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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

AFP Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 63
GCID: GC04P074298

alpha-fetoprotein


(Previous symbol: HPAFP)
 Explore 191 diseases affiliated with
AFP via
MalaCards
our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for AFP    

Aliases
for AFP gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Alpha-Fetoprotein1     Alpha-Fetoglobulin1
HPAFP1 2 3     Alpha-1-Fetoprotein1
FETA1 2     Alpha-Fetoglobulin1
Alpha-1-Fetoprotein1     HP5

External Ids:    HGNC: 3171   Entrez Gene: 1742   Ensembl: ENSG000000810517   OMIM: 1041505   UniProtKB: P027713   

Export aliases for AFP gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC04P074291 GC04P074541 GC04P074703 GC04P074768 GC04P074666 GC04P070113


Summaries
for AFP gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for AFP:
This gene encodes alpha-fetoprotein, a major plasma protein produced by the yolk sac and the liver during fetal life.
Alpha-fetoprotein expression in adults is often associated with hepatoma or teratoma. However, hereditary persistance
of alpha-fetoprotein may also be found in individuals with no obvious pathology. The protein is thought to be the
fetal counterpart of serum albumin, and the alpha-fetoprotein and albumin genes are present in tandem in the same
transcriptional orientation on chromosome 4. Alpha-fetoprotein is found in monomeric as well as dimeric and trimeric
forms, and binds copper, nickel, fatty acids and bilirubin. The level of alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid is used
to measure renal loss of protein to screen for spina bifida and anencephaly. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: FETA_HUMAN, P02771
Function: Binds copper, nickel, and fatty acids as well as, and bilirubin less well than, serum albumin. Only a small
percentage (less than 2%) of the human AFP shows estrogen-binding properties

Gene Wiki entry for AFP (Alpha-fetoprotein)


Genomic Views
for AFP gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000004.11  NC_018915.1  NT_022778.16  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the AFP gene promoter:
         MEF-2A   CUTL1   Nkx2-5   Pax-4a   C/EBPalpha   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: AFP promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for AFP

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat AFP


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 4q13.3   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  4q13.3   HGNC cytogenetic band: 4q13.3

AFP Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
AFP gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 4         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC04P074298:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 74,296,855 bp from pter      End:
 74,321,891 bp from pter
Size:
 25,037 bases      Orientation:
 plus strand

Proteins
for AFP gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: FETA_HUMAN, P02771 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Alpha-fetoprotein precursor  
Size: 609 amino acids; 68678 Da
Subunit: Dimeric and trimeric forms have been found in addition to the monomeric form
Subcellular location: Secreted
Developmental stage: Occurs in the plasma of fetuses more than 4 weeks old, reaches the highest levels during the
12th-16th week of gestation, and drops to trace amounts after birth. The serum level in adults is usually less than 40
ng/ml. AFP occurs also at high levels in the plasma and ascitic fluid of adults with hepatoma
1 PDB 3D structure from and Proteopedia for AFP:
3MRK (3D)    
Secondary accessions: B2RBU3

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for AFP: NX_P02771

Post-translational modifications:

  • Independent studies suggest heterogeneity of the N-terminal sequence of the mature protein and of the cleavage site of
    • the signal sequence1
  • Sulfated1
  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P02771

    • AFP Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins: NP_001125.1  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000379138   ENSP00000226359  

    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
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    OriGene Purified Protein: AFP
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    Novus Biologicals AFP Proteins
    Novus Biologicals AFP Lysates
    Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
    ProSpec Recombinant Protein for AFP
    Browse Proteins at Uscn

    Gene Ontology (GO): 2 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005615extracellular space IEA--
    GO:0005737cytoplasm IEA--


    AFP for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    AFP Antibody Products: 
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    Assay Products for AFP: 
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    Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
    Browse ELISAs and CLIAs at Uscn

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for AFP gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    AFP for domains           About GeneDecksing

    5/6 InterPro domains/families (see all 6):
     IPR020858 Serum_albumin-like
     IPR000264 Serum_albumin
     IPR001703 Alpha-fetoprotein
     IPR014760 Serum_albumin_N
     IPR020857 Serum_albumin_CS

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P02771

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P02771

    2 Blocks protein families:
    IPB000264 Serum albumin family
    IPB001703 Alpha-fetoprotein signature


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: FETA_HUMAN, P02771
    Similarity: Belongs to the ALB/AFP/VDB family
    Similarity: Contains 3 albumin domains


