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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

ADORA2A Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 68
GCID: GC22P024813

adenosine A2a receptor


(Previous symbol: ADORA2)
 Explore 67 diseases affiliated with
ADORA2A via
MalaCards
our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for ADORA2A    

Aliases
for ADORA2A gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Adenosine A2a Receptor1 2     Adenosine Receptor A2a2
ADORA21 2 3     Adenosine Receptor Subtype A2a2
RDC81 2     HA2aR1
Adenosine A2 Receptor2     

External Ids:    HGNC: 2631   Entrez Gene: 1352   Ensembl: ENSG000001282717   OMIM: 1027765   UniProtKB: P292743   

Export aliases for ADORA2A gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC22P021519 GC22P023148 GC22P023153 GC22P022997 GC22P007773


Summaries
for ADORA2A gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for ADORA2A:
This gene encodes a protein which is one of several receptor subtypes for adenosine. The activity of the encoded
protein, a G-protein coupled receptor family member, is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase. The
encoded protein is abundant in basal ganglia, vasculature and platelets and it is a major target of caffeine.
(provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: AA2AR_HUMAN, P29274
Function: Receptor for adenosine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl
cyclase

summary for ADORA2A:
Adenosine A2A receptors are members of the adenosine receptor group of G-protein-coupled receptors that also
includes A1, A2B and A3. A2A receptors display high expression levels in the spleen, thymus, leukocytes,
blood platelets, striatopallidal GABAergic neurons and the olfactory bulb. Lower expression levels are also
found in the heart, lungs and blood vessels. A2A receptors mediate a sustained cardioprotective function
during cardiac ischemia, inhibit neutrophil degranulation in neutrophil-mediated tissue injury and have been
implicated in both neuroprotective and neurodegenerative effects. The human A2A receptor gene is localized
on chromosome 22 (22q11.23).

Gene Wiki entry for ADORA2A (Adenosine A2A receptor)


Genomic Views
for ADORA2A gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000022.10  NC_018933.1  NT_011520.12  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the ADORA2A gene promoter:
         SRF   STAT1   Pax-5   SRF (504 AA)   NF-kappaB   GATA-2   PPAR-alpha   NF-kappaB2   Zic1   NF-kappaB1   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 5): ADORA2A promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for ADORA2A

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat ADORA2A


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 22q11.23   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  22q11.23   HGNC cytogenetic band: 22q11.23

ADORA2A Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
ADORA2A gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 22         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC22P024813:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 24,813,847 bp from pter      End:
 24,838,328 bp from pter
Size:
 24,482 bases      Orientation:
 plus strand

Proteins
for ADORA2A gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: AA2AR_HUMAN, P29274 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Adenosine receptor A2a  
Size: 412 amino acids; 44707 Da
Subunit: Interacts (via cytoplasmic C-terminal domain) with USP4; the interaction is direct. May interact with DRD4
Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein
Sequence caution: Sequence=AAA58356.1; Type=Erroneous initiation;
6/14 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for ADORA2A (see all 14):
1MMH (3D)        1UPE (3D)        2YDO (3D)        2YDV (3D)        3EML (3D)        3PWH (3D)    
Secondary accessions: B2R7E0

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for ADORA2A: NX_P29274

Post-translational modifications:

  • Ubiquitinated. Deubiquitinated by USP4; leading to stabilization and expression at the cell surface1
  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P29274

    • ADORA2A Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    ADORA2A Protein Expression
    REFSEQ proteins: NP_000666.2  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000404497   ENSP00000414802   ENSP00000336630   ENSP00000397071   ENSP00000400190  
     ENSP00000439848   ENSP00000394368  
    Reactome Protein details: P29274
    Human Recombinant Protein Products for ADORA2A: 
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    Novus Biologicals ADORA2A Proteins
    Novus Biologicals ADORA2A Lysates
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    Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
    Browse Proteins at Uscn

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/18 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 18):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000139Golgi membrane ----
    GO:0005624membrane fraction ----
    GO:0005882intermediate filament ----
    GO:0005886plasma membrane TAS--
    GO:0005887integral to plasma membrane TAS8794889

    ADORA2A for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    ADORA2A Antibody Products: 
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    Browse ELISAs and CLIAs at Uscn

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for ADORA2A gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    ADORA2A for domains           About GeneDecksing

    4 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR001634 Adenosn_rcpt
     IPR017452 GPCR_Rhodpsn_7TM
     IPR001513 Adeno_A2A_rcpt
     IPR000276 GPCR_Rhodpsn

