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ADAR Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 65

GC01M152821
adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific
(Previous name: interferon-induced protein 4 )
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database
(Previous symbols: IFI4, G1P1)
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Aliases &
Descriptions
for ADAR

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc , and/or 7Ensembl, 8miRBase)
About This Section
Aliases
ADAR1 1, 2, 3
DRADA 2, 3, 5
DSH 2, 5
DSRAD 2, 3, 5
EC 3.5.4.- 3
G1P1 2, 3, 5
IFI-4 2, 3
IFI4 2, 3, 5
K88DSRBP 3
K88dsRBP 2
OTTHUMP00000035372 2
OTTHUMP00000035373 2
P136 3
p136 2
Descriptions
136 kDa double-stranded RNA binding protein 2
136 kDa double-stranded RNA-binding protein 3
Interferon-inducible protein 4 2, 3
adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1-A 2
adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific 2
interferon-induced protein 4 1, 2
External Ids
HGNC: 2251
Entrez Gene: 1032
UniProtKB: P552653
Ensembl: ENSG000001607107
Search outside databases for aliases for ADAR gene

Previous GC identifers: GC01M152370 GC01M150285 GC01M151329 GC01M151772 GC01M151773 GC01M151367

Summaries
for ADAR

(According to Entrez Gene, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

 EntrezGene summary for ADAR:
This gene encodes the enzyme responsible for RNA editing by site-specific deamination of
adenosines. This enzyme destabilizes double stranded RNA through conversion of adenosine to
inosine. Mutations in this gene have been associated with dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria.
Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized.
[provided by RefSeq]

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DSRAD_HUMAN, P55265
Function: Converts multiple adenosines to inosines and creates I/U mismatched base pairs in
double-helical RNA substrates without apparent sequence specificity. Has been found to modify more
frequently adenosines in AU-rich regions, probably due to the relative ease of melting A/U base
pairs as compared to G/C pairs. Functions to modify viral RNA genomes and may be responsible for
hypermutation of certain negative-stranded viruses. Edits the messenger RNAs for glutamate
receptor (GLUR) subunits by site-selective adenosine deamination. Produces low-level editing at
the GLUR-B Q/R site, but edits efficiently at the R/G site and HOTSPOT1. Binds to short
interfering RNAs (siRNA) without editing them and suppresses siRNA-mediated RNA interference.
Binds to ILF3/NF90 and up-regulates ILF3-mediated gene expression

Gene Wiki entry for ADAR

Genomic Location
for ADAR

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 36),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC and Ensembl, Transcription factor binding sites according to SABiosciences)
About This Section

 Genomic View:
UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

 Transcription factor binding sites upstream to the ADAR gene  

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 1q21.1-q21.2   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  1q21.3   HGNC cytogenetic band: 1q21.1-q21.2

ADAR Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 1         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC01M152821:     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 152,821,157 bp from pter
End:
 152,867,098 bp from pter
Size:
 45,942 bases
Orientation:
 minus strand
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000001.9  NT_004487.18  

Proteins
for ADAR

(According to 1UniProtKB, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to 2Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Enzo Life Sciences, Abnova, OriGene and/or, Abcam,
Biochemical Assays by Invitrogen, Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, and/or Enzo Life Sciences, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Abnova, and/or Novus Biologicals)
About This Section

 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DSRAD_HUMAN, P55265 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase  
Size: 1226 amino acids; 135967 Da
Subunit: Homodimer. Isoform 1 interacts with ILF2/NF45 and ILF3/NF90
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm. Nucleus, nucleolus. Note=Isoform 1 is found predominantly in
cytoplasm but appears to shuttle between the cytoplasm and nucleus. Isoform 5 is found exclusively
in the nucleolus
Caution: The N-terminus of isoform 4 has been derived from EST and genomic sequences
PDB structures from and Proteopedia :
1QBJ (3D)    1QGP (3D)    1XMK (3D)    2ACJ (3D)    2GXB (3D)    3F21 (3D)    3F22 (3D)    3F23 (3D)    
Secondary accessions: B1AQR0 O15223 O43859 O43860 Q9BYM3 Q9BYM4
Alternative promoter usage, Alternative splicing: 5 isoforms:  P55265-1   P55265-2   P55265-3   P55265-4   P55265-5   

Post-translational modifications:

  • Sumoylation reduces RNA-editing activity1
  • View phosphorylation sites using PhosphoSite2


    • REFSEQ proteins (4 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_001020278.1  NP_001102.2  NP_056655.2  NP_056656.2  