    Function
    for AFP gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: FETA_HUMAN, P02771
    Function: Binds copper, nickel, and fatty acids as well as, and bilirubin less well than, serum albumin. Only a small
    percentage (less than 2%) of the human AFP shows estrogen-binding properties

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for AFP:
    alpha-fetoprotein

    miRNA
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    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat AFP
    4 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate AFP:
    hsa-miR-1270 hsa-miR-942 hsa-miR-620 hsa-miR-1236
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: AFP 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:            		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for AFP (see all 7)
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    Gene Editing
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    Clone
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    Cell Line
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    In Situ Assay
    Products:       
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for AFP

    Gene Ontology (GO): 1 molecular function term (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0046872metal ion binding IEA--


    AFP for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    2 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for AFP:
     Increased G1 DNA content  Increased HPV18 LCR reporter a 

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-out Afp/AlbAfp/tm1.1Brts for AFP
         6 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 4 alleles) (MGI details for Afp):
     behavior/neurological  endocrine/exocrine gland  homeostasis/metabolism  mortality/aging  reproductive system 
     tumorigenesis 

    AFP for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    Pathways & Interactions
    for AFP gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways  About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Glucocorticoid receptor regulatory network
    		Glucocorticoid receptor regulatory network1.00
    2Direct p53 effectors
    		Direct p53 effectors1.00
    3FOXA2 and FOXA3 transcription factor networks
    		FOXA2 and FOXA3 transcription factor networks1.00
    4Wnt / Hedgehog / Notch
    		Wnt / Hedgehog / Notch1.00

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways


    1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for AFP
        Wnt / Hedgehog / Notch

    3 BioSystems Pathways for AFP 
        Glucocorticoid receptor regulatory network
    Direct p53 effectors
    FOXA2 and FOXA3 transcription factor networks



    AFP for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for AFP

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 16)

    5/19 Interacting proteins for AFP (P027712, 3 ENSP000002263594) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 19)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    SGSM2O431472, 3MINT-64867 I2D: score=5 
    CCR5P516813, ENSP000002923034I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000292303
    HLA-BP304803, ENSP000003991684I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000399168
    STAMBPO956303, ENSP000003447424I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000344742
    CASP3P425743I2D: score=1 
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/9 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 9):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0001542ovulation from ovarian follicle IEA--
    GO:0001889liver development ----
    GO:0006810transport IEA--
    GO:0010033response to organic substance ----
    GO:0019953sexual reproduction ----


    AFP for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for AFP gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    AFP for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for AFP

    3 HMDB Compounds for AFP    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    Bilirubin(4Z,15Z)-Bilirubin IXa (see all 17)635-65-4--
    CopperCu (see all 2)7440-50-8--
    NickelCarbonyl nickel powder (see all 19)7440-02-0--
    10/116 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for AFP gene (see all 116)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    oestriol 87.2 65 9795869 (2), 7479589 (1), 8904471 (1), 10589060 (1) (see all 62)
    lipiodol 71.6 10 11895553 (2), 16258102 (1), 16333675 (1), 7511068 (1) (see all 7)
    nitrazine 63 12 1695510 (5), 8902437 (4), 7586524 (3)
    cisplatin 61 25 18260360 (3), 1708922 (1), 1377669 (1), 7506867 (1) (see all 17)
    bleomycin 57.4 7 8863237 (1), 18260360 (1), 1384296 (1), 1382827 (1) (see all 6)
    etoposide 53.8 15 18260360 (2), 7506867 (1), 8863237 (1), 1382827 (1) (see all 10)
    smancs 45.8 17 9512693 (4)
    ntbc 44.7 2 17008115 (2)
    adriamycin 41 15 1380075 (2), 1711147 (1), 1691730 (1), 8667626 (1) (see all 5)
    cis-diaminodichloroplatinum 38.4 2 8391290 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about AFP / FETA 

    Transcripts
    for AFP gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for AFP gene: 
    NM_001134.1  

    Unigene Cluster for AFP:

    Alpha-fetoprotein
    Hs.518808  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: BC027881
    7 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000513720 ENST00000515675(uc003hgy.1) ENST00000395792(uc003hgz.1 uc011cbg.1)
    ENST00000226359 ENST00000508838 ENST00000514279 ENST00000506820

    miRNA
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    4 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate AFP:
    hsa-miR-1270 hsa-miR-942 hsa-miR-620 hsa-miR-1236
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: AFP 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:             		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for AFP (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: AFP
    OriGene siRNA: AFP
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat AFP
    Clone
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    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for AFP
    OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling 
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: AFP (NM_001134)
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for AFP
    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat AFP 
    Primer
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      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat AFP

