ADAL Gene(Protein Coding)

Adenosine Deaminase-Like

GCID:: GC15P043330

GIFtS:: 45

Genes Participants

Aliases for ADAL Gene

Adenosine Deaminase-Like ² ³ ⁵
EC 3.5.4.- ⁴
EC 3.5.4 ⁶³

External Ids for ADAL Gene

HGNC: 31853
Entrez Gene: 161823
Ensembl: ENSG00000168803
UniProtKB: Q6DHV7

Previous GeneCards Identifiers for ADAL Gene

GC15P041416
GC15P043622
GC15P020471

Export aliases for ADAL gene to outside databases

Summaries for ADAL Gene

GeneCards Summary for ADAL Gene

ADAL (Adenosine Deaminase-Like) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are Purine metabolism and Abacavir transport and metabolism. GO annotations related to this gene include adenosine deaminase activity and deaminase activity.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for ADAL Gene

ADAL_HUMAN,Q6DHV7

Putative nucleoside deaminase. May catalyze the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine or some similar substrate and play a role in purine metabolism (By similarity).

No data available for Entrez Gene Summary , Tocris Summary , Gene Wiki entry , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for ADAL Gene

Genomics for ADAL Gene

Regulatory Elements for ADAL Gene

Enhancers for ADAL Gene

GeneHancer Identifier	Score	Enhancer Sources	TSS distance (kb)	Number of Genes Away	Size (kb)	Transcription Factor Binding Sites within enhancer	Other Gene Targets for Enhancer

Enhancers around ADAL on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Promoters for ADAL Gene

Ensembl Regulatory Elements (ENSRs)	TSS Distance (bp)	Size (bp)	Binding Sites for Transcription Factors within promoters

ENSRs around ADAL on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the ADAL gene promoter:

See All at QIAGEN

Regulatory Element Products

Genomic Location for ADAL Gene

Chromosome:: 15

Start:: 43,330,356 bp from pter
End:: 43,354,555 bp from pter

Size:: 24,200 bases
Orientation:: Plus strand

Genomic View for ADAL Gene

Genes around ADAL on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Cytogenetic band:

15q15.3 by Ensembl
15q15.3 by Entrez Gene
15q15.3 by HGNC

ADAL Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)

Genomic Location for ADAL Gene — Genomic Neighborhood • Exon Structure • Gene Density

RefSeq DNA sequence for ADAL Gene

Proteins for ADAL Gene

Protein details for ADAL Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Protein Symbol:

Q6DHV7-ADAL_HUMAN

Recommended name:

Adenosine deaminase-like protein

Protein Accession:

Q6DHV7

Secondary Accessions:
- A6NHZ3
- B4DQM8
Protein attributes for ADAL Gene

Size:

355 amino acids

Molecular mass:

40264 Da

Cofactor:

Name=Zn(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29105;

Quaternary structure:

No Data Available
Alternative splice isoforms for ADAL Gene
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:
Q6DHV7-1

Q6DHV7-2

Q6DHV7-3

neXtProt entry for ADAL Gene

Proteomics data for ADAL Gene at MOPED

Protein Expression for ADAL Gene

See protein expression from ProteomicsDB, MOPED, PaxDb, and MaxQB

Selected DME Specific Peptides for ADAL Gene

Q6DHV7:

Post-translational modifications for ADAL Gene

No Post-translational modifications

Other Protein References for ADAL Gene

ENSEMBL proteins:

REFSEQ proteins:

Antibody Products

Browse EMD Millipore's Extensive Line of Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies

Browse R&D Systems for Antibodies

Browse OriGene Antibodies

Novus Biologicals Antibodies for ADAL

Abcam antibodies for ADAL

Browse Antibodies at Cloud-Clone Corp.

Invitrogen Antibodies for ADAL

antibodies-online Antibodies for ADAL: See all 23

Search GeneTex for Antibodies for ADAL

Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for ADAL
- ADAL (E-12)
- ADAL (S-12)

Protein Products

Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore

Browse R&D Systems for Human Recombinant Proteins

Browse Enzo Life Sciences for proteins

OriGene Purified Proteins for ADAL
- NM_001012969
- NM_001159280
Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for ADAL
Origene Custom Protein Services for ADAL

GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for ADAL

Novus Biologicals proteins and lysates for ADAL

Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins

Browse Proteins at Cloud-Clone Corp.

