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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

ACSL1 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 63
GCID: GC04M185676

acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1

(Previous names: fatty-acid-Coenzyme A ligase, long-chain 2 )
(Previous symbol: FACL2)

Explore 6 diseases affiliated with
ACSL1 via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long-Chain Family Member 1¹ ²		Palmitoyl-CoA Ligase 1² ³
ACS1¹ ² ³ ⁵		Palmitoyl-CoA Ligase 2² ³
FACL1¹ ² ³ ⁵		LACS 1² ³
FACL2¹ ² ³ ⁵		LACS 2² ³
LACS¹ ² ³ ⁵		EC 6.2.1.3³ ⁸
LACS1¹ ² ³		Fatty-Acid-Coenzyme A Ligase, Long-Chain 1²
LACS2¹ ² ³		Lignoceroyl-CoA Synthase²
Fatty-Acid-Coenzyme A Ligase, Long-Chain 2¹ ²		Long-Chain Fatty-Acid-Coenzyme A Ligase 1²
Acyl-CoA Synthetase 1² ³		Long-Chain-Fatty-Acid--CoA Ligase 1²
Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 1² ³		Paltimoyl-CoA Ligase 1²
Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 2² ³		EC 6.2.1⁸
Long-Chain Fatty Acid-CoA Ligase 2² ³

External Ids:	HGNC: 3569¹	Entrez Gene: 2180²	Ensembl: ENSG00000151726⁷	OMIM: 152425⁵	UniProtKB: P33121³

Export aliases for ACSL1 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC04M186373 GC04M186051 GC04M185914 GC04M181430

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for ACSL1:

The protein encoded by this gene is an isozyme of the long-chain fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase family. Although

differing in substrate specificity, subcellular localization, and tissue distribution, all isozymes of this family

convert free long-chain fatty acids into fatty acyl-CoA esters, and thereby play a key role in lipid biosynthesis and

fatty acid degradation. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ACSL1_HUMAN, P33121

Function: Activation of long-chain fatty acids for both synthesis of cellular lipids, and degradation via

beta-oxidation. Preferentially uses palmitoleate, oleate and linoleate

Gene Wiki entry for ACSL1

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000004.11 NC_018915.1 NT_016354.19

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the ACSL1 gene promoter:
AP-2alpha isoform 3 AP-2alpha isoform 2 Evi-1 PPAR-alpha PPAR-gamma1 FOXO4 AP-2alpha isoform 4 PPAR-gamma2 AP-2alpha AP-2alphaA
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 7): ACSL1 promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for ACSL1

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat ACSL1

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 4q35 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 4q35.1 HGNC cytogenetic band: 4q35

ACSL1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
ACSL1 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 4 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC04M185676: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	185,676,749 bp from pter	End:	185,747,972 bp from pter
Size:	71,224 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ACSL1_HUMAN, P33121 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 1

Size: 698 amino acids; 77943 Da

Cofactor: Magnesium

Subcellular location: Mitochondrion outer membrane; Single-pass type III membrane protein (By similarity). Peroxisome

membrane; Single-pass type III membrane protein (By similarity). Microsome membrane; Single-pass type III membrane

protein (By similarity). Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type III membrane protein (By similarity)

Developmental stage: Expressed during the early stages of erythroid development while expression is very low in

reticulocytes and young erythrocytes

Sequence caution: Sequence=BAC04704.1; Type=Erroneous initiation;

Secondary accessions: D3DP57 P41215 Q8N8V7 Q8TA99

Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms: P33121-1 P33121-2 (May be due to a competing acceptor splice site. No experimental confirmation available)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for ACSL1: NX_P33121

Post-translational modifications:

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P33121

4/12 DME Specific Peptides for ACSL1 (P33121) (see all 12)

YGQTECT

LPLAHMFE

VPLYDTLG

DGWLHTGD

ACSL1 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins: NP_001986.2

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000407165 ENSP00000422607 ENSP00000425098 ENSP00000281455 ENSP00000426244

ENSP00000426491 ENSP00000425006 ENSP00000426150 ENSP00000424935 ENSP00000425640

ENSP00000405687

Reactome Protein details: P33121
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
	Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells Browse OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysates OriGene Custom Protein Services for ACSL1
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for ACSL1
	Novus Biologicals ACSL1 Proteins
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
	Uscn Proteins for ACSL1

