

0.46

Tryptophan metabolism

0.46

Metabolism

Metabolism

0.40

Metabolic pathways

0.40

phenylalanine utilization

	phenylalanine degradation IV (mammalian, via side chain)	0.70			putrescine degradation III	0.33
	phenylalanine utilization	0.70			noradrenaline and adrenaline degradation	0.31

tryptophan utilization II

	tryptophan utilization II	0.70			serotonin degradation	0.36
	tryptophan utilization I	0.70

Pathways by source See SuperPaths
Show all pathways

1 EMD Millipore Pathway for ALDH2

Retinol metabolism

1 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathway for ALDH2

Retinol metabolism

5/13 BioSystems Pathways for ALDH2 (see all 13)

	ethanol degradation IV
	oxidative ethanol degradation III
	ethanol degradation II
	noradrenaline and adrenaline degradation
	phenylalanine degradation IV (mammalian, via side chain)

5/9 Reactome Pathways for ALDH2 (see all 9)

	Metabolism of serotonin
	Serotonin clearance from the synaptic cleft
	Transmission across Chemical Synapses
	Metabolism
	Neuronal System

2 PharmGKB Pathways for ALDH2

	Cyclophosphamide Pathway, Pharmacodynamics
	Ifosfamide Pathway, Pharmacodynamics

5/14 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for ALDH2) (see all 14):

	Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
	Pentose and glucuronate interconversions
	Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism
	Fatty acid degradation
	Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ALDH2_HUMAN, P05091

Pathway: Alcohol metabolism; ethanol degradation; acetate from ethanol: step 2/2

ALDH2 for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for ALDH2

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/319 Interacting proteins for ALDH2 (P05091^{2, 3} ENSP00000261733⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 319)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
C14orf1	Q9UKR5²^,³	MINT-63389 I2D: score=5
SLC35F6	Q8N357²^,³	MINT-63388 I2D: score=5
UNC119	Q13432²^,³	MINT-63385 I2D: score=5
CRMP1	Q14194²^,³	MINT-63386 I2D: score=4
IGSF21	Q96ID5²^,³	MINT-63387 I2D: score=4

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/10 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 10): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005975	carbohydrate metabolic process	TAS	8903321
GO:0006066	alcohol metabolic process	TAS	1306115
GO:0006068	ethanol catabolic process	IEA	--
GO:0006069	ethanol oxidation	TAS	--
GO:0006805	xenobiotic metabolic process	TAS	--

ALDH2 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, Ligands according to IUPHAR, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

ALDH2 for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Compounds for ALDH2 available from Tocris Bioscience About this table

Compound	Action	CAS #
WIN 18446	ALDH1a2 inhibitor	[1477-57-2]
Alda 1	ALDH2 activator; cardioprotective	[349438-38-6]

10/43 HMDB Compounds for ALDH2 (see all 43) About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
(S)-Methylmalonic acid semialdehyde	(S)-Methylmalonate semialdehyde (see all 3)	99043-16-0	--
2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoic acid	2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoate (see all 7)	6236-08-4	--
2-Propyn-1-al		--	--
20-Oxo-leukotriene E4	20-oxo-LTE(,4) (see all 3)	--	--
20-oxo-leukotriene B4	20-carboxyleukotriene B4	--	--
3-Aminopropionaldehyde	3-Aminopropanal (see all 3)	352-92-1	--
3-Butyn-1-al		52844-23-2	--
3a,7a-Dihydroxy-5b-cholestan-26-al	3a,7a-Dihydroxy-5b-cholestan-26-al;3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-27-al;5beta-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha-diol-27-al;5beta-cholestan-27-al-3alpha,7alpha-diol	--	--
3a,7a-Dihydroxycoprostanic acid	3a,7a-Dihydroxy-5b-cholestan-26-oate (see all 14)	17974-66-2	--
4-Acetamidobutanoic acid	N-Acetyl-4-aminobutanoate (see all 11)	3025-96-5	--

