ADAR Gene
protein-coding GIFtS: 65
GCID: GC01M154554
|
|
adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific(Previous name: interferon-induced protein 4 )
(Previous symbols: IFI4, G1P1)
| |
Aliases
for ADAR gene
(According to
1HGNC,
2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc,
7Ensembl,
8DME,
9miRBase,
and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
|
| Aliases |
|---|
| Adenosine Deaminase, RNA-Specific1 2 | | K88DSRBP2 3 | | G1P11 2 3 5 | | DSH2 5 | | IFI41 2 3 5 | | AGS62 | | ADAR11 2 3 | | P1362 | | DRADA2 3 5 | | Adenosine Deaminase Acting On RNA 1-A2 | | DSRAD2 3 5 | | Double-Stranded RNA-Specific Adenosine Deaminase2 | | Interferon-Induced Protein 41 2 | | DsRNA Adenosine Deaminase2 | | Interferon-Inducible Protein 42 3 | | EC 3.5.4.-3 | | 136 KDa Double-Stranded RNA-Binding Protein2 3 | | P1362 | | IFI-42 3 | | EC 3.5.48 |
Export aliases for ADAR gene to outside databasesPrevious GC identifers: GC01M152370 GC01M150285 GC01M151329 GC01M151772 GC01M151773 GC01M151367 GC01M152821 GC01M125917 |
Summaries
for ADAR gene(According to Entrez Gene,
Tocris Bioscience,
Wikipedia's
Gene Wiki,
PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
and/or
UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
|
Entrez Gene summary for ADAR:
This gene encodes the enzyme responsible for RNA editing by site-specific deamination of adenosines. This enzymedestabilizes double-stranded RNA through conversion of adenosine to inosine. Mutations in this gene have beenassociated with dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.(provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010)
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DSRAD_HUMAN, P55265Function: Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) referred to asA-to-I RNA editing. This may affect gene expression and function in a number of ways that include mRNA translation bychanging codons and hence the amino acid sequence of proteins; pre-mRNA splicing by altering splice site recognitionsequences; RNA stability by changing sequences involved in nuclease recognition; genetic stability in the case of RNAvirus genomes by changing sequences during viral RNA replication; and RNA structure-dependent activities such asmicroRNA production or targeting or protein-RNA interactions. Can edit both viral and cellular RNAs and can edit RNAsat multiple sites (hyper-editing) or at specific sites (site-specific editing). Its cellular RNA substrates include:bladder cancer-associated protein (BLCAP), neurotransmitter receptors for glutamate (GRIA2) and serotonin (HTR2C) andGABA receptor (GABRA3). Site-specific RNA editing of transcripts encoding these proteins results in amino acidsubstitutions which consequently alters their functional activities. Exhibits low-level editing at the GRIA2 Q/R site,but edits efficiently at the R/G site and HOTSPOT1. Its viral RNA substrates include: hepatitis C virus (HCV),vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), measles virus (MV), hepatitis delta virus (HDV), and human immunodeficiency virustype 1 (HIV-1). Exhibits either a proviral (HDV, MV, VSV and HIV-1) or an antiviral effect (HCV) and this can beediting-dependent (HDV and HCV), editing-independent (VSV and MV) or both (HIV-1). Impairs HCV replication via RNAediting at multiple sites. Enhances the replication of MV, VSV and HIV-1 through an editing-independent mechanism viasuppression of EIF2AK2/PKR activation and function. Stimulates both the release and infectivity of HIV-1 viralparticles by an editing-dependent mechanism where it associates with viral RNAs and edits adenosines in the 5'UTR andthe Rev and Tat coding sequence. Can enhance viral replication of HDV via A-to-I editing at a site designated asamber/W, thereby changing an UAG amber stop codon to an UIG tryptophan (W) codon that permits synthesis of the largedelta antigen (L-HDAg) which has a key role in the assembly of viral particles. However, high levels of ADAR1 inhibitHDV replication
Gene Wiki entry for ADAR
|
Genomic Views
for ADAR gene
(According to
GeneLoc and/or
HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to
UCSC (hg19) and
Ensembl (release 69),
Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to
QIAGEN,
SABiosciences, and/or
SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
| RefSeq DNA sequence:- NC_000001.10 NC_018912.1 NT_004487.19
Regulatory elements:
 SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the ADAR gene promoter:
STAT1 STAT1beta CUTL1 STAT1alpha
Other transcription factors
Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for ADAR
Epigenetics:
| | QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat ADAR |
Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 1q21.3 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 1q21.3 HGNC cytogenetic band: 1q21.3ADAR Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to
 (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
GeneLoc information about chromosome 1 GeneLoc Exon Structure GeneLoc location for GC01M154554: view genomic region
(about GC identifiers)
Start:
|
154,554,533 bp from pter |
End:
|
154,600,475 bp from pter |
Size:
|
45,943 bases |
Orientation:
|
minus strand |
|
Proteins
for ADAR gene
(According to
1UniProtKB,
HORDE,
neXtProt,
Ensembl,
and/or Reactome,
Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus,
Specific Peptides from DME,
Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb,
RefSeq according to NCBI,
PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia,
Recombinant Proteins
from
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
GenScript,
Enzo Life Sciences,
OriGene,
Novus Biologicals,
Sino Biological,
ProSpec, and/or
Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
OriGene,
GenScript,
Cell Signaling Technology,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or
Uscn,
Ontologies according to Gene
Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and
Entrez Gene,
Antibodies by
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
GenScript,
Cell Signaling Technology,
OriGene,
Novus Biologicals,
Thermo Fisher Scientific,
Abcam, and/or
Uscn)
About This Section
|
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DSRAD_HUMAN, P55265 (See
protein sequence)Recommended Name: Double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase Size: 1226 amino acids; 136066 Da
Subunit: Homodimer. Homodimerization is essential for its catalytic activity. Isoform 5 can form heterodimers withADARB1/ADAR2. Isoform 1 interacts with ILF2/NF45 and ILF3/NF90. Binding to ILF3/NF90 up-regulates ILF3-mediated geneexpression. Isoform 5 (via DRBM 3 domain) interacts with TNPO1. Isoform 5 (via DRBM domains) interacts with XPO5.Isoform 1 and isoform 5 can interact with EIF2AK2/PKR and UPF1
Subcellular location: Isoform 1: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=Shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus
Subcellular location: Isoform 5: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Nucleus, nucleolus. Note=Predominantly nuclear but can shuttlebetween nucleus and cytoplasm. TNPO1 can mediate its nuclear import whereas XPO1 can mediate its nuclear export
Caution: The N-terminus of isoform 4 has been derived from EST and genomic sequences
Sequence caution: Sequence=CAE45853.1; Type=Erroneous termination; Positions=1227; Note=Translated as stop;
6/11 PDB 3D structures from  and Proteopedia  for ADAR (see all 11):1QBJ (3D)
1QGP (3D)
1XMK (3D)
2ACJ (3D)
2GXB (3D)
2L54 (3D)
Secondary accessions: B1AQQ9 B1AQR0 D3DV76 O15223 O43859 O43860 Q9BYM3 Q9BYM4Alternative promoter usage, Alternative splicing: 5 isoforms: P55265-1 P55265-2 P55265-3 P55265-4 P55265-5 (Produced by alternative promoter usage)Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for ADAR: NX_P55265
Post-translational modifications:
Sumoylation reduces RNA-editing activity1
View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P55265
4 DME Specific Peptides for ADAR (P55265)
ADAR Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image 
REFSEQ proteins (5 alternative transcripts):
NP_001020278.1 NP_001102.2 NP_001180424.1 NP_056655.2 NP_056656.2
ENSEMBL proteins: ENSP00000357459 ENSP00000357456 ENSP00000431794 ENSP00000292205 Reactome Protein details: P55265
Human Recombinant Protein Products for ADAR:
Gene Ontology (GO): 5/6 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 6): About this table
ADAR for ontologies About GeneDecksing
ADAR Antibody Products:
Assay Products for ADAR: |
Protein
Domains /
Families
for ADAR gene(According to InterPro, ProtoNet,
UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section
|
ADAR for domains About GeneDecksing
5 InterPro domains/families:Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P55265ProtoNet protein and cluster: P55265 3 Blocks protein families: IPB000607 Double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase (DRADA) IPB001159 Double-stranded RNA binding (DsRBD) domain IPB002466 Adenosine deaminase/editase
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DSRAD_HUMAN, P55265Similarity: Contains 1 A to I editase domainSimilarity: Contains 2 DRADA repeatsSimilarity: Contains 3 DRBM (double-stranded RNA-binding) domains |
Function
for ADAR gene
(According to 1UniProtKB,
Genatlas,
LifeMap Discovery™,
IUBMB, and/or
2DME,
Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi,
Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