    ENSEMBL proteins: 
    ENSP00000292205 ENSP00000357459 ENSP00000376294 ENSP00000357456 


    Human Recombinant Proteins 
    Browse Drug Discovery Central at Invitrogen for human recombinant proteins
    Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at Millipore
    Browse Human Recombinant Proteins at Sigma-Aldrich  
    Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
    Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
    Recombinant Proteins from Abcam (Adenosine Deaminase)
    Human Recombinant Proteins from Abnova (ADAR)
                    Browse Origene for full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells 

    4 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component terms (links to tree view):

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005622 intracellular IEA--
    GO:0005634 nucleus TAS7565688
    GO:0005730 nucleolus IDA18029348
    GO:0005737 cytoplasm TAS7565688
    About this table

    Antibodies for ADAR: 
    Browse Antibodies Central at Invitrogen
    Browse Millipore's Extensive Line of Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies
    Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for ADAR
    Browse R&D Systems for Antibodies
    Antibodies from Abcam (Adenosine Deaminase), each with their AbpromiseSM
    Browse Abnova for Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies
    Novus Biologicals Antibodies for ADAR

    Assays for ADAR: 
    Browse Invitrogen for biochemical assays
    Browse Kits and Assays available from Millipore
    Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
    Browse biochemical assays available from Enzo Life Sciences

    Protein Domains/
    Families
    for ADAR

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    5 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR011991 Wing_hlx_DNA_bd
     IPR002466 A_deamin
     IPR001159 Ds-RNA_bd
     IPR000607 dsRNA_A_deaminase
     IPR014720 dsRNA-bd-like


       GeneDecks  ADAR for the domains selected above  
    About GeneDecksing

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P55265

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P55265

    3 Blocks protein families:
    IPB000607 Double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase (DRADA)
    IPB001159 Double-stranded RNA binding (DsRBD) domain
    IPB002466 Adenosine deaminase/editase


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DSRAD_HUMAN, P55265
    Similarity: Contains 1 A to I editase domain
    Similarity: Contains 2 DRADA repeats
    Similarity: Contains 3 DRBM (double-stranded RNA-binding) domains

    Gene Function
    for ADAR

    (According to MGI Jun 06 2009, UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas,
    shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Sigma-Aldrich,
    RNAi Products, Clones, and Q-PCR Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, OriGene, and/or Abnova, siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, SYBR primers from OriGene, Cell-based Assays from Millipore, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Inhib.
    RNA:    		Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (ADAR)
    Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
    Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (ADAR)
                   OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vectors (see all 4): NM_015840

                  Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs for ADAR

                  Sigma-Aldrich siRNA for ADAR  
                         Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for ADAR  
                         Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs  

    Clones:Invitrogen Clones for ADAR
    Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore
                   OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 4): NM_001025107
                                     Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 4): NM_001025107
                                     untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 5): NM_001025107 

    Primers: Browse Quantitative PCR Central at Invitrogen for Q-PCR LUX™ Primers
                  OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: NM_001111

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DSRAD_HUMAN, P55265
    Function: Converts multiple adenosines to inosines and creates I/U mismatched base pairs in
    double-helical RNA substrates without apparent sequence specificity. Has been found to modify more
    frequently adenosines in AU-rich regions, probably due to the relative ease of melting A/U base
    pairs as compared to G/C pairs. Functions to modify viral RNA genomes and may be responsible for
    hypermutation of certain negative-stranded viruses. Edits the messenger RNAs for glutamate
    receptor (GLUR) subunits by site-selective adenosine deamination. Produces low-level editing at
    the GLUR-B Q/R site, but edits efficiently at the R/G site and HOTSPOT1. Binds to short
    interfering RNAs (siRNA) without editing them and suppresses siRNA-mediated RNA interference.
    Binds to ILF3/NF90 and up-regulates ILF3-mediated gene expression
    Induction: Isoform 1 is induced by interferon alpha. Isoform 5 is constitutively expressed
    Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 3.5.4.- 

    10 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 5 alleles) (MGI details for Adar):

    cellularembryogenesisgrowth/sizehematopoietic system
    homeostasis/metabolismimmune systemlethality-postnatallethality-prenatal/perinatalliver/biliary system

    5/6 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (links to tree view) (see all 6 ):

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0003677 DNA binding IEA--
    GO:0003725 double-stranded RNA binding IEA--
    GO:0003726 double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase activity NAS7565688
    GO:0008270 zinc ion binding IEA--
    GO:0016787 hydrolase activity IEA--
    About this table