10 DrugBank Compounds for ALDH2 About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
Daidzin	4',7-Dihydroxyisoflavone (see all 8)	552-66-9	target	--	17139284 17016423 10592235
Nicotinamide-Adenine-Dinucleotide	--	53-84-9	target	--	17139284 17016423 10592235
Crotonaldehyde	--	--	target	--	17139284 17016423
Disulfiram	Disulfuram (see all 16)	97-77-8	target	inhibitor	17220694 16051882
Guanidine	Aminomethanamidine (see all 9)	113-00-8	target	--	17139284 17016423
NADH	beta-DPNH (see all 18)	606-68-8	target	--	17488809 16961761
Amyl Nitrite	Amyl nitrosum (see all 6)	110-46-3	enzyme	substrate	20543077
Benzyl alcohol	(Hydroxymethyl)benzene (see all 10)	100-51-6	enzyme	substrate	7645026
Nitric Oxide	--	10102-43-9	enzyme	inhibitor	16242127
Nitroglycerin	Glyceryl trinitrate (see all 7)	55-63-0	enzyme	substrate	20543077

10/61 Novoseek inferred chemical compound relationships for ALDH2 gene (see all 61) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
acetaldehyde	93.7	268	16365683 (5), 18616675 (4), 16403513 (4), 14722101 (4) (see all 99)
daidzin	75.3	28	8433985 (3), 11563931 (3), 9050837 (3), 18613661 (3) (see all 9)
ethanol	75.2	116	19144977 (4), 16316071 (3), 10826103 (3), 8512495 (3) (see all 58)
propionaldehyde	67.3	2	15703303 (1), 17655326 (1)
nitroglycerin	63.4	83	17585900 (5), 16051882 (5), 18272654 (3), 16440063 (3) (see all 21)
retinaldehyde	62	1	10559215 (1)
aldophosphamide	61.2	2	1610409 (2)
rsai	58.1	2	15318112 (1), 11696658 (1)
disulfiram	56.1	8	17980785 (2), 9605433 (2), 9354647 (2), 16051882 (1) (see all 5)
betaine aldehyde	54.7	1	1527093 (1)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about ALDH2

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 236 Homo sapiens; Apr 25 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
Conferences by KenesGroup, exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Sirion Biotech, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for ALDH2 gene (2 alternative transcripts):

NM_000690.3 NM_001204889.1

Unigene Cluster for ALDH2:

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family (mitochondrial)

Hs.604551 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_000690

4 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000416293 ENST00000261733(uc001tst.3 uc010syi.2) ENST00000548536

ENST00000549106

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		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for ALDH2
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat ALDH2
		Sirion Biotech Customized lentivirus for stable overexpression of ALDH2 Customized lentivirus expression plasmids for stable overexpression of ALDH2

Primer Products:		OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for ALDH2 OriGene qSTAR qPCR primer pairs in human, mouse for ALDH2
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat ALDH2
		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat ALDH2
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat ALDH2

Additional mRNA sequence:

AK223373.1 AK301375.1 AK314856.1 AY621070.1 BC002967.1 BC071839.1 CR456991.1 K03001.1

M26760.1 M54931.1 S80262.1 X05409.1 Y00109.1

24 DOTS entries:

DT.100825560 DT.219231 DT.100825566 DT.100825563 DT.100030509 DT.100825574 DT.92458180 DT.95159151

DT.100825577 DT.121177828 DT.92458189 DT.95159142 DT.95159145 DT.100825568 DT.121177818 DT.121177839

DT.92458178 DT.95159116 DT.100825562 DT.121177767 DT.121177793 DT.95159148 DT.92018440 DT.92458173

651 AceView cDNA sequences (see top 24):

CN478497 AI870910 AL043849 AV655407 AL538754 AI865937 AV650275 AI272886

AI160133 BE463837 BU849300 AA715095 AA649842 AI186384 AI632626 AL522212

AI350206 BE502351 BM765860 R53433 W17229 BC003698 CB997156 CF456426

BI771112 CR617194 AI017596 BM982203 BM853466 AA923050 BF725614 AA243179

AY323912 AW105496 CD014082 CD368410 BM760986 BQ648302 BX420523 BE887478

BM766085 AA350808 AA862149 BU626457 BM784026 BQ933288 BC071839 BC015056

CB851098 BM765615 AI261830 BE272838 BQ643713 AA316218 CD515435 F37029

AA332335 BP430017 NM_000690 BQ648251 AA969786 BU732519 BU174018 BQ651870

BX448088 AI146792 AV651965 BM784297 AI056873 BM739192 BM773382 K03001

BI834562 BM765605 AA995393 AV650270 AA677335 AI568300 BG056829 BM702136

CN484903 BQ013909 AV647139 BM986820 BI491284 T08954 AL522848 BQ881103

AI632521 BM702187 BM740979 AI276955 AL531568 AV647132 BM511646 CR618953

BM852361 AV653398 BQ362166 BQ631709 BM993788 CA397701 BI517895 AW188884

BQ083488 BU171977 BM695868 CN479669 AI460073 BQ925300 AI354279 AA548678

CR591627 AA341219 NM_025247 BX488932 AA826948 CR620819 BM992703 AW473980

CR609508 AA973381 BM980181 BP430561 BG743241 AL532964 AL043850 CA424936

BM746224 CB991970 AW102979 BM765982 AW300041 BU687348 BM772876 AL564795

AA350809 CD721913 BM783506 AA830815 BX089391 BP871792 AI090447 M26760

BQ347284 BQ071238 BM784372 BM919125 BM664828 AI564125 AA419072 T72070

AK097425 BU151478 AL548084 AI751738 BU607893 BG696274 AI499010 AV650553

BM782514 BU186773 AY621070 AW020236 AA076429 CB851683 BQ721037 BE048742

AL559753 BF570286 CD609387 CA419108 X05409 CB162312 T28511 BM981746

BE512931 BX453759 AV653686 AI950247 BM991609 AA384097 AV655305 BU617708

N74351 CB269953 BI668048 AA489164 AL521490 AW089862 AL534034 BM677229

N35960 BQ027202 BG564228 R07565 BQ339093 BG740760 BQ433381 AI245370

BI259438 CB268218 H81440 AW149663 AW514959 CB163633 CA444245 CA336043

AI127324 AI672769 BQ708964 AW021522 AA669031 AI268376 BM817955 AL832043

BI913330 AV721915 AI346161 D25565 AI942236 AA936763 AI309739 AW002529

AA857126 AA765002 AI889135 CR456991 AI745184 BM817637 AW594477 W67184

AA305818 CD250420 BG105703 BQ643884 BG703709 CA390961 BI598385 AA565719

AW243409 N27870 AI348381 AV701855 BG428456 BE259405 BQ315616 CB991534

BQ083810 AV659144 BM741106 CB990195 CF272524 CB241032 AV693735 AL530994

BI917012 AV659530 BP346797 BX448087 AA701647 CD609386 BI770469 AI184077

AA435546 CB161783 BM818632 AI884933 BG386210 AL564722 AA687978 BI597143

BI599195 BG696292 AL545580 BQ373341 AV646244 BU689240 AA334335 AL545610

AW851378 T74869 AL529224 AA191502 BX383653 W90656 BQ678707 AA789204

AV657228 BU552540 AV662302 BI599786 AL553428 AK092356 BG332061 BX957030

AA419133 AI052517 AI627757 BI818497 AI190867 BM853139 BX473078 BF311303

AA806909 BQ653982 AA322407 BI668144 CB955700 AW270045 AA700657 BI667488

CD609388 BG700585 AL540170 AI890849 BM739814 AW295020 CB128990 BM786119

CD609389 CF994941 BI463093 BM747449 BP347555 BM562957 BE268288 BG341751

BG328130 CD368353 CB267416 AL576537 AI862132 AI366145 BC002967 AW589506

AV723394 BQ002641 AL532910 BE562170 AL563391 BM851430 CB144887 AI766057

BF569767 AX747497 BU682550 BG706187 BM708164 BG721446 BU732011 BM694407

BQ362168 AI338644 AA548866 AV650644 BQ649410 BQ694149 AA830692 AV653329

AA017217 AV690920 AI418190 AI183979 BM754970 AI857571 AI992012 BF808561

BI226360 AW851241 AA628643 BQ879981 AI279282 BC054886 BI599642 AW768305

BF313441 BQ646098 AV703977 AI268380 AV701585 AI379712 BG744459 BU156710

