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A2M Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 69

GC12M009103

alpha-2-macroglobulin
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc , and/or ⁷Ensembl, ⁸miRBase)
About This Section

Aliases
Alpha-2-M ^³
CPAMD5 ^¹, ², ³
DKFZp779B086 ^²
FWP007 ^¹, ²
S863-7 ^¹, ²
alpha-2-macroglobulin ^²

Descriptions
C3 and PZP-like alpha-2-macroglobulin domain-containing protein 5 ^³

External Ids
HGNC: 7¹
Entrez Gene: 2²
UniProtKB: P01023³
Ensembl: ENSG00000175899⁷

Search outside databases for aliases for A2M gene

Previous GC identifers: GC12M008928 GC12M009368 GC12M009120 GC12M009111

(According to Entrez Gene, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

EntrezGene summary for A2M:

Alpha-2-macroglobulin is a protease inhibitor and cytokine transporter. It inhibits many proteases,

including trypsin, thrombin and collagenase. A2M is implicated in Alzheimer disease (AD) due to

its ability to mediate the clearance and degradation of A-beta, the major component of

beta-amyloid deposits. [provided by RefSeq]

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: A2MG_HUMAN, P01023

Function: Is able to inhibit all four classes of proteinases by a unique 'trapping' mechanism. This

protein has a peptide stretch, called the 'bait region' which contains specific cleavage sites for

different proteinases. When a proteinase cleaves the bait region, a conformational change is

induced in the protein which traps the proteinase. The entrapped enzyme remains active against low

molecular weight substrates (activity against high molecular weight substrates is greatly

reduced). Following cleavage in the bait region a thioester bond is hydrolyzed and mediates the

covalent binding of the protein to the proteinase

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 36),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC and Ensembl, Transcription factor binding sites according to SABiosciences)
About This Section

Genomic View:

UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 12p13.3-p12.3 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 12p13.31 HGNC cytogenetic band: 12p13.31

A2M Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 12 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC12M009103: (about GC identifiers)

Start:	9,096,693 bp from pter
End:	9,160,020 bp from pter
Size:	63,328 bases
Orientation:	minus strand

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000012.10 NT_009714.16

(According to ¹UniProtKB, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to ²Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Enzo Life Sciences, Abnova, OriGene and/or, Abcam,
Biochemical Assays by Invitrogen, Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, and/or Enzo Life Sciences, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Abnova, and/or Novus Biologicals)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: A2MG_HUMAN, P01023 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Alpha-2-macroglobulin precursor

Size: 1474 amino acids; 163278 Da

Subunit: Homotetramer; disulfide-linked

Subcellular location: Secreted

Developmental stage: Contrary to the rat protein, which is an acute phase protein, this protein is

always present at high levels in circulation

PDB structure from and Proteopedia :

1BV8 (3D)

2P9R (3D)

Secondary accessions: Q13677 Q59F47 Q5QTS0 Q68DN2 Q6PIY3 Q6PN97

Post-translational modifications:

View phosphorylation sites using PhosphoSite²

REFSEQ proteins: NP_000005.2

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000385710 ENSP00000323929

Human Recombinant Proteins

	Browse Drug Discovery Central at Invitrogen for human recombinant proteins
	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at Millipore
	Sigma-Aldrich Proteins for A2M
	R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for A2M (alpha 2-Macroglobulin)
	Enzo Life Sciences proteins for A2M
	Recombinant Proteins from Abcam (alpha 2 Macroglobulin)
	Human Recombinant Proteins from Abnova (A2M)

Browse Origene for full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells

5 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component terms (links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	NAS	14718574
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IEA	--
GO:0005634	nucleus	IDA	18029348
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IDA	18029348
GO:0031093	platelet alpha granule lumen	EXP	59727

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Antibodies for A2M:

	Browse Antibodies Central at Invitrogen
	Browse Millipore's Extensive Line of Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies
	Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for A2M
	R&D Systems Antibodies for A2M (alpha 2-Macroglobulin)
	Antibodies from Abcam (alpha 2 Macroglobulin), each with their Abpromise^SM
	Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies from Abnova (A2M)
	Novus Biologicals Antibodies for A2M

Assays for A2M:

	Browse Invitrogen for biochemical assays
	Browse Kits and Assays available from Millipore
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	Browse biochemical assays available from Enzo Life Sciences

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P01023

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P01023

3 Blocks protein families:

IPB001599 Alpha-2-macroglobulin

IPB002890 Alpha-2-macroglobulin

IPB009048 Alpha-macroglobulin

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: A2MG_HUMAN, P01023

Similarity: Belongs to the protease inhibitor I39 (alpha-2-macroglobulin) family

(According to MGI Jun 06 2009, UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas,
shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Sigma-Aldrich,
RNAi Products, Clones, and Q-PCR Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, OriGene, and/or Abnova, siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, SYBR primers from OriGene, Cell-based Assays from Millipore, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (A2M)
		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (A2M)

OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_000014

Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs for A2M

Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for A2M

Sigma-Aldrich shRNA Panels and shRNA for A2M

Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs

Clones:		Invitrogen Clones for A2M
		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore

OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000014
Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000014
untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000014

Primers:

Browse Quantitative PCR Central at Invitrogen for Q-PCR LUX™ Primers

OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: NM_000014

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: A2MG_HUMAN, P01023

Function: Is able to inhibit all four classes of proteinases by a unique 'trapping' mechanism. This

protein has a peptide stretch, called the 'bait region' which contains specific cleavage sites for

different proteinases. When a proteinase cleaves the bait region, a conformational change is

induced in the protein which traps the proteinase. The entrapped enzyme remains active against low

molecular weight substrates (activity against high molecular weight substrates is greatly

reduced). Following cleavage in the bait region a thioester bond is hydrolyzed and mediates the

covalent binding of the protein to the proteinase

Genatlas biochemistry entry for A2M:

macroglobulin,alpha-2- (protease inhibitor),may be implicated in susceptibility to Alzheimer

disease (AD5)

5 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004867	serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity	IEA	--
GO:0019899	enzyme binding	IPI	11435418
GO:0019959	interleukin-8 binding	IPI	10880251
GO:0019966	interleukin-1 binding	IDA	9714181
GO:0043120	tumor necrosis factor binding	IDA	9714181

About this table

(Pathways according to Invitrogen (maps by GeneGo), Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, and/or ³STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

5/7 Sigma-Aldrich "Your Favorite Gene" Pathways for A2M (Your Favorite Gene powered by Ingenuity) (see all 7 )

Hepatic Fibrosis / Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation
IL-6 Signaling
Growth Hormone Signaling
Acute Phase Response Signaling
Coagulation System

GeneDecks A2M for the pathways selected above

About GeneDecksing

5/204 Interacting proteins for A2M (P01023² ENSP00000323929³) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING (see all 204 )

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
CTSG	P08311², ENSP00000216336³	MINT-4054731 STRING (score=.749)
ACTB	P60709²	MINT-4054731
ALPP	P05187²	MINT-4054731
APOD	P05090²	MINT-4054731
ARL8B	Q9NVJ2²	MINT-4054731

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1 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process term (links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0051260	protein homooligomerization	NAS	--

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(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
About This Section

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Small Molecules at Sigma-Aldrich

Browse Tocris compounds for A2M
8 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for A2M gene

Compound	Score	Articles	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
alpha 2 macroglobulin	97.72	16	9837695 (2), 10072300 (2), 17650594 (2), 11729951 (1) (see all 8)
methylamine	51.93	3	1383300 (1), 10441378 (1)
thermolysin	45.55	2	8730413 (1)
fibrinogen	19.92	4	16458339 (1), 10556563 (1), 8127792 (1)
lysine	0.18	2	9388263 (1)
cholesterol	0.00	1	17096854 (1)
calcium	0.00	1	9030194 (1)
tyrosine	0.00	1	9459492 (1)