Search eBioscience for ADAL related proteins

antibodies-online Proteins for ADAL: See all 7
Search antibodies-online for peptides

Search GeneTex for Proteins for ADAL

Abcam proteins for ADAL

Assay Products

Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore

Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays

GenScript Custom Assay Services for ADAL

Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays

Browse Assay Kits at Cloud-Clone Corp.

Search eBioscience for ADAL related elisas

antibodies-online Kits for ADAL: See all 4

Search for Assays for ADAL at Abcam

Domains & Families for ADAL Gene

Protein Domains for ADAL Gene

InterPro:

ProtoNet:

Q6DHV7

Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for ADAL Gene

GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry

Q6DHV7

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

ADAL_HUMAN :

Belongs to the adenosine and AMP deaminases family.

Family:

Belongs to the adenosine and AMP deaminases family.

No data available for Gene Families for ADAL Gene

Function for ADAL Gene

Molecular function for ADAL Gene

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:

Putative nucleoside deaminase. May catalyze the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine or some similar substrate and play a role in purine metabolism (By similarity).

ADAL_HUMAN,Q6DHV7

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) for ADAL Gene

EC 3.5.4 ⁶³
EC 3.5.4.- ⁴

Phenotypes for ADAL Gene

GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for ADAL:

Animal Model Products

Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for ADAL
- Adal

ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for ADAL gene
- LH803994
- LH877224
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for ADAL gene
- SH803994
- SH877224
Search ViGene Biosciences for ADAL

No data available for Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function , Human Phenotype Ontology , Animal Models , miRNA , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for ADAL Gene

Localization for ADAL Gene

Subcellular locations from

COMPARTMENTS

Compartment	Confidence
cytosol	5
cytoskeleton	2
nucleus	2
peroxisome	1

No data available for Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for ADAL Gene

Pathways & Interactions for ADAL Gene

SuperPathways for ADAL Gene

More details on SuperPathways for ADAL

	Superpath	Contained pathways
1	Purine metabolism	Metabolism of nucleotides .38 Purine metabolism .38	Purine salvage 1
2	Abacavir transport and metabolism	Abacavir metabolism 1	Abacavir transport and metabolism 1
3	Metabolism	Metabolism .38

Pathways by source for ADAL Gene

6 Reactome pathways for ADAL Gene

Interacting Proteins for ADAL Gene

http://string-db.org/version_10/api/image/networkList?limit=0&targetmode=proteins&caller_identity=gene_cards&network_flavor=evidence&identifiers=9606.ENSP00000413074%0d%0a9606.ENSP00000355689%0d%0a9606.ENSP00000367615%0d%0a9606.ENSP00000341044%0d%0a9606.ENSP00000344789%0d%0a9606.ENSP00000304697%0d%0a — STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

Selected Interacting proteins: ENSP00000413074 for ADAL Gene via STRING

Symbol	External ID(s)	Details
ACACB	ENSP00000341044 ²⁰	STRING: ENSP00000341044
ADK	ENSP00000286621 ²⁰	STRING: ENSP00000286621
APRT	ENSP00000367615 ²⁰	STRING: ENSP00000367615
CECR2	ENSP00000262608 ²⁰	STRING: ENSP00000262608
DNAJB6	ENSP00000262177 ²⁰	STRING: ENSP00000262177

Gene Ontology (GO) - Biological Process for ADAL Gene

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0006154	adenosine catabolic process	IBA	--
GO:0008152	metabolic process	IEA	--
GO:0009117	nucleotide metabolic process	IEA	--
GO:0044281	small molecule metabolic process	TAS	--
GO:0055086	nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process	TAS	--

No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for ADAL Gene

Drugs & Compounds for ADAL Gene

No Compound Related Data Available

Drug Products

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for ADAL

Browse compounds at ApexBio

Transcripts for ADAL Gene

mRNA/cDNA for ADAL Gene

(10) REFSEQ mRNAs :