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/9 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 9): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005625	soluble fraction	--	--
GO:0005739	mitochondrion	IDA	--
GO:0005741	mitochondrial outer membrane	TAS	--
GO:0005778	peroxisomal membrane	IEA	--
GO:0005783	endoplasmic reticulum	--	--

ACSL1 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

ACSL1 Antibody Products:

	Browse EMD Millipore's Extensive Line of Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies
	Browse R&D Systems for Antibodies
	Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Antibodies for ACSL1
	OriGene Antibodies: ACSL1 OriGene Custom Antibody Services for ACSL1
	GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for ACSL1
	Novus Biologicals ACSL1 Antibodies
	Search for Antibodies for ACSL1 at Abcam
	Uscn Antibodies for ACSL1
	ThermoFisher Antibodies for ACSL1

Assay Products for ACSL1:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for ACSL1
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for ACSL1

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

ACSL1 for domains About GeneDecksing

2 InterPro domains/families:

IPR000873 AMP-dep_Synth/Lig

IPR020845 AMP-binding_CS

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P33121

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P33121

1 Blocks protein family: IPB000873 AMP-binding signature

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ACSL1_HUMAN, P33121

Similarity: Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ACSL1_HUMAN, P33121

Function: Activation of long-chain fatty acids for both synthesis of cellular lipids, and degradation via

beta-oxidation. Preferentially uses palmitoleate, oleate and linoleate

Catalytic activity: ATP + a long-chain fatty acid + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + an acyl-CoA

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 6.2.1.3¹ ² EC 6.2.1²

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: ACSL1 Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat ACSL1
		8/59 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate ACSL1 (see all 59):
		hsa-miR-2052 hsa-miR-19b-2* hsa-miR-376b hsa-miR-15a hsa-miR-301a hsa-miR-218 hsa-miR-766 hsa-miR-449a

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: ACSL1 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for ACSL1 (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: ACSL1 OriGene siRNA: ACSL1
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat ACSL1

Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for ACSL1

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for ACSL1 (see all 3) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for ACSL1 OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: ACSL1 (NM_001995)
		Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for ACSL1
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat ACSL1

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for ACSL1
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for ACSL1

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for ACSL1

Gene Ontology (GO): 4 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0003824	catalytic activity	--	--
GO:0004467	long-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase activity	TAS	--
GO:0005524	ATP binding	IEA	--
GO:0016874	ligase activity	--	--

ACSL1 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

4 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for ACSL1:

Decreased viability of wild-ty

Increased cell number in S and

Proliferating cells

Synthetic lethal with imatinib

Animal Models:
3 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 1 allele) (MGI details for Acsl1):

adipose tissue

growth/size

homeostasis/metabolism

ACSL1 for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/13 super-pathways (see all 13) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

fatty acid alpha-oxidation II

	fatty acid alpha-oxidation II	1.00			stearate biosynthesis I (animals)	0.43
	fatty acid activation	0.67			fatty acid beta-oxidation I	0.39

Regulation of Lipid Metabolism by Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha)

	Regulation of Lipid Metabolism by Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha)	1.00			Fatty acid, triacylglycerol, and ketone body metabolism	0.52
	PPARA Activates Gene Expression	0.74

alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism

	alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism	1.00			Linoleic acid (LA) metabolism	0.55
	alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) metabolism	1.00

Metabolism

	Metabolism	1.00			Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins	0.34
	Metabolic pathways	0.38

Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation

	Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation	1.00			Fatty acid metabolism	0.32
	Mitochondrial LC-Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation	0.35

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for ACSL1

Glucose / Energy Metabolism

5/9 BioSystems Pathways for ACSL1 (see all 9)

	gamma-linolenate biosynthesis II (animals)
	fatty acid alpha-oxidation II
	fatty acid beta-oxidation I
	stearate biosynthesis I (animals)
	Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation

5/12 Reactome Pathways for ACSL1 (see all 12)

	Expression of ACSL1
	Metabolism
	Synthesis of very long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs
	Triglyceride Biosynthesis
	alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) metabolism

5 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for ACSL1):