AV706424 BE396883 Y00109 CD632609 F25106 AI763276 BM769438 AW295074

BG745105 BE049504 BQ632009 AW452861 BF793170 AA828220 C04917 AI984337

AA360052 AI339715 CB269884 BI914151 BE269992 BU177658 BG705866 BE544889

BQ648143 BM760214 AA351250 AW081518 AA581431 BM826605 BM745881 AL521592

CK823916 CB962070 N40645 BF968248 BQ927465 BG740249 AA026147 R53432

AV660163 W67240 AW954725 AI367322 AV721790 AV687009 BF826694 W67378

AV693532 BM664881 BM544143 AV650656 BF206393 BM729983 BF314445 AW589517

BU570603 AA326036 BM906563 AW821725 AA705896 AI815475 AI634926 AA758787

BP349729 BF115704 AA496388 AI491735 CO245288 BM012188 AI765605 N89731

AV704569 BG984725 BQ324900 BG490346 AL518832 AA404250 AV691479 BF314378

BF344529 BG980589 AW294795 BM721621 AV684856 AK021975 AV686137 AV646965

BI765606 BM744361 AA012947 BG490305 AA738185 AA788867 BG900019 AV652430

M54931 BQ693976 BQ339092 CA394715 AW884076 BM981965 BQ718952 AV646976

AA037614 AA345444 AA394012 AV653327 T74921 BQ353001 AI004249 BQ373340

AA410613 AV720989 AI050927 AW264657 AU120197 AI131041 AA341546 BF114908

BE857218 AV684344 BG707081 BE893574 H75881 CB048182 BI497015 BQ648530

BU623183 AI092061 AV693007 AV707850 AI951757 AW079838 AA319913 BG707510

W84741 N74405 BI548184 AW026717 F27665 AV685898 AA434407 BQ315615

AV684039 R07512 AA017310 T60310 BM144813 BG899576 BQ352997 AL548048

AW136569 AL045357 W67263 BQ339279 AA977930 AV694283 BM011561 BE049508

AV683922 W84766 H75747 T03708 AL521489 CD695889 AW874009 AL045358

BI919205 AI351723 N92748 W19404 C75356 AA243240 AA027226 AA805610

AL565353 AA862409 AA618520 AI632515 AV687674 BQ324100 AV684238 AW977100

AA336569 AW966987 AV659016 BI226597 BG705999 BI601649 AA669174 BM477788

BG370163 AL531567 CB267160 AW269253 AA604066 AW900642 AI907063 BQ353667

CD102576 AI547271 AA341892 AV691637 AL568263 BF335423 AW664614 CD357303

BX410187 AA568841 AA037613 AV658732 BQ324098 AL522211 AV689772 AA404700

T26508 R35319 AI610783 T95776 AA434505 AV726621 BG950099 BF035140

AL521593 H42315 AA316472 BQ353737 BE786079 BI518173 H41079 BQ352998

BQ679489 BM047696 AL538753 BQ682187 T39905 N85268 BQ319167 AV749998

BX422479 C21226 BQ364637 AW953291 BG538384 AL581304 BF947255 BQ324097

AW367449 BF854738 T55826 AW438690 BF754711 BQ350772 AA013041 H43081

BQ350990 BG370158 AW960865 T64759 BG315393 AL522847 BE259963 H67138

T95777 BE168955 AL518833

GeneLoc Exon Structure

4 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for ALDH2 About this scheme

ExUns:	1a	·	1b	^	2	^	3	^	4a	·	4b	^	5	^	6a	·	6b	^	7	^	8	^	9	^	10a	·	10b	^	11	^	12	^	13	^	14a	·	14b	·	14c
SP1:
SP2:					-
SP3:					-						-		-		-
SP4:																															-

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for ALDH2

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

ALDH2 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities) ALDH2 embryonic expression: see
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS <intensity>^2/3
CGAP TAG: GTGGGTTGGC

About this image

ALDH2 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells About this table

Data from LifeMap, the Embryonic Development and Stem Cells Database

5/24 selected tissues (see all 24) fully expand


Brain (Nervous System) fully expand to see all 8 entries
Adult Endothelial Cells Blood Brain Barrier
Thalamus
brain/midbrain

Lower Urinary Tract (Urinary System) fully expand to see all 3 entries
urinary bladder ; urothelial cells
visceral organ

Colon (Gastrointestinal Tract) fully expand to see all 3 entries
colon ; peripheral nerve/ganglion

Neural Tube (Nervous System) fully expand to see all 3 entries
Metencephalon

Blood (Hematopoietic System) fully expand to see all 2 entries
Granulocytes Peripheral Blood
lung ; macrophages

See ALDH2 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for ALDH2

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.604551

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including ALDH2:

Fatty Acid Metabolism in human mouse rat

Amino Acid Metabolism II in human mouse rat

Drug Metabolism: Phase I Enzymes in human mouse rat

Stem Cells in human mouse rat

Molecular Toxicology PathwayFinder 384HT in human mouse rat

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(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

Orthologs for ALDH2 gene from 9/21 species (see all 21) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
mouse (Mus musculus)	Mammalia	Aldh2^{1 , 5}	aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial^{1, 5}	86.82(n)¹ 95.54(a)¹		5 (61.86 cM)⁵ 11669¹ NM_009656.3¹ NP_033786.1¹ 121566027⁵
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	ALDH2¹	aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family (mitochondrial)	76.55(n) 85.85(a)		416880 XM_415171.3 XP_415171.3
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	--	Uncharacterized protein	80(a)	1 → many	GL343282.1(19269-33915)
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	AY398308.1²	--	76.43(n)		AY398308.1
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	CG3752³ Aldh¹	aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+)³ Aldehyde dehydrogenase¹	68(a)³ 68.27(n)¹ 71.54(a)¹		30B3³ 34256¹ NM_135441.2¹ NP_609285.1¹
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)	Secernentea	alh-1¹	Protein ALH-1	61.82(n) 67.93(a)		175691 NM_065680.4 NP_498081.2
baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)	Saccharomycetes	ALD5(YER073W)⁴ ALD4¹	Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase, involved in regulation more⁴ Ald4p¹	55.81(n)¹ 51.8(a)¹		5(304030-305592)⁴ 854556¹ NP_015019.1¹ 856804⁴ NP_010996.1⁴
thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)	eudicotyledons	ALDH2B4¹	aldehyde dehydrogenase 2B4	60.03(n) 63.04(a)		823955 NM_114669.3 NP_190383.1
corn (Zea mays)	Liliopsida	AY106673.1²	--	73.81(n)		AY106673.1

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for ALDH2 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for ALDH2 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for ALDH2 gene

ALDH1L2² ALDH1A1² ENSG00000257767² ALDH1A2² ALDH1B1² ALDH7A1² ALDH6A1² ALDH8A1²

ALDH9A1² ALDH1L1² ALDH1A3²

13 SIMAP similar genes for ALDH2 using alignment to 8 protein entries: ALDH2_HUMAN (see all proteins):

ALDH1A2 ALDH1A1 ALDH1B1 ALDH1A3 DKFZp686G1675 ALDH1L1

ALDH1L2 ALDH9A1 ALDH8A1 ALDH5A1 ALDH6A1 ALDH7A1

ALDH3A1

ALDH2 for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, ⁴UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ALDH2_HUMAN, P05091

Polymorphism: Genetic variation in ALDH2 is responsible for individual differences in responses to drinking

alcohol [MIM:610251]. Allele ALDH2*2 is associated with a very high incidence of acute alcohol intoxication in

Orientals and South American Indians, as compared to Caucasians

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 12 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs671^1,2,4	C,F,H	drug-response¹	112037845(+)	`ACACTG/AAAGTG`	4	/K /E	mis¹ ese³		26		MN CA NS EA NA	2426
VAR_011302⁴		--	--	see VAR_011302	2	E K	mis⁴		0	--	--	--	--
rs55737128^1,2	C,F	--	111998816(+)	`GCCTCA/GCCTTC`	2	--	us2k¹		2		WA	120
rs149653753^1,2		--	111998866(+)	`CTAAT-/TGTG TGTGT`	2	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs60879478^1,2	C	--	111998867(+)	`TAATT-/G/GTGTGTGT GTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGT`	4	--	us2k¹ cds¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs143259494^1,2		--	111998962(+)	`GGTCTC/TGAACT`	2	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs188946187^1,2		--	111998987(+)	`ATCTAA/CCCGCC`	2	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs147513328^1,2		--	111998990(+)	`TACCCA/GCCTCA`	2	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs193056481^1,2		--	111999047(+)	`AGCCTA/CATTTC`	2	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs185042017^1,2		--	111999278(+)	`TGGCAC/TGGTGG`	2	--	us2k¹		0	--	--	--	--

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for ALDH2 (112204691 - 112247789 bp)

Structural Variations
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) 4 variations for ALDH2: About this table