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1 PharmGKB drug compound relationship for A2M gene

Drug compound	PharmGKB Relations	PubMed IDs for articles supporting these relationships
glucocorticoids	FA	14522952

About this table

(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 219 Homo sapiens; Jun 2 2009) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView,
non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, and/or Abnova,
siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (A2M)
		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (A2M)

OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_000014

Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for A2M

Sigma-Aldrich shRNA Panels and shRNA for A2M

Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs

Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs:

NM_000014

REFSEQ mRNAs for A2M gene:

NM_000014.4

Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays:

NM_000014

              OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000014
                                 Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000014
                                 untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_000014

Additional cDNA sequence:

AB209614.1 AK056852.1 AK302259.1 AK307832.1 AK308724.1 AK312482.1 AK313639.1 AY591530.1

BC026246.1 BC040071.1 BC111756.1 BX647329.1 CR621613.1 CR622895.1 CR749334.1 M11313.1

M36501.1 X54380.1

24/69 DOTS entries (see all 69 ):

DT.100708503 DT.95325241 DT.95336016 DT.100731219 DT.100034913 DT.92470853 DT.100708514 DT.121177592

DT.100708507 DT.100708502 DT.92470915 DT.40273850 DT.92065134 DT.121177572 DT.95336083 DT.320316

DT.75100459 DT.121177579 DT.100708516 DT.121177625 DT.91890739 DT.92353667 DT.95336027 DT.95336071

24/1603 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 1603 ):

AW848321 BP345930 AU134432 BM708353 CB044229 AA025398 M78048 T03355

BG766679 BQ883133 AI298235 BM955136 AI660690 BM955134 BF725574 BQ636433

CD607124 AA317698 N75440 AW376550 AL042948 AI219884 BU617315 BM726289

highest scoring ESTs for A2M:

AI969632 AL041738 AL598132 AL598205 AL598224 AL598259 AU077051 AU100595 AU140632 AU140705

Unigene Cluster for A2M:

Alpha-2-macroglobulin

Hs.212838 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: CR749334

GeneLoc Exon Structure

5/14 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for A2M (see all 14 )

ExUns:	1	^	2a	·	2b	·	2c	·	2d	·	2e	^	3a	·	3b	^	4	^	5a	·	5b	^	6a	·	6b	^	7	^	8	^	9a	·	9b	^	10a	·	10b	^	11a	·	11b	^	12a	·	12b	^	13a	·	13b	^	14a	·
SP1:															-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
SP2:
SP3:
SP4:
SP5:

ExUns:	14b	^	15a	·	15b	^	16	^	17a	·	17b	^	18a	·	18b	^	19	^	20a	·	20b	·	20c	^	21a	·	21b	^	22	^	23	^	24a	·	24b	^	25	^	26	^	27a	·	27b	^	28a	·	28b	^	29	^	30	^
SP1:	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
SP2:
SP3:
SP4:
SP5:

ExUns:	31	^	32	^	33	^	34	^	35	^	36	^	37	^	38	^	39	^	40
SP1:
SP2:
SP3:
SP4:
SP5:

About this scheme

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for A2M

2 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations:

ENST00000404455 ENST00000318602

(Experimental results according to ¹GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to ²GeneAnnot , ³GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 219 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems )
About This Section