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P29274

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P29274

    2 Blocks protein families:
    IPB001513 Adenosine A2A receptor signature
    IPB001634 Adenosine receptor signature


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: AA2AR_HUMAN, P29274
    Domain: The cytoplasmic C-terminal domain is necessary for targeting the non-ubiquitinated form of this protein to the
    cell surface
    Similarity: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family


    Function
    for ADORA2A gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, inGenious Targeting Laboratory,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, Sirion Biotech, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Sirion Biotech, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, Sirion Biotech, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Molecular Function:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: AA2AR_HUMAN, P29274
    Function: Receptor for adenosine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl
    cyclase

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for ADORA2A:
    adenosine receptor A2A,mainly expressed in the basal ganglia and immune tissues,G protein coupled receptor
    superfamily,activating adenylate cyclase

         Gene Ontology (GO): 5/6 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 6):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0001609G-protein coupled adenosine receptor activity IEA--
    GO:0005515protein binding IPI19632986
    GO:0019899enzyme binding IPI16339847
    GO:0031802type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor binding IEA--
    GO:0046982protein heterodimerization activity IEA--
         
    ADORA2A for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    Phenotypes:
         3 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for ADORA2A:
     Decreased substrate adherent c  Increased gamma-H2AX phosphory  Synthetic lethal with Ras 

         9 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 4 alleles) (MGI details for Adora2a):
     behavior/neurological  cardiovascular system  growth/size  hematopoietic system  homeostasis/metabolism 
     immune system  integument  nervous system  vision/eye 

    ADORA2A for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-outs for ADORA2A: Adora2atm1Jfc Adora2atm1Map Adora2atm1.1Dyj
       inGenious Targeting Laboratory - Customizable classic, inducible, and humanized mouse model solutions for ADORA2A 

    miRNA
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    8/23 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate ADORA2A (see all 23):
    hsa-miR-34b* hsa-miR-3938 hsa-miR-15a hsa-miR-503 hsa-miR-339-5p hsa-miR-766 hsa-miR-424 hsa-miR-1252
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: ADORA2A 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for ADORA2A (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: ADORA2A
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    Gene Editing
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    Sirion Biotech Customized adenovirus for overexpression of ADORA2A 
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    Clone
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    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for ADORA2A (see all 3)
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    Cell Line
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    In Situ Assay
    Products:       
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for ADORA2A


    Pathways & Interactions
    for ADORA2A gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/14 super-pathways (see all 14) About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
    		Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)1.00
    		GPCRs, Class A Rhodopsin-like0.41
    		GPCR ligand binding0.75
    		Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction0.38
    2Nucleotide-like (purinergic) receptors
    		Nucleotide-like (purinergic) receptors1.00
    		Adenosine P1 receptors0.25
    		Nucleotide GPCRs0.56
    3Signaling by GPCR
    		Signaling by GPCR1.00
    		Signal Transduction0.56
    		GPCR downstream signaling0.89
    4Signal transduction_IP3 signaling
    		Signal transduction_IP3 signaling1.00
    		Signal transduction IP3 signaling0.92
    5NGF-independant TRKA activation
    		NGF-independant TRKA activation1.00
    		Activation of TRKA receptors0.83

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    2 EMD Millipore Pathways for ADORA2A
        Development A2A receptor signaling
    Signal transduction IP3 signaling


    2 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for ADORA2A
        Development A2A receptor signaling
    Signal transduction IP3 signaling

    5 BioSystems Pathways for ADORA2A 
        Monoamine Transport
    GPCRs, Class A Rhodopsin-like
    GPCRs, Other
    HIF-2-alpha transcription factor network
    Nucleotide GPCRs

    5/12        Reactome Pathways for ADORA2A (see all 12)
        GPCR downstream signaling
    Signaling by GPCR
    GPCR ligand binding
    Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
    NGF signalling via TRKA from the plasma membrane

    1 PharmGKB Pathway for ADORA2A
        Methotrexate Pathway (Cancer Cell), Pharmacodynamics

    3         Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for ADORA2A):
        Calcium signaling pathway
    Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction
    Vascular smooth muscle contraction