inGenious Targeting Laboratory,
bound targets from SABiosciences,
miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase,
shRNA from
OriGene,
Sirion Biotech,
RNAi from
EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from
OriGene,
QIAGEN,
microRNA from QIAGEN,
Gene Editing from DNA2.0,
Sirion Biotech,
Clones from EMD Millipore,
OriGene,
SwitchGear Genomics,
GenScript,
Sino Biological,
DNA2.0,
and Vector BioLabs,
Cell Lines from GenScript,
LifeMap BioReagents,
Sirion Biotech,
In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via
Entrez Gene.)
About This Section
|
Molecular Function:
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: DSRAD_HUMAN, P55265Function: Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) referred to asA-to-I RNA editing. This may affect gene expression and function in a number of ways that include mRNA translation bychanging codons and hence the amino acid sequence of proteins; pre-mRNA splicing by altering splice site recognitionsequences; RNA stability by changing sequences involved in nuclease recognition; genetic stability in the case of RNAvirus genomes by changing sequences during viral RNA replication; and RNA structure-dependent activities such asmicroRNA production or targeting or protein-RNA interactions. Can edit both viral and cellular RNAs and can edit RNAsat multiple sites (hyper-editing) or at specific sites (site-specific editing). Its cellular RNA substrates include:bladder cancer-associated protein (BLCAP), neurotransmitter receptors for glutamate (GRIA2) and serotonin (HTR2C) andGABA receptor (GABRA3). Site-specific RNA editing of transcripts encoding these proteins results in amino acidsubstitutions which consequently alters their functional activities. Exhibits low-level editing at the GRIA2 Q/R site,but edits efficiently at the R/G site and HOTSPOT1. Its viral RNA substrates include: hepatitis C virus (HCV),vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), measles virus (MV), hepatitis delta virus (HDV), and human immunodeficiency virustype 1 (HIV-1). Exhibits either a proviral (HDV, MV, VSV and HIV-1) or an antiviral effect (HCV) and this can beediting-dependent (HDV and HCV), editing-independent (VSV and MV) or both (HIV-1). Impairs HCV replication via RNAediting at multiple sites. Enhances the replication of MV, VSV and HIV-1 through an editing-independent mechanism viasuppression of EIF2AK2/PKR activation and function. Stimulates both the release and infectivity of HIV-1 viralparticles by an editing-dependent mechanism where it associates with viral RNAs and edits adenosines in the 5'UTR andthe Rev and Tat coding sequence. Can enhance viral replication of HDV via A-to-I editing at a site designated asamber/W, thereby changing an UAG amber stop codon to an UIG tryptophan (W) codon that permits synthesis of the largedelta antigen (L-HDAg) which has a key role in the assembly of viral particles. However, high levels of ADAR1 inhibitHDV replicationInduction: Isoform 1 is induced by interferon alpha. Isoform 5 is constitutively expressed Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 3.5.42 EC 3.5.4.-1
Gene Ontology (GO): 5 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table
ADAR for ontologies About GeneDecksing
Phenotypes:
9 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 8 alleles ) (MGI details for Adar):
ADAR for phenotypes About GeneDecksing
Animal Models:
Mouse knock-outs for ADAR: Adartm2Knk Adartm1Phs Adartm2Phs Adartm1.1Knk
Clone
Products: |  | Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore | |  | OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for ADAR (see all 8)
OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for ADAR (see all 5)
OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis,
variant library, vector shuttling 
| |  | GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 5): ADAR (NM_001111) | |  | Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones | |  | DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene
Synthesis Service for ADAR | |  | Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat ADAR |
In Situ Assay
Products: |
 | Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for ADAR |
|
Pathways & Interactions
for ADAR gene
(Pathways according to
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
Cell Signaling Technology,
KEGG,
PharmGKB,
BioSystems,
Reactome,
Tocris Bioscience,
GeneGo (Thomson Reuters),
QIAGEN,
and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
Interaction Networks according to
SABiosciences,
and/or STRING,
Interactions according to 1UniProtKB,
2MINT,
3I2D, and/or
4STRING,
with links to IntAct and
Ensembl,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via
Entrez Gene).