(3) Additional mRNA sequences :

(94) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:

(8) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :

Unigene Clusters for ADAL Gene

Adenosine deaminase-like:

Hs.533913

Representative Sequences:

NM_001159280

CRISPR Products

OriGene CRISPR knockouts for ADAL
- KN210093
- KN300813

Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for ADAL

GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for ADAL

miRNA Products

Search ViGene Biosciences for ADAL

SwitchGear ADAL 3' UTR sequence
Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids

Inhibitory RNA Products

Origene siRNA, shRNA, mouse_rna, rat_shrna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for ADAL
Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For ADAL

ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for ADAL gene
- SH803994
- SH877224

Search Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) for ADAL siRNA/shRNA

Clone Products

OriGene clones in human for ADAL
OriGene ORF clones in human,mouse,rat for ADAL
Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling

GenScript: Next-day shipping cDNA clones in your preferred vector

Browse Sino Biological cDNA Clones

Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat

Search Addgene for plasmids for ADAL

Flow Cytometry Products

eBioscience FlowRNA Probe Sets

Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for ADAL Gene

No ASD Table

Relevant External Links for ADAL Gene

GeneLoc Exon Structure for: ADAL
ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for: ADAL

Expression for ADAL Gene

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for ADAL Gene

Protein differential expression in normal tissues from HIPED for ADAL Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Gallbladder (19.9), Heart (13.6), Tlymphocyte (11.7), and Retina (10.0).

Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, PaxDb, MOPED, and MaxQB for ADAL Gene

Integrated Proteomics: protein expression from ProteomicsDB, PaxDb, MOPED, and MaxQB for ADAL Gene

Integrated proteomics: cell line protein expression from ProteomicsDB, MOPED and MaxQB for ADAL Gene

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for ADAL Gene Hs.533913

Protein tissue co-expression partners for ADAL Gene

CCSER2

Primer Products

OriGene qPCR primer pairs for ADAL
- HP202261
OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for ADAL
- HK208608

No data available for mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery , mRNA differential expression in normal tissues and mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for ADAL Gene

Orthologs for ADAL Gene

This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

Orthologs for ADAL Gene

Organism	Taxonomy	Gene	Similarity	Type	Details
cow (Bos Taurus)	Mammalia	ADAL ³⁵	89.13 (n) 84.78 (a)		512667 NM_001075577.1 NP_001069045.1
cow (Bos Taurus)	Mammalia	ADAL ³⁶	78 (a)	OneToOne	21:55610774-55626668
dog (Canis familiaris)	Mammalia	ADAL ³⁵	92.58 (n) 91.16 (a)		100856728 XM_005638326.1 XP_005638383.1
dog (Canis familiaris)	Mammalia	ADAL ³⁶	84 (a)	OneToOne	30:10194803-10213191
mouse (Mus musculus)	Mammalia	Adal ³⁵	84.36 (n) 83.44 (a)		75894 NM_029475.1 NP_083751.1
		Adal ¹⁶			121140428
		Adal ³⁶	75 (a)	OneToOne	2:121140428-121156680
chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)	Mammalia	ADAL ³⁵	99.7 (n) 99.7 (a)		453376 XM_003314656.2 XP_003314704.1
chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)	Mammalia	ADAL ³⁶	92 (a)	OneToOne	15:40351220-40370026
oppossum (Monodelphis domestica)	Mammalia	ADAL ³⁶	73 (a)	OneToOne	1:201253484-201269380
platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus)	Mammalia	ADAL ³⁶	63 (a)	OneToOne	Ultra5:7539231-7546421
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	ADAL ³⁵	74.39 (n) 74.13 (a)		415391 NM_001030547.1 NP_001025718.1
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	ADAL ³⁶	66 (a)	OneToOne	10:5735057-5743901
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	ADAL ³⁶	59 (a)	OneToOne	GL343644.1:421-5565
tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis)	Amphibia	adal ³⁵	68.72 (n) 66.56 (a)		100125134 NM_001103035.1 NP_001096505.1
tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis)	Amphibia	Str.12484 ³⁵			BX713295.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	adal ³⁵	62.94 (n) 63.9 (a)		619263 NM_001033744.1 NP_001028916.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	adal ³⁶	57 (a)	OneToOne	25:21047836-21054874
African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)	Insecta	AgaP_AGAP005158 ³⁵	50.28 (n) 45.79 (a)		1274840 XM_314048.4 XP_314048.4
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	Ada ³⁵	47.4 (n) 42.2 (a)		41092 NM_141609.3 NP_649866.1
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	Ada ³⁶	33 (a)	OneToOne	3R:4890905-4892025
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)	Secernentea	C44B7.12 ³⁵	46.49 (n) 34.54 (a)		259441 NM_182155.4 NP_871955.2
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)	Secernentea	C44B7.12 ³⁶	27 (a)	OneToOne	II:6891714-6893635
thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)	eudicotyledons	AT4G04880 ³⁵	50.33 (n) 41.67 (a)		825826 NM_116726.3 NP_192397.2
rice (Oryza sativa)	Liliopsida	Os07g0661000 ³⁵	51.54 (n) 41.45 (a)		4344179 NM_001067069.1 NP_001060534.1
sea squirt (Ciona savignyi)	Ascidiacea	-- ³⁶	35 (a)	OneToOne	reftig_633:22998-24641