A2M expression in normal and diseased human tissues

Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays for A2M

¹ / ² / ³

5 probe-sets matching A2M gene

Affymetrix probe-set	Array	# genes	Sensitivity	Specificity	Correlation	Length	Gb_Accession	Consensus	Uniqueness	Score	Rank
Affymetrix probe-set	Array	GeneAnnot data			GeneNote data		GeneTide data
75187_f_at²^{, 3}	U95-D	1	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.05	R83372	0.60	1.00	0.82	1
74536_i_at²^{, 3}	U95-D	1	0.85	1.00	0.99	0.92	AI969632	0.80	1.00	0.91	1
74537_f_at²^{, 3}	U95-D	1	0.81	1.00	0.99	1.03	AI969632	0.80	1.00	0.91	1
217757_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	NM_000014	0.60	1.00	0.82	1
217757_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--

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Data from

(Publications) and GNF BioGPS
About these images
About these images

CGAP SAGE TAG: TCTTGATTTA

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.212838
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: A2MG_HUMAN, P01023
Tissue specificity: Plasma

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD and/or ⁵MGI Jun 06 2009, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section

Orthologs for A2M gene from 5/9 species (see all 9 )

Organism	Gene	Locus	Description	Human Similarity	NCBI accessions
dog (Canis familiaris)	A2M¹	--	alpha-2-macroglobulin	84.7(n) 80.63(a)	477699 XM_534893.2 XP_534893.2
chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)	A2M¹	--	alpha-2-macroglobulin	99.32(n) 99.19(a)	465372 XM_001139819.1 XP_001139819.1
cow (Bos taurus)	A2M¹	--	alpha-2-macroglobulin	84.05(n) 80.08(a)	513856 XM_591612.3 XP_591612.3
rat (Rattus norvegicus)	A2m¹	--	alpha-2-macroglobulin	78(n) 73.92(a)	24153 NM_012488.1 NP_036620.1
mouse (Mus musculus)	A2m^{1, 5}	6 (61.70 cM)⁵	alpha-2-macroglobulin^{1, 5}	77.72(n)¹ 72.61(a)¹	232345¹ NM_175628.2¹ NP_783327.1¹ AI850558⁵ AY185125⁵ (see all 11)

About this table Species with no ortholog for A2M

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for A2M

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene
and ²Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to ³Pseudogene.org)
About This Section

Paralogs for A2M gene

ENSG00000177359² ENSG00000214776² PZP² CD109²

(According to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Genotyping Reagents from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

10/321 NCBI SNPs in A2M are shown (see all 321 )
(Click for Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Genotyping Assay) (see all 128)

AB	SNP ID	Valid	Chr 12 pos	Sequence	Recs	AA Chg	Type	More	Recs	Pop	Total sample	More
AB	Genomic Data				Transcription Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--			--
	rs226380^1,2	A,C,F,H,O	9159740(-)	`GTCTGT/GTCTCC`	1	--	ut5¹		13	EA MN NA EU WA	2662
	rs3026229^1,2	A,C,F,H,O	9111167(-)	`TTACAC/ACAAAA`	1	--	ng5¹		7	EU EA WA NA	544
	rs226379^1,2	A,C,F,H,O	9159852(-)	`TAGAGA/GTCTTG`	1	--	ng3¹		11	EA NA EU WA	702
	rs1805667^1,2	A,C,F,H	9111233(-)	`GAACAT/GGTCAT`	1	--	ng5¹		7	NA EU EA WA	558
	rs226405^1,2	C,F,H	9139500(-)	`AGGACG/AATGAA`	1	N/D	mis¹ ese³		9	MN EU EA WA	1022
	rs1805688^1,2	C,F,H	9111367(-)	`AAGTGT/CAAAGT`	1	--	ng5¹		4	EU EA WA	418
	rs669^1,2	C,F,H	9123535(-)	`CAGAGA/GTCAAG`	1	I/V	mis¹ ese³		17	NA MN EA EU WA	1842
	rs12309184^1,2	F,H	9160101(+)	`TAGCTG/AGCAAG`	1	--	ng3¹		4	EU EA WA	418
	rs7959149^1,2	F,H	9161399(+)	`cacggA/Ggtgaa`	1	--	ng3¹ tfbs³		4	EU EA WA	416
--	rs16918023^1,2	F	9161073(+)	`CAAATC/AAGAAA`	1	--	ng3¹		3	NA	140