About This Section
|
Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/10 super-pathways (see all 10) About this table
See pathways by source
| Super-pathway | contained gene-specific pathways |
|---|
| 1 | Formation of editosomes by ADAR proteins | | | 2 | Cytokine Signaling in Immune system | | | 3 | Expression of IFN-induced genes | | | 4 | ATP/ITP metabolism | | | 5 | Measles | |
Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways
1 EMD Millipore Pathway for ADAR
1 
Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for ADAR
1  GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathway for ADAR
5/11 
Reactome Pathways for ADAR (see all 11)
3 
Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for ADAR):
ADAR for pathways About GeneDecksing
Interactions:
SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for ADAR
STRING Interaction
Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)
5/60 Interacting proteins for ADAR (P552653 ENSP000003574594) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 60)About this table
Gene Ontology (GO): 5/18 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 18): About this table
ADAR for ontologies About GeneDecksing
|
Drugs & Compounds
for ADAR gene(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences,
EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience
HMDB,
BitterDB, and/or
Novoseek, and Drugs according to
DrugBank,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or
PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news
search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section
|
ADAR for compounds About GeneDecksing
 Browse Tocris compounds for ADAR
10/11 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for ADAR gene (see all 11) About this table
| Compound |
-log (P-Val) |
Hits |
PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences) |
| inosine |
90.1 |
31 |
8643357 (1), 9020165 (1), 9614652 (1), 10200312 (1) (see all 25) |
| red 2 |
86.3 |
1 |
10581403 (1) |
| guanosine |
51.8 |
1 |
7543593 (1) |
| glutamate |
50 |
20 |
14559151 (2), 8647818 (2), 8595560 (2), 10581403 (1) (see all 15) |
| cytidine |
47.6 |
4 |
7972084 (1), 8722180 (1), 10376681 (1), 7615504 (1) |
| 2',5'-oligoadenylate |
37.7 |
1 |
11585785 (1) |
| deoxyribose |
31.2 |
1 |
11752786 (1) |
| arginine |
18 |
11 |
9202292 (2), 16120648 (1), 8598204 (1), 15659327 (1) |
| glutamine |
10.6 |
3 |
9202292 (1), 8598204 (1), 8995285 (1) |
| glycerol |
4.85 |
1 |
9222368 (1) |
Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about ADAR / DSRAD
|
Transcripts
for ADAR gene(Secondary structures according to
fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene
(Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or
AceView,
transcript ids from Ensembl
with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc,
alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or
ECgene,
RNAi Products from
EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from
OriGene,
QIAGEN,
shRNA from
OriGene,
Sirion Biotech,
microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from
OriGene,
SwitchGear Genomics,
GenScript,
DNA2.0,
Vector BioLabs,
Primers from
OriGene,
SABiosciences, and/or
QIAGEN
)
About This Section
|
REFSEQ mRNAs for ADAR gene (5 alternative transcripts): NM_001025107.2 NM_001111.4 NM_001193495.1 NM_015840.3 NM_015841.3 Unigene Cluster for ADAR: Adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific Hs.12341 [show with all ESTs]Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_00119349511 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant: ENST00000368474(uc001ffh.3 uc001ffj.3 uc001ffi.3 uc001ffn.2)
ENST00000368471(uc001ffl.1) ENST00000492630 ENST00000529168 ENST00000530954
ENST00000534279 ENST00000463920 ENST00000494866(uc001ffm.1) ENST00000471068
ENST00000526905 ENST00000292205(uc021pag.1 uc001ffk.3)
Clone
Products: | | OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for ADAR (see all 8)
OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for ADAR (see all 5)
OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis,
variant library, vector shuttling
| | | GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 5): ADAR (NM_001111) | | | DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene
Synthesis Service for ADAR | | | Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat ADAR |
Additional cDNA sequence: AB209891.1 AK304153.1 BC017853.1 BC038227.1 BX538232.1 BX640741.1 EF190448.1 EF190449.1 EF190450.1 EF190451.1 EF190452.1 EF190453.1 U10439.1 U18121.1 X79448.1 X79449.1 X98559.1 X98563.1 24/33 DOTS entries (see all 33): DT.449598 DT.100658403 DT.91846984 DT.100658458 DT.95272413 DT.100658457 DT.95091272 DT.95134022 DT.95340523 DT.100658453 DT.100658460 DT.100853482 DT.121357319 DT.91878250 DT.121357314 DT.85104621 DT.121357358 DT.87077558 DT.91792987 DT.91793012 DT.100658459 DT.121357295 DT.121357330 DT.40235011 24/776 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 776): AW002028 AW172943 CD108625 BM463463 AA621803 CA443519 AI984545 AV729485 AL039220 F03505 AI707980 CB134579 CA426250 AI473455 AA644678 AA130768 AI758596 T31860 BM874343 BU539016 AU140570 BQ671375 BQ224382 CB144936
GeneLoc Exon Structure
5/13 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for ADAR (see all 13) About this scheme
| ExUns: | 1a | · | 1b | ^ | 2 | ^ | 3 | ^ | 4 | ^ | 5 | ^ | 6 | ^ | 7 | ^ | 8a | · | 8b | · | 8c | · | 8d | · | 8e | · | 8f | ^ | 9 | ^ | 10 | ^ | 11 | ^ | 12 | ^ | 13a | · | 13b | ^ | 14 | ^ | 15 | ^ | 16 | ^ | 17 | ^ | 18a | · | 18b | · |
|---|
|
| SP1: | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | | | |
| SP2: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | | | |
| SP3: | | | | | | | - | | - | | - | | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | | | |
| SP4: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | | | |
| SP5: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | | | | | | | | | | |
| ExUns: | 18c | ^ | 19a | · | 19b | ^ | 20a | · | 20b | · | 20c | ^ | 21a | · | 21b | ^ | 22a | · | 22b | ^ | 23 |
|---|
|
| SP1: | | | | | | | | | | | - | | - | | | | | | | | | | |
| SP2: | | | | | | | | | | | - | | - | | | | | | | | | | |
| SP3: | | | | | | | | | | | - | | - | | | | | | | | | | |
| SP4: | - | | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| SP5: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for ADAR
|
Expression
for ADAR gene
(RNA expression data according to
H-InvDB,
NONCODE,
miRBase, and
RNAdb,
Expression images according to data from
BioGPS,
Illumina Human BodyMap, and
CGAP
SAGE,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™,
plus additional links to
Genevestigator, and/or
SOURCE, and/or
BioGPS, and/or
UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from
SABiosciences,
Primers from
OriGene,
SABiosciences, and/or
QIAGEN,
In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section
| ADAR expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: CCCCTCTGAG
About this image
See ADAR Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for ADAR
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.12341
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DSRAD_HUMAN, P55265Tissue specificity: Ubiquitously expressed, highest levels were found in brain and lung. Isoform 5 is expressed athigher levels in astrocytomas as compared to normal brain tissue and expression increases strikingly with the severityof the tumor, being higher in the most aggressive tumors
SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including ADAR:
Primer
Products: | | OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for ADAR
Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
| | | SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat ADAR | | | QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat ADAR | | | QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat ADAR | In Situ
Assay Products: |
| Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for ADAR |
Orthologs
for ADAR gene
(Orthologs according to
1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version),
3euGenes,
4SGD
,
5MGI Mar 06 2013,
with possible further links to
Flybase
and/or
WormBase,
and/or
6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara ,
Gene Trees according to Ensembl and
TreeFam)
About This Section
|
This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.