Species with no ortholog for ADAL:

A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
barley (Hordeum vulgare)
beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
corn (Zea mays)
E. coli (Escherichia coli)
filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
honey bee (Apis mellifera)
K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
moss (Physcomitrella patens)
orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
pig (Sus scrofa)
rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
rat (Rattus norvegicus)
rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
soybean (Glycine max)
stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Evolution for ADAL Gene

ENSEMBL:: Gene Tree for ADAL (if available)
TreeFam:: Gene Tree for ADAL (if available)

Paralogs for ADAL Gene

Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for ADAL Gene

PGOHUM00000242472

No data available for Paralogs for ADAL Gene

Variants for ADAL Gene

Sequence variations from dbSNP and Humsavar for ADAL Gene

SNP ID	Clin	Chr 15 pos	Sequence Context	Type
rs5812244	--	43,333,421(+)	AAAAG(-/A)AAAAA	intron-variant, utr-variant-5-prime
rs6493081	--	43,342,511(+)	TGGGA(C/G)GCCAA	intron-variant
rs6493082	--	43,342,610(+)	CTGGG(C/T)GTGGT	intron-variant
rs6493083	--	43,345,787(+)	CTGGC(C/T)GTACT	intron-variant
rs11858152	--	43,341,998(+)	CACAC(C/T)TGGCT	intron-variant

Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for ADAL Gene

Variant ID	Type	Subtype	PubMed ID
nsv1512	CNV	Loss	18451855

Variation tolerance for ADAL Gene

Residual Variation Intolerance Score: 56.3% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

Gene Damage Index Score: 2.53; 44.15% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Relevant External Links for ADAL Gene

Disorders for ADAL Gene

Relevant External Links for ADAL

Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology:: ADAL

No disorders were found for ADAL Gene.

No data available for MalaCards , UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for ADAL Gene

Publications for ADAL Gene

Mutations in adenosine deaminase-like (ADAL) protein confer resistance to the antiproliferative agents N6-cyclopropyl-PMEDAP and GS-9219. (PMID: 23645737) Frey C.R. … Cihlar T. (Anticancer Res. 2013) ³ ⁶⁷
Insights into RNA biology from an atlas of mammalian mRNA-binding proteins. (PMID: 22658674) Castello A. … Hentze M.W. (Cell 2012) ³
Adenosine deaminase-like protein 1 (ADAL1): characterization and substrate specificity in the hydrolysis of N(6)- or O(6)-substituted purine or 2-aminopurine nucleoside monophosphates. (PMID: 21755941) Murakami E. … Furman P.A. (J. Med. Chem. 2011) ³
Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. (PMID: 12477932) Strausberg R.L. … Marra M.A. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2002) ³