    ADORA2A for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for ADORA2A

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/86 Interacting proteins for ADORA2A (P292741, 2, 3 ENSP000003366304) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 86)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    CALM2P621581, 3EBI-2902702,EBI-397435 I2D: score=3 
    CALM3P621581, 3EBI-2902702,EBI-397435 I2D: score=3 
    ADORA1P305421, 3, ENSP000003085494EBI-2902702,EBI-2903663 I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000308549
    CYTH2Q994181, 3, ENSP000004082364EBI-2902702,EBI-1965579 I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000408236
    USP4Q131071, 3, ENSP000002655604EBI-2902702,EBI-723290 I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000265560
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/58 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 58):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0001963synaptic transmission, dopaminergic IEA--
    GO:0001973adenosine receptor signaling pathway ----
    GO:0001975response to amphetamine IEA--
    GO:0006171cAMP biosynthetic process TAS10899090
    GO:0006355regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent IEA--

    ADORA2A for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for ADORA2A gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    ADORA2A for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Enzo Life Sciences drugs & compounds for ADORA2A

    Compounds for ADORA2A available from Tocris Bioscience    About this table
    CompoundAction CAS #
    SCH 442416 Very selective, high affinity A2A antagonist [316173-57-6]
    SCH 58261 Potent, highly selective A2A antagonist [160098-96-4]
    PSB 603Highly selective A2B antagonist--
    ZM 241385 Potent, highly selective A2A antagonist [139180-30-6]

    3 HMDB Compounds for ADORA2A    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    Adenosine1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-1-deoxy-beta-D-Ribofuranose (see all 32)58-61-7--
    CaffeineHycomine (see all 15)58-08-2--
    Theophylline1,3-Dimethylxanthine (see all 96)58-55-9--

    10 DrugBank Compounds for ADORA2A    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #TypeActionsPubMed Ids
    Adenosine2'-Deoxyadenosine (see all 11)58-61-7targetagonist17321471 16339914 20370661 20370662 17438146 17442976 20136829 19749080
    Theobromine-- 83-67-0targetantagonist17558310 3588607 17577101 12602592 15095008 17616786
    CaffeineCafeina (see all 7)58-08-2targetantagonist multitarget17558310 17577101 11752352 17616786
    Oxtriphylline-- 4499-40-5targetantagonist16357952 3588607
    TheophyllineDimethylxanthine (see all 6)58-55-9targetantagonist16357952 3588607
    4-{2-[(7-amino-2-furan-2-yl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazin-5-yl)amino]ethyl}phenol-- --target--10592235
    Defibrotide-- 83712-60-1target--8405101
    DyphyllineDihydroxypropyl Theophylline (see all 8)479-18-5targetantagonist2997628
    MefloquineMefloquine HCL (see all 2)53230-10-7targetantagonist18406614
    Pentoxifylline-- 6493-05-6targetantagonist19997047

    10/94 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for ADORA2A gene (see all 94)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    5'-n-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine 91.9 17 8527267 (1), 8605954 (1), 8836153 (1), 9806342 (1) (see all 16)
    cgs21680 89.4 5 8088373 (1), 17575165 (1), 9128830 (1), 18384819 (1)
    regadenoson 86.3 9 18561509 (2), 17679059 (2), 16555687 (1), 17112296 (1) (see all 8)
    binodenoson 86 6 14734517 (3), 18561509 (1), 19920048 (1), 17531571 (1)
    istradefylline 85.4 5 14663020 (2), 15298067 (1), 17686497 (1), 15974638 (1)
    2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino)-5'-n-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine 83.6 1 10676861 (1)
    8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine 83.5 9 8991804 (2), 8749024 (1), 8821736 (1), 8732271 (1)
    dpcpx 83 14 9806342 (2), 8028023 (1), 10513579 (1), 19552053 (1) (see all 10)
    dmpx 81.6 19 9435909 (3), 10676861 (2), 10714888 (1), 19552053 (1) (see all 10)
    4-(2-(7-amino-2-(2-furyl)(1,2,4)triazolo(2,3-a)(1,3,5)triazin-5-ylamino)ethyl)phenol 80.1 1 12909194 (1)

    2 PharmGKB related drug/compound annotations for ADORA2A gene    About this table
    Drug/compound PharmGKB Annotation
    caffeineCA  
    methotrexateCA  
    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about ADORA2A / AA2AR 

    Transcripts
    for ADORA2A gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, Sirion Biotech, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for ADORA2A gene: 
    NM_000675.4  

    Unigene Cluster for ADORA2A:

    Adenosine A2a receptor
    Hs.197029  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_000675
    15 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000467385(uc010gun.1) ENST00000486351 ENST00000424232 ENST00000486108
    ENST00000464977 ENST00000444262(uc010guo.1) ENST00000496258 ENST00000337539(uc002zzx.3 uc002zzy.4 uc021wng.1 uc011ajs.2 uc010guq.3 uc010gup.3 uc003aab.3)
    ENST00000496497 ENST00000472248 ENST00000436735 ENST00000439591 ENST00000491194
    ENST00000541988 ENST00000417596

    miRNA
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    8/23 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate ADORA2A (see all 23):
    hsa-miR-34b* hsa-miR-3938 hsa-miR-15a hsa-miR-503 hsa-miR-339-5p hsa-miR-766 hsa-miR-424 hsa-miR-1252
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: ADORA2A 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for ADORA2A (see all 7)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: ADORA2A
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    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat ADORA2A
    Sirion Biotech Custom design and validation of potent shRNA sequences against ADORA2A 
    Clone
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    Primer
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      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat ADORA2A

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AK123058.1 AK289871.1 AK301420.1 AK312946.1 AY136747.1 BC013780.1 BT006999.1 CR456367.1 
    EU036687.1 EU036688.1 EU036689.1 EU036690.1 EU036691.1 EU036692.1 EU036693.1 EU036694.1 
    M97370.1 

    10 DOTS entries:

    DT.100661170  DT.120642587  DT.314671  DT.120642847  DT.95310776  DT.120642633  DT.100022626  DT.100780535 
    DT.97841065  DT.432224 

    24/83 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 83):

    AW245531 AY136747 BM556053 BX462613 AK123058 CR607919 CR611621 BX432706 
    CR456367 BU689218 BP368389 BU738206 BE044452 BG759406 BF512774 BM126464 
    CA307692 BI224985 CD367743 AW274391 BI551288 AA359988 R95738 BT006999 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure


    Expression
    for ADORA2A gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    ADORA2A expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: TGCTGAGTAG
    ADORA2A Expression
    About this image

    ADORA2A expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells
    Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine    About this table

    Stem Cell Differentiation: 4 LifeMap Cells 
    NameCategory
    PureStem™ endothelial Progenitor 30-SM2-3 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)Blood, Endothelium
    PureStem™ endothelial progenitor 30-SM2-1 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)Endothelium
    PureStem™ endothelial progenitor RP1-MV2-18 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)Endothelium
    PureStem™ endothelial progenitor 30-MV2-14 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)Endothelium
    Expression: Positive    Negative     Selective marker
    Experimental details: Curated     Microarrays     In-situ hybridization

    See ADORA2A Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for ADORA2A

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.197029
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including ADORA2A: 
              Neurogenesis in human mouse rat
              G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling PathwayFinder in human mouse rat
              G Protein Coupled Receptors 384HT in human mouse rat
              GABA & Glutamate in human mouse rat

    Primer
    Products:    		 OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for ADORA2A
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    QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat ADORA2A
    In Situ
    Assay Products:     
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for ADORA2A

    Orthologs
    for ADORA2A gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

    Orthologs for ADORA2A gene from 5/18 species (see all 18)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves ADORA2A1 adenosine A2a receptor 71.67(n)
    73.99(a)    		   427705  XM_425280.3  XP_425280.2 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia ADORA2A6
    		 --
    		 62(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 GL343947.1(61280-62842)
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii adora2aa1 adenosine A2a receptor a 69.52(n)
    70.21(a)    		   561701  NM_001039815.1  NP_001034904.1 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)    		 Insecta CG97533
    AdoR1    		 G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling
    pathway more3
    Adenosine receptor1    		 36(a)3
    55(n)1
    41.43(a)1    		   99D83
    435831  NM_143515.21  NP_651772.11 
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)    		 Secernentea T21B4.46
    		 Protein T21B4.4, isoform b
    		 23(a)
    		 1 → many
    		 II(12497146-12502814)


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for ADORA2A (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for ADORA2A (if available) 

    Paralogs
    for ADORA2A gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for ADORA2A gene
    ADORA12  GPR1192  ADORA2B2  ADORA32  
    13 SIMAP similar genes for ADORA2A using alignment to 5 protein entries:     AA2AR_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    hA2aR    ADORA2B    HTR2B    GPR83    HTR4    ADORA1
    ADORA3    ADRA2C    DRD2    HTR5A    CHRM1    HRH2
    ADRB2