	Fatty acid metabolism
	Metabolic pathways
	PPAR signaling pathway
	Peroxisome
	Adipocytokine signaling pathway

ACSL1 for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

Search SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Networks for ACSL1

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/62 Interacting proteins for ACSL1 (P33121³ ENSP00000281455⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 62)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
ABCD2	Q9UBJ2³	I2D: score=1
AGL	P35573³	I2D: score=1
AMY2A	P04746³	I2D: score=1
APOA1	P02647³	I2D: score=1
APOE	P02649³	I2D: score=1

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/20 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 20): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001676	long-chain fatty acid metabolic process	IDA	--
GO:0006631	fatty acid metabolic process	--	--
GO:0007584	response to nutrient	IEA	--
GO:0008610	lipid biosynthetic process	IDA	--
GO:0010033	response to organic substance	--	--

ACSL1 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

ACSL1 for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for ACSL1

10/47 HMDB Compounds for ACSL1 (see all 47) About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
(2E)-Decenoyl-CoA	(E)-S-2-decenoate Coenzyme A (see all 15)	10018-95-8	--
(2E)-Dodecenoyl-CoA	2-trans-Dodecenoyl-Coenzyme A (see all 4)	1066-12-2	--
(2E)-Hexadecenoyl-CoA	trans-2-Hexadecenoyl-CoA (see all 4)	4460-95-1	--
(2E)-Octenoyl-CoA	(E)-S-2-octenoate Coenzyme A (see all 16)	10018-94-7	--
(2E)-Tetradecenoyl-CoA	(2E)-Tetradecenoyl-Coenzyme A (see all 8)	38795-33-4	--
2-Methylbutyryl-CoA	2-methylbutanoyl-CoA (see all 11)	6712-02-3	--
2-Methylhexanoyl-CoA	2-Methylhexanoyl-CoEnzyme A (see all 5)	--	--
20-COOH-leukotriene E4	20-COOH-LTE4 (see all 3)	--	--
3Z-dodecenoyl-CoA	S-[2-[3-[[(2R)-4-[[[(2R,3R,5R)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-phosphonooxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]ethyl] (Z)-dodec-3-enethioate (see all 4)	2152-91-2	--
6,9,12,15,18,21-Tetracosahexaenoic acid	all-cis-6,9,12,15,18,21-tetracosahexaenoate (see all 8)	--	--

2 DrugBank Compounds for ACSL1 About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
Adenosine monophosphate	5'-Adenosine monophosphate (see all 15)	61-19-8	target	product of	17350930 16981708
Adenosine triphosphate	5'-ATP (see all 8)	56-65-5	target	--	17139284 17016423

6 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for ACSL1 gene About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
acyl-coa	80.4	12	19392700 (3), 15051725 (1), 17690180 (1), 11716462 (1) (see all 8)
fatty acid	56.7	11	16788709 (2), 16705061 (2), 15168018 (1), 17690180 (1) (see all 6)
oleic acid	41	2	15051725 (1), 16705061 (1)
lactose	39	2	11406582 (1), 16505367 (1)
galactose	36	1	16505367 (1)
lipid	27.7	3	16788709 (1), 16705061 (1)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about ACSL1

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for ACSL1 gene:

NM_001995.2

Unigene Cluster for ACSL1:

Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1

Hs.406678 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001995

13 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000454703(uc003iws.1) ENST00000513001 ENST00000515030(uc003iww.2 uc011ckm.1 uc003iwt.1)

ENST00000503407 ENST00000281455(uc003iwu.1 uc011ckn.1) ENST00000507295

ENST00000506733 ENST00000504342 ENST00000513317 ENST00000504900(uc010ise.1)

ENST00000505492 ENST00000509038 ENST00000437665

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: ACSL1 Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat ACSL1
		8/59 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate ACSL1 (see all 59):
		hsa-miR-2052 hsa-miR-19b-2* hsa-miR-376b hsa-miR-15a hsa-miR-301a hsa-miR-218 hsa-miR-766 hsa-miR-449a

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: ACSL1 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for ACSL1 (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: ACSL1 OriGene siRNA: ACSL1
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat ACSL1

Clone Products:		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for ACSL1 (see all 3) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for ACSL1 OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: ACSL1 (NM_001995)
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for ACSL1
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat ACSL1

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for ACSL1 Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat ACSL1
		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat ACSL1
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat ACSL1

Additional cDNA sequence:

AK096117.1 AK292798.1 AK296550.1 AK296826.1 AK303486.1 BC026290.1 BC050073.1 D10040.1

DQ083028.1 DQ083029.1

24/27 DOTS entries (see all 27):

DT.100827268 DT.99953704 DT.449705 DT.121227975 DT.95332877 DT.100827267 DT.97841749 DT.100812273

DT.121227997 DT.91712497 DT.121227945 DT.95332925 DT.40105791 DT.92017270 DT.100028913 DT.121227957

DT.40245389 DT.95134924 DT.99927879 DT.100812272 DT.121227949 DT.40133099 DT.75109510 DT.95332919

24/416 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 416):

BE301759 BU166640 BU521671 BM981690 AI478375 AW628833 AI458957 CA405570

BU728153 AA131618 CR614171 CR597120 BP357215 BG697346 BM451270 AL539656

BM830707 BE858804 BE618093 NM_001995 AA133780 CF552850 BF475358 BG743069

GeneLoc Exon Structure

5/21 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for ACSL1 (see all 21) About this scheme

ExUns:	1	^	2a	·	2b	·	2c	·	2d	^	3	^	4a	·	4b	^	5a	·	5b	^	6a	·	6b	·	6c	·	6d	^	7a	·	7b	^	8	^	9a	·	9b	^	10a	·	10b	·	10c	^	11a	·	11b	·	11c	^	12a	·
SP1:																	-		-		-		-		-		-								-		-
SP2:
SP3:											-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-								-		-
SP4:
SP5:																											-								-		-

ExUns:	12b	^	13a	·	13b	^	14	^	15	^	16	^	17	^	18	^	19a	·	19b	^	20	^	21	^	22a	·	22b	·	22c	^	23a	·	23b	·	23c	^	24	^	25	^	26	^	27a	·	27b	·	27c	^	28	^	29	^
SP1:											-								-				-		-				-						-
SP2:																																			-								-
SP3:
SP4:											-								-		-
SP5:

ExUns:	30	^	31a	·	31b	·	31c
SP1:
SP2:
SP3:
SP4:
SP5:

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for ACSL1

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

ACSL1 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: TATTATATAC

About this image

ACSL1 expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

2 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Liver

Lung

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

Stem Cell Differentiation: 3 LifeMap Cells

Name

Category

PureStem™ mesenchymal Progenitor SK11 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)

Adipose, Bone, Cartilage

White adipocyte-like cells (Differentiation of ...)

Adipose

Definitive endoderm-like cells (Generation of mesend...)

See ACSL1 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for ACSL1

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.406678

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ACSL1_HUMAN, P33121

Tissue specificity: Highly expressed in liver, heart, skeletal muscle, kidney and erythroid cells, and to a lesser

extent in brain, lung, placenta and pancreas

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including ACSL1:

Fatty Acid Metabolism in human mouse rat

Insulin Resistance in human mouse rat

Drug Metabolism: Phase II Enzymes in human mouse rat

PPAR Targets in human mouse rat

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In Situ
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(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

Orthologs for ACSL1 gene from 8/32 species (see all 32) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	ACSL1¹	acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1	74.74(n) 78.08(a)		422547 NM_001012578.1 NP_001012596.1
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	ACSL1⁶	--	79(a)	1 ↔ 1	5(113195999-113227735)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	BC043756.1²	--	74.89(n)		BC043756.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	acsl1⁶ zgc:101071⁶ (see all 3)	zgc:101071 (see all 3)	70(a) 63(a) (see all 3)	1 ↔ many 1 ↔ many (see all 3)	1(16279346-16329447) 14(931645-969245)
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	CG3961⁶	--	47(a)	1 → many	3L(18871350-18883583)
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)	Secernentea	acs-13⁶ acs-5⁶ (see all 6)	fatty Acid CoA Synthetase family member (acs-14) (see all 6)	47(a) 42(a) (see all 6)	many ↔ many many ↔ many (see all 6)	I(511051-516459) III(13540037-13543433)
thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)	eudicotyledons	LACS6⁶ LACS7⁶ (see all 7)	long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 7 (see all 7)	38(a) 38(a) (see all 7)	possible ortholog possible ortholog (see all 7)	3(1786318-1791802) 5(9742576-9747005)
rice (Oryza sativa)	Liliopsida	-- -- (see all 7)	acyl-CoA synthetase protein, putative, expressed (see all 7)	38(a) 38(a) (see all 7)	possible ortholog possible ortholog (see all 7)	11(2127753-2137256) 12(2160546-2169072)

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for ACSL1 (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for ACSL1 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for ACSL1 gene

ACSBG1² ACSL3² ACSL6² ACSL4² ACSBG2² ACSL5²

6 SIMAP similar genes for ACSL1 using alignment to 10 protein entries: ACSL1_HUMAN (see all proteins):

ACSL5 ACSL6 FACL5 ACSL3 FACL4 ACSL4

ACSL1 for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 1 variation for ACSL1
1 CNV: 68866

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing ACSL1

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for ACSL1

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

ACSL1 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 152425    OMIM disorders: --

6 diseases for ACSL1:    About MalaCards

insulin resistance obesity cholesterol retinitis

hepatitis malaria

2 Novoseek disease relationships for ACSL1 gene About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
obesity	26.9	3	16788709 (1), 15168018 (1)
insulin resistance	18	3	16788709 (1), 15168018 (1)

Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: ACSL1 (4 documents)

Export disorders for ACSL1 gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for ACSL1 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 50):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with ACSL1)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)^{1, 2} Ota T.... Sugano S. (2004)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
Identification and molecular characterization of acyl-CoA synthetase in human red cells and erythroid precursor. (PubMed id 10548543)^{1, 2} Malhotra K.T.... Kuypers F.A. (1999)
Molecular cloning and sequencing of human palmitoyl-CoA ligase and its tissue specific expression. (PubMed id 8584017)^{1, 2} Ghosh B.... Singh I. (1995)
Chromosomal localization of the human gene for palmit oyl-CoA ligase (FACL1). (PubMed id 1531127)^{1, 3} Stanczak H....Singh I. (1992)
Human long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase: structure and chromosomal location. (PubMed id 1607358)^{1, 2} Abe T.... Yamamoto T. (1992)
Structure and regulation of rat long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase. (PubMed id 2341402)^{1, 3} Suzuki H....Yamamoto T. (1990)
Charting the landscape of tandem BRCT domain-mediated protein interactions. (PubMed id 22990118)¹ Woods N.T....Monteiro A.N. (2012)
Acyl coenzyme A synthetase long-chain 1 (ACSL1) gene p olymorphism (rs6552828) and elite endurance athletic status: a replication study . (PubMed id 22829935)¹ Yvert T....Lucia A. (2012)
The proteomic analysis of endogenous FAT10 substrates identifies p62/SQSTM1 as a substrate of FAT10ylation. (PubMed id 22797925)¹ Aichem A....Groettrup M. (2012)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 2180	HGNC: 3569	AceView: ACSL1	Ensembl:ENSG00000151726	euGenes: HUgn2180
ECgene: ACSL1	Kegg: 2180	H-InvDB: ACSL1

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for ACSL1	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for ACSL1	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

Intellectual Property for ACSL1 gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

About This Section

Patent Information for ACSL1 gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving ACSL1

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences),
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ACSL1 Gene

acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1

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ACSL1 (Gene Symbol)
Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long-Chain Family Member 1
ACS1
FACL1
FACL2
LACS
LACS1
LACS2
Fatty-Acid-Coenzyme A Ligase, Long-Chain 2
Acyl-CoA Synthetase 1
Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 1
Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 2
Long-Chain Fatty Acid-CoA Ligase 2
Palmitoyl-CoA Ligase 1
Palmitoyl-CoA Ligase 2
LACS 1
LACS 2
EC 6.2.1.3
Fatty-Acid-Coenzyme A Ligase, Long-Chain 1
Lignoceroyl-CoA Synthase
Long-Chain Fatty-Acid-Coenzyme A Ligase 1
Long-Chain-Fatty-Acid--CoA Ligase 1
Paltimoyl-CoA Ligase 1
EC 6.2.1

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ACSL1 Gene

acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1

Aliasesfor ACSL1 gene

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