About this table

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for A2M (up to first 250kb)

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, Novoseek, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, BCGD, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

OMIM: 103950

8 Novoseek disease relationships for A2M gene

Disease	Score	Articles	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
alzheimers disease	33.57	8	10688047 (3), 11106172 (1), 1709116 (1), 14637088 (1) (see all 6)
senile plaques	31.37	5	10072300 (1), 7686641 (1)
nephrotic syndrome	15.15	2	9453001 (1), 8730413 (1)
inflammation	9.04	2	1725449 (1), 7519632 (1)
rheumatoid arthritis	8.23	1	9714181 (1)
skin lesion	6.66	1	9177609 (1)
melanoma	0.00	4	1712633 (2), 9217325 (1)
tumors	0.00	2	9714181 (1), 1712633 (1)

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1 PharmGKB disease relationship for A2M gene

Disease	PharmGKB Relations	PubMed IDs for articles supporting these relationships
Alzheimer Disease	GN	12966032

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Genatlas disease: A2M

emphysema with lung destruction II (macroglobulin,alpha-2- deficiency)

Human Gene Mutation Database: A2M
Genetic Association Database: A2M
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator: A2M (46 documents)

(Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
About This Section

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Novoseek, ²HGNC, ³Entrez Gene, ⁴UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁵UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁶GAD, and/or ⁷PharmGKB)
About This Section

10/233 PubMed articles for A2M gene (see all 233 ):

Human alpha2-macroglobulin: genotype-phenotype relation. (PubMed id 14637088)^{1, 3, 6} Birkenmeier G....Reichenbach A. (2003)
Cloning of the human alpha 2-macroglobulin gene and detection of mutations in two functional domains: the bait region and the thiolester site. (PubMed id 1370808)^{1, 3, 4} Poller W.... Olek K. (1992)
Structure of the human alpha-2 macroglobulin gene and its promotor. (PubMed id 1374237)^{1, 3, 4} Matthijs G....Marynen P. (1992)
Human alpha2-macroglobulin is composed of multiple domains, as predicted by homology with complement component C3. (PubMed id 17608619)^{3, 4} Doan N. and Gettins P.G. (2007)
Functional candidate genes in age-related macular degeneration: significant association with VEGF, VLDLR, and LRP6. (PubMed id 16384981)^{3, 6} Haines J.L....Pericak-Vance M.A. (2006)
Association study of the A2M and LRP1 Genes with Alzheimer disease in the Han Chinese. (PubMed id 16040006)^{3, 6} Bian L....He L. (2005)
Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. (PubMed id 16335952)^{3, 4} Liu T.... Smith R.D. (2005)
[No evidence for genetic association between alpha-2 macroglobulin I1000V polymorphism and sporadic Alzheimer's disease in two independent Chinese populations] (PubMed id 15793779)^{3, 6} Sun Y....Ma C. (2005)
Alpha(2) macroglobulin, a PSA-binding protein, is expressed in human prostate stroma. (PubMed id 15611997)^{3, 4} Lin V.K.... Roehrborn C.G. (2005)
Genetic studies of A2M and BACE1 genes in Chinese Han Alzheimer's disease patients. (PubMed id 15931081)^{3, 6} Cai L....Ren D. (2005)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

		AND	OR
Aliases
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 2	HGNC: 7	AceView: A2M	Ensembl:ENSG00000175899	euGenes: HUgn2
ECgene: A2M	H-InvDB: A2M

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for A2M	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_2-macroglobulin

Licensable Technologies for A2M
(Available from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts)

About This Section

(Reagents available from Applied Biosystems, Antibodies and assays by Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Novus Biologicals,
Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Millipore, Abnova, and/or Invitrogen, Clones available from OriGene,and/or Invitrogen, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Tocris Bioscience)
About This Section