Variant ID	Type	Subtype	PubMed ID
nsv515716	CNV	Gain	19592680
nsv470317	CNV	Gain	18288195
dgv1492n71	CNV	Gain	21882294
nsv455715	CNV	Gain	19166990

Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): ALDH2

Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB): ALDH2

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing ALDH2

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for ALDH2

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Conferences by KenesGroup, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

OMIM gene information: 100650
OMIM disorders: 610251
20/81 diseases for ALDH2 (see all 81):    About MalaCards

hangover alcohol sensitivity, acute alcoholic neuropathy alcoholic liver cirrhosis

alcoholic cardiomyopathy alcohol dependence oral cavity cancer alcoholism

alcohol abuse gout liver cirrhosis antisocial personality disorder

fetal alcohol syndrome atrophic gastritis personality disorder retinopathy of prematurity

cardiovascular disease risk factor ) alcoholic pancreatitis esophageal squamous cell carcinoma gastroduodenitis

5 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for ALDH2:

Alcohol dependence Esophageal cancer Substance abuse Liver disease

Squamous cell carcinoma

ALDH2 for disorders About GeneDecksing

Congresses - knowledge worth sharing:
Alzheimer's & Parkinson's Diseases Congress (ADPD) 18 - 22 March 2015

10/56 Novoseek inferred disease relationships for ALDH2 gene (see all 56) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
alcoholism	83.4	127	7625477 (5), 10803776 (4), 1492799 (4), 7573775 (3) (see all 59)
liver diseases alcoholic	66.3	20	11410736 (5), 15519646 (2), 8986242 (1), 8591846 (1) (see all 10)
pancreatitis alcoholic	60.7	7	11117576 (2), 8985275 (1), 8986224 (1), 10235286 (1) (see all 5)
alcohol abuse	56.6	2	19251111 (1)
alcoholic cirrhosis	54.8	7	12824748 (1), 15220553 (1), 8845660 (1), 11748356 (1) (see all 5)
alcoholic neuropathy	52.6	3	15182962 (2), 15542751 (1)
macrocytosis	51.1	2	16759795 (1), 17295873 (1)
smoking habit	47.2	9	15714130 (3), 18216179 (2), 8903472 (2), 17207821 (1)
carcinoma squamous cell	43.5	18	16759795 (2), 16639733 (2), 16499490 (2), 18322963 (2) (see all 12)
genetic susceptibility	41.6	1	19449376 (1)

Genatlas disease: ALDH2

facial flushing reaction to alcohol

Genetic Association Database (GAD): ALDH2
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: ALDH2 (303 documents)

Export disorders for ALDH2 gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for ALDH2 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 684):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with ALDH2)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Cloning of cDNAs for human aldehyde dehydrogenases 1 and 2. (PubMed id 2987944)^{1, 2, 3} Hsu L.C.... Yoshida A. (1985)
Molecular abnormality and cDNA cloning of human aldehyde dehydrogenases. (PubMed id 4015823)^{1, 2, 3} Yoshida A.... Tani K. (1985)
Meta-analysis of three diabetes population studies: association of inactive ALDH2 genotype with maternal inheritance of diabetes. (PubMed id 15563966)^{1, 4, 9} Murata C....Suzuki Y. (2004)
Association between personality traits and ALDH2 polymorphism in Japanese male alcoholics. (PubMed id 19298328)^{1, 4, 9} Kimura M....Kashima H. (2009)
Genetic association between aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) variation and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) among non-drinkers in two large population samples in Japan. (PubMed id 18776700)^{1, 4, 9} Wada M....Kato T. (2008)
Aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 genotypes and HLA haplotypes in Japanese patients with esophageal cancer. (PubMed id 12168074)^{1, 4, 9} Watanabe S....Kuriyama S. (2002)
Salivary Acetaldehyde Concentration According to Alcoholic Beverage Consumed and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase-2 Genotype. (PubMed id 18616675)^{1, 4, 9} Yokoyama A....Yokoyama T. (2008)
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 and beta3-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms: their association with elevated liver enzymes and metabolic syndrome. (PubMed id 14506613)^{1, 4, 9} Murata C....Okazaki I. (2003)
Genetic polymorphisms in cytochrome P4502E1, alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Gansu Chinese males. (PubMed id 18322963)^{1, 4, 9} Guo Y.M....Guo Q.H. (2008)
Interactive effects of lifetime alcohol consumption and alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase polymorphisms on esophageal cancer risks. (PubMed id 17036331)^{1, 4, 9} Chen Y.J....Wu M.T. (2006)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 217	HGNC: 404	AceView: ALDH2andACAD10	Ensembl:ENSG00000111275	euGenes: HUgn217
ECgene: ALDH2	Kegg: 217	H-InvDB: ALDH2