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AF484525.1 AF484526.1 AK297669.1 AK297674.1 AK314817.1 BC027881.1 V01514.1 

    21 DOTS entries:

    DT.95165242  DT.100871902  DT.449398  DT.100871898  DT.121276106  DT.100871901  DT.100871907  DT.121276084 
    DT.100871914  DT.92458729  DT.95165257  DT.121276107  DT.75179602  DT.92458727  DT.95165243  DT.95165265 
    DT.100651994  DT.100871911  DT.121276061  DT.92458758  DT.95165245 

    24/535 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 535):

    AA333734 T39698 AW205807 BX423702 R08931 AI365338 AU120955 BX346092 
    BX445321 CR616557 AU120127 AL531609 CR618771 AU121141 AA334542 CR625429 
    BX426750 AU120294 AL531742 AU121005 CR608054 AW594198 AA305103 AA333822 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure


    Expression
    for AFP gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    AFP expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: AATATTCAAG

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)
    About this image

    AFP expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table
    10/29 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells (see all 29) 
    Tissue Anatomical Compartment CellCategory (developmental path)
    EndodermDefinitive EndodermDefinitive Endoderm CellsEarly Embryo, Endoderm
    Gut TubeVentral Foregut EndodermHepatic Endoderm CellsLiver
    HypoblastExtraembryonic EndodermExtraembryonic Endoderm CellsExtraembryonic Tissues, Yolk Sac
    LiverHepatic DiverticulumHepatic Diverticulum CellsLiver
    LiverLiver BudHepatoblastsLiver
    LiverLiver LobuleFetal HepatocytesLiver
    Primitive StreakAnterior Primitive StreakEndoderm Progenitor CellsEarly Embryo
    HypoblastExtraembryonic Visceral EndodermExtraembryonic Visceral Endoderm CellsExtraembryonic Tissues, Yolk Sac
    LiverLiver LobuleHepatocytesLiver
    LiverLiver LobuleMature HepatocytesLiver
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization
    Stem Cell Differentiation: 10/21 LifeMap Cells (see all 21) 
    NameCategory
    Extra-embryonic endoderm cells (Fetal Stem / Progenitor Cell)Extraembryonic Tissues
    Immature hepatocyte-like cells (Generation of hepato...)
    Hepatocyte-like cells (Mouse embryonic stem...)
    Endoderm-like cells (Derivation of pancre...)
    Hepatocyte-like cells (Functional hepatocyt...)
    Hepatic progenitor cells (Functional hepatocyt...)
    Immature hepatocytes (Functional, immature...)
    Immature hepatocyte-like cells (Hepatocyte-like cell...)
    Early hepatocyte like-cells (Hepatocyte-like cell...)
    Neuroectoderm-like cells (Motor neuron differe...)

    See AFP Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for AFP

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.518808

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: FETA_HUMAN, P02771
    Tissue specificity: Plasma. Synthesized by the fetal liver and yolk sac

        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Array including AFP: 
              Embryonic Stem Cells in human mouse rat

    Primer
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    In Situ
    Assay Products:     
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for AFP

    Orthologs
    for AFP gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

    Orthologs for AFP gene from 3/9 species (see all 9)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves AFP1 alpha-fetoprotein 57.77(n)
    43.73(a)    		   422652  XM_003641200.1  XP_003641248.1 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia --
    --
    		 --
    		 39(a)
    36(a)
    		 many ↔ many
    many ↔ many
    		 GL343253.1(499069-512404)
    GL343253.1(478702-490825)
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii gc6
    		 group-specific component (vitamin D binding protei...
    		 16(a)
    		 1 → many
    		 5(47282879-47303096)


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for AFP (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for AFP (if available) 

    Paralogs
    for AFP gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for AFP gene
    AFM2  ALB2  GC2  
    2 SIMAP similar genes for AFP using alignment to 2 protein entries:     FETA_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    AFM    ALB

    AFP for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for AFP gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): AFP
    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
    Search QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing AFP
    DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for AFP

    Disorders / Diseases
    for AFP gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    AFP for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 104150    OMIM disorders: --