    Pathways & Interactions
    for ADAR

    (Pathways according to Invitrogen (maps by GeneGo), Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB,
    Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, and/or 3STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section


    1 Millipore Pathway for ADAR
     ATP/ITP metabolism

       GeneDecks  ADAR for the pathways selected above  
    About GeneDecksing

    3 Sigma-Aldrich "Your Favorite Gene" Pathways for  ADAR  (Your Favorite Gene powered by Ingenuity) 
     Nitrogen Metabolism
     Activation of IRF by Cytosolic Pattern Recognition Receptors
     Purine Metabolism

       GeneDecks  ADAR for the pathways selected above  
    About GeneDecksing

    1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for ADAR: 
     Wnt/b-Catenin Signaling

       GeneDecks  ADAR for the pathways selected above  
    About GeneDecksing

    1 Kegg Pathway  (Kegg details for ADAR):
     hsa00791 Atrazine degradation

       GeneDecks  ADAR for the pathways selected above  
    About GeneDecksing
     Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for  ADAR 


    5/19 Interacting proteins for ADAR (ENSP000002922053) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING (see all 19 )
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    ADAENSP000003619653STRING (score=.941)
    XPO5ENSP000002653513STRING (score=.885)
    UPF1ENSP000002628033STRING (score=.861)
    ZBP1ENSP000003405843STRING (score=.855)
    GRIK1ENSP000003116463STRING (score=.838)
    About this table

    3 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (links to tree view):

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0006397 mRNA processing IEA--
    GO:0016553 base conversion or substitution editing IDA9020165
    GO:0031047 gene silencing by RNA IEA--
    About this table

    Drugs & Compounds
    for ADAR

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
    About This Section

    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences
    Browse Small Molecules at Sigma-Aldrich

    Browse Tocris compounds for ADAR
    6 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for ADAR gene
    Compound   Score   Articles   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    inosine 89.58 29 8643357 (1), 9020165 (1), 9614652 (1), 10200312 (1) (see all 23)
    red 2 87.08 1 10581403 (1)
    guanosine 53.51 1 7543593 (1)
    cytidine 49.51 4 7972084 (1), 8722180 (1), 10376681 (1), 7615504 (1)
    deoxyribose 32.88 1 11752786 (1)
    polyacrylamide 0.00 1 9222368 (1)
    About this table


    Transcripts
    for ADAR

    (GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 219 Homo sapiens; Jun 2 2009) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView,
    non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
    ESTs according to GeneTide,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, and/or Abnova,
    siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, Sigma-Aldrich,
    shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene,
    Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems)
    About This Section
    Inhib.
    RNA:    		Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (ADAR)
    Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
    Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (ADAR)
                   OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vectors (see all 4): NM_015840

                  Sigma-Aldrich siRNA for ADAR  
                         Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for ADAR  
                         Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs  

    Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs: 

    NM_001025107  NM_001111  NM_015840  NM_015841  

    REFSEQ mRNAs for ADAR gene (4 alternative transcripts): 

    NM_001025107.1   NM_001111.3   NM_015840.2   NM_015841.2   

    Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays: 

    NM_001025107  NM_001111  NM_015840  NM_015841  

                   OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 4): NM_001025107
                                     Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 4): NM_001025107
                                     untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 5): NM_001025107 

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AB209891.1 AK097241.1 AK304153.1 BC017853.1 BC038227.1 BX538232.1 BX640741.1 CR602350.1 
    CR612377.1 EF190448.1 EF190449.1 EF190450.1 EF190451.1 EF190452.1 EF190453.1 U10439.1 
    U18121.1 X79448.1 X79449.1 X98559.1 

    24/34 DOTS entries (see all 34 ):

    DT.449598  DT.100658403  DT.91846984  DT.100658458  DT.95272413  DT.100658457  DT.95091272  DT.95340523 
    DT.95134022  DT.100658460  DT.100853482  DT.121357319  DT.100658453  DT.75189041  DT.91878250  DT.121357314 
    DT.75194289  DT.85104621  DT.121357358  DT.87077558  DT.91792987  DT.91793012  DT.100658459  DT.121357295 

    24/776 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 776 ):

    BM671900 BE254226 AA677244 AA679305 BU543633 AI627465 CD643317 AI984545 
    BM973115 AL039220 AL538415 U10439 AA600189 AA576649 BU539016 AA843525 
    AI707980 AU127900 CR612377 BM463463 AA351501 AA548255 BQ894377 AI871921 

    highest scoring ESTs for ADAR:

    AA449679 AA984746 AL121035 AW015069 AW450844 AW451110 BF196384 BX538232 BX640741 R49062 

    Unigene Cluster for ADAR:

    Adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific
    Hs.12341  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: X79448


    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/13 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for ADAR (see all 13 )

    ExUns: 1a · 1b ^ 2 ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5 ^ 6 ^ 7 ^ 8a · 8b · 8c · 8d · 8e · 8f ^ 9 ^ 10 ^ 11 ^ 12 ^ 13a · 13b ^ 14 ^ 15 ^ 16 ^ 17 ^ 18a · 18b ·
    SP1:                                      -                                                                                                           -         
    SP2:                                                                                                                                                  -         
    SP3:                    -     -     -     -                                                                                                           -         
    SP4:                                                                                                                                                  -         
    SP5:                                                                                                                          -                                 

    ExUns: 18c ^ 19a · 19b ^ 20a · 20b · 20c ^ 21a · 21b ^ 22a · 22b ^ 23
    SP1:                                -     -                           
    SP2:                                -     -                           
    SP3:                                -     -                           
    SP4:  -     -                                                         
    SP5:                                                                  

    About this scheme

    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for ADAR

    4 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations:
    ENST00000292205  ENST00000368474  ENST00000392506  ENST00000368471  

    Expression
    for ADAR

    (Experimental results according to 1GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
    probe sets-to-genes annotations according to 2GeneAnnot , 3GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 219 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
    Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems )
    About This Section

    ADAR expression in normal and diseased human tissues

     Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays for ADAR

    1 / 2 / 3

    4 probe-sets matching ADAR gene


    		Affymetrix
    probe-set    		 Array  GeneAnnot data GeneNote data GeneTide data
    # genes Sensitivity Specificity Correlation Length Gb_Accession Consensus Uniqueness Score Rank

    		75024_at2, 3 U95-D 1 1.00 1.00 0.98 1.14 R49062 0.80 1.00 0.91 1

    		38014_at2, 3 U95-A 1 1.00 1.00 0.95 0.86 X79448 0.80 1.00 0.91 1

    		201786_s_at2, 3 U133-A 1 1.00 1.00 -- -- NM_001111 0.60 1.00 0.82 1

    		201786_s_at2 U133Plus2 1 1.00 1.00 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
    About this table
    Data from (Publications) and GNF BioGPS
        About these images
    About these images

    CGAP SAGE TAG: CCCCTCTGAG

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.12341

    Expression variation in blood from EXPOLDB for ADAR

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DSRAD_HUMAN, P55265
    Tissue specificity: Ubiquitously expressed, highest levels were found in brain and lung

    Orthologs
    for ADAR

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD and/or 5MGI Jun 06 2009, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
    About This Section
    Orthologs for ADAR gene from 5/10 species (see all 10 )
    Organism Gene Locus Description Human
    Similarity    		 NCBI accessions
    dog
    (Canis familiaris)    		 ADAR1   -- adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific 83.08(n)
    83.02(a)    		 490442  XM_547564.2  XP_547564.2 
    chimpanzee
    (Pan troglodytes)    		 ADAR1   -- adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific 99.55(n)
    99.41(a)    		 457349  XM_513841.2  XP_513841.2 
    cow
    (Bos taurus)    		 ADAR1   -- adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific 86.96(n)
    84.69(a)    		 505134  XM_581374.3  XP_581374.3 
    rat
    (Rattus norvegicus)    		 Adar1   -- adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific 82.04(n)
    79.77(a)    		 81635  NM_031006.1  NP_112268.1 
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)    		 Adar1, 5 35
    		 adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific1, 5 81.7(n)1
    80(a)1    		 564171  NM_019655.21  NP_062629.21 
     AF0525065  AF2910505  (see all 30)
    About this table        Species with no ortholog for ADAR

    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for ADAR

    Paralogs
    for ADAR

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene
    and 2Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to 3Pseudogene.org)
    About This Section

    Paralogs for ADAR gene
    ADARB22  ADARB12  

    SNPs/Variants
    for ADAR

    (According to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Genotyping Reagents from Applied Biosystems)
    About This Section