Orthologs for ADAR gene from 7/17 species (see all 17) About this table
| Organism |
Taxonomic
classification |
Gene |
Description |
Human
Similarity |
Orthology
Type |
Details |
chicken
(Gallus gallus) |
Aves |
ADAR1 |
adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific |
64.38(n)
61.86(a) |
|
769675 XM_001232161.1 XP_001232162.1 |
lizard
(Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia |
ADAR6-- |
-- |
49(a)22(a) |
possible ortholog1 ↔ 1 |
AAWZ02039319(963-8808) GL344076.1(49533-68790) |
African clawed frog
(Xenopus laevis) |
Amphibia |
adar-A-prov2 |
dsRNA adenosine deaminase |
76.18(n) |
|
U88066.1 |
zebrafish
(Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii |
adar2 |
adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific |
75.34(n) |
|
58119 AF124332.1 |
worm
(Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea |
adr-13 |
Expression: nervous system, vulva,
gastrulating more |
34(a) |
|
III(7302919-7304628) -- |
thale cress
(Arabidopsis thaliana) |
eudicotyledons |
AT1G017606 |
Adenosine-deaminase (editase) domain-containing pr... |
24(a) |
1 → many |
1(276266-278448) |
rice
(Oryza sativa) |
Liliopsida |
-- |
tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase 1, putative, exp... |
20(a) |
1 → many |
4(34707824-34713684) |
ENSEMBL Gene Tree for ADAR (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for ADAR (if available) |
Paralogs
for ADAR gene(Paralogs according to
1HomoloGene,
2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section
| Paralogs for ADAR gene
- ADARB22 ADAT12 ADARB12 ADAD22 ADAD12
6 SIMAP similar genes for ADAR using alignment to 6 protein entries: DSRAD_HUMAN (see all proteins):EIF2AK2 TARBP2 ADARB2 RED1 ADAR2d ADARB1
ADAR for paralogs About GeneDecksing
|
Genomic Variants
for ADAR gene(SNPs/Variants according to the
1NCBI SNP Database,
2Ensembl,
3PupaSUITE,
UniProtKB, and
DNA2.0,
Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap,
Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene
Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation
Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT,
Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN,
Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section
|
| Genomic Data | Transcription Related Data | Allele Frequencies | | SNP ID | Valid | Clinical
significance | Chr 1 pos | Sequence | # | AA
Chg | Type | More | # | Allele
freq | Pop | Total
sample | More |
|---|
HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for ADAR (154554533 - 154600475 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 3 variations for ADAR
1 CNV: 6788
2 Indels: 10999 10998
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): ADAR
| SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays |
| | QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing ADAR |
|
Disorders
/ Diseases
for ADAR gene
(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards,
OMIM, UniProtKB,
the University of Copenhagen DISEASES
database, Novoseek,
Genatlas, GeneTests,
GAD,
HuGE Navigator,
and/or TGDB.)
About This Section
|
ADAR for disorders About GeneDecksing
OMIM gene information: 146920
OMIM disorders: 127400
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DSRAD_HUMAN, P55265
Defects in ADAR are a cause of dyschromatosis symmetrical hereditaria (DSH) [MIM:127400]; also known asreticulate acropigmentation of Dohi. DSH is a pigmentary genodermatosis of autosomal dominant inheritancecharacterized by a mixture of hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules distributed on the dorsal parts of the handsand feet
20/27  diseases for ADAR (see all 27): About MalaCardsdyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria dengue hemorrhagic fever hemorrhagic fever
steatitis lymphocytic choriomeningitis lupus erythematosus systemic lupus erythematosus
skin disease gastroenteritis teratocarcinoma hyperaldosteronism
down syndrome hepatitis c stomatitis hepatitis b
measles acute leukemia hepatitis influenza
2 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for ADAR:Steatitis Early onset absence epilepsy 9 Novoseek disease relationships for ADAR gene About this table
Genetic Association Database (GAD): ADAR
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: ADAR (10 documents)
Export disorders for ADAR gene to outside databases
|
Publications
for ADAR gene (in
PubMed.