    20/191 diseases for AFP (see all 191):    About MalaCards
    hereditary persistence of alpha-fetoprotein    spina bifida    teratoma    anencephaly
    cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita    testicular yolk sac tumor    twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome    sertoli-leydig cell tumor
    ataxia-ocular apraxia    oculomotor apraxia    afp deficiency, congenital    neural tube defect
    twin twin transfusion syndrome    alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency    extragonadal germ cell tumor    germ cell tumor
    21-hydroxylase deficiency    portal vein thrombosis    central nervous system germ cell tumor    rh isoimmunization

    20/33 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for AFP (see all 33):
    Hepatocellular carcinoma     Liver cirrhosis     Down syndrome     Endodermal sinus tumor
    Teratoma     Hepatoblastoma     Hepatitis B     Spina bifida
    Hepatitis     Testicular cancer     Edwards syndrome     Seminoma
    Carcinoma     Embryonal carcinoma     Portal vein thrombosis     Gastroschisis
    Oligohydramnios     Cholangiocarcinoma     Patau syndrome     Cystic lymphangioma

    10/94 Novoseek disease relationships for AFP gene (see all 94)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    hepatocellular carcinoma 94.3 660 17250819 (8), 12834318 (7), 7686840 (5), 9754243 (5) (see all 99)
    yolk sac tumor 90.1 67 15924879 (3), 17197899 (3), 1691611 (3), 9094031 (2) (see all 46)
    down syndrome 82.6 223 9639764 (5), 8649703 (5), 19777489 (5), 11679535 (4) (see all 99)
    hepatoblastoma 80.4 65 9094031 (4), 10626849 (4), 18525464 (3), 17535089 (2) (see all 36)
    cirrhosis 79.6 177 19968979 (6), 15004489 (3), 9166938 (3), 17214153 (3) (see all 99)
    liver cirrhosis 79.4 102 10355508 (5), 1717126 (5), 17288606 (3), 1709347 (2) (see all 75)
    tumors 79 1405 8646674 (6), 9118030 (4), 12209753 (4), 9422080 (4) (see all 99)
    teratoma 76.7 48 10386812 (3), 19493258 (2), 9258169 (2), 11745252 (2) (see all 34)
    carcinoma embryonal 72.5 15 10386812 (3), 8952646 (2), 9784334 (1), 19461507 (1) (see all 12)
    chronic liver disease 71.5 59 11149026 (5), 7690873 (2), 10365905 (2), 16273636 (2) (see all 42)

    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: AFP (13 documents)

    Export disorders for AFP gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for AFP gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for AFP gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 1797):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with AFP)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. A G-->A substitution in an HNF I binding site in the human alpha- fetoprotein gene is associated with hereditary persistence of alpha- fetoprotein (HPAFP). (PubMed id 7684942)1, 2, 9 McVey J.H.... Tuddenham E.G.D. (1993)
    2. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
    3. Human alpha-fetoprotein primary structure: a mass spectrometric study. (PubMed id 1709810)1, 2 Pucci P.... Terrana B. (1991)
    4. Structure, polymorphism, and novel repeated DNA elements revealed by a complete sequence of the human alpha-fetoprotein gene. (PubMed id 2436661)1, 2 Gibbs P.E.M.... Dugaiczyk A. (1987)
    5. The human alpha-fetoprotein gene. Sequence organization and the 5' flanking region. (PubMed id 2580830)1, 2 Sakai M....Tamaoki T. (1985)
    6. Tyrosine sulfation of proteins from the human hepatoma cell line HepG2. (PubMed id 2414772)1, 2 Liu M.C.... Lipmann F. (1985)
    7. Primary structures of human alpha-fetoprotein and its mRNA. (PubMed id 6192439)1, 2 Morinaga T.... Tamaoki T. (1983)
    8. Structure and evolution of human alpha-fetoprotein deduced from partial sequence of cloned cDNA. (PubMed id 6187626)1, 2 Beattie W.G. and Dugaiczyk A. (1982)
    9. Alpha-Fetoprotein as a carrier protein in plasma and its bilirubin- binding ability. (PubMed id 89900)1, 2 Aoyagi Y.... Ichida F. (1979)
    10. Copper(II)-binding ability of human alpha-fetoprotein. (PubMed id 80265)1, 2 Aoyagi Y.... Ichida F. (1978)

    External Searches for AFP gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
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    Genome Databases showing AFP gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 174 HGNC: 317 AceView: AFP Ensembl:ENSG00000081051 euGenes: HUgn174
    ECgene: AFP H-InvDB: AFP

    Other Databases showing AFP gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing AFP gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for AFP Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-fetoprotein

    Intellectual Property
    for AFP gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for AFP gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving AFP

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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