    10/313 NCBI SNPs in ADAR are shown (see all 313 )
    (Click for Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Genotyping Assay)  (see all 121)
    ABGenomic DataTranscription DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidChr 1 posSequenceRecsAA
    Chg    		TypeMoreRecsAllele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ------------
    rs22298571,2
    		A,C,F,H,O152840591(-) GACCAG/AAAGAA 4 R/K mis126Minor allele frequency- A:0.39MN EA NA EU WA CSAM 2240
    rs8846171,2
    		A,C,F,H,O152867622(-) AAATGC/TGAAAA 1 -- ng314Minor allele frequency- T:0.37EU EA WA 412
    rs8846181,2
    		A,C,F,H,O152867781(-) cataaT/Cggatt 1 -- ng315Minor allele frequency- C:0.34MN EU EA WA 602
    rs11273141,2
    		A,C,F,H152822890(-) CCACCT/CGGTGT 4 -- ut31 ese321Minor allele frequency- C:0.40MN NA EA CSAM EU WA 1926
    rs75334711,2
    		A,C,F,H152867960(+) attccA/Gcttta 1 -- ng318Minor allele frequency- G:0.12EU EA WA 834
    rs11273131,2
    		A,C,F,H152823049(-) TTCTCC/TTAAAG 4 -- ut31 ese3 trp318Minor allele frequency- T:0.42MN EU EA WA CSAM 1830
    rs11273171,2
    		A,C,F,H152822664(-) TCTTTA/CTAGGG 4 -- ut31 ese311Minor allele frequency- C:0.27EA MN EU WA NA 2402
    rs121251661,2
    		A,C,F,H152848753(+) GTTTCC/TTACTC 4 -- int1 ng318Minor allele frequency- T:0.40EU EA WA 836
    rs48456561,2
    		A,C,F,H152868561(+) agttgG/Tgttat 1 -- ng31 tfbs34Minor allele frequency- T:0.01EU EA WA 420
    rs11273261,2
    		A,C,F,H152822116(-) ATTCTG/ATGCTC 4 -- ut319Minor allele frequency- A:0.30EA MN EU WA NA 2222
    About this table

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for ADAR (up to first 250kb)

    Disorders & Mutations
    for ADAR

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, Novoseek, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, BCGD, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    		 OMIM: 146920   disorders: 127400  

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DSRAD_HUMAN, P55265

  • Defects in ADAR are a cause of dyschromatosis symmetrical hereditaria (DSH) [MIM:127400];
    also known as reticulate acropigmentation of Dohi. DSH is a pigmentary genodermatosis of autosomal
    dominant inheritance characterized by a mixture of hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules
    distributed on the dorsal parts of the hands and feet

    • 9 Novoseek disease relationships for ADAR gene

    Disease   Score   Articles   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria 97.75 30 16536805 (2), 15146470 (2), 17225010 (2), 15347341 (1) (see all 21)
    hepatitis delta 54.29 2 9111310 (1), 11907222 (1)
    skin diseases 34.13 2 16536805 (1)
    teratocarcinoma 33.88 2 9202292 (1), 14559151 (1)
    lupus erythematosus systemic 9.28 1 17376196 (1)
    inflammation 0.00 3 12954622 (2), 17224799 (1)
    epilepsy 0.00 2 9694203 (1)
    virus infection 0.00 3 17079286 (3)
    genetic disorder 0.00 1 7490742 (1)
    About this table

    Human Gene Mutation Database: ADAR
    Genetic Association Database: ADAR
    Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator: ADAR (4 documents)

    Medical News
    for ADAR

    (Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
    About This Section

    		   --

    Publications
    for ADAR

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Novoseek, 2HGNC, 3Entrez Gene, 4UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 5UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 6GAD, and/or 7PharmGKB)
    About This Section

    		10/171 PubMed articles for ADAR gene (see all 171 ):

    Search for ADAR

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section

     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing ADAR

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 103 HGNC: 225 AceView: ADAR Ensembl:ENSG00000160710 euGenes: HUgn103
    ECgene: ADAR H-InvDB: ADAR

    Other Databases showing ADAR

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section

    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing ADAR

    (According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section

    		   --

    Licensable Technologies
    for ADAR

    (Available from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts)
    About This Section

    		  --

    Services
    for ADAR

    (Reagents available from Applied Biosystems, Antibodies and assays by Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Novus Biologicals,
    Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Millipore, Abnova, and/or Invitrogen, Clones available from OriGene,and/or Invitrogen, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich,
    Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Tocris Bioscience)
    About This Section



    Products for ADAR:
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    		  Free SNP selection tool



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     Millipore Preclinical / Clinical Development Services
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     Recombinant Proteins
    (Adenosine Deaminase)
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     Search www.enzolifesicences.com for proteins, assays, substrates, inhibitors & antibodies
     Antibodies for ADAR

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