Associations of this gene to articles via
1Entrez Gene,
2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
3HGNC,
4GAD,
5PharmGKB,
6HMDB,
7DrugBank,
8UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
9 Novoseek, and/or
10fRNAdb)
About This Section
|
PubMed articles for ADAR gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 247):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with ADAR) | |  | Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information |
- Molecular cloning of cDNA for double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase, a candidate enzyme for nuclear RNA editing. (PubMed id 7972084)1, 2, 3, 9 Kim U.... Nishikura K. (1994)
- ADAR1 interacts with NF90 through double-stranded RNA and regulates NF90-mediated gene expression independently of RNA editing. (PubMed id 16055709)1, 2, 9 Nie Y.... Yang J.-H. (2005)
- A new arginine substitution mutation of DSRAD gene in a Chinese family with dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria. (PubMed id 15659327)1, 2, 9 Li C.-R.... Zhu W.-Y. (2005)
- Editing of HIV-1 RNA by the double-stranded RNA deami nase ADAR1 stimulates viral infection. (PubMed id 19651874)1, 2, 9 Doria M....Michienzi A. (2009)
- Double-stranded RNA deaminase ADAR1 increases host susceptibility to virus infection. (PubMed id 17079286)1, 2, 9 Nie Y....Yang J.H. (2007)
- Dynamic association of RNA-editing enzymes with the nucleolus. (PubMed id 12665561)1, 2, 9 Desterro J.M.P....Carmo-Fonseca M. (2003)
- SUMO-1 modification alters ADAR1 editing activity. (PubMed id 16120648)1, 2, 9 Desterro J.M.P....Carmo-Fonseca M. (2005)
- Human RNA-specific adenosine deaminase ADAR1 transcripts possess alternative exon 1 structures that initiate from different promoters, one constitutively active and the other interferon inducible. (PubMed id 10200312)1, 2, 9 George C.X. and Samuel C.E. (1999)
- RNA-specific adenosine deaminase ADAR1 suppresses mea sles virus-induced apoptosis and activation of protein kinase PKR. (PubMed id 19710021)1, 2, 9 Toth A.M....Samuel C.E. (2009)
- Seven novel mutations of the ADAR gene in Chinese families and sporadic patients with dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (DSH). (PubMed id 15146470)1, 2, 9 Zhang X.-J.... Huang W. (2004)
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External Searches for ADAR gene
(in PubMed,
OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section
|
|
Genome Databases showing ADAR gene
(According to
Entrez Gene,
HGNC,
AceView,
euGenes,
Ensembl,
miRBase,
ECgene,
Kegg,
and/or
H-InvDB)
About This Section
|
|
Other Databases showing ADAR gene
(According to HUGE)
About This Section
| -- |
Specialized Databases showing ADAR gene(According to PharmGKB,
ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section
|
| Name | Description |
| PharmGKB entry for ADAR | Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways |
|
| | |
About This Section
| Patent Information for ADAR gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving ADAR
GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search
|
Products
for ADAR gene(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0 and Sirion Biotech, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, and Sirion Biotech, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or
Enzo Life Sciences, In Situ Hybridization Assays from
Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Animal models from inGenious Targeting Laboratory)
About This Section
|
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| | |  | OriGene Antibodies for ADAR | | OriGene shRNA RFP for ADAR | | | OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for ADAR | | OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for ADAR | | | OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate for ADAR | | Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits | | | OriGene siRNA for ADAR | | OriGene 3'-UTR Clone for ADAR | | | OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for ADAR | | OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for ADAR | | | Browse OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector | | Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids | | | Browse OriGene basic RS shRNAs | | Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs | | | OriGene Purified Protein for ADAR | | OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis,
variant library, vector shuttling | | | OriGene Custom Antibody Services for ADAR | | OriGene Custom Protein Services for ADAR | | | OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development | | |
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| | | QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of in human, mouse, rat ADAR | | | QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing ADAR | | | QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat ADAR | | | QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat ADAR | | | QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat ADAR | | | QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat ADAR |
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| | | | | Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for ADAR |
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| | | Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat ADAR |
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