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for ALDH2	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for ALDH2	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

Intellectual Property for ALDH2 gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

About This Section

Patent Information for ALDH2 gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving ALDH2

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Cloud-Clone Corp., Thermo Fisher Scientific, LSBio, Gene Editing from DNA2.0 and Sirion Biotech, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Sirion Biotech, Cell lines from GenScript, and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences, In Situ Hybridization Assays from
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	Abcam protocols and scientific support

Recombinant Protein for ALDH2

	Browse Proteins at Cloud-Clone Corp.
	Browse Antibodies at Cloud-Clone Corp.
	Browse ELISAs at Cloud-Clone Corp.
	Browse CLIAs at Cloud-Clone Corp.

Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for ALDH2

	Gene Synthesis
	Protein Engineering
	Variant Library Synthesis
	Codon Optimization
	Protein Production and Purification

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for ALDH2

	SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids for ALDH2
	SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids for ALDH2

ThermoFisher Antibody for ALDH2

Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat ALDH2

	inGenious Targeting Laboratory - Custom generated mouse model solutions for ALDH2
	inGenious Targeting Laboratory - Custom generated inducible mouse model solutions for ALDH2

Customized:

	lentivirus for stable overexpression of ALDH2
	lentivirus expression plasmids for stable overexpression of ALDH2
	adenovirus for overexpression of ALDH2

LSBio Antibodies in human, mouse, rat for ALDH2

Customized transgenic rodents for:

	Humanization
	Biomarker expression
	Off-target effect monitoring
	Translational medicine
	Tissue-specific gene expresssion
	Time-controlled gene expresssion

GeneCards Homepage - Last full update: 23 Oct 2013 - Incrementals: 3 Nov 2013 , 7 Nov 2013 , 23 Jan 2014

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Category			TGFB1 (GIFtS: 73) transforming growth factor, beta 1
GIFtS Group

The GeneCards human gene database gene index: 1 3 5 6 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

The GeneCards Human Gene Database

Developed at the Crown Human Genome Center, Department of Molecular Genetics, the Weizmann Institute of Science

Hot genes Disease genes ALDH2 gene at Home site.

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ALDH2 Gene

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Family (Mitochondrial)

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ALDH2 Gene

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Family (Mitochondrial)

Aliasesfor ALDH2 gene

Summariesfor ALDH2 gene

Genomic Viewsfor ALDH2 gene

Proteinsfor ALDH2 gene

Protein Domains /Familiesfor ALDH2 gene

Functionfor ALDH2 gene

Pathways & Interactionsfor ALDH2 gene

Drugs & Compoundsfor ALDH2 gene

Transcriptsfor ALDH2 gene

Expression for ALDH2 gene

Orthologsfor ALDH2 gene

Paralogsfor ALDH2 gene

Genomic Variantsfor ALDH2 gene

Disorders / Diseasesfor ALDH2 gene

Publicationsfor ALDH2 gene

External Searches for ALDH2 gene

Genome Databases showing ALDH2 gene

Other Databases showing ALDH2 gene

Specialized Databases showing ALDH2 gene

Intellectual Propertyfor ALDH2 gene

Productsfor ALDH2 gene

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Aliases
for ALDH2 gene

Summaries
for ALDH2 gene

Genomic Views
for ALDH2 gene

Proteins
for ALDH2 gene

Protein Domains /
Families
for ALDH2 gene

Function
for ALDH2 gene

Pathways & Interactions
for ALDH2 gene

Drugs & Compounds
for ALDH2 gene

Transcripts
for ALDH2 gene

Expression
for ALDH2 gene

Orthologs
for ALDH2 gene

Paralogs
for ALDH2 gene

Genomic Variants
for ALDH2 gene

Disorders / Diseases
for ALDH2 gene

Publications
for ALDH2 gene

Intellectual Property
for ALDH2 gene

Products
for ALDH2 gene