    ADORA2A for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for ADORA2A gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/438 NCBI SNPs in ADORA2A are shown (see all 438)     About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 22 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    rs1426691061,2
    		--24821751(+) GCTCTC/TGTCTG 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1167042921,2
    		C,F--24821764(+) TTCTGG/ATCTTG 1 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- A:0.05WA 118
    rs1815588971,2
    		--24821919(+) AGGGCC/TGGTGA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1176993221,2
    		F--24821941(+) TGGAGC/TGGGGA 1 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- T:0.03NA 120
    rs1855252031,2
    		--24821977(+) GAGGGC/TCAGGG 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1904475951,2
    		--24822024(+) GAATGG/TTAGTT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1807544261,2
    		--24822155(+) CCAAAA/GAAGGT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1460174611,2
    		--24822190(+) TACCCA/GAGCCA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1858557381,2
    		--24822264(+) GCAGCA/GCAAAC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs770936801,2
    		C,F--24822267(+) GCGCAA/GACAGA 1 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- G:0.02WA 118

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for ADORA2A (24813847 - 24838328 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
          Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for ADORA2A: --
    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): ADORA2A

    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
    QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing ADORA2A
    DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for ADORA2A

    Disorders / Diseases
    for ADORA2A gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    ADORA2A for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 102776    OMIM disorders: --

    20/67 diseases for ADORA2A (see all 67):    About MalaCards
    ischemia    high blood pressure    proliferative diabetic retinopathy    autism spectrum disorder
    panic disorder    carrion's disease    diabetic retinopathy    essential hypertension
    anorexia nervosa    pulmonary function    migraine with aura    goiter
    rheumatoid arthritis    conduct disorder    dilated cardiomyopathy    phobia
    neurodegenerative disease    huntington's disease    mood disorder    sleep disorder

    2 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for ADORA2A:
    Parkinson's disease     Huntington's disease

    10/31 Novoseek disease relationships for ADORA2A gene (see all 31)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    parkinson disease 64.9 42 15033896 (4), 15719154 (2), 9345853 (2), 16022182 (2) (see all 33)
    basal ganglia disorders 55.2 1 18221214 (1)
    huntington disease 52.4 7 19591938 (1), 18536175 (1), 16184606 (1), 15689617 (1) (see all 7)
    neurodegenerative diseases 43.2 3 8991804 (1), 12958155 (1), 18536175 (1)
    catalepsy 43.2 3 9128830 (2)
    neurodegeneration 34.2 1 14720203 (1)
    pheochromocytoma 23.5 3 10400659 (1), 12590138 (1), 9920286 (1)
    schizophrenia 9.36 5 9029412 (2), 15719154 (2)
    goiter 8.98 2 12740015 (1)
    panic disorder 7.84 4 15774265 (2), 9491818 (1), 11515749 (1)

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): ADORA2A
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: ADORA2A (35 documents)

    Export disorders for ADORA2A gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for ADORA2A gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for ADORA2A gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 537):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with ADORA2A)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. The role of adenosine-related genes variants in susceptibility to essential hypertension. (PubMed id 15257174)1, 4, 9 Wright K....Griffiths L.R. (2004)
    2. Site-directed mutagenesis identifies residues involved in ligand recognition in the human A2a adenosine receptor. (PubMed id 7775460)1, 2, 9 Kim J.... Jacobson K.A. (1995)
    3. The 1976C>T polymorphism in the adenosine A2A receptor gene does not affect the vasodilator response to adenosine in humans in vivo. (PubMed id 17558310)1, 7, 9 Riksen N.P....Rongen G.A. (2007)
    4. Genetic polymorphism of the adenosine A2A receptor is associated with habitual caffeine consumption. (PubMed id 17616786)1, 7, 9 Cornelis M.C....Campos H. (2007)
    5. Association study of A2a adenosine receptor genetic polymorphism in panic disorder. (PubMed id 15774265)1, 4, 9 Lam P....Tsai S.J. (2005)
    6. Association studies of the cholecystokinin B receptor and A2a adenosine receptor genes in panic disorder. (PubMed id 11515749)1, 4, 9 Yamada K....Yoshikawa T. (2001)
    7. The ubiquitin-specific protease Usp4 regulates the cell surface level of the A2A receptor. (PubMed id 16339847)1, 2 Milojevic T.... Nanoff C. (2006)
    8. A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome. (PubMed id 15461802)1, 2 Collins J.E.... Dunham I. (2004)
    9. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
    10. Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)1, 2 Ota T.... Sugano S. (2004)

    External Searches for ADORA2A gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing ADORA2A gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 135 HGNC: 263 AceView: ADORA2A Ensembl:ENSG00000128271 euGenes: HUgn135
    ECgene: ADORA2A Kegg: 135 H-InvDB: ADORA2A

    Other Databases showing ADORA2A gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing ADORA2A gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for ADORA2A Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    Intellectual Property
    for ADORA2A gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for ADORA2A gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving ADORA2A

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



    Products
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    About This Section

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