Products for A2M:

TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays

TaqMan ® Genotyping Assays

Free SNP selection tool

Invitrogen iPath Pathways	Invitrogen BLOCK-iT™ RNAi
Invitrogen Antibodies	Invitrogen Assays
Invitrogen Clones	Invitrogen Q-PCR Products
Invitrogen Human Recombinant Kinases	Invitrogen Custom Antibody and Peptide Service
Invitrogen Proteins / Assays / Screening Services	Search Invitrogen catalog for A2M-related products

	Millipore Custom Antibody & Bulk Services
	Millipore Preclinical / Clinical Development Services
	Millipore Immunoassay Services
	Millipore Target Screening & Profiling Services

	Predesigned and custom siRNAs for A2M		Antibodies for A2M
	Explore super-pooled esiRNAs		Proteins for A2M
	Lentivirus-delivered shRNAs for A2M		Browse small molecules at Sigma-Aldrich
	"Your Favorite Gene" Pathways		feedback

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	Cell Culture Products		ELISAs
	Flow Cytometry Kits		Protease Activity Assays & Reagents
	Cell Selection/Detection Kits & Reagents		ELISA/Assay Development Kits & Reagents
	Multiplex/Array Assay Kits & Reagents		ELISpot Kits & Development Modules
	Recombinant & Natural Proteins

	Recombinant Proteins (A2M)
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	Chimera RNAi (A2M)
	Custom Service for Mouse Mab
	Custom Service for Rabbit Pab from Full-length Protein

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	Recombinant Proteins (alpha 2 Macroglobulin)
	Antibodies (alpha 2 Macroglobulin)

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Search Tocris compounds for A2M

	Proteins for A2M
	Search www.enzolifesicences.com for proteins, assays, substrates, inhibitors & antibodies

Antibodies for A2M

GeneCards Homepage - Last full update: 1 Jul 2009 Incremental update: 13 Oct 2009

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Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

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A2M Gene at Home site.
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A2M Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 69

Aliases &
Descriptions
for A2M

Summaries
for A2M

Genomic Location
for A2M

Proteins
for A2M

Protein Domains/
Families
for A2M

Gene Function
for A2M

Pathways & Interactions
for A2M

Drugs & Compounds
for A2M

Transcripts
for A2M

Expression
for A2M

Orthologs
for A2M

Paralogs
for A2M

SNPs/Variants
for A2M

Disorders & Mutations
for A2M

Medical News
for A2M

Publications
for A2M

Search for A2M

Genome Databases showing A2M

Other Databases showing A2M

Specialized Databases showing A2M

Licensable Technologies
for A2M

Services
for A2M

Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A2M Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 69

Aliases & Descriptionsfor A2M

Summariesfor A2M

Genomic Locationfor A2M

Proteinsfor A2M

Protein Domains/Familiesfor A2M

Gene Functionfor A2M

Pathways & Interactionsfor A2M

Drugs & Compoundsfor A2M

Transcriptsfor A2M

Expression for A2M

Orthologsfor A2M

Paralogsfor A2M

SNPs/Variantsfor A2M

Disorders & Mutationsfor A2M

Medical Newsfor A2M

Publicationsfor A2M

Search for A2M

Genome Databases showing A2M

Other Databases showing A2M

Specialized Databases showing A2M

Licensable Technologiesfor A2M

Servicesfor A2M

Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Aliases &
Descriptions
for A2M

Summaries
for A2M

Genomic Location
for A2M

Proteins
for A2M

Protein Domains/
Families
for A2M

Gene Function
for A2M

Pathways & Interactions
for A2M

Drugs & Compounds
for A2M

Transcripts
for A2M

Expression
for A2M

Orthologs
for A2M

Paralogs
for A2M

SNPs/Variants
for A2M

Disorders & Mutations
for A2M

Medical News
for A2M

Publications
for A2M

Licensable Technologies
for A2M

